CN103787558A - Heavy metal stabilizer used for sludge treatment, and method for treating sludge by adopting it - Google Patents
Heavy metal stabilizer used for sludge treatment, and method for treating sludge by adopting it Download PDFInfo
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- CN103787558A CN103787558A CN201210430566.9A CN201210430566A CN103787558A CN 103787558 A CN103787558 A CN 103787558A CN 201210430566 A CN201210430566 A CN 201210430566A CN 103787558 A CN103787558 A CN 103787558A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a heavy metal stabilizer used for sludge treatment. The stabilizer comprises, by weight, 30-90 parts of inorganic powder, 0.1-20 parts of sulfide, 0.1-20 parts of organic chelate, 0.1-20 parts of an amide chemical substance, and 0.1-20 parts of an organic flocculating agent. The stabilizer is used for treating sludge, especially low-content sludge or sludge containing a plurality of heavy metals, the content of heavy metals in a leachate of heavy metals in the sludge immobilized and stabilized by the heavy metal stabilizer is far lower than Chinese standards, the stabilized sludge can be locally embedded or applied to roadbeds, greening, soil covering, ecologic restoration and the like, and the stablizer can effectively solve the problem of difficult treatment of the heavy metal sludge, causes no secondary pollution to the environment, can realize an efficient, reasonable, environmentally-friendly and economic treatment technology, and can be widely applied to sludge treatment. The stabilizer has the characteristics of cheap and easily available raw materials, simple technology and apparatus, small investment, easy operation and the like, and has a high economic benefit. The invention also provides a method for treating sludge by adopting the heavy metal stabilizer.
Description
[technical field]
The present invention relates to field of environment protection, relate in particular to a kind of sludge treatment heavy metal stabilizer and adopt the method for heavy metal in this heavy metal stabilizer lignin-sludge.
[background technology]
In the mud that sewage work produces in sewage treatment process, contain plurality of heavy metal, if dealt with improperly, the heavy metal contaminants in mud can enter soil, migration or diffusion in environment, harm humans and other biological safety.
The method of the heavy metal in disposing sludge has separation method and curing at present.Separation method mainly contains and adopts fractionation, bioleaching method, phytoremediation or biosorption process that heavy metal contaminants is separated out from mud, and it is separated with mud, reaches the object of decontamination, and separation method cost is high, is difficult to extensive use.Curing is, by physics, chemistry or biological mode, the heavy metal in mud is cured to stabilization, adds in solidifying agent and mud, makes it become the process of flowable not or formation solid, reduces its environment activity and carrys out pollution abatement.
Traditional heavy metals immobilization is processed main employing soil solidification method, vitrifying, leaching method, is washed the physico-chemical process such as local method, electrochemical process, wherein solidification method is fixed on heavy metal in mud, by physics, chemistry or biological mode, the heavy metal in mud is carried out to stabilization solidification treatment, add auxiliary agent in mud, it is become can not flow or form solid, thereby reduce the pollution that it brings environment, the curing adopting at present mainly comprises that cement solidification, lime solidify, thermoplasticity is solidified, melting and solidification, from cementation solidifying etc.Conventional solidifying agent has cement, pitch, glass, water glass etc.The shortcoming of these methods is that the mud after solidification treatment can not use as soil, has destroyed the fundamental property of the soil such as structure, water-permeable, ventilation property of mud, is that mud sclerosis is hardened, and has increased other cured articles, and sludge volume is increased.
There is following shortcoming at present above various disposal heavy metal methods: the separation method of employing is as biological process, electrochemical method etc., raw material costliness, equipment complexity, cost is high, be difficult to extensive use, and the physical chemistry, the electrochemical method that use often can cause again the pollution again to soil to the repair process of heavy-metal contaminated soil; The material source of the curing adopting is single, be mostly gelling material cement, pitch, glass, water glass etc., mud alkalescence is strengthened, sclerosis is hardened, spoiled soil ecotope, cause Soil structure lose, biological activity of soil decline and soil fertility degeneration, be unfavorable for plant-growth, often need secondary to process again, complex process; In addition the hypertonicity of traditional solidification matrix such as cement, pitch, high-voidage are as poor in solidification effects such as lead, mercury, chromium to part heavy metal.
[summary of the invention]
The shortcoming existing when solving heavy metal in existing solidification method lignin-sludge, the invention provides a kind of heavy metal stabilizer for sludge treatment and adopts the method for this heavy metal stabilizer lignin-sludge.
Sludge treatment heavy metal stabilizer of the present invention, its each composition weight proportioning is as follows: 30～90 parts of inorganic powders; O.1～20 parts, sulfide; Organic chelate O.1,--20 parts; O.1～20 parts of amidess; 0.1～20 part of organic floculant.
Preferably, described inorganic powder is hydroxyapatite, calcium-base bentonite, sodium bentonite, rock phosphate ore, calcium oxide powder, calcium hydroxide powder, CaO
2in a kind of or combination.
Preferably, described sulfide is potassium sulphide, sodium sulphite, ammonium sulfide, sulfurated lime, Sulfothiorine, Sodium sulfhydrate, potassium bisulfide, Na
2s
4in a kind of or combination.
Preferably, described organic chelate is 7, a kind of or its combination in-amine tetraacethyl and sodium salt thereof, ethylene diaminetetraacetic acid and sodium salt thereof, diethylenediamine pentaacetic acid and sodium salt thereof.
Preferably, described amides is a kind of or its combination in acrylamide, carboxamide, carbonyl diamine, carbamyl amine.
Preferably, described organic floculant is a kind of or its combination of high polymer polyacrylamide flocculation agent, polymeric polycarboxylic acid flocculation agent, polyacrylamide modified flocculant, natural organic high-molecular flocculant and microbial flocculant.
A kind of method that adopts heavy metal stabilizer lignin-sludge, it is characterized in that: comprise the following steps: (1) takes after inorganic powder, sulfide, organic chelate, amides by preset proportion, be placed in agitator and be stirred to and mix, obtain heavy metal stabilizer.(2) take with respect to the heavy metal stabilizer of mud gross weight 0.01～10% and after it is all added in mud, be placed in agitator and be stirred to and mix.(3) mud is spread out to natural drying maintenance.
Heavy metal in heavy metal stabilizer lignin-sludge of the present invention, can control the oxidation/reduction electromotive force of Heavy Metals in Sludge, generate the metallochemistry thing that can not separate out under stable normality, as sulfide precipitation, precipitation of hydroxide, oxide precipitation, inorganic complex, organic complex and coprecipitate etc.Compared with prior art, heavy metal stabilizer wide material sources of the present invention, cost is low, is easy to scale operation, has technique, equipment is simple, invests littlely, and the features such as easy handling, have high economic benefit; Adopt the mud acid-basicity after curing stabilizer treatment of the present invention moderate, landfill or be applied to roadbed, greening, earthing, restoration of the ecosystem etc. on the spot, effectively solve heavy metal sewage sludge and dispose difficult problem, environment is not caused to secondary pollution, be a kind of efficient, rationally, the treatment process of environmental protection, economic Heavy Metals in Sludge, be widely used in during sludge treatment disposes; The standard that after solidification and stabilization, the leach liquor heavy metal content of Heavy Metals in Sludge utilizes well below State owned land.
[embodiment]
Sludge treatment of the present invention is as follows by each component in heavy metal stabilizer and weight proportion: 30～90 parts of inorganic powders; 0.1～20 part, sulfide: O.1～20 parts of organic chelates; Amides chemicals 0.1,--20 parts; O.1～20 parts of organic floculants.
Wherein, described inorganic powder is a kind of or combination in hydroxyapatite, calcium-base bentonite, sodium bentonite, phosphate ores, calcium oxide powder, calcium hydroxide powder, inorganic powder is a kind of passivator, can effectively reduce the content of Heavy Metals in Sludge available state.
Hydroxyapatite can effectively increase settling absorption property and absorption avidity: 1. hydroxyapatite can discharge po by solvency action
n 3-, and P0
4 3-cause the absorption of heavy metal cation to strengthen Deng the electrical increase of negatively charged ion; 2. heavy metal cation and H
2p0
4 -absorption is carried out coprecipitation reaction and is become new negatively charged ion; 3. heavy metal cation and phosphatic rock mineral surface group form complex compound; 4. the Ca in heavy metal cation and hydroxyapatite
2+carry out ion-exchange and be adsorbed on hydroxyapatite surface, the very little Pb of solvability of generation
lo(P0
4)
6(OH)
2, be therefore adsorbed in the pb in hydroxyapatite
2+be difficult for desorb, stabilising effect is better.
CaO, Ca0
2compound is all basic cpd, and they react with water and produce OH
-ion, rises bed mud pH, and under lower lime level, in mud, organic main functional group hydroxyl and carboxyl and clay mineral surface hydroxyl are all and OH
-reaction, increases bed mud surface variable charge, thereby has reduced the obligate ratio of adsorption of bed mud heavy metal.In this course, OH
-with C0
2, reaction generates C0
3 2-, and carbonate can generate with heavy metal ion the carbonate of indissoluble, lime can generate oxyhydroxide by heavy metal ion hydrolysis in bed mud on the other hand, has strengthened stabilized metal is turned into use.
Main component montmorillonite in wilkinite has unique crystalline structure, makes it have good exchangeability and Selective adsorption to heavy metal ion.’‘
The adsorbable heavy metal in phosphate mineral surface, and phosphoric acid salt and heavy metal generation mineral precipitation and phosphoric acid salt.
Wherein, described sulfide is potassium sulphide, sodium sulphite, ammonium sulfide, sulfurated lime, Sulfothiorine, Sodium sulfhydrate, potassium bisulfide, Na
2s
4in a kind of or combination.Sulfide can with the composition such as mud, soil fixing and stable metal class material energetically, and be wrapped in the composite crystalline structure that mud has, thereby strengthened solidifying stable effect; The existence of vitriol can promote heavy metal to change to stable oxide morphology; Na
2s can react with heavy metal ion the sulfide that generates indissoluble; Heavy metal ion increases with the rising of pH value in the adsorption rate of ferric sulfate oxide surface, ferric sulfate oxide compound counterweight metal has stronger exclusive chemisorption, the heavy metal contaminants of some oppositely charged can be with its co-precipitation on the surface of ferriferous oxide, by chelatropic reaction and S
2-generate difficulty soluble salt and can play fixed action.
Wherein, described organic chelate is a kind of or its combination in edta and its sodium salt, ethylene diaminetetraacetic acid and sodium salt thereof, diethylenediamine pentaacetic acid and sodium salt thereof.Organic chelate counterweight metal has very strong sequestering action, thereby prevents that metal ion from migrating.
Wherein, described amides is a kind of or its combination of acrylamide, carboxamide, carbonyl diamine, carbamyl amine.Amides be mainly with mud in contained cupric ion, calcium ion and cobalt ion effect, acid amides chemicals add the ion reaction that plays obvious inhibition cupric ion, reduced the katalysis to Dioxins of cupric ion, calcium ion and cobalt ion.
Wherein, described organic floculant is a kind of or its combination of high polymer polyacrylamide flocculation agent, polymeric polycarboxylic acid flocculation agent, polyacrylamide modified flocculant, natural organic high-molecular flocculant and microbial flocculant.Organic floculant can be combined with heavy metal, forms ion centered by heavy metal ion, and the combination take organic active group as ligand or sulfonium ion and heavy metal generate the combination state that is insoluble in water, plays the effect of fixing heavy metal.
The method that adopts heavy metal stabilizer lignin-sludge of the present invention, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
(1) take after inorganic powder, sulfide, organic chelate, acylamide polymer by preset proportion, be placed in agitator and be stirred to and mix, obtain heavy metal stabilizer.
(2) take with respect to the heavy metal stabilizer of mud gross weight 0.01-10% and after it is all added in mud, be placed in agitator and be stirred to and mix.
(3) mud is spread out to natural drying maintenance.
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention will be further described.In following examples, leach (TCLP) method according to the solid waste toxicity of Environmental Protection Agency; measure the content of Heavy Metals in Sludge after treatment by the different Leaching of Heavy Metals method of the potential of hydrogen of sample employing different from buffering capacity; this numerical value is less; the more difficult leaching of heavy metal is described; wherein, heavy metal content represents with the wonderful L of m.Concrete measuring method is: in the time that sample pH value is less than 5, add reagent 1 (5.7mL Glacial acetic acid is joined in 500mL distilled water, then add the NaOH solution of 64.3mL1mol/L, being settled to 1L with distilled water, to make pH be 4.93 ± 0.05); In the time that sample pH value is greater than 5, add reagent 2 (5.7mL Glacial acetic acid distilled water is settled to 1L make pH and be 2.88 ± O.05).The pH 1mol/LHN0 of damping fluid
3solution and 1mol/LNaOH solution regulate, and the mass ratio of damping fluid and sample is 20:1.Mixed solution is with (30 ± 2) r/min (18 ± 2) h that vibrates under normal temperature, centrifugal, filter, then uses the HN0 of 1mol/L
3solution regulates approximately to 2 of leach liquor pH, to preserve for a long time.
Mud of the present invention is taken from Guangdong Province's sewage plant sludge, and through natural air drying, after 3 days, water content is 49.6%.
Embodiment 1
Take 30 parts of hydroxyapatites, 30 parts of wilkinites, 20 parts, calcium oxide, 14 parts, calcium hydroxide, 5 parts, sodium sulphite, 0.5 part of sodium ethylene diamine tetracetate, 0.7 part of carboxamide, 0.8 part of polyacrylamide flocculant, be placed in agitator and be stirred to and mix, obtain heavy metal stabilizer; Take with respect to the heavy metal stabilizer of mud gross weight 5% and after it is all added in mud, be placed in agitator and be stirred to and mix; Mud is spread out to natural drying maintenance.
After 2 days, leach (TCLP) method according to the solid waste toxicity of Environmental Protection Agency, measure the heavy metal content in leach liquor with atomic absorption spectrophotometer, in table 1, listed test result.
Embodiment 2
Take 60 parts of hydroxyapatites, 5 parts of calcium peroxides, 12 parts, calcium oxide, 14 parts, calcium hydroxide, 5 parts of sulfurated limes, 1.5 parts of sodium ethylene diamine tetracetates, 1.7 parts of carbonyl diamines, 1.8 parts of polyacrylamide flocculants, be placed in agitator and be stirred to and mix, obtain heavy metal stabilizer; Take with respect to the heavy metal stabilizer of mud gross weight 5% and after it is all added in mud, be placed in agitator and be stirred to and mix; Mud is spread out to natural drying maintenance.
After 2 days, leach (TCLP) method according to the solid waste toxicity of Environmental Protection Agency, measure the heavy metal content in leach liquor with atomic absorption spectrophotometer, in table 1, listed test result.
Embodiment 3
Take 30 parts, rock phosphate ore, 26 parts of wilkinites, 20 parts, calcium oxide, 14 parts, calcium hydroxide, 5 parts, sodium sulphite, 2.5 parts of sodium ethylene diamine tetracetates, 1.7 parts of carboxamides, 1.8 parts of polyacrylamide flocculants, be placed in agitator and be stirred to and mix, obtain heavy metal stabilizer; Take with respect to the heavy metal stabilizer of mud gross weight 5% and after it is all added in mud, be placed in agitator and be stirred to and mix; Mud is spread out to natural drying maintenance.
After 2 days, leach (TCLP) method according to the solid waste toxicity of Environmental Protection Agency, measure the heavy metal content in leach liquor with atomic absorption spectrophotometer, in table 1, listed test result.
Embodiment 4
Take 26 parts of hydroxyapatites, 30 parts of wilkinites, 20 parts, calcium oxide, 14 parts, calcium hydroxide, 5 parts, sodium sulphite, 1.5 parts of sodium ethylene diamine tetracetates, 0.7 part of carboxamide, 3.8 parts of polyacrylic acid flocculation agents, be placed in agitator and be stirred to and mix, obtain heavy metal stabilizer; Take with respect to the heavy metal stabilizer of mud gross weight 5% and after it is all added in mud, be placed in agitator and be stirred to and mix; Mud is spread out to natural drying maintenance.
After 2 days, leach (TCLP) method according to the solid waste toxicity of Environmental Protection Agency, measure the heavy metal content in leach liquor with atomic absorption spectrophotometer, in table 1, listed test result.
Embodiment 5
Take 30 parts of hydroxyapatites, 25 parts of wilkinites, 20 parts, calcium oxide, 14 parts, calcium hydroxide, 5 parts, sodium sulphite, 2 parts, Sulfothiorine, 1.5 parts of sodium ethylene diamine tetracetates, 0.7 part of carboxamide, 1.8 parts of polyacrylamide flocculants, be placed in agitator and be stirred to and mix, obtain heavy metal stabilizer; Take with respect to the heavy metal stabilizer of mud gross weight 5% and after it is all added in mud, be placed in agitator and be stirred to and mix; Mud is spread out to natural drying maintenance.
After 2 days, leach (TCLP) method according to the solid waste toxicity of Environmental Protection Agency, measure liquid heavy metal content with atomic absorption spectrophotometer, in table l, listed test result.
Embodiment 6
Take 30 parts of hydroxyapatites, 30 parts of wilkinites, 20 parts, calcium oxide, 14 parts, calcium hydroxide, 4.5 parts, sodium sulphite, 0.5 part of sodium ethylene diamine tetracetate, 0.8 part of carboxamide, 1.2 parts of polyacrylamide modified flocculants, be placed in agitator and be stirred to and mix, obtain heavy metal stabilizer; Take with respect to the heavy metal stabilizer of mud gross weight 5% and after it is all added in mud, be placed in agitator and be stirred to and mix; Mud is spread out to natural drying maintenance.
After 2 days, leach (TCLP) method according to the solid waste toxicity of Environmental Protection Agency, measure leach liquor heavy metal content with atomic absorption spectrophotometer, in table 1, listed test result.
Embodiment 7
Take 30 parts of hydroxyapatites, 30 parts of wilkinites, 20 parts, calcium oxide, 14 parts, calcium hydroxide, 4.5 parts, sodium sulphite, 0.5 part of sodium ethylene diamine tetracetate, 0.7 part of carboxamide, 0.8 part of polyacrylamide flocculant, be placed in agitator and be stirred to and mix, obtain heavy metal stabilizer; Take with respect to the heavy metal stabilizer of mud gross weight 5% and after it is all added in mud, be placed in agitator and be stirred to and mix; Mud is spread out to natural drying maintenance.
In agitator, the sludge treatment of mud weight 5% is added in mud with heavy metal stabilizer, after stirring, under room temperature, carry out maintenance.After 2 days, leach (TCLP) method according to the solid waste toxicity of Environmental Protection Agency, measure leach liquor heavy metal content with atomic absorption spectrophotometer, in table 1, listed test result.
Embodiment 8
Take after 0.8 part, 50 parts, calcium oxide, 35 parts, calcium hydroxide, 5 parts, sodium sulphite, 5 parts, Sulfothiorine, 0.5 part of sodium ethylene diamine tetracetate, 0.7 part of carboxamide, polyacrylamide flocculant, be placed in agitator and be stirred to and mix, obtain heavy metal stabilizer; Take with respect to the heavy metal stabilizer of mud gross weight 5% and after it is all added in mud, be placed in agitator and be stirred to and mix; Mud is spread out to natural drying maintenance.
After 2 days, leach (TCLP) method according to the solid waste toxicity of Environmental Protection Agency, measure leach liquor heavy metal content with atomic absorption spectrophotometer, in table 1, listed test result.
Table l
In table 1, " standard-required (<) " is: the highest each heavy metal content of allowing in the mud stipulating in GB4284-84, unit is mg/kg.
From the test result of table 1, adopt the mud of heavy metal stabilizer processing of the present invention, leach liquor heavy metal content is lower, all meets GB requirement, and heavy metals immobilization is described. and stabilizing treatment is effective.
Although the present invention has been explained in detail and has quoted as proof embodiment, for those of ordinary skill in the art, various schemes, modification and the change that obviously can make according to above-mentioned explanation, within all should being included in the scope of claim.
Claims (7)
1. sludge treatment heavy metal stabilizer, is characterized in that: in described composition, each composition weight proportioning is as follows:
。
2. sludge treatment heavy metal stabilizer as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described inorganic powder is hydroxyapatite, calcium-base bentonite, sodium bentonite, rock phosphate ore, calcium oxide powder, calcium hydroxide powder, Ca0
2in a kind of or combination.
3. sludge treatment heavy metal stabilizer as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described sulfide is potassium sulphide, sodium sulphite, ammonium sulfide, sulfurated lime, Sulfothiorine, Sodium sulfhydrate, potassium bisulfide, Na
2s
4in a kind of or combination.
4. sludge treatment heavy metal stabilizer as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described organic chelate is a kind of or its combination in L--amine tetraacethyl and sodium salt, ethylene diaminetetraacetic acid and sodium salt thereof, diethylenediamine pentaacetic acid and sodium salt thereof.
5. sludge treatment heavy metal stabilizer as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described amides is a kind of or its combination in acrylamide, carboxamide, carbonyl diamine, carbamyl amine.
6. sludge treatment heavy metal stabilizer as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described organic floculant is a kind of or its combination of high polymer polyacrylamide flocculation agent, polymeric polycarboxylic acid flocculation agent, polyacrylamide modified flocculant, natural organic high-molecular flocculant and microbial flocculant.
7. a method that adopts the heavy metal stabilizer lignin-sludge in the arbitrary claim of claim 1.6, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
(1) take after inorganic powder, sulfide, organic chelate, amides, organic floculant by preset proportion, be placed in agitator and be stirred to and mix, obtain heavy metal stabilizer.
(2) take with respect to the heavy metal stabilizer of mud gross weight 0.01～10% and after it is all added in mud, be placed in agitator and be stirred to and mix.
(3) mud is spread out to natural drying maintenance.
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