CN101719748A - Solar-concentrating power generating device for power generation by waste heat - Google Patents
Solar-concentrating power generating device for power generation by waste heat Download PDFInfo
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- CN101719748A CN101719748A CN200910252264A CN200910252264A CN101719748A CN 101719748 A CN101719748 A CN 101719748A CN 200910252264 A CN200910252264 A CN 200910252264A CN 200910252264 A CN200910252264 A CN 200910252264A CN 101719748 A CN101719748 A CN 101719748A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a solar-concentrating power generating device of power generation by waste heat, comprising a plurality of solar-concentrating power generating modules and a sun chasing and tracking bracket system used for mounting the solar-concentrating power generating modules, wherein the solar-concentrating power generating modules comprise a plurality of solar-concentrating power generating units which are in matrix arrangement, and each solar-concentrating power generating unit comprises a concentrating lens and a concentrating battery; a temperature-difference power generating device is arranged below the concentrating battery, a high temperature surface of the temperature-difference power generating device is closely jointed with the concentrating battery, and a low temperature surface of the temperature-difference power generating device is closely jointed with a heat absorption layer of a heat collector; and all concentrating batteries and all temperature-difference power generating devices are connected in series and then output electric energy outwards. The solar-concentrating power generating device adopts the temperature-difference power generating device to generate the power by utilizing waste heat, and simultaneously utilizes the heat collector to reduce the temperature of the temperature-difference power generating device so as to form the low temperature surface, thereby realizing the photoelectric conversion of the waste heat on the one hand and the heat utilization of the waste heat on the other hand, and improving the utilization efficiency of the solar energy.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the solar energy concentration generating field, refer to especially a kind of can be to the solar condensing power generation device of the UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN in photo-thermal power generation process generating.
Background technology
As shown in Figure 1, in the existing solar condensing power generation device, concentrating generation device often comprises a collector lens, and collector lens generally adopts plane Fresnel Lenses 1, and sunlight is carried out the secondary condensation prism 2 of secondary condensation, concentrator cell 3.The optically focused of secondary condensation prism 2 projects on the concentrator cell 3, thereby makes concentrator cell 3 produce opto-electronic conversion, thereby generates electricity.But adopt secondary condensation prism 2 once more during optically focused, concentrator cell 3 surfaces can produce high temperature, temperature is generally more than 200 degree, be unfavorable for that thereby concentrator cell 3 carries out photoelectricity and transforms and influence the efficient that photoelectricity transforms, the dispel the heat temperature of reduction concentrator cell 3 of a radiator 4 be set below concentrator cell 3 thereby therefore often adopt.So just caused this part luminous energy also not obtain utilizing and just be lost, very unfortunate.
The conductive material of two kinds of different components is formed the closed-loop path, when there is temperature gradient in two ends, just has electric current in the loop and passes through, and just exist electromotive force one thermo-electromotive force, Here it is so-called Seebeck effect (Seebeck effect) between the two ends this moment.As shown in Figure 2, with an end of two kinds of dissimilar thermo-electric converting material N type semiconductor materials and P type semiconductor material in conjunction with and be placed on the condition of high temperature, the other end is connected with an external load and when giving low temperature, because the thermal excitation effect of temperature end is stronger, hole and electron concentration are also than low-temperature end height, under the driving of this carrier concentration gradient, hole and electronics spread to low-temperature end, thereby form electrical potential difference at the low temperature open end; If P type and N type semiconductor material are coupled together the composition module with many, just can obtain sufficiently high voltage, form a semiconductor temperature differential generating piece.
In field of solar thermal power generation, there have been many engineers and technicians to notice and utilized the temperature end of the high temperature of Salar light-gathering generation as semiconductor thermo-electric generation apparatus, utilize a low-temperature end then, form the low-temperature end that a temperature is higher than ambient temperature as heat collector, just can form a temperature difference electricity generation device generates electricity, can be CN200520120563.0 specifically referring to " light focusing heat collecting type solar energy temperature difference generating set " patent No., there is the not high problem of generating efficiency in this device that directly utilizes solar-energy light collector generation high temperature to utilize the thermo-electric generation piece to generate electricity, energy output is low, having little significance of practice, cost performance are too low.Because the present conversion efficiency of thermoelectric of thermo-electric generation piece all is lower than 15%, also just about 4%～8%, the meaning of directly generating electricity is very limited at present general commercially available thermo-electric generation piece.
UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN is a main direction of present field of solar thermal power generation design, and how utilizing the utilization ratio of the energy, raising low-grade energy to greatest extent is the direction that people make great efforts.The urgent hope in this area can be designed a kind of more perfect photoelectricity, thermoelectric use device, can make full use of the high-temperature residual heat that produces in the solar power generation process.
Summary of the invention
The solar condensing power generation device that the purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of cogeneration, this concentrating generation device adopts temperature difference electricity generation device to utilize waste heat to generate electricity, utilize heat collector that temperature difference electricity generation device is lowered the temperature simultaneously and form the low temperature face, thereby realized that on the one hand waste heat photoelectricity transforms, realize the heat utilization of waste heat on the other hand, improved the solar energy utilization ratio.
Technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
A kind of solar condensing power generation device of cogeneration, the solar tracking tracking mounting system that comprises a plurality of solar energy concentration generating modules and described solar energy concentration generating module is installed, described solar energy concentration generating module comprises a plurality of solar energy concentration generatings unit that is arranged, described solar energy concentration generating unit comprises a collector lens, and one is arranged on the concentrator cell in described collector lens optically focused zone; Described concentrator cell below is provided with a temperature difference electricity generation device, and the high temperature face of described temperature difference electricity generation device and described concentrator cell fit tightly, and the low temperature face of described temperature difference electricity generation device and the heat-sink shell of a heat collector fit tightly; Outwards output electric energy of back is connected in series between described each concentrator cell and described each temperature difference electricity generation device.
Further, collector lens described in the patent device is a topping curved surface condensing lens, described topping curved surface condensing lens is cut top hollow curved surface Fresnel Lenses by a planar lens and and is formed, described to cut top hollow curved surface Fresnel Lenses be the curved surface cone-shaped, and described planar lens is adhesively fixed on the described zone, top of cutting of cutting top hollow curved surface Fresnel Lenses and forms topping curved surface condensing lens.
Further, planar lens described in the patent device is meant the plane Fresnel Lenses.
Further, temperature difference electricity generation device described in the patent device is a semiconductor thermo-electric generation piece.
Further, the unit of solar energy concentration generating described in the patent device also is provided with a secondary condensation prism that is used for the emergent light of described topping curved surface condensing lens is carried out secondary condensation.
Further, solar tracking described in the patent device is followed the tracks of mounting system and is comprised that one is used to install the support installed surface of described solar energy concentration generating module, described support installed surface is installed on the vertical columns, described support installed surface is provided with a sun light intensity sensor, described column is provided with adjusting mechanism and the controlling organization that is used to adjust described support installed surface, thereby described controlling organization is adjusted described support installed surface according to the described adjusting mechanism of the signal controlling of described sun light intensity sensor and rotated and guarantee that described support installed surface faces the sun all the time.
Further, adjusting mechanism described in the patent device comprises a vertical adjusting mechanism and a horizontal adjusting mechanism, described vertical adjusting mechanism comprises that one is arranged on the gear on the described support installed surface, and one is arranged on the motor on the described column, the spiral shaft of described motor and gears engaged; Described horizontal adjusting mechanism comprises that one is set in the dwang that can center on described column rotation on the described column, and one is installed in the motor of described dwang one end, and the other end of described dwang is connected on the described support installed surface.
Further, concentrator cell described in the patent device is an III-V family more piece solar cell.
Further, concentrator cell described in the patent device is a gallium arsenide solar cell.
The solar condensing power generation device working method of this patent mainly is that sunlight is converged to sunlight on the secondary condensation prism through topping curved surface condensing lens, process secondary condensation prism is the sunlight homogenizing after converging, shine directly on the gallium arsenide solar cell then, solar cell generation photovoltaic effect produces direct current energy; Simultaneously, below solar cell, be provided with semiconductor thermo-electric generation apparatus, because thermo-electric generation need guarantee the temperature gradient of semi-conducting material, the low temperature face must guarantee heat radiation like this, being about to the heat that high temperature face is transmitted to the low temperature face can constantly distribute, thereby could in the flow process of heat, produce the electromotive force generating, heat radiation for the low temperature face that guarantees temperature difference electricity generation device, at the low temperature face one heat collector is set, take away by the heat that heat collector is come the conduction of low temperature face, so can avoid the temperature of solar cell too high, thereby influence the photoelectric conversion efficiency of solar cell, two come to have realized cogeneration by temperature difference electricity generation device, and three come to fully utilize by the heat that heat collector is come the low temperature face conduction of temperature difference electricity generation device, as are used for hot water etc.Thereby voltage is improved in the back that is connected in series between each concentrator cell of whole concentrating generation device and each temperature difference electricity generation device outwards export electric energy then.
The effect of this patent is:
(1) all the time, Salar light-gathering lens in the solar condensing power generation device mainly adopt the plane Fresnel Lenses to carry out optically focused, though having awared the plane Fresnel Lenses, industry has shortcomings such as chromatic dispersion, total reflection, light concentrating times be restricted, but can't find improved way always, though and the curved surface Fresnel Lenses has the good optical transmission effects, but its curve form has then proposed higher difficulty to manufacturing, adopt methods such as traditional mold, punching press, manufacture difficulty is big, therefore the cost height is difficult to large-scale promotion.This patent combines plane Fresnel Lenses and curved surface Fresnel Lenses cleverly, the effective advantage of the advantage that manufacturing is simple and convenient, cost is low and the optical transmission of curved surface Fresnel Lenses of face Fresnel Lenses or convex lens of making even combines, the problem of having evaded curved surface Fresnel Lenses manufacture difficulty and cost cleverly, thus the collector lens that a kind of spotlight effect is better, cost is more excellent provided for the Salar light-gathering lens.
Particularly, cut top hollow curved surface condensing lens, avoided the demoulding difficult problem that top curve surface is brought in the curved surface Fresnel Lenses manufacturing process, form one then with cutting the identical plane Fresnel Lenses of top area size, the processing of this plane Fresnel Lenses is simple and convenient, and technology is also very ripe.At last the two is adhesively fixed together, has just formed the topping curved surface condensing lens of this patent.Certainly the plane Fresnel Lenses also can replace with convex lens or other planar lens.When top hollow curved surface Fresnel Lenses is cut in making, can adopt the one-time formed method of mold, also can adopt the mode of in cutting top hollow curved surface cone, pasting lens blooming to make.The solar condensing power generation device of this patent can significantly improve electricity conversion than the solar condensing power generation device of available technology adopting plane Fresnel Lenses, particularly can reduce the mounting system of the required precision high concentration solar system follows the tracks of to(for) solar tracking.
(2) this patent is with in the conventional art, the radiator that is arranged on the solar cell below replaces with temperature difference electricity generation device, heat collector, avoided light and heat energy directly by heat sink radiates in environment, cause the waste of energy, waste heat is carried out photoelectricity, solar thermal utilization, not only improve the solar photoelectric transformation efficiency, and realized the comprehensive utilization of waste heat.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the work schematic diagram of the solar condensing power generation device of prior art;
Fig. 2 is the operation principle schematic diagram of temperature difference electricity generation device;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of semiconductor temperature differential generating piece;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of topping curved surface condensing lens among the present invention;
Fig. 5 is first kind of structural representation of topping curved surface condensing lens among the present invention;
Fig. 6 is second kind of structural representation of topping curved surface condensing lens among the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the backsight structural representation of apparatus of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the side-looking structural representation of apparatus of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is the structural representation of solar energy concentration generating module of the present invention;
Figure 10 is the structural representation of solar energy concentration generating of the present invention unit;
Figure 11 is a collector structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
The drawing reference numeral explanation:
The vertical guiding mechanism 55-of 1-planar Fresnel lens 2-secondary condensation prism 3-solar cell 40-fin 41-temperature difference electricity generation device 42-high temperature face 43-P type semiconductor 44-N type semiconductor 45-low temperature face 46-electric connection line 5-solar tracking tracking mounting system 51-vertical columns 52-sun light intensity sensor 53-support installed surface 54-horizontal adjusting mechanism 6-solar energy concentration generating unit 61-topping curved surface condensing lens 62-cuts top hollow curved surface Fresnel Lenses 63-and cuts the regional 64-planar Fresnel lens 65-convex lens 7-solar energy concentration generating module 21-fixing base 31-fixing base 8-heat collector 81-heat-sink shell 82-thermal insulation layer 83-water 84-water inlet 85-delivery port in top
Embodiment
Further specify technical scheme of the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment.
As Fig. 7 is the backsight structural representation of apparatus of the present invention, and Fig. 8 is the side-looking structural representation of apparatus of the present invention; A kind of solar condensing power generation device of cogeneration, the solar tracking tracking mounting system 5 that comprises a plurality of solar energy concentration generating modules 7 and solar energy concentration generating module 7 is installed, solar energy concentration generating module 7 comprises a plurality of solar energy concentration generatings unit 6 (referring to Fig. 9) that is arranged, as the structural representation of Figure 10 for solar energy concentration generating of the present invention unit; Be illustrated in figure 3 as the structural representation of temperature difference electricity generation device; Solar energy concentration generating unit 6 comprises that the concentrator cell that a topping curved surface condensing lens 61, is arranged on topping curved surface condensing lens 61 optically focused zones is a solar cell 3; Collector lens 61 belows are provided with a secondary condensation prism 2 that is used for the emergent light of topping curved surface condensing lens 61 is carried out secondary condensation, and solar cell 3 belows are provided with a temperature difference electricity generation device 41.The concrete structure of temperature difference electricity generation device 41 is served as reasons organizes the thermo-electric generation pieces that semi-conducting materials are formed more, wherein P type semiconductor 43 is serially connected successively with N type semiconductor 44, the two ends of semi-conducting material are respectively equipped with high temperature face 42 and low temperature face 45, be provided with two electric connection lines 46 on the low temperature face 45, temperature difference electricity generation device 41 can directly adopt commercially available various finished products, such as the semiconductor temperature differential generating sheet of the TEc1-031100 model of Beijing Peltier semiconductor company production.During concrete the use, the high temperature face 42 and the solar cell 3 of temperature difference electricity generation device 41 fitted tightly, the low temperature face 45 of temperature difference electricity generation device 41 and the heat-sink shell 81 of a heat collector 8 fit tightly; The outwards output electric energy of back that is connected in series between each concentrator cell and each temperature difference electricity generation device, electric energy can for from net be incorporated into the power networks use.Concentrator cell is an III-V family more piece solar cell 3, as: InGaP, tellurium chromium, GaAs etc., preferred gallium arsenide solar cell.Secondary condensation prism 2 is fixed in the solar energy concentration generating unit 6 by a fixing base 21, and same, solar cell 3 is fixed on another fixing base 31.
As shown in figure 11, heat collector 8 is provided with a heat-sink shell 81, thermal insulation layer 82, heat-sink shell 81 is close together with the low temperature face of temperature difference electricity generation device 41, thermal insulation layer 82 surrounds a confined space with heat collector 8, be provided with the heat transfer medium that circulates in the confined space, as water 83 etc., heat collector 8 is provided with a water inlet 84, a delivery port 85, heat-sink shell 81 is transmitted to the heat of the low temperature face of temperature difference electricity generation device 41 in the heat transfer medium like this, by constantly circulating of heat transfer medium, thereby the heat of solar cell 3 is constantly taken out of, the heat that heat transfer medium is taken out of can make full use of, as hot water service etc.
As Fig. 4～shown in Figure 6, topping curved surface condensing lens 61 in this patent is cut top hollow curved surface Fresnel Lenses 62 by a planar lens and and is formed, cut top hollow curved surface Fresnel Lenses 62 and be the curved surface cone-shaped, planar lens is adhesively fixed on the zone, top 63 of cutting of cutting top hollow curved surface Fresnel Lenses 62 and forms topping curved surface condensing lens 61.
In this patent: planar lens is meant: the beam projecting face or the plane of incidence are the lens on plane.
As an embodiment of this patent, planar lens is a plane Fresnel Lenses 64.As another embodiment of this patent, planar lens is convex lens 65.In order to guarantee the transmission effects of whole lens, the area of planar lens is less than 35% of topping curved surface condensing lens 61 effective light-receiving areas.
In this patent, the manufacture method of topping curved surface condensing lens 61, make according to following steps:
At first moldings formed therefrom forms one and cuts top hollow curved surface cone, and cutting the zone, top is a border circular areas;
In cutting top hollow curved surface cone, paste lens blooming formation then and cut top hollow curved surface Fresnel Lenses 62;
Once more moldings formed therefrom form one with the plane Fresnel Lenses 64 of cutting the regional 63 identical sizes in top;
The top zone 63 of cutting of cutting top hollow curved surface Fresnel Lenses 62 that at last plane Fresnel Lenses 64 is adhesively fixed forms topping curved surface condensing lens 61.
Paste lens blooming be meant with lens blooming according to the curved surface Fresnel Lenses each " tooth " and the different correspondences of refractive index, refraction angle paste and cut in the hollow curved surface cone of top, the lens blooming that lens blooming can select Minnesota Mining and Manufacturing Company to produce, the mode by this stickup can produce the effect the same with punch forming.
As Fig. 7, shown in Figure 8, solar tracking is followed the tracks of mounting system 5 and is comprised that one is used to install the support installed surface 53 of solar energy concentration generating module 7, support installed surface 53 is installed on the vertical columns 51, support installed surface 53 is provided with a sun light intensity sensor 52, column 51 is provided with adjusting mechanism and the controlling organization that is used to adjust support installed surface 53, adjusting mechanism is meant a vertical adjusting mechanism 54 and a horizontal adjusting mechanism 55, vertical adjusting mechanism 54 comprises that one is arranged on the gear on the support installed surface 53, one is arranged on the motor on the column 51, the spiral shaft of motor and gears engaged; Horizontal adjusting mechanism 55 comprises that one is set in the dwang that can center on column 51 rotations on the column 51, and one is installed in the motor of dwang one end, and the other end of dwang is connected on the support installed surface 53.Thereby controlling organization guarantees that according to the signal level control adjusting mechanism 55 and 53 rotations of vertical adjusting mechanism 54 adjustment support installed surfaces of sun light intensity sensor 52 support installed surfaces 53 face the sun all the time.
During concrete the installation, at first on the ground with column 51 vertical fixing; Vertical adjusting mechanism 54 is adjusted the elevation angle of support installed surface 53, and horizontal adjusting mechanism 55 is adjusted the azimuth of support installed surface 53; Sun light intensity sensor 52 detects sun angle in real time, and controlling organization is adjusted horizontal adjusting mechanism 55 and vertical adjusting mechanism 54 according to sun light intensity sensor 52 detected sun angles, makes the upper surface of sunlight vertical irradiation to solar energy concentration generating module 7.
Those skilled in the art will recognize that, above-mentioned embodiment is exemplary, be in order better to make those skilled in the art can understand this patent, can not be interpreted as it is the restriction that this patent is comprised scope, so long as according to spirit that this patent discloses done anyly be equal to change or modify, all fall into the scope that this patent comprises.
Claims (9)
1. the solar condensing power generation device of a cogeneration, mounting system is followed the tracks of in the solar tracking that comprises a plurality of solar energy concentration generating modules and described solar energy concentration generating module is installed, it is characterized in that,
Described solar energy concentration generating module comprises a plurality of solar energy concentration generatings unit that is arranged, and described solar energy concentration generating unit comprises a collector lens, and one is arranged on the concentrator cell in described collector lens optically focused zone; Described concentrator cell below is provided with a temperature difference electricity generation device, and the high temperature face of described temperature difference electricity generation device and described concentrator cell fit tightly, and the low temperature face of described temperature difference electricity generation device and the heat-sink shell of a heat collector fit tightly; Outwards output electric energy of back is connected in series between described each concentrator cell and described each temperature difference electricity generation device.
2. according to the solar condensing power generation device of the described cogeneration of claim 1, it is characterized in that,
Described collector lens is a topping curved surface condensing lens, described topping curved surface condensing lens is cut top hollow curved surface Fresnel Lenses by a planar lens and and is formed, described to cut top hollow curved surface Fresnel Lenses be the curved surface cone-shaped, and described planar lens is adhesively fixed on the described zone, top of cutting of cutting top hollow curved surface Fresnel Lenses and forms topping curved surface condensing lens.
3. according to the solar condensing power generation device of the described cogeneration of claim 2, it is characterized in that,
Described planar lens is meant the plane Fresnel Lenses.
4. according to the solar condensing power generation device of the described cogeneration of claim 1, it is characterized in that,
Described temperature difference electricity generation device is a semiconductor thermo-electric generation piece.
5. according to the solar condensing power generation device of the described cogeneration of claim 1, it is characterized in that,
Described solar energy concentration generating unit also is provided with a secondary condensation prism that is used for the emergent light of described topping curved surface condensing lens is carried out secondary condensation.
6. according to the solar condensing power generation device of the described cogeneration of claim 1, it is characterized in that,
Described solar tracking is followed the tracks of mounting system and is comprised that one is used to install the support installed surface of described solar energy concentration generating module, described support installed surface is installed on the vertical columns, described support installed surface is provided with a sun light intensity sensor, described column is provided with adjusting mechanism and the controlling organization that is used to adjust described support installed surface, thereby described controlling organization is adjusted described support installed surface according to the described adjusting mechanism of the signal controlling of described sun light intensity sensor and rotated and guarantee that described support installed surface faces the sun all the time.
7. according to the solar condensing power generation device of the described cogeneration of claim 6, it is characterized in that,
Described adjusting mechanism comprises a vertical adjusting mechanism and a horizontal adjusting mechanism, and described vertical adjusting mechanism comprises that one is arranged on the gear on the described support installed surface, and one is arranged on the motor on the described column, the spiral shaft of described motor and gears engaged; Described horizontal adjusting mechanism comprises that one is set in the dwang that can center on described column rotation on the described column, and one is installed in the motor of described dwang one end, and the other end of described dwang is connected on the described support installed surface.
8. according to the solar condensing power generation device of the described cogeneration of claim 1, it is characterized in that,
Described concentrator cell is an III-V family more piece solar cell.
9. the solar condensing power generation device of described cogeneration according to Claim 8 is characterized in that,
Described concentrator cell is a gallium arsenide solar cell.
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| CN102437797A (en) * | 2011-12-16 | 2012-05-02 | 华中科技大学 | Focus solar temperature difference generating device |
| CN102510240A (en) * | 2011-11-04 | 2012-06-20 | 汪荃 | Secondary solar photoelectric module group |
| CN102738842A (en) * | 2011-04-13 | 2012-10-17 | 鸿富锦精密工业（深圳）有限公司 | Container with self-powered function |
| CN103607139A (en) * | 2013-12-05 | 2014-02-26 | 华北电力大学 | Surge and solar hybrid power generation system |
| CN106533328A (en) * | 2015-09-11 | 2017-03-22 | 博立码杰通讯(深圳)有限公司 | Integrated solar energy utilization apparatus and system |
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| CN102738842A (en) * | 2011-04-13 | 2012-10-17 | 鸿富锦精密工业（深圳）有限公司 | Container with self-powered function |
| CN102510240A (en) * | 2011-11-04 | 2012-06-20 | 汪荃 | Secondary solar photoelectric module group |
| CN102437797A (en) * | 2011-12-16 | 2012-05-02 | 华中科技大学 | Focus solar temperature difference generating device |
| CN103607139A (en) * | 2013-12-05 | 2014-02-26 | 华北电力大学 | Surge and solar hybrid power generation system |
| CN103607139B (en) * | 2013-12-05 | 2014-07-09 | 华北电力大学 | Surge and solar hybrid power generation system |
| CN106533328A (en) * | 2015-09-11 | 2017-03-22 | 博立码杰通讯(深圳)有限公司 | Integrated solar energy utilization apparatus and system |
| JP2018528751A (en) * | 2015-09-11 | 2018-09-27 | ボリーメディアコミュニケーションズ（シンチェン）カンパニーリミテッドＢｏｌｙ Ｍｅｄｉａ Ｃｏｍｍｕｎｉｃａｔｉｏｎｓ （Ｓｈｅｎｚｈｅｎ）Ｃｏ．， Ｌｔｄ | Integrated solar energy utilization device and system |
| CN106653992A (en) * | 2017-01-19 | 2017-05-10 | 浙江聚珖科技股份有限公司 | Water-cooled thermoelectric generation module |
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