A kind of processing method of dangerous waste percolate
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of wastewater treatment, especially a kind of processing method of dangerous waste percolate, belong to environment skill
Art field.
Background technology
Hazardous waste percolate is because the extruding of landfill heap body, rainwater leaching or groundwater erosion produce in dangerous waste landfill yard
Sewage, wherein containing a large amount of polluters, environment is caused potentially to threaten.
Conventional leachate processing method includes:Biochemical treatment, chemical oxidation treatment, recharge processing, film process and evaporation
Concentration.Often contain from industries such as plating, agricultural chemicals, petrochemical industry and fine chemistry industries in the hazardous waste of dangerous waste landfill yard landfill
All kinds of organic and inorganic pollution, such as:Ammonia nitrogen, heavy metal ion, high poison organic matter, salinity and cyanide etc..Therefore it is percolated
Liquid biodegradability extreme difference, it is difficult to handled using biochemical and recharge method;Chemical oxidization method processing needs to consume largely
Chemical reagent, the hydrogen peroxide as commonly used in Fenton process is expensive, and processing cost is high;Membrane processing method is to consumer waste infiltration liquid
Treatment effect is good, but more, the more complicated dangerous waste percolate of heavy metal ion can not be applicable;Conventional evaporation concentration method obtains
To condensate liquid in often contain ammonia nitrogen, it is necessary to further handle after could qualified discharge, this has undoubtedly aggravated cost of disposal significantly.
Chinese patent CN103880245A (application numbers:201410103203.3) describe a kind of landfill leachate treatment side
Method, this method is reclaimed by high-efficiency dissolued-air air supporting and molecular sieve to ammonia nitrogen in percolate, while improves percolate
Biodegradability energy, then percolate is handled by biochemical method.The not high life of this method heavy metal ion, salinity
Percolate is relatively applicable;Chinese patent CN102040309A (application numbers:200910236073.X) illustrate a kind of city
Rubbish percolation liquid membrane goes out the processing group technology of concentrated liquid, and the technique includes coagulating sedimentation, photoelectricity oxidation and oxidation and inhaled
The units such as attached filtering.COD, heavy metal ion, effect are removed using techniques such as photoelectricity oxidation and oxidation-adsorptions after coagulation operation
Well;Chinese patent CN103253836A (application numbers:201310226537.5) elaborate a kind of percolate deep purifying
Processing unit and method, by membrane bioreactor to remove the organic matter and solid particle in the percolate, then it is right
Percolate carries out coagulation to carry out counter-infiltration and removes ion in the water outlet again.Three above invention heavy metal, salinity isoconcentration
Higher, the dangerous waste percolate of biodegradability extreme difference is difficult to tell on.
The content of the invention
The shortcomings that for above-mentioned prior art, the invention provides a kind for the treatment of effect it is more preferable, do not produce secondary pollution
The processing method of dangerous waste percolate.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is:A kind of processing method of dangerous waste percolate, specific bag
Include following steps:
1. adding alkaline matter into dangerous waste percolate, stir, it is 10~11 to make pH value;
2. adding coagulant and flocculant into the material after step 1. middle alkali tune, stir, percolate is produced wadding
Shape sediment, and be layered, form mud mixture;
3. carrying out mud-water separation to the mud mixture in 2. with mud and water separating equipment, supernatant liquor and sludge are collected;
4. under normal temperature condition, when pH value is 10 or so to 3. middle liquid row stripping, until ammonia nitrogen value is near in liquid
Below 30mg/L;Stripping tail gas is reclaimed with absorbing liquid simultaneously;
5. under the conditions of pH value is 11 or so, the material complete to 4. middle stripping is evaporated concentration, the in line sewage of condensate liquid
Factory's adapter mouth;
6. being concentrated by evaporation to percolate and 3. middle sludge liquid solidifying, firming body returns to landfill yard landfill.
Preferably, described alkaline matter is pulverized limestone.
Preferably, described coagulant is aluminium chloride (PAC).
Preferably, described flocculant is polyacrylamide (PAM).
Preferably, the step 1. the middle dangerous waste percolate used be dangerous waste landfill yard percolate, wherein except containing
Also contain more than substantial amounts of heavy metal ion, salinity, cyanide and the class of high poison organic matter two or two classes beyond a large amount of ammonia nitrogens, and contain
Amount is more than GB8978-1996《Integrated wastewater discharge standard》Grade III Standard and CJ 3082-1999《Sewage is discharged into municipal sewage system
Water standard》Middle associated emissions limit value, biodegradability extreme difference;The hazardous waste of landfill includes from petrochemical industry, electroplates, becomes more meticulous
The industrial residu and waste material of the industries such as work, incineration firing, pharmacy.
Preferably, the mass concentration of the step 2. middle aluminium chloride is:5-10%, aluminium chloride are percolated after adding
Coagulant addition is in liquid:30-50mg/L;The mass concentration of polyacrylamide is 0.1-0.5%, after polyacrylamide adds
Coagulant addition is in percolate:1-10mg/L;It is specific to need to test determination.
Preferably, the step 3. middle mud and water separating equipment can be plate and frame filter press, belt filter press, sedimentation basin, overflow
Flow pond etc..
Preferably, the step 4. in stripping tower of the stripping equipment that uses of stripping for device for absorbing tail gas, stripping pond
Deng.
Preferably, the step 4. in absorbing liquid be mineral acid absorbing liquid.
Preferably, the step 5. in the evaporation equipment that uses of evaporation and concentration for all kinds of evaporators;It is concentrated by evaporation to original
The 1/3-1/10 of volume.
Preferably, the step 5. in condensate liquid meet GB8978-1996《Integrated wastewater discharge standard》Grade III Standard
With CJ 3082-1999《Sewage is discharged into municipal sewage system water standard》The requirement of middle associated emissions limit value.
The associated emissions limit value of table 1
Preferably, the step 6. in percolate is concentrated by evaporation and 3. method that middle sludge liquid is solidified can use
Chinese patent CN104496139A (application numbers:CN201510000052.3), CN104475431A (application numbers:
) and CN 104070052A (application numbers CN201510000055.7:CN201410296106.0 there is disclosed method in).
The present invention has positive effect:
(1) present invention separates ammonia nitrogen, by organic matter, a huge sum of money when handling dangerous waste percolate from percolate
Category and salinity are retained in concentrate and finally solidification landfill had both made discharge of wastewater index reach requirement, also make each type organic
Secondary pollution is not produced, environmental benefit is good.
(2) present invention is pre-processed using the method for flocculation to percolate, is reduced heavy metal ion, organic matter and is hanged
The concentration of floating particles thing.
(3) present invention carries out stripping under the conditions of pH value is 10-11 to dangerous waste percolate first before evaporation and concentration, this guarantor
Demonstrate,proved that organic matter is non-volatile or few volatilization and ammonia farthest removes, make in tail gas organic matter reduce to greatest extent and
Ammonia nitrogen qualified discharge in condensate liquid;Concentration is evaporated to percolate when pH value is 11, it reduce organic matter in condensate liquid
Content.
(4) present invention is reclaimed when carrying out stripping to dangerous waste percolate to tail gas ammonia, there is certain economic benefit.
(5) the inventive method is adapted to the processing of most dangerous waste landfill percolate, and promoted extension is wide.
Present invention process realizes the minimizing of dangerous waste percolate, innoxious and recycling to greatest extent, and process is not made
Into the loss of heavy metal ion, high poison organic matter and salinity, secondary pollution is not produced, load impact is not caused to subsequent treatment,
It is the good method of dangerous waste percolate processing.
Brief description of the drawings:
Fig. 1 is the process chart of the present invention.
Embodiment:
As shown in Figure 1:A kind of processing method of dangerous waste percolate, specifically includes following steps:
1. adding lime into dangerous waste percolate, stir, it is 10~11 to make pH value;
2. adding coagulant PAC and flocculant PAM into the material after step 1. middle alkali tune, stir, make percolate
Flocky precipitate is produced, and is layered;
3. carrying out mud-water separation to 2. middle mud mixture with mud and water separating equipment, supernatant liquor and sludge are collected;
4. under normal temperature condition, stripping is carried out to 3. middle percolate when pH value is 10 or so, until ammonia nitrogen value in percolate
Near below 30mg/L;Stripping tail gas is reclaimed with absorbing liquid simultaneously.
5. under the conditions of pH value is 11 or so, the material complete to 4. middle stripping is evaporated concentration, the in line sewage of condensate liquid
Factory's adapter mouth;
6. being concentrated by evaporation to percolate and 3. middle sludge liquid solidifying, firming body returns to landfill yard landfill.
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment processing is certain dangerous waste landfill percolate, and landfill dangerous waste is mainly plating of the surface containing a large amount of greases
Sludge, wherein pH are that 7.86, COD concentration is 21983mg/L, ammonia nitrogen concentration 2341mg/L, and copper content is in heavy metal index
342mg/L, nickel content 152mg/L, other indexs reach GB8978-1996《Integrated wastewater discharge standard》Grade III Standard and CJ
3082-1999《Sewage is discharged into municipal sewage system water standard》The requirement of middle associated emissions limit value.
The dangerous waste leachate processing method of the present embodiment comprises the following steps:
1. adding 40g pulverized limestones into 2L percolates, stir, pH value 10.85;
2. the coagulant PAC2ml that concentration is 5%, percolate after PAC is added are added into the material after step 1. middle alkali tune
Middle coagulant addition is:50mg/L;The flocculant PAM 4ml of concentration 0.5% are added, coagulant in percolate after PAM is added
Addition is:10mg/L, stir, after standing 15min, percolate layering is good;
3. simulating dewaterer by Buchner funnel to 2. middle mud mixture carries out mud-water separation, supernatant liquor and dirt are collected
Mud;
4. under normal temperature condition, stripping experiment is carried out using air pump and aeration head and self-control stripping bottle simulation stripping pond,
Control ph is 10 or so, and when stripping time is 18min, ammonia nitrogen value is 23mg/L in percolate;It is with 50ml concentration simultaneously
1mol/L sulfuric acid reclaims as absorbing liquid to stripping tail gas, the saturation after repeatedly absorbing, and COD concentration is in absorbing liquid
136mg/L is cleaner.Using absorbing liquid as landfill yard vegetation ammonia Fertilizer application, work well.
5. when pH value is 11, it is evaporated using electric furnace and big flask simulation the evaporator material complete to 4. middle stripping dense
Contracting, analyze index of correlation content in condensate liquid;Experiment finds when concentrated leachate volume is 415ml occur in bottle a large amount of
Solid sediment, cause bottom of bottle uneven heating, " bumping " phenomenon of appearance, although now appointing in bottle has a small amount of liquid,
Concentration operation can not be evaporated, now the volume of concentrate is the 21% of percolate, evaporation time about 70min.
Analyze condensate liquid to find, its pH value is 10.8, and ammonia-nitrogen content 5mg/L, COD content are 214mg/L, and heavy metal is not
Detection, meets emission request, can directly discharge.
6. taking evaporation concentrated solution and the common 0.5kg of flocculation sludge, sodium sulfide solution 20ml is added, is stirred;Add ripe
Lime powder 100g, persistently stirs;Gesso 450g is then slowly added into, is stirred to material shape glomeration particulate matter;
Above-mentioned material is spontaneously dried into solidification 1 day, takes bisphenol A-type (trade mark E-44) epoxy resin 40mL to be mixed with globular material, makes ring
Oxygen tree fat uniformly coats material;Epoxy curing agent 10mL is then added, now material becomes sticky immediately;Material is put into
In length of side 0.15m cement specimen mold, firming body is placed into 2-3 angel's particle outer layer epoxy resin completion of cures after the demoulding.
Firming body Leaching is analyzed, discovery complies fully with requirement, and firming body can be filled directly.
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment processing is another dangerous waste landfill percolate, and landfill dangerous waste is mainly arsenic slag, flying ash and change
Work rectification residue, wherein pH are that 8,76, COD concentration are 11452mg/L, ammonia nitrogen concentration 1385mg/L, arsenic in heavy metal index
Content is 12mg/L, cadmium content 3mg/L, and other indexs reach GB8978-1996《Integrated wastewater discharge standard》Grade III Standard
With CJ 3082-1999《Sewage is discharged into municipal sewage system water standard》The requirement of middle associated emissions limit value.
The dangerous waste leachate processing method of the present embodiment is same as Example 1, and difference is:
1. step adds pulverized limestone 20g, after stirring, pH value 10.54;
Step is 4. when stripping time is 14min, and ammonia nitrogen value is 18mg/L in percolate;COD concentration is in absorbing liquid
152mg/L。
5. step stops concentration when concentrated leachate volume is 500ml, now the volume of concentrate is the 27% of percolate,
Evaporation time about 60min.
Analyze condensate liquid to find, its pH value is 10.5, and ammonia-nitrogen content 3mg/L, COD content are 265mg/L, and heavy metal is not
Detection, meets emission request, can directly discharge.
Leaching is carried out to sludge and the firming body of evaporation concentrated solution to analyze, discovery complies fully with requirement, solidifies
Body can be filled directly.
Embodiment 3
The present embodiment processing is another batch of percolate of dangerous waste landfill yard in embodiment 1, and landfill dangerous waste is mainly electroplated dirty
Mud, agricultural chemicals waste, phosphatization slag etc., wherein pH are that 9.41, COD concentration is 13651mg/L, ammonia nitrogen concentration 1689mg/L, a huge sum of money
Zn content is 113mg/L in category index, and copper content 94mg/L, other indexs reach GB8978-1996《Integrated wastewater discharge mark
It is accurate》Grade III Standard and CJ 3082-1999《Sewage is discharged into municipal sewage system water standard》The requirement of middle associated emissions limit value.
The dangerous waste leachate processing method of the present embodiment is same as Example 1, and difference is:
1. step adds pulverized limestone 10g, and after stirring, pH value 9.93;
Step is 4. when stripping time is 15min, and ammonia nitrogen value is 22mg/L in percolate;COD concentration is in absorbing liquid
191mg/L。
5. step stops concentration when concentrated leachate volume is 360ml, now the volume of concentrate is the 18% of percolate,
Evaporation time about 85min.
Analyze condensate liquid to find, its pH value is 10.6, and ammonia-nitrogen content 4mg/L, COD content are 315mg/L, and heavy metal is not
Detection, meets emission request, can directly discharge.
Leaching is carried out to sludge and the firming body of evaporation concentrated solution to analyze, discovery complies fully with requirement, solidifies
Body can be filled directly.