CN103962437B - The power-actuated metal material plastic molding method of a kind of electromagnetism - Google Patents
The power-actuated metal material plastic molding method of a kind of electromagnetism Download PDFInfo
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- CN103962437B CN103962437B CN201410211044.9A CN201410211044A CN103962437B CN 103962437 B CN103962437 B CN 103962437B CN 201410211044 A CN201410211044 A CN 201410211044A CN 103962437 B CN103962437 B CN 103962437B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of electromagnetic force and drive metal material plastic molding method, comprise the steps: after the upper and lower two surface spraying insulating coatings of metal stock, being placed on bed die and compressing with edge mould, mold and metal stock upper surface keep certain intervals; Metal stock applies electric current, apply the electric current contrary with the metal stock sense of current on the upper mold simultaneously, or/and apply the electric current identical with the metal stock sense of current on bed die, the interaction of electric current produces downward electromagnetic force and drives metal stock generation deformation; Metal stock is fitted with the upper surface of bed die groove under electromagnetic force drives after the deformation stages such as free bulge, subsides mould, plastic deformation occurs until be shaped.The invention also discloses corresponding building mortion.The present invention utilizes electric current to produce the stable electromagnetic force continued, and significantly improves forming efficiency, increases material plasticity, saves the energy, be applicable to the Plastic Forming of all kinds of sheet metal.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to metal forming processing and manufacturing field, particularly the power-actuated metal material plastic molding method of a kind of electromagnetism and device, be mainly used in the bulging of sheet metal, particularly superplastic bulging.
Background technology
The sheet material forming of metal material is with a long history, develops into the powerful technical support having become the national economic development today, is the important component part of advanced manufacturing technology.The development of sheet material forming technology and the important industry such as automobile, Aeronautics and Astronautics are closely linked to.For the light-alloy such as titanium alloy, aluminium alloy that aerospace field extensively adopts, due to shortcomings such as its plasticity is at normal temperatures poor, difficult shaping, the general figuration manufacture adopting the method for inflating heat expansion to realize part.Its general technical process is: first by sheet material homogeneous heating, and make its temperature remain in suitable scope, then by pressue device, certain air pressure is applied to blank, it is made to deform under the constraint of inflatable mould, and ensure that its strain rate meets some requirement, through deformation stages such as bulging, subsides moulds, blank and molding die surface are fitted, thus final molding.
Because traditional inflation heat expansion forming technique adopts air pressure to drive mostly, there is the design of mould gas circuit complicated, air pressure-time graph is difficult to the problems such as control, and extensively there is gas leak phenomenon, causes Lou heat simultaneously, causes great energy waste.The driving force be shaped using electromagnetic force as metal material, there is contactless, flexible advantage, and the size of electromagnetic force size by electric current and the size precise hard_drawn tuhes in magnetic field, overcome Conventional pneumatic heat expansion be shaped in the problems such as the driving force low-response, the precision that are controlled to bring by air pressure are low.
The magnetic field that existing electromagnetic force drives metal material forming technique mostly to rely on additional coil to produce and the induced-current that changes of magnetic field produces interact and produce electromagnetic force, its coil magnetic field must be pulsed magnetic field, the rate of change of pulsed magnetic field directly affects the size of electromagnetic actuation force, and such driving force is very difficult for the control of shape and performance in forming materials process; Secondly, due to the effect of pulse-electromagnetic force, make material strain speed in metal material forming process very high, just inapplicable for some occasion requiring low rate to be shaped, the superplasticforming such as extensively adopted now.
Summary of the invention
For limitation such as traditional electrical magnetically-actuated metal material forming technique driving force instability, narrow application range, the present invention proposes the power-actuated metal material plastic molding method of a kind of electromagnetism and device.
The invention provides the power-actuated metal material plastic molding method of a kind of electromagnetism, comprise the steps:
A. after the upper and lower two surface spraying insulating coatings of metal stock, be placed between mutually opposing upper and lower mould, wherein bed die possesses a spill molded areas, mold possesses a tongue matched with bed die spill molded areas, metal stock to be placed on described bed die and to compress with edge mould, and the upper surface of the lower surface of described mold and metal stock is parallel and keep interval;
B. one of following three kinds of modes are adopted directly to apply pulse current or DC current for metal stock, mold and bed die: apply electric current to metal stock and mold simultaneously and form power circuit separately, and making the sense of current flowing through metal stock contrary with the sense of current flowing through mold; Electric current applied to metal stock and bed die simultaneously and forms power circuit separately, and making the sense of current flowing through metal stock identical with the sense of current flowing through bed die; Electric current is applied to metal stock, mold and bed die simultaneously and forms power circuit separately, and make the sense of current flowing through bed die identical with the sense of current flowing through metal stock, make the sense of current flowing through mold contrary with the sense of current flowing through metal stock simultaneously; In this way, the Interaction Law of Electric Current that on metal stock and mold, direction is contrary produces the electromagnetic force of mutual exclusion, make metal stock be subject to downward electromagnetic force to drive, the Interaction Law of Electric Current that metal stock is identical with direction on bed die produces attracting electromagnetic force, makes metal stock be subject to downward electromagnetic force and drives;
C. metal stock under downward electromagnetic force drives through free bulge, paste the deformation stage such as mould, until the upper surface of itself and bed die Baltimore groove is fitted, complete whole plastic forming process thus.
As further preferably, can also apply perpendicular to the sense of current in the region to be formed between mold and bed die, and the steady magnetic field parallel with blank surface, produce downward stable electromagnetic force by electric current and steady magnetic field interaction and drive metal stock to deform further.
As further preferably, it is 1 × 10 that metal stock, mold and bed die apply peak current density
8a/m
2~ 1 × 10
10a/m
2pulse current or DC current.
As further preferably, described metal stock to be processed is preferably titanium alloy or the aluminium alloy of space industry, and described mold and bed die adopt the metal material that can conduct electricity to make.
As further preferably, to tile one deck brass conductor at the Baltimore groove upper surface of described bed die; To tile one deck brass conductor in the convex lower surface of described mold.
As further preferably, the method is particularly useful for the superplastic forming of metal material.
In general, the above technical scheme conceived by the present invention compared with prior art, mainly possesses following technological merit:
1, electromagnetic force is stable continues.Directly on metal stock and upper/lower die, apply direct current or pulse current, externally-applied magnetic field can be steady magnetic field, more stable than traditional pulsed magnetic field, can provide the driving force that the stable state needed for metal material shaping continues.
2, applied widely.By strobe pulse electric current or DC current, regulate the size of electric current, material strain speed required in metal material forming process can be adjusted, be applicable to the occasion of height rate shaped.
3, energy consumption is low, material property good.Due in whole forming process, metal stock directly alives, and it flows through the Joule heat that blank produces also has heat effect to blank itself, can reduce heating cost to a certain extent, saves the energy.In addition, in deformation process, also can produce " electro plasticity " effect, the deformation performance of blank can be promoted further, reduce the resistance of deformation of blank, improve forming limit, and eliminate the residual stress of product to a certain extent, improve product quality.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is that electromagnetic force drives lamina building mortion schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is without mold during background magnetic field and blank current loop and electromagnetic force schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is without bed die during background magnetic field and blank current loop and electromagnetic force schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is current loop during band background magnetic field and electromagnetic force schematic diagram;
Fig. 5 is that electromagnetic force drives doubling plate building mortion schematic diagram;
Fig. 6 is without doubling plate current loop during background magnetic field and electromagnetic force schematic diagram;
Fig. 7 is doubling plate electric current during band background magnetic field and electromagnetic force schematic diagram.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to make object of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly understand, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is further elaborated.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.In addition, if below in described each embodiment of the present invention involved technical characteristic do not form conflict each other and just can mutually combine.
Detailed description of the invention one: as shown in Figure 1, the power-actuated metal material plastic forming device of electromagnetism comprises three large power supply 6-1,6-2 and 6-3, edge mould 2, mold 1, bed die 5 and edge mould 2; Wherein, mold 1 and bed die 5 are placed in the both sides up and down of blank 4 to be formed respectively, and described bed die 5 is Baltimore groove, and metal stock 4 is placed on bed die 5 and also compresses with edge mould 2; Described mold 1 is the convex slot matched with bed die 5, to be placed on metal stock 4 and with its maintenance certain intervals; The convex lower surface of mold 1 tiles one deck brass conductor 7-1 for conduction, and brass conductor 7-1 is connected to large power supply 6-1 via galvanic circle and forms Article 2 current path; The Baltimore groove upper surface of bed die tiles one deck brass conductor 7-2 for conduction, and brass conductor 7-1 is connected to large power supply 6-1 via galvanic circle and forms Article 3 current path; The upper and lower surface spray insulation coating 3 of metal stock 4, its two ends are connected to form Article 2 current path through wire and large power supply 6-2;
The generation of 2 detailed description electromagnetic actuation forces by reference to the accompanying drawings, the electric current flowing through brass conductor 7-1 is I
1, the electric current flowing through metal stock 4 is I
2, the lower surface of brass conductor 7-1 is parallel with metal stock 4 upper surface all the time, electric current I
1and electric current I
2direction is contrary, and both interact the electromagnetic force of repelling each other produced, and act on metal stock 4 and then show as the downward electromagnetic force F in direction
1, thus drive metal stock 4 to be out of shape to bed die 5, and wherein, electric current I
1and electric current I
2being peak current density is 1 × 10
8a/m
2~ 1 × 10
10a/m
2pulse current or DC current.
As shown in Figure 3, the inner surface of bed die 5 has wrapped up one deck brass conductor 7-2, and brass conductor two ends are connected to large power supply 6-3 through galvanic circle and form conductive path, and the electric current flowing through brass conductor 7-2 is I
3, the electric current flowing through metal stock 4 is I
2, in the cavity that metal stock 4 and bed die 5 are formed, I
2and I
3direction is identical, both interact produce electromagnetic force attracting, act on metal stock 4 and then show as the downward electromagnetic force F in direction
2, thus attract blank 4 to be formed to be out of shape to bed die 5.
Detailed description of the invention two: the difference of present embodiment and detailed description of the invention one is that mold 1 and bed die 5 adopt metal material, itself there is good electric conductivity, thus can tile or wrap up brass conductor 7-1 or 7-2, directly be connected to large power supply 6-1 or 6-3 through galvanic circle and form current path.
Detailed description of the invention three: present embodiment is large power supply 6-1 from the difference of detailed description of the invention one or two, 6-2,6-3 change same set of large power supply into and draw three branch roads through different switch in parallel, the sense of current and all the other connected modes identical with detailed description of the invention one or two.
Detailed description of the invention four: the difference of present embodiment and detailed description of the invention one or two or three is that mold 1 can move, and when metal stock 4 moves downward, mold 1 is followed one and played motion, reduces because distance increases the driving force decay brought.
Detailed description of the invention five: the difference of present embodiment and above-mentioned all detailed description of the invention is the front data such as sectional area, resistivity according to metal stock 4 that are shaped, select the output parameter of large power supply 6-2, make metal stock 4 be rapidly heated to assigned temperature, and then form.All the other steps are identical with detailed description of the invention one with connected mode.
Detailed description of the invention six: the difference of present embodiment and detailed description of the invention one is that the region to be formed also between mold and bed die utilizes magnet to provide a background magnetic field 8, this magnetic direction is perpendicular to the sense of current, and parallel with metal stock surface, all the other connected modes are identical with detailed description of the invention one.Composition graphs 4 describes electromagnetic force F in detail
3generation, the electric current flowing through metal stock 4 is I
2, the direction reflection of background magnetic field 8 is outside for penetrating paper in the drawings, according to left hand rule, metal stock 4 can produce the additional electrical magnetic force F that direction is downward
3, with the electromagnetic force F that direction is downward
1,f
2acting in conjunction, thus drive metal stock 4 to be out of shape to bed die 5.
Detailed description of the invention seven: composition graphs 5 illustrates present embodiment, the difference of present embodiment and detailed description of the invention one or two is that blank to be formed is double-deck plate 10-1,10-2, the equal spray insulation coating 11 of blank surface to be formed, and mold 12-1 and bed die 12-2 is die, large power supply 9-1 is connected to mold 12-1 through galvanic circle and forms conductive path, and large power supply 9-2 is connected to bed die 12-2 through galvanic circle and forms conductive path.Composition graphs 6 describes the generation of driving force in detail.The electric current flowing through blank 10-1 to be formed is I
4, the electric current flowing through blank 10-2 to be formed is I
5, in region to be formed, electric current I
4and electric current I
5direction is contrary, and the electromagnetic force of generation is repelled each other, and acting on blank 10-1 to be formed is then direction electromagnetic force F upwards
4, thus drive blank 10-1 to be formed to be out of shape to mold 12-1, acting on blank 10-2 to be formed is then electromagnetic force F that direction is downward
5, thus drive blank 10-2 to be formed to be out of shape to bed die 12-2.
Detailed description of the invention eight: composition graphs 5 illustrates present embodiment, the difference of present embodiment and detailed description of the invention seven is also to utilize magnet to provide a background magnetic field 8 in region to be formed, this magnetic direction is perpendicular to the sense of current, and parallel with blank surface, all the other connected modes are identical with detailed description of the invention seven.Composition graphs 7 describes the generation of electromagnetic force in detail, and the electric current flowing through blank 10-1 to be formed is I
4, the electric current flowing through blank 10-2 to be formed is I
5, the direction reflection of background magnetic field 8 is outside for penetrating paper in the drawings, according to left hand rule, blank 10-1 to be formed can produce direction electromagnetic force F upwards
6, thus drive blank 10-1 to be formed to be out of shape to mold 12-1; Blank 10-2 to be formed then can produce the downward electromagnetic force F in direction
7, thus drive blank 10-2 to be formed to be out of shape to bed die 12-2.
Those skilled in the art will readily understand; the foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention; not in order to limit the present invention, all any amendments done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, equivalent replacement and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. electromagnetic force drives a metal material plastic molding method, and it is characterized in that, this plastic molding method comprises the steps:
A. after the upper and lower two surface spraying insulating coatings of metal stock, be placed between mutually opposing upper and lower mould, wherein bed die possesses a Baltimore groove, mold possesses a tongue matched with bed die Baltimore groove, metal stock to be placed on described bed die and to compress with edge mould, and the upper surface of the lower surface of described mold and metal stock is parallel and keep interval;
B. one of following three kinds of modes are adopted directly to apply pulse current or DC current for metal stock, mold and bed die: apply electric current to metal stock and mold simultaneously and form power circuit separately, and making the sense of current flowing through metal stock contrary with the sense of current flowing through mold; Electric current applied to metal stock and bed die simultaneously and forms power circuit separately, and making the sense of current flowing through metal stock identical with the sense of current flowing through bed die; Electric current is applied to metal stock, mold and bed die simultaneously and forms power circuit separately, and make the sense of current flowing through bed die identical with the sense of current flowing through metal stock, make the sense of current flowing through mold contrary with the sense of current flowing through metal stock simultaneously; In this way, the Interaction Law of Electric Current that on metal stock and mold, direction is contrary produces the electromagnetic force of mutual exclusion, make metal stock be subject to downward electromagnetic force to drive, the Interaction Law of Electric Current that metal stock is identical with direction on bed die produces attracting electromagnetic force, makes metal stock be subject to downward electromagnetic force and drives;
C. metal stock under downward electromagnetic force drives through free bulge, paste mould deformation stage, until the upper surface of itself and bed die Baltimore groove is fitted, complete whole plastic forming process thus.
2. electromagnetic force as claimed in claim 1 drives metal material plastic molding method, it is characterized in that, the region to be formed be also included between mold and bed die applies perpendicular to the sense of current and the steady magnetic field parallel with metal stock surface, and the downward stable electromagnetic force produced by electric current and steady magnetic field interaction drives metal stock to deform further.
3. electromagnetic force as claimed in claim 1 or 2 drives metal material plastic molding method, and it is characterized in that, it is 1 × 10 that metal stock, mold and bed die apply peak current density
8a/m
2~ 1 × 10
10a/m
2pulse current or DC current.
4. electromagnetic force as claimed in claim 1 drives metal material plastic molding method, and it is characterized in that, metal stock is titanium alloy or the aluminium alloy of space industry, and described mold and bed die adopt the metal material making that can conduct electricity.
5. electromagnetic force as claimed in claim 1 drives metal material plastic molding method, it is characterized in that, to tile one deck brass conductor at the Baltimore groove upper surface of described bed die, to tile one deck brass conductor at the lower surface of described mold.
6. electromagnetic force as claimed in claim 1 drives metal material plastic molding method, and it is characterized in that, the method is applicable to the superplastic forming of metal material.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410211044.9A CN103962437B (en) | 2014-05-19 | 2014-05-19 | The power-actuated metal material plastic molding method of a kind of electromagnetism |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410211044.9A CN103962437B (en) | 2014-05-19 | 2014-05-19 | The power-actuated metal material plastic molding method of a kind of electromagnetism |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN103962437A CN103962437A (en) | 2014-08-06 |
| CN103962437B true CN103962437B (en) | 2016-04-20 |
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| US9457404B2 (en) * | 2013-02-04 | 2016-10-04 | The Boeing Company | Method of consolidating/molding near net-shaped components made from powders |
| CN104492903B (en) * | 2014-12-26 | 2016-04-13 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of electro-magnetic forming coil acquisition methods making plate homogeneous deformation |
| CN104985044B (en) * | 2015-06-12 | 2017-03-01 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | A kind of method that thin-walled parts are progressively shaped using strong magnetic force |
| CN105750614B (en) * | 2016-04-25 | 2018-02-23 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of pulse electromagnetic shear |
| CN105728541B (en) * | 2016-04-28 | 2017-08-18 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of coil electromagnetic pulse forming device and method of sheet metal |
| CN107127243B (en) * | 2017-06-20 | 2018-07-24 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of electromagnetic pulse forming device and method of sheet metal |
| KR102383460B1 (en) * | 2017-12-05 | 2022-04-06 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Apparatus and method for forming aluminum plate |
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| CN110666018B (en) * | 2019-09-19 | 2020-10-13 | 武汉理工大学 | Coil-free electromagnetic composite forming device and forming method |
| CN111112435B (en) * | 2019-12-17 | 2021-06-04 | 三峡大学 | Method and device for quickly forming hollow metal plate |
| DE102020101088A1 (en) * | 2020-01-17 | 2021-07-22 | Volkswagen Aktiengesellschaft | Process for forming metal composite foils for battery cells |
| CN112719092B (en) * | 2020-12-14 | 2024-06-18 | 航天海鹰(哈尔滨)钛业有限公司 | Metal plate forming die with titanium alloy variable-wall-thickness groove structure and application thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US5410132A (en) * | 1991-10-15 | 1995-04-25 | The Boeing Company | Superplastic forming using induction heating |
| TWI265764B (en) * | 2004-12-30 | 2006-11-01 | Metal Ind Res & Dev Ct | Composite formation method for substrate of electronic product |
| US8657595B2 (en) * | 2008-02-26 | 2014-02-25 | Roctool | Device for transforming materials by induction heating |
| FR2928808B1 (en) * | 2008-03-17 | 2012-04-20 | Roctool | DEVICE FOR TRANSFORMING MATERIALS USING INDUCTION HEATING AND DEFORMABLE COMPACTION MEANS |
| CN102248059B (en) * | 2011-06-16 | 2013-07-24 | 华中科技大学 | Multistage and multidirectional electromagnetic forming method and device |
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