CN104987014B - A kind of radiation shield concrete with Pb-Zn tailings as raw material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of radiation shield concrete with Pb-Zn tailings as raw material and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN104987014B CN104987014B CN201510441103.6A CN201510441103A CN104987014B CN 104987014 B CN104987014 B CN 104987014B CN 201510441103 A CN201510441103 A CN 201510441103A CN 104987014 B CN104987014 B CN 104987014B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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Abstract
The invention belongs to environment and architecture Material Field, and in particular to a kind of radiation shield concrete with Pb-Zn tailings as raw material and preparation method thereof.Described radiation shield concrete includes the raw material of following weight portion：The weight portion of water 145 ~ 180, the weight portion of Binder Materials 350 ~ 630, the weight portion of fine aggregate 700 ~ 800, the weight portion of coarse aggregate 1000 ~ 1500, the weight portion of water reducer 2.2 ~ 7.8, the weight portion of steel fibre 35 ~ 75；Wherein, the Binder Materials is made up of cement and mineral admixture；Described coarse aggregate is made up of Pb-Zn tailings with barite；Described fine aggregate is the Pb-Zn tailings powder of Pb-Zn tailings gained after ball milling；Described water reducer is polycarboxylic acid series high efficiency water reducing agent.The radiation shield concrete low cost for being obtained, can be good at shielding α, β, gamma-rays and neutron ray, cracking resistance and superior in durability, while reducing the pollution that mine tailing is caused to ecological environment, with good economic benefit and environmental benefit, application prospect is good.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to environment and architecture Material Field, and in particular to a kind of radiation proof coagulation with Pb-Zn tailings as raw material
Soil and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Pb-Zn tailings are waste residue of the Pb-Zn deposits factory using discharge after floatation ore dressing, and it accounts for the 95% of Pb-Zn tailings yield, and
Substantial amounts of mine tailing is stacked and not only wants land occupation, expends storage and administration fee, while the harmful substance in mine tailing, particularly weighs
Metal ion is after weathering and rain leaching, it may occur that release is caused sternly with migration, the life to surrounding enviroment and the people
The influence and threat of weight.China's Pb-Zn tailings and its smeltery's distribution are very wide, and waste sludge discharge amount is also very big, scientifically recycles
Resource of tailings, turns waste into wealth, and accomplishes the doulbe-sides' victory of environmental benefit and economic benefit and turns into a kind of optimal selection.
Nuclear technology has just rapidly been developed since the birth, at present in such as nuclear power, military affairs, education, scientific research, medical treatment etc.
Various fields are widely used, but its security is always to perplex its key for further developing.It is well known that former
It is a large amount of as α, β, gamma-rays and neutron rays can induce cancer, leukaemia and multiple bone marrow cancer, big that daughter nucleus reaction is produced
The genetic mutation of various mankind's incurable diseases such as chest malignant tumour, thyroid gland technical ability disorder and inducing plant, the life for harming the crops
It is long, and its incubation period is long, cannot be learnt in the short time.Therefore, to prevent injury of the ray to human body, it is being built with radiation source
Building when, it is necessary to protection body is set.
At present, be to use high apparent density and high atomic number material for the maximally effective measure of radiation shield, such as it is expensive
The materials such as heavy metal lead, tungsten and concrete, using being more the multilayer proofing that is carried out using stereotype, steel plate and concrete.But
It is, on the one hand, although Pb has preferable radiation protection function, belong to more valuable metal, largely use so that anti-spoke
Penetrate relatively costly；On the other hand, multilayer screen causes that the difficulty of construction of radiation proof engineering is increased.
Cement concrete is current the most widely used ray protection material, is mainly used in making the inside and outside of nuclear reactor
The curing process of shell and nuke rubbish.Radiation shield concrete is also called radiation-shielding concrete, atomic energy concrete protection, shields and mix
Solidifying soil, nuclear reactor concrete or loaded concrete.As atomic reactor, particle accelerator and containing the protection for radiating source device
Material, it can effectively shield nuclear radiation, i.e. ray, refer generally to the rays such as α, β, γ and neutron irradiation.
In radiation shield concrete design, the larger natural crystal of some apparent densities：Barite, serpentine etc., rely on
Its excellent alpha ray shield performance, is commonly used to as the coarse-fine aggregate of concrete by domestic and foreign scholars.These natural crystals according to
There is larger atomic number and apparent density higher by it, can effectively stop ray penetrating in concrete.
However, these natural crystals are non-renewable, with developing rapidly for nuclear power, from the angle of sustainable development for, seek
Look for alternative material significant.
Contain substantial amounts of heavy metal in Pb-Zn tailings, the structural arrangement of most of heavy metals is tight, density is big, can be used to
Prevent ray from passing through, the comparision contents of mine tailing lead are more in these heavy metals, and lead is the material with fine shield effectiveness,
Therefore can not only be effectively reduced using the problem of lead screen ray high cost using Pb-Zn tailings, concrete can also be strengthened
Compactness and the shielding properties to ray.In addition, the apparent density of Pb-Zn tailings（2.5~3.1×103kg/m3）With
The apparent density of coagulation soil matrix phase cement mortar（2.6~3.0×103kg/m3）It is close, so that concrete preparation process reclaimed water
Slurry body and aggregate it is well mixed, reduce due to concrete uniformity it is bad caused by fault of construction so that concrete shield
The ability enhancing of ray.Therefore, we using Pb-Zn tailings come processability more preferably, the lower radiation shield concrete of cost.
Through retrieval, at home and abroad there is no using Pb-Zn tailings to prepare the report of radiation shield concrete, the project belongs to state
The technology of inside and outside first research invention.Pb-Zn tailings involved in the present invention enrich very much in China's reserves, can sufficiently return
Receipts utilize Pb-Zn tailings, efficiently solve the pollution problem that mine tailing heavy metal is brought, simultaneously because containing weight in Pb-Zn tailings
Metallic element, institute is in case ray performance is more superior.Therefore, have great importance from the point of view of economy and environment double angle,
With good application value.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of radiation shield concrete with Pb-Zn tailings as raw material and preparation method thereof.
The radiation shield concrete for being obtained than other radiation shield concrete products can shield well α, β, gamma-rays and
Neutron ray, cracking resistance and superior in durability, preparation method are simple, and the Pb-Zn tailings for being used can replace natural ore deposit
Masonry is aggregate, low cost, and with good economic benefit and environmental benefit, application prospect is good.
To achieve the above object, the present invention is adopted the following technical scheme that：
A kind of radiation shield concrete with Pb-Zn tailings as raw material, by weight, including following raw material：Water 145 ~ 180
Weight portion, the weight portion of Binder Materials 350 ~ 630, the weight portion of fine aggregate 700 ~ 800, the weight portion of coarse aggregate 1000 ~ 1500, water reducer
2.2 ~ 7.8 weight portions, the weight portion of steel fibre 35 ~ 75；Described coarse aggregate is made up of Pb-Zn tailings and barite, and described is thin
Aggregate is Pb-Zn tailings by ball milling 2h, excessively the Pb-Zn tailings powder obtained by 300 mesh sieves.
In described coarse aggregate, Pb-Zn tailings and mixing with mass ratio for barite are 1:（0.2~3.0）.
Described Pb-Zn tailings include following component：SiO250 ~ 55 wt %, CaO 15 ~ 23 wt %, Fe2O3 13~18
Wt %, Al2O310 ~ 15 0.81 ~ 1.86 0.40 ~ 0.86 0.44 ~ 0.52 wt % of wt %, BaO of wt %, ZnO of wt %, PbO.
Described water reducer is polycarboxylic acid series high efficiency water reducing agent.
Described Binder Materials its raw material composition is：The cement of 200 ~ 300 weight portions, the silicon ash of 20 ~ 50 weight portions and 30 ~
The flyash of 60 weight portions.
Described cement is 42.5 grades of Portland cements.
A kind of preparation method of the radiation shield concrete with Pb-Zn tailings as raw material as described above, comprises the following steps that：
（1）By Binder Materials, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate and steel fibre according to proportioning add concrete mixer in, machinery
2 ~ 3min of stirring, compound is obtained after stirring；
（2）To step（1）Water reducer and water, 2 ~ 3min of mechanical agitation is proportionally added to stir in the compound of middle gained
Mixture paste is obtained after mixing uniformly, mixture paste injection mould is carried out into shaping of vibrating, maintenance obtains final product radiation shield concrete.
Radiation shield concrete prepared by the present invention, its radiation proof function is mainly based upon aggregate radiation proof：In radiation proof
Aggregate employed in concrete preparation process is Pb-Zn tailings, many heavy metal elements is contained in Pb-Zn tailings, such as：Mg、Ti、
Fe, Co and Pb etc., the density of these heavy metals are larger, compact structure.It is first when radiation source radiates α, β, γ and neutron ray
The relative atomic mass that contains in first aggregate heavy metal element high can effectively attenuation ray spread speed so as to gradually
Ground absorbs radiation ray；Secondly, inside concrete also has more chemical combination combination water, including：Free water, the crystallization water, these water
Dividing the absorption of slowing down and slow neutron for fast neutron has good effect, and will not produce Secondary radiation.Meanwhile, lead zinc tail
There is solid phase reaction in the silicoaluminate in ore deposit, make heavy metals immobilization in the crystalline substance of silicoaluminate after cement and water is added
Without dissolution in lattice, it is ensured that prepare environment amenable radiation shield concrete.
The apparent density of the Pb-Zn tailings aggregate that this method is used and the apparent density of Binder Materials matrix are close, mixed
Obvious aggregate sinkage will not be produced in solidifying soil so that the degeee of stratification of concrete is reduced, and is prepared homogeneous
Property good concrete, the concrete can be effectively reduced tearing tendency and the microdefect of concrete so that aggregate distribution is equal
Even, durability enhancing, so as to improve the shielding properties of radiation shield concrete.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
（1）The delamination degree of the radiation shield concrete that the present invention is prepared using Pb-Zn tailings has obtained greatly reducing,
So that the strength character of concrete and endurance quality are strengthened；
（2）The present invention uses Pb-Zn tailings as the raw material of coarse-fine aggregate, both can contain heavy metal element system using it
For shielding properties radiation shield concrete high is gone out, α, β, gamma-rays and neutron ray are shielded well, it is also possible to turn waste into wealth, solve
Certainly mine tailing piles up brought environmental problem；
（3）The present invention prepares the process is simple of radiation shield concrete, Pb-Zn tailings abundance, cost using Pb-Zn tailings
Cheap, application prospect is extensive.
Specific embodiment
For a better understanding of the present invention, with reference to the following examples content that the present invention is furture elucidated, but this hair
It is bright to be not limited solely to the following examples.
Embodiment 1
Choose original according to the raw material proportioning in table 1, Binder Materials, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, steel fibre are added to coagulation
In native mixer, dry mixing 3min adds water reducer and water, continues to stir 2min, and mixture paste is obtained after stirring, will
Mixture paste injection mould carries out shaping of vibrating, and maintenance obtains final product radiation shield concrete.Its physical property technical indicator, linearly decline
Subtract coefficient and heavy metal ion leaches index and is listed in table 4, table 5 and table 6.
The embodiment 1 of table 1 prepares each material fiting ratio of radiation shield concrete
Wherein cement is 42.5 grades of Portland cement；Fine coal gray density is 0.7g/cm3；The density of silicon ash is
2.1g/cm3~2.3g/cm3；Fine aggregate is Pb-Zn tailings by ball milling 2h, the Pb-Zn tailings powder crossed obtained by 300 mesh sieves；Thick bone
Expect the mixture for Pb-Zn tailings and barite, Pb-Zn tailings and mixing with mass ratio for barite are 1:0.5；Water reducer is poly-
High Efficient Diswater.
Embodiment 2
Choose original according to the raw material proportioning in table 2, Binder Materials, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, steel fibre are added to coagulation
In native mixer, dry mixing 3min adds water reducer and water, continues to stir 2min, and mixture paste is obtained after stirring, will
Mixture paste injection mould carries out shaping of vibrating, and maintenance obtains final product radiation shield concrete.Its physical property technical indicator, linearly decline
Subtract coefficient and heavy metal ion leaches index and is listed in table 4, table 5 and table 6.
The embodiment 2 of table 2 prepares each material fiting ratio of radiation shield concrete
Wherein cement is 42.5 grades of Portland cement；Fine coal gray density is 0.7g/cm3；The density of silicon ash is
2.1g/cm3~2.3g/cm3；Fine aggregate is Pb-Zn tailings by ball milling 2h, the Pb-Zn tailings powder crossed obtained by 300 mesh sieves；Thick bone
Expect the mixture for Pb-Zn tailings and barite, Pb-Zn tailings and mixing with mass ratio for barite are 1:1；Water reducer is poly- carboxylic
Sour series high-efficiency water-reducing agent.
Embodiment 3
Choose original according to the raw material proportioning in table 3, Binder Materials, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate, steel fibre are added to coagulation
Dry mixing 2min in native mixer, adds water reducer and water, continues to stir 3min, and mixture paste is obtained after stirring, will
Mixture paste injection mould carries out shaping of vibrating, and maintenance obtains final product radiation shield concrete.Its physical property technical indicator, linearly decline
Subtract coefficient and heavy metal ion leaches index and is listed in table 4, table 5 and table 6.
The embodiment 3 of table 3 prepares each material fiting ratio of radiation shield concrete
Wherein cement is 42.5 grades of Portland cement；Fine coal gray density is 0.7g/cm3；The density of silicon ash is
2.1g/cm3~2.3g/cm3；Fine aggregate is Pb-Zn tailings by ball milling 2h, the Pb-Zn tailings powder crossed obtained by 300 mesh sieves；Thick bone
Expect the mixture for Pb-Zn tailings and barite, Pb-Zn tailings and mixing with mass ratio for barite are 1:2；Water reducer is poly- carboxylic
Sour series high-efficiency water-reducing agent.
The physical property technical indicator of the radiation shield concrete of 4 embodiment of table 1 ~ 3
Table 4 illustrates that the radiation shield concrete items physical prepared by the inventive method is functional, and homogeneity is high,
With good service behaviour.
The linear attenuation coefficient of the radiation shield concrete of 5 embodiment of table 1 ~ 3（cm-1）
（* ：Neutron data A.S.MAKARIOUS, I.I.BASHTERZ, A.EL-SAVED ABDO M.SAMIR
ABDELAZIM and W.A.KANSOUH, On the utilization of heavy concrete for radiation
Shielding. Ann. Nucl. Energy Vol.23, No.3,195-206,1996；Gamma-rays data Faculty of
Science, Zagazig University, Zagazig, Egypt. calculation of radiation
attention coefficients for shielding concretes. Ann. Nucl. Eherev.Vol.24,
No.17, 1389-1401.1997）
Table 5 illustrates, radiation shield concrete prepared by embodiment 1 ~ 3 is linear to the gamma-rays of varying strength and neutron ray
Damped expoential is significantly better than external performance indications, with good shielding property.
The radiation shield concrete heavy metal ion of 6 embodiment of table 1 ~ 3 leaches index
Table 6 illustrates that the heavy metal ion leaching concentration of the radiation shield concrete prepared by embodiment 1 ~ 3 meets
GB5085.3-2007《Hazardous waste judging standard-leaching characteristic identification》Requirement.
Each specific raw material cited by the present invention, and each raw material bound, interval value, and technological parameter is upper
Lower limit, interval value can realize the present invention, embodiment numerous to list herein, and it should all belong to covering scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of radiation shield concrete with Pb-Zn tailings as raw material, it is characterised in that：By weight, including following raw material：
The weight portion of water 170, the weight portion of Binder Materials 380, the weight portion of fine aggregate 750, the weight portion of coarse aggregate 1420, the weight of water reducer 7.0
Part, the weight portion of steel fibre 35；Described coarse aggregate is made up of Pb-Zn tailings and barite, and described fine aggregate is Pb-Zn tailings
By ball milling 2h, the Pb-Zn tailings powder obtained by 300 mesh sieves is crossed；In described coarse aggregate, Pb-Zn tailings and mixing for barite are matched somebody with somebody
Mass ratio is 1:0.5；Described Binder Materials its raw material composition is：The cement of 300 weight portions, the silicon ash of 40 weight portions and
The flyash of 40 weight portions；Described Pb-Zn tailings include following component：SiO250 ~ 55 15 ~ 23 wt % of wt %, CaO,
Fe2O313 ~ 18 wt %, Al2O310 ~ 15 wt %, PbO 0.81 ~ 1.86 wt %, ZnO 0.40 ~ 0.86 wt %, BaO
0.44~0.52 wt %。
2. the radiation shield concrete with Pb-Zn tailings as raw material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described diminishing
Agent is polycarboxylic acid series high efficiency water reducing agent.
3. the radiation shield concrete with Pb-Zn tailings as raw material according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Described cement
It is 42.5 grades of Portland cements.
4. a kind of preparation method of the radiation shield concrete with Pb-Zn tailings as raw material as claimed in claim 1, its feature exists
In：Comprise the following steps that：
（1）By Binder Materials, coarse aggregate, fine aggregate and steel fibre according to proportioning add concrete mixer in, mechanical agitation 2
~ 3min, compound is obtained after stirring；
（2）To step（1）Water reducer and water are proportionally added in the compound of middle gained, 2 ~ 3min of mechanical agitation, stirring is equal
Mixture paste is obtained after even, mixture paste injection mould is carried out into shaping of vibrating, maintenance obtains final product radiation shield concrete.
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| CN108609920A (en) * | 2016-12-12 | 2018-10-02 | 深圳中广核工程设计有限公司 | High temperature resistant radiation resistance concrete |
| CN108424107B (en) * | 2018-04-03 | 2020-11-06 | 济南大学 | Radiation-proof concrete |
| CN109231932A (en) * | 2018-10-16 | 2019-01-18 | 成都宏基建材股份有限公司 | A kind of barium aluminate cement base radiation shield concrete and preparation method thereof |
| CN109231931A (en) * | 2018-10-16 | 2019-01-18 | 成都宏基建材股份有限公司 | A kind of aluminous cement base radiation shield concrete and preparation method thereof |
| CN109320159A (en) * | 2018-10-16 | 2019-02-12 | 成都宏基建材股份有限公司 | A kind of low heat micro expanding cement base radiation shield concrete and preparation method thereof |
| CN109231920A (en) * | 2018-10-16 | 2019-01-18 | 成都宏基建材股份有限公司 | A kind of C20 ordinary portland cement base radiation shield concrete and preparation method thereof |
| CN110616324A (en) * | 2019-04-11 | 2019-12-27 | 苏州重于山新材料科技有限公司 | Method for extracting silver from silver-containing lead-zinc tailings and utilizing waste residues of silver |
| CN110204276A (en) * | 2019-05-31 | 2019-09-06 | 南京坤元材料有限公司 | A kind of radiation protection air entrained concrete containing Pb-Zn tailings |
| CN111170683A (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2020-05-19 | 北京城建亚泰金砼混凝土有限公司 | Radiation-proof concrete and production process thereof |
| CN111495938B (en) * | 2020-05-07 | 2021-07-09 | 南华大学 | Preparation process for preparing radiation-proof mortar by using lead-zinc tailing sand |
| CN111718163A (en) * | 2020-05-14 | 2020-09-29 | 福建省阳山新型建材有限公司 | Porous energy-saving environment-friendly brick made of iron ore tailings and preparation method thereof |
| CN112979247A (en) * | 2021-03-19 | 2021-06-18 | 杭州华杰商品混凝土有限公司 | Anti-radiation concrete based on barite |
| CN113493338A (en) * | 2021-07-14 | 2021-10-12 | 北京荣露材料科技有限公司 | Geopolymer modified phosphogypsum building material and preparation method thereof |
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