CN104989548B - Engine coolant waste heat utilization engine warming system adopting solid-liquid phase change heat reservoir and method of engine coolant waste heat utilization engine warming system - Google Patents
Engine coolant waste heat utilization engine warming system adopting solid-liquid phase change heat reservoir and method of engine coolant waste heat utilization engine warming system Download PDFInfo
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- CN104989548B CN104989548B CN201510305792.8A CN201510305792A CN104989548B CN 104989548 B CN104989548 B CN 104989548B CN 201510305792 A CN201510305792 A CN 201510305792A CN 104989548 B CN104989548 B CN 104989548B
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02G5/00—Profiting from waste heat of combustion engines, not otherwise provided for
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P7/00—Controlling of coolant flow
- F01P7/14—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid
- F01P7/16—Controlling of coolant flow the coolant being liquid by thermostatic control
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02N—STARTING OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; STARTING AIDS FOR SUCH ENGINES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02N19/00—Starting aids for combustion engines, not otherwise provided for
- F02N19/02—Aiding engine start by thermal means, e.g. using lighted wicks
- F02N19/04—Aiding engine start by thermal means, e.g. using lighted wicks by heating of fluids used in engines
- F02N19/10—Aiding engine start by thermal means, e.g. using lighted wicks by heating of fluids used in engines by heating of engine coolants
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D20/00—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00
- F28D20/02—Heat storage plants or apparatus in general; Regenerative heat-exchange apparatus not covered by groups F28D17/00 or F28D19/00 using latent heat
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/14—Thermal energy storage
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Abstract
The invention discloses an engine coolant waste heat utilization engine warming system adopting a solid-liquid phase change heat reservoir and a method of the engine coolant waste heat utilization engine warming system. The system comprises a temperature sensor, an electronic thermostat, an electronic fan, a radiator, the solid-liquid phase change heat reservoir, an electronic three-way valve and an MCU. Coolant flows through the phase change heat reservoir to heat phase change materials. The phase change happens to the phase change materials, the phase change materials absorb a large amount of latent heat, and residual heat of an engine is transferred into the phase change heat reservoir to be stored and used for starting engine warming. The electronic thermostat and the electronic three-way valve are controlled by the MCU and kept running synchronously all the time. The premise that normal work of an engine cooling system is not influenced is ensured. After the engine stops, large circulation is closed through the electronic thermostat and the electronic three-way valve. The phase change heat reservoir is sealed and enters the energy preservation state. Thus, under the condition that the existing engine power consumption is hardly increased, waste heat recycle is achieved. The engine warming starting process is achieved under the condition that the engine power consumption is not increased.
Description
Technical field
A kind of engine the present invention relates to use solid-liquid phase change thermal storage device starts warming-up system, more particularly to one kind is adopted
With the engine coolant UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN warming-up system and method for solid-liquid phase change thermal storage device, reclaimed using phase-change heat storage device and cooled down
The heat energy that liquid band is walked, and for starting warming-up.
Background technology
Due to the influence that the motor vehicle emission with internal combustion engine as power is caused to city environmental pollution, and the global energy
Problem, energy-saving and emission-reduction turn into the important research direction of automobile engine.Comprehensive progress newest in the world, improves internal combustion engine
The key technology approach of efficiency mainly has two：One be with IC engine cylinder efficiently, clean combustion process be organized as target
Combustion in IC engine theory and technology of new generation, correlative study has in an organized way been carried out in China；Two is afterheat of IC engine energy
Recycling theory and technology.Therefore, the challenge for responding actively combustion engine energy-saving in the world and emission-reduction technology of the invention
It is significant.
Engine exhaust heat can have step characteristic of the low-grade energy to high-grade energy, and the temperature and pressure that exhaust can flow has
The features such as transient state pulse characteristic changed with operating condition being circulated with internal combustion engine, so as to increased the difficulty of UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN
Degree.During // cold-starting automobile, because coolant temperature is relatively low, on the one hand cause to be vented HC, CO, particle content is higher；It is another
Aspect, engine component insufficient lubrication causes fretting wear to aggravate；And when environment temperature is relatively low, thermal starting is compared in cold start-up
Difficulty, particularly diesel engine.Starting warming-up can improve above mentioned problem, and at present in research both at home and abroad, starts warming-up technology and lead to
It is often that coolant is heated by electric heater, this mode is larger to the power demand of heater, and automobile storage battery is only
There is 12V, certainly will cause that electric current is excessive, power consumption is too high；And the charging of storage battery is transported by belt drive generator by engine
Turn, what fuel consumption was transformed, transformation efficiency is both reduced, the waste of fossil fuel is caused again.And pass through the present invention, will
The more difficult engine exhaust heat for utilizing is reclaimed, and is stored, and for starting warming-up, both solves power saving, and discharge is improved again,
Kill two birds with one stone.
The content of the invention
The present invention devises a kind of engine exhaust heat of use solid-liquid phase change thermal storage device using warming-up system is started, and uses phase
Change heat reservoir is stored engine by the heat recovery that coolant is taken away, in engine startup next time, by phase transformation material
By latent heat treatment out, heated cooling fluid makes the rapid warming-up of engine to the phase transition process of material.Both UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN is solved, is solved again
Determine starting warming-up problem.
Technical scheme is as follows：
A kind of solid-liquid phase change thermal storage device is single channel thermal storage device, including heat storage units, housing and heat-insulation layer, described heat accumulation
Unit is the tubule filled by phase-change material, and heat storage units are wrapped in cooling passage, the space between each heat storage units by
Coolant is full of, and the region that cooling passage outer layer is surrounded with shell is the thermal insulation layer being evacuated, and the housing is provided with cold
But liquid entrance, cooling liquid outlet and outlet port, coolant inlet are connected with cooling liquid outlet by cooling passage, the housing
Wrapped up by heat-insulation layer.
Preferably, described phase-change material is normal low temperature phase change heat accumulating of the phase transition temperature at 50-90 DEG C.
It is furthermore preferred that described phase-change material is stearic acid microcapsules, 70.7 DEG C of the stearic acid capsule fusing point, melting enthalpy
It is 203kJ/（kg·K）.
The engine exhaust heat of the solid-liquid phase change thermal storage device is included using warming-up system：Temperature sensor, electronic thermostat,
Electronic fan, radiator, described solid-liquid phase change thermal storage device, electronic three-way valve and MCU；
Engine coolant exit is provided with temperature sensor, and phase-change heat storage device is installed on partial circulating passage, phase transformation storage
Hot device water inlet is connected on electronic thermostat, and delivery port is connected in electronic three-way valve, the other two ends difference of electronic three-way valve
Connection electronic water pump and radiator, constitute whole coolant circulation passage；
Temperature sensor is connected to MCU by holding wire, and MCU is connected to electronic water pump, electronic fan, electricity by control line
Sub- thermostat, electronic three-way valve.
The UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN method of warming up of the system is：
When engine work, MCU control electronic thermostats and electronic three-way valve remain synchronous working, that is, protect
Card identical large and small cycles aperture, allows temperature coolant higher by phase-change heat storage device, the phase-change material hair relatively low with temperature
Heat is exchanged, and by thermal energy storage in phase-change heat storage device, phase-change heat storage device is in energy storage all the time during engine runs
Process, when the temperature of heat storage units reaches it is identical with coolant temperature when, energy storage is terminated automatically；
When the engine is not operating, MCU control electronic thermostat and electronic three-way valve close partial circulating, so as to prevent because
The heat in phase-change heat storage device is taken away in coolant convection current, plays a part of insulation, energy storage, after engine is shut down, phase transformation storage
Hot device is in closed state, to preserve energy；
When engine is again turned on, MCU receives the ignition signal of engine, controls electronic thermostat and electronics threeway
Valve opens partial circulating simultaneously, closes systemic circulation, while controlling electronic water pump work, allows coolant in engine and phase-change heat storage device
Middle flowing, the heat energy that will be stored in phase-change heat storage device is discharged, heated cooling fluid, plays a part of rapid warming-up, now, phase
Change heat reservoir is in warming-up operating mode；
When coolant temperature gradually rises in engine partial circulating, engine-cooling system recover normal work, MCU according to
Coolant temperature controls the distribution that carries out large and small cycles of the electronic thermostat to coolant rate, when coolant temperature is higher than heat accumulation
In device during the temperature of phase-change material, phase-change heat storage device is automatically converted into energy storage operating mode.
Normally run using warming-up system with said system control engine exhaust heat.The temperature gathered by sensor is believed
Number, and the rule for making in advance, the recovery for controlling waste heat and the reasonable coordination for starting warming-up.
Electronic thermostat and electronic three-way valve remain synchronous operation by MCU controls, it is ensured that do not influence engine cold
But the premise of system worked well.After engine is shut down, electronic thermostat and electronic three-way valve close systemic circulation, and phase transformation is stored up
Hot device is closed, and state is preserved into energy.Thus in the case where former machine power consumption is hardly increased, realize waste heat and return
Receive.And start warming-up process and be also achieved in the case of without engine power consumption is increased.Both the difficulty of UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN had been solved
Topic, solves the problems, such as cold start-up again, kills two birds with one stone.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the hardware layout schematic diagram of system；
Fig. 2 is phase-change heat storage device structural representation；
Fig. 3 is preferable phase-change heat-storage material temperature variation curve, and the temperature under firm power heating is changed over time
Characteristic；
In figure, 1. engine, 2. temperature sensor, 3. electronic thermostat, 4. electronic fan, 5. radiator, 6. phase transformation storage
Hot device, 7. electronic three-way valve 7,8. electronic water pump 8,9.MCU.
Specific embodiment
As shown in figure 1, being included using the UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN warming-up system of engine 1 of the solid-liquid phase change thermal storage device 6：Temperature
Sensor 2, electronic thermostat 3, electronic fan 4, radiator 5, described solid-liquid phase change thermal storage device 6, electronic three-way valve 7 and MCU；
Temperature sensor 2 is provided with the cooling liquid outlet of engine 1, phase-change heat storage device 6 is installed on partial circulating passage, phase transformation
The water inlet of thermal storage device 6 is connected on electronic thermostat 3, and delivery port is connected in electronic three-way valve 7, electronic three-way valve 7 other two
End connects electronic water pump 8 and radiator 5 respectively, constitutes whole coolant circulation passage；
Temperature sensor 2 is connected to MCU by holding wire, and MCU is connected to electronic water pump 8, electronic fan by control line
4th, electronic thermostat 3, electronic three-way valve 7.
The phase-change heat storage device 6 used in the present invention is coolant single channel thermal storage device.Its structure is referring to Fig. 2, including heat accumulation
Unit, housing and heat-insulation layer, described heat storage units are the tubule filled by phase-change material, and tubule has certain elasticity, with full
The Volume Changes of sufficient phase transition process, and with good thermal conductivity, heat storage units are wrapped in cooling passage, each heat storage units
Between space be full of by coolant, the region that cooling passage outer layer and shell are surrounded is the thermal insulation layer being evacuated, described
Housing is provided with coolant inlet, cooling liquid outlet and outlet port, and coolant inlet and cooling liquid outlet pass through cooling passage
It is connected, the housing is wrapped up by heat-insulation layer.
The solid-liquid phase change heat accumulating of selection, should possess temperature characterisitic as shown in Figure 3.The present invention selects phase transition temperature
The stearic acid microcapsules all higher with latent heat of phase change, 70.7 DEG C of stearic acid fusing point, melting enthalpy 203kJ/kgK.Also it may be selected
His normal low temperature phase change heat accumulating of the phase transition temperature at 50 ~ 90 DEG C.
Phase-change heat storage device 6 is installed in series on cooling system partial circulating pipeline, referring to Fig. 1.
The present invention controls electronic three-way valve 7 and electronic thermostat 3 using MCU, phase-change heat storage device 6 is controlled, specifically
Control strategy is as follows：
When 1 normal work of engine, MCU control electronic thermostats 3 and electronic three-way valve 7 remain synchronous working,
Ensure identical large and small cycles aperture.Temperature coolant higher is allowed by phase-change heat storage device 6, the phase transformation material relatively low with temperature
There is heat exchange in material, by thermal energy storage in phase-change heat storage device 6.Phase-change heat storage device 6 is located all the time during engine 1 runs
In the process of energy storage, when the temperature of heat storage units reaches it is identical with coolant temperature when, energy storage is terminated automatically.
When engine 1 is stopped, MCU control electronic thermostats 3 and electronic three-way valve 7 close partial circulating, so that anti-
Only because the heat in phase-change heat storage device 6 is taken away in coolant convection current, play a part of insulation, energy storage.After engine 1 is shut down,
Phase-change heat storage device 6 is in closed state, to preserve energy.
After a few hours, when engine 1 is again turned on, MCU receives the ignition signal of engine 1, controls electronics section temperature
Device 3 and electronic three-way valve 7 open partial circulating simultaneously, close systemic circulation, while controlling electronic water pump 8 to work, allow coolant in hair
Flowed in motivation 1 and phase-change heat storage device 6, the heat energy stored in phase-change heat storage device 6 is discharged, heated cooling fluid plays fast
The effect of fast warming-up.Now, phase-change heat storage device 6 is in warming-up operating mode.
When coolant temperature gradually rises in the partial circulating of engine 1, the cooling system of engine 1 recovers normal work, MCU roots
The distribution for carrying out large and small cycles according to coolant temperature control electronic thermostat 3 to coolant rate, when coolant temperature is higher than
In thermal storage device during the temperature of phase-change material, phase-change heat storage device 6 is automatically converted into energy storage operating mode.
In this system, electronic thermostat 3 and electronic three-way valve 7 remain synchronous operation by MCU controls, it is ensured that
Do not influence the premise of engine 1 cooling system normal work.After engine 1 is shut down, electronic thermostat 3 and electronic three-way valve
7 close systemic circulation, and phase-change heat storage device 6 is closed, and state is preserved into energy.Thus hardly increasing former machine power consumption
In the case of, realize waste heat recovery.And start warming-up process and be also able to reality in the case of without the power consumption of engine 1 is increased
It is existing.Both the problem of UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN had been solved, cold start-up had been solved the problems, such as again, killed two birds with one stone.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of engine exhaust heat utilizes the UTILIZATION OF VESIDUAL HEAT IN method of warming up of warming-up system, and the system includes temperature sensor, electricity
Sub- thermostat, electronic fan, radiator, solid-liquid phase change thermal storage device, electronic three-way valve and MCU；Engine coolant exit sets
There is temperature sensor, solid-liquid phase change thermal storage device is installed on partial circulating passage, solid-liquid phase change thermal storage device water inlet is connected to electronics
On thermostat, delivery port is connected in electronic three-way valve, and the other two ends of electronic three-way valve connect electronic water pump and radiator respectively,
Constitute whole coolant circulation passage；
Temperature sensor is connected to MCU by holding wire, and MCU is connected to electronic water pump, electronic fan, electronics section by control line
Warm device, electronic three-way valve；Described solid-liquid phase change thermal storage device is single channel thermal storage device, including heat storage units, housing and heat-insulation layer,
Described heat storage units are to be wrapped in cooling passage by the tubule of phase-change material filling, and heat storage units, each heat accumulation list
Space between unit is full of by coolant, and the region that cooling passage outer layer is surrounded with shell is the thermal insulation layer being evacuated, institute
State housing and be provided with coolant inlet, cooling liquid outlet and outlet port, coolant inlet and cooling liquid outlet are logical by coolant
Road is connected, and the housing is wrapped up by heat-insulation layer；
It is characterized in that：
When engine work, MCU control electronic thermostats and electronic three-way valve remain synchronous working, that is, ensure phase
Same large and small cycles aperture, allows temperature coolant higher by solid-liquid phase change thermal storage device, the phase-change material hair relatively low with temperature
Heat exchange, by thermal energy storage in solid-liquid phase change thermal storage device, solid-liquid phase change thermal storage device engine run during all the time
Process in energy storage, when the temperature of heat storage units reaches it is identical with coolant temperature when, energy storage is terminated automatically；
When the engine is not operating, MCU control electronic thermostats and electronic three-way valve close partial circulating, so as to prevent because of cooling
The heat in solid-liquid phase change thermal storage device is taken away in liquid convection current, plays a part of insulation, energy storage, after engine is shut down, solid liquid phase
Change heat reservoir is in closed state, to preserve energy；Described partial circulating refers to by engine, temperature sensor, electronics section temperature
The circulation loop that device, solid-liquid phase change thermal storage device, electronic three-way valve and electronic water pump are constituted；
When engine is again turned on, MCU receives the ignition signal of engine, and control electronic thermostat and electronic three-way valve are same
Shi Kaiqi partial circulatings, close systemic circulation, while controlling electronic water pump work, allow coolant in engine and solid-liquid phase change thermal storage device
Middle flowing, the heat energy stored in solid-liquid phase change thermal storage device is discharged, and heated cooling fluid plays a part of rapid warming-up, this
When, solid-liquid phase change thermal storage device is in warming-up operating mode；Described systemic circulation refer to by engine, temperature sensor, electronic thermostat,
The circulation loop that radiator, electronic three-way valve and electronic water pump are constituted；
When coolant temperature gradually rises in engine partial circulating, engine-cooling system recovers normal work, and MCU is according to cooling
The distribution that carries out large and small cycles of the liquid temperature control electronic thermostat to coolant rate, when coolant temperature is higher than solid-liquid phase change
In thermal storage device during the temperature of phase-change material, solid-liquid phase change thermal storage device is automatically converted into energy storage operating mode.
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