CN104985044B - A kind of method that thin-walled parts are progressively shaped using strong magnetic force - Google Patents
A kind of method that thin-walled parts are progressively shaped using strong magnetic force Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of method that thin-walled parts are progressively shaped using strong magnetic force, it is related to a kind of manufacturing process of thin-walled parts, not enough to solve existing manufacturing process equipment tonnage and table top when shaping large size, thin walled part, and die size is big, high cost problem, the method has main steps that:Step one, thin-walled blank to be formed is fixed on processing platform;Step 2, die is placed on the one side of thin-walled blank, punch is placed on the another side with die opposite position of thin-walled blank;Step 3, die quickly magnetize generation ferromagnetism, die and punch adhesive, punch top pressure thin-walled blank;Step 4, die and punch continuous moving together, thin-walled blank shapes continuous strip groove;Step 5, repeat step three and step 4, shape multiple strip grooves;Step 6, the ferromagnetism of elimination die, remove die and punch, obtain the thin-walled parts shaping.The present invention is used for the shaping of thin-walled parts.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of manufacturing process of thin-walled parts is and in particular to a kind of adopt strong magnetically-actuated mould and blank
Method to shape thin-walled parts.
Background technology
In fields such as Aero-Space, there is the part of a lot of large scales and thin-walled, the wall thickness of part is less than 0.5mm even more
Thin.Typical part is such as:It is placed in the thin-wall corrugated tube playing cushioning effect between two rigid structures, be placed in and be used on pressure piping
The thin-walled diaphragm of load is discharged during overload.Such part uses generally as non-bearing structural member.Because aerospace structure is general
Larger all over size, so above-mentioned thin-walled parts are in addition to the wall thickness of material is very thin, also have the characteristics that plane inside dimension is big.As
The thin-wall corrugated tube of certain specification, its wall thickness is 0.2mm, and diameter reaches 1000mm.Because wall thickness is very thin, utilizing thin-walled
When sheet material or thin-wall pipes shape such part, the unit plastic force of needs is less.
Hydraulic expanding-forming or barometric pressure load are the Perfected process shaping thin-walled parts, this is because to be driven using liquid or gas
During the deformation of dynamic material, material only and unilateral contacting dies, so material flow resistance is little, is less prone to cracking etc. and shapes and lack
Fall into.But when part overall size to be formed is larger, on blank, total shaping load of effect will become very big, to shaping
The tonnage of equipment proposes high requirement.Meanwhile, the work top of general former such as three beam and four-post hydraulic machine pressing machine also tends to not
Can meet and require., if ring waviness width to be formed is 20mm taking above-mentioned thin-wall corrugated tube as a example, and two neighboring ripple
The distance between be 20mm, then when carrying out monolithic molding using hydraulic expanding-forming or barometric pressure load, have 50% equipment load to be
It is used for offsetting the counter-force that between two adjacent corrugations, material is subject to, only 50% equipment load is used to balance and shapes ripple institute
The counter-force needing.If the distance between two ripples increase, the equipment load for balancing required for non-shaped region accounts for always
The ratio of load will be bigger.By literature search, the Chinese invention patent application of Application No. 200810063918.5 proposes tool
There is the manufacturing process of the long tube components of local crowning shape, using the method for local heating part material to be formed, to be formed with
The tubular member of local crowning shape.Because the resistance of deformation of material can be reduced after heating, thus reducing the forming pressure of needs,
So equipment load constraint mould required for can be greatly reduced using the method.But, because this method remains a need for adopting
Constrain position to be formed on blank and its neighbouring region with the upper/lower die that can form near closed hollow ring after closure Lai overall, still
The equipment load having major part is used for balancing the counter-force that non-shaped area material is subject to, so being difficult to reality for the big part of size
Apply.
In order to there is equipment tonnage and table top when solving using the once-forming large size, thin walled part of existing manufacturing process not
Foot, and die size is big, high cost the problems such as, needing to set up one kind can be neatly in large size, thin walled tubulose or tabular base
On material, local location shapes the manufacturing process of the part feature needing.
Content of the invention
The present invention is not enough for solving existing manufacturing process equipment tonnage and table top when shaping large size, thin walled part,
And die size is big, high cost problem, and then provide a kind of method that thin-walled parts are progressively shaped using strong magnetic force.
The present invention is to solve the above problems to adopt the technical scheme that:
A kind of followed the steps below using the method that strong magnetic force progressively shapes thin-walled parts:
Step one, thin-walled blank to be formed is fixed on processing platform;
Step 2, die is placed on the one side of thin-walled blank, punch is placed on the relative with die of thin-walled blank
Answer the another side of position;Wherein die and punch are permeability magnetic material;
Step 3, die quickly magnetize generation ferromagnetism, under magneticaction, die and punch adhesive, and punch top pressure is thin
Wall blank;
Step 4, die and punch continuous moving together, thin-walled blank shapes strip groove;
Step 5, repeat step three and step 4, until completing the shaping of all positions to be formed on thin-walled blank, shape
Go out multiple strip grooves;
Step 6, the ferromagnetism of elimination die, remove die and punch, obtain the thin-walled parts shaping.
A kind of followed the steps below using the method that strong magnetic force progressively shapes thin-walled parts:
Step one, thin-walled blank to be formed is fixed on processing platform;
Step 2, die is placed on the one side of thin-walled blank, punch is placed on the relative with die of thin-walled blank
Answer the another side of position;Wherein die and punch are permeability magnetic material;
Step 3, die quickly magnetize generation ferromagnetism, under magneticaction, die and punch adhesive, and punch top pressure is thin
Wall blank forms pit;
Step 4, the ferromagnetism of die quickly eliminate, and mobile die and punch are to next position to be formed, repeat step
Three to complete the shaping of this position;
Step 5, repeat step three and step 4, until completing the shaping of all positions to be formed on thin-walled blank, shape
Go out multiple pits;
Step 6, the ferromagnetism of elimination die, remove die and punch, obtain the thin-walled parts shaping.
A kind of followed the steps below using the method that strong magnetic force progressively shapes thin-walled parts:
Step one, thin-walled blank to be formed is fixed on processing platform;
Step 2, die is placed on the one side of thin-walled blank;Wherein die and thin-walled blank are permeability magnetic material;
Step 3, die quickly magnetize generation ferromagnetism, under magneticaction, die and thin-walled blank adhesive, and thin-walled base
Pit is formed on material;
Step 4, the ferromagnetism of die quickly eliminate, and, to next position to be formed, repeat step three is with complete for mobile die
Become the shaping of this position;
Step 5, repeat step three and step 4, until completing the shaping of all positions to be formed on thin-walled blank, shape
Go out multiple pits;
Step 6, the ferromagnetism of elimination die, remove die, obtain the thin-walled parts shaping.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
First, the present invention is strong magnetic force produced by ferromagnetic substance using magnetic material, directly or indirectly to drive thin-walled
Regional area on blank is so as to deform.Because strong magnetic force has penetrance, it not only can act directly on to be formed
Thin-walled blank on, can also act on punch through blank to be formed.The loading and shaping of thin-walled blank fully relies on strong magnetic
Realizing, the thin-walled blank of die, punch and centre constitutes independent dynamic balance system to power, need not adopt fixed mesa and structure
Equipment carry out counteracting forces;
2nd, the electromagnetic force fully relying on because of the loading of thin-walled blank between mould and blank and mould and mould completes,
Punch treats the active force substantially automatic vertical of forming blank in the surface of blank, without other mechanisms, punch applying is acted on
Power.When this both can have been avoided conventional rigid mould to load, loading direction was fixed or was adjusted the problem of difficulty, also solved the problem that traditional one-tenth
Shape mould or mechanism (as thin cylinder) unworkable problem in closing blank;
3rd, the loading of strong magnetic force and removal action quickly can be realized by on-off switch or magnet charger, it is to avoid adopt gas
Body or liquid as shape medium carry out during partial plastic forming it is difficult in forming process quick apply or load removal problem;
After removal strong magnetic force, thin-walled blank will be in relatively free state, the position between thin-walled blank and mould be easy to into
Row adjustment, thus provide possibility for quickly carrying out the partial plastic forming of multiple positions on thin-walled blank;
4th, because strong magnetic force only concentrate act on thin-walled blank with die, the corresponding local location of punch, to other portions
The material of position is nearly free from active force, therefore need not enter row constraint using traditional unitary mould to the material at other positions,
So die size is little, structure is simple, low cost.
Brief description
Fig. 1 be the specific embodiment of the invention one using strong magnetic force continuous moving die and punch to shape thin-walled parts
Original state schematic diagram, Fig. 2 is that the specific embodiment of the invention one is thin to shape using strong magnetic force continuous moving die and punch
The done state schematic diagram of wall part, Fig. 3 is embodied as one using strong magnetic force continuous moving die and punch to become for the present invention
The process schematic of the continuous groove of shape, Fig. 4 is that the specific embodiment of the invention two utilizes strong magnetic force to interrupt mobile die and punch
To shape the original state schematic diagram of thin-walled parts, Fig. 5 is that the specific embodiment of the invention two utilizes strong magnetic force interruption movement recessed
, to shape the done state schematic diagram of thin-walled parts, Fig. 6 is that the specific embodiment of the invention two utilizes in strong magnetic force for mould and punch
Offset moves die and punch to shape single pit process schematic, and Fig. 7 is that the specific embodiment of the invention five utilizes strong magnetic force
Interrupt mobile die to shape the original state schematic diagram of thin-walled parts, Fig. 8 is that the specific embodiment of the invention five utilizes strong magnetic
Power interrupts mobile die to shape the done state schematic diagram of thin-walled parts, and Fig. 9 is that body embodiment five of the present invention utilizes strong magnetic
Power interrupts mobile die to shape the process schematic of single pit, and Figure 10 is the die of the specific embodiment of the invention three is group
Closing structure and punch is the schematic diagram of enhancing structure, and Figure 11 is the die of the specific embodiment of the invention three is showing of combinative structure
It is intended to, Figure 12 is the schematic diagram for enhancing structure for the punch of the specific embodiment of the invention three.
Specific embodiment
Specific embodiment one:In conjunction with Fig. 1-Fig. 3 explanation, one kind of present embodiment progressively shapes thin-walled using strong magnetic force
The method of part is to realize according to following steps:
Step one, thin-walled blank 1 to be formed is fixed on processing platform 2;
Step 2, die 3 is placed on the one side of thin-walled blank 1, punch 4 is placed on thin-walled blank 1 with die 3
The another side of opposite position;Wherein die 3 and punch 4 are permeability magnetic material;
Step 3, die 3 quickly magnetize generation ferromagnetism, under magneticaction, die 3 and punch 4 adhesive, and punch 4 pushes up
Ironed wall blank 1;
Step 4, die 3 and punch 4 continuous moving together, thin-walled blank 1 shapes strip groove 1-1;
Step 5, repeat step three and step 4, until completing the shaping of all positions to be formed on thin-walled blank 1, become
Shape goes out multiple strip groove 1-1;
Step 6, the ferromagnetism of elimination die 3, remove die 3 and punch 4, obtain the thin-walled parts shaping.
The beneficial effect of present embodiment is:First, thin-walled blank formed thereby is non-permeable material, such as aluminium alloy, magnesium
Alloy etc., punch is magnetic conductive material, after die produces ferromagnetism, punch will be produced with larger absorption affinity, thin-walled blank will be
Deform under the pressure effect of punch;2nd, the deformation of thin-walled blank to be completed by the punch contacting completely, and punch need not
Fixing in advance or be accurately positioned, it is to avoid to need to drive punch using special equipment in conventional ones manufacturing process, reduce
Cost, simplify equipment;3rd, the feature multiple to be formed on thin-walled slab is to be gradually completing, and only shapes during each local feature
Need using corresponding small size die and punch, and die cost need not have been saved using overall large mold.4th, thin
Continuous and shape, equivalently-sized continuous groove are had on wall part.In step 4 it is not necessary to closing switch and make die one
Directly there is ferromagnetism, then make die by track corresponding with part upper groove continuous moving.Can be once-forming using the program
Go out the continuous groove of needs.The die 3 of present embodiment can be electric permanent magnetism.
Specific embodiment two:In conjunction with Fig. 4-Fig. 6 explanation, one kind of present embodiment progressively shapes thin-walled using strong magnetic force
The method of part is to realize according to following steps:
Step one, thin-walled blank 1 to be formed is fixed on processing platform 2;
Step 2, die 3 is placed on the one side of thin-walled blank 1, punch 4 is placed on thin-walled blank 1 with die 3
The another side of opposite position;Wherein die 3 and punch 4 are permeability magnetic material;
Step 3, die 3 quickly magnetize generation ferromagnetism, under magneticaction, die 3 and punch 4 adhesive, and punch 4 pushes up
Ironed wall blank 1 forms pit 1-2;
Step 4, the ferromagnetism of die 3 quickly eliminate, and mobile die 3 and punch 4 arrive next position to be formed, repeat
Step 3 is to complete the shaping of this position;
Step 5, repeat step three and step 4, until completing the shaping of all positions to be formed on thin-walled blank 1, become
Shape goes out multiple pit 1-2;
Step 6, the ferromagnetism of elimination die 3, remove die 3 and punch 4, obtain the thin-walled parts shaping.
Present embodiment thin-walled blank formed thereby is non-permeable material, such as aluminium alloy, magnesium alloy etc., and punch is magnetic conduction
Property material, when die produce ferromagnetism after punch will be produced with larger absorption affinity, thin-walled blank will punch pressure effect under
Deform;The identical but discontinuously arranged pit of multiple geomeries is had on thin-walled parts.Forming process only uses
Can be with the die of an once-forming pit.The dimpled shaping of institute can be completed by repeatedly moving die using the program,
Without using the integral concave mould with the multiple pit die cavities corresponding with final thin-walled parts.
Specific embodiment three:In conjunction with Figure 10 and Figure 12 explanation, the punch 4 of present embodiment is provided with enhancing structure,
Enhancing structure strengthens block 5 for magnetic conduction, and magnetic conduction strengthens block 5 and is fixed on the upper surface of punch 4.It is by for forming pit feature
Punch and the enhancing block composition for providing bigger magnetic force.Pass through to arrange larger-size enhancing block using the program, permissible
The magnetic force that enhancing block is subject to is transferred on punch, so that shaping load that punch can apply is significantly increased, realizes yield strength 50-
200MPa, thickness are the shaping of the thin-walled blank of 0.5-1.0mm.For example, it is assumed that the volume strengthening block is 10 times of punch volume,
Then strengthen 10 times of the strong magnetic force suffered by strong magnetic force about punch that block is subject to, when partly strong magnetic force only acts on punch for this, that is,
The partial plastic forming power that punch can be provided by can be greatly increased.Die can adopt combinative structure, now constituent part die cavity for leading
Magnetic mold material, be attached thereto for having strong magnetic material 6.Because magnetic conductivity mold materials have good machinability
Can be it is easy to process the complex-shaped surface mould needing, the strong magnetic material being attached thereto adopts simple plane form, is easy to make, adopts
The manufacture difficulty of die can substantially be reduced with the program.Other identical with specific embodiment two.
Specific embodiment four:In conjunction with Fig. 1-Fig. 9 and Figure 11-Figure 12 explanation, present embodiment die 3 is electric permanent magnetism.This
Its suction of the die of embodiment is 250N/cm2.Strong magnetic force can be produced when being energized moment first time, lead to second moment
Strong magnetic force can quickly be eliminated when electric.Applying and the removal of strong magnetic force only need to be can achieve using the program by energising and power-off,
Simple to operate, and after energising produces strong magnetic force, strong magnetic force will not disappear because of reasons such as vibrations;Die can be using combination knot
Structure, now constitute concave die cavity for magnetic conductivity mold materials, be attached thereto for having strong magnetic material 6.Because magnetic conductivity is recessed
Mold materialss have good machinability it is easy to process the complex-shaped surface mould needing, and the strong magnetic material 6 being attached thereto adopts
Simple plane form, is easy to make, can substantially be reduced the manufacture difficulty of die using the program;The punch of present embodiment
4 can be for strengthening composite construction, and enhancing structure strengthens block 5 for magnetic conduction, and magnetic conduction strengthens block 5 and is fixed on the upper surface of punch 4.Its by
Punch for forming pit feature and the enhancing block composition for providing bigger magnetic force.Pass through to arrange size using the program
Larger enhancing block, can transfer to the magnetic force that enhancing block is subject on punch, and the shaping that can be applied so that punch is significantly increased carries
Lotus, realizes yield strength 50-200MPa, the shaping of the thin-walled blank for 0.5-1.0mm for the thickness.For example, it is assumed that strengthening the body of block
Amass 10 times for punch volume, then strengthen 10 times that the strong magnetic force that is subject to of block is about strong magnetic force suffered by punch, when this partly strong magnetic force
When only acting on punch, you can greatly increase the partial plastic forming power that punch can be provided by.Other with specific embodiment two or
Three is identical.
Specific embodiment five:In conjunction with Fig. 7-Fig. 9 explanation, one kind of present embodiment progressively shapes thin-walled using strong magnetic force
The method of part follows the steps below:
Step one, thin-walled blank 1 to be formed is fixed on processing platform 2;
Step 2, die 3 is placed on the one side of thin-walled blank 1;Wherein die 3 and thin-walled blank 1 are magnetic conduction material
Material;
Step 3, die 3 quickly magnetize generation ferromagnetism, under magneticaction, die 3 and thin-walled blank 1 adhesive, and thin-walled
Pit 1-2 is formed on blank 1;
Step 4, the ferromagnetism of die 3 quickly eliminate, and mobile die 3 arrives next position to be formed, repeat step three with
Complete the shaping of this position;
Step 5, repeat step three and step 4, until completing the shaping of all positions to be formed on thin-walled blank 1, become
Shape goes out multiple pit 1-2;
Step 6, the ferromagnetism of elimination die 3, remove die 3, obtain the thin-walled parts shaping.
The beneficial effect of present embodiment is:First, thin-walled blank formed thereby be magnetic conductive material, when with there is ferromagnetism
Die come close to or in contact with after, be directly subject to the effect of strong magnetic force to deform into concave die cavity, need not be using rigid punch
Or liquid or gas etc. shape medium;2nd, the deformation of thin-walled blank to be completed by the effect of strong magnetic force completely, by by thin-walled base
Material is adsorbed onto the part to obtain needs in concave die cavity, avoiding problems the rigidity needing to adopt in conventional ones manufacturing process
Punch, reduces cost, simplifies equipment;3rd, thin-walled blank is acted on by more equally distributed strong magnetic force, blank everywhere
Can be in close contact with concave die cavity, so forming accuracy is high, it is to avoid conventional ones shape in because between die and punch
The uneven problem leading to size of formed part low precision in gap;4th, die can adopt combinative structure, now constituent part die cavity
For magnetic conductivity mold materials, be attached thereto for having ferromagnetic material.Because magnetic conductivity mold materials have good cutting
Cut processing characteristics it is easy to process the complex-shaped surface mould needing, the strong magnetic material 6 being attached thereto adopts simple plane form, just
In making, can substantially reduce the manufacture difficulty of die using the program.
Claims (5)
1. a kind of using strong magnetic force progressively shape thin-walled parts method it is characterised in that:The method is to enter according to following steps
Row:
Step one, thin-walled blank (1) to be formed is fixed on processing platform (2);
Step 2, die (3) is placed on the one side of thin-walled blank (1), by punch (4) be placed on thin-walled blank (1) with
The another side of die (3) opposite position;Wherein die (3) and punch (4) are permeability magnetic material;
Step 3, die (3) quickly magnetize generation ferromagnetism, under magneticaction, die (3) and punch (4) adhesive, and punch
(4) top pressure thin-walled blank (1);
Step 4, die (3) and punch (4) continuous moving together, thin-walled blank (1) shapes strip groove (1-1);
Step 5, repeat step three and step 4, until completing the shaping of the upper all positions to be formed of thin-walled blank (1), shape
Go out multiple strip grooves (1-1);
Step 6, the ferromagnetism of elimination die (3), remove die (3) and punch (4), obtain the thin-walled parts shaping.
2. a kind of using strong magnetic force progressively shape thin-walled parts method it is characterised in that:The method is to enter according to following steps
Row:
Step one, thin-walled blank (1) to be formed is fixed on processing platform (2);
Step 2, die (3) is placed on the one side of thin-walled blank (1), by punch (4) be placed on thin-walled blank (1) with
The another side of die (3) opposite position;Wherein die (3) and punch (4) are permeability magnetic material;
Step 3, die (3) quickly magnetize generation ferromagnetism, under magneticaction, die (3) and punch (4) adhesive, and punch
(4) top pressure thin-walled blank (1) forms pit (1-2);
Step 4, the ferromagnetism of die (3) quickly eliminate, and mobile die (3) and punch (4) arrive next position to be formed, weight
Multiple step 3 is to complete the shaping of this position;
Step 5, repeat step three and step 4, until completing the shaping of the upper all positions to be formed of thin-walled blank (1), shape
Go out multiple pits (1-2);
Step 6, the ferromagnetism of elimination die (3), remove die (3) and punch (4), obtain the thin-walled parts shaping.
3. according to claim 2 a kind of using strong magnetic force progressively shape thin-walled parts method it is characterised in that:Punch
(4) it is provided with enhancing structure on, enhancing structure strengthens block (5) for magnetic conduction, magnetic conduction strengthens the upper table that block (5) is fixed in punch (4)
On face.
4. according to Claims 2 or 3 a kind of using strong magnetic force progressively shape thin-walled parts method it is characterised in that:
Die (3) is electric permanent magnetism.
5. a kind of using strong magnetic force progressively shape thin-walled parts method it is characterised in that:The method is to enter according to following steps
Row:
Step one, thin-walled blank (1) to be formed is fixed on processing platform (2);
Step 2, die (3) is placed on the one side of thin-walled blank (1);Wherein die (3) and thin-walled blank (1) are and lead
Magnetic material;
Step 3, die (3) quickly magnetize generation ferromagnetism, under magneticaction, die (3) and thin-walled blank (1) adhesive, and thin
Wall blank (1) is upper to form pit (1-2);
Step 4, the ferromagnetism of die (3) quickly eliminate, and mobile die (3) arrives next position to be formed, repeat step three with
Complete the shaping of this position;
Step 5, repeat step three and step 4, until completing the shaping of the upper all positions to be formed of thin-walled blank (1), shape
Go out multiple pits (1-2);
Step 6, the ferromagnetism of elimination die (3), remove die (3), obtain the thin-walled parts shaping.
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