CN104984979A - Method for stabilizing incineration fly ash by means of chemical coating - Google Patents
Method for stabilizing incineration fly ash by means of chemical coating Download PDFInfo
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- CN104984979A CN104984979A CN201510354853.XA CN201510354853A CN104984979A CN 104984979 A CN104984979 A CN 104984979A CN 201510354853 A CN201510354853 A CN 201510354853A CN 104984979 A CN104984979 A CN 104984979A
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- flying dust
- aluminate
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Abstract
The invention discloses a technological method for stabilizing incineration fly ash of household rubbish. According to the method, the silicon content and the aluminum content of a synthesis system are adjusted by externally adding a silicon source and an aluminum source according to the alkalinity of incineration fly ash impregnation liquid, fly ash modified particles wrapped with zeolite inertia layers are synthesized through the hydrothermal process under the mild condition, and the heavy metal content and the pH value of a leaching agent of the synthesized wrapped fly ash particles meet the national standards. All raw materials required by the method are ordinary chemical products and are simple and easy to obtain; meanwhile, the requirement for synthesis equipment is low, and the method has extremely high promotional value.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the chemical stabilizing method of one way of life incineration of refuse flyash, belong to solid waste process disposal technology field.
Background technology
Along with the promulgation of " planning of " 12 " national application of city life garbage harmless treatment Facilities Construction ", the construction of China's consumer waste incineration facility and put into operation and enter peak period.Cut-off, to the end of the year 2015, is estimated that the consumer waste incineration disposal ability of China comparatively will increase 217530 ton per days newly in 2010, is reached 307155 ton per days.The rising of burning scale imply that the output of flying ash is also improving gradually.If account for the amount of burning away the refuse 1.5% in flying dust output, the output to China's flying ash in 2015 will reach 4607.33 ton per days.Heavy metal containing a large amount of easy strippings in flying ash and salt, and also there is the environment hidden danger of bioxin, how rationally and effectively these flying dusts are disposed in process is pendulum important problems in face of city manager.
According to China's relevant regulations, flying ash must carry out special management according to hazardous waste, could carry out final disposal after meeting admissions criteria in security landfill field.At present, conventional flying ash stabilizing technology mainly contains solidification and stabilization technology, chemical stabilization technology and melt stability technology.Wherein, cement solidification stabilization technology technical maturity, easy and simple to handle, there is good actual application value, such as Chinese patent application 201510070925.8 discloses one way of life incineration of refuse flyash curing, by incineration of refuse flyash, strontium carbonate waste slag, potash and cement by mass parts 40-50: 25-38: 3-6: 15-25 mixing, add after appropriate amount of purified water stirs again, insert extruding in forming model to tamp, then be positioned over the demoulding after 24 hours in air, obtain firming body base substrate; Firming body base substrate carries out that maintenance can obtain again can the firming body of direct landfill.But flying dust is after solidification and stabilization, increase-volume is obvious, and follow-up landfill operation pressure increases.
Chemical stabilization is consistent effective, simple to operate, as Chinese patent application 201410796490.0 discloses a kind of flyash treatment method for waste incineration, this processing method is by adding organic sulfur TMT15 to incineration of refuse flyash, the heavy metals such as Pb, Zn, Cd, Hg, Cu in flying dust are made to change into the compound of slightly solubility, thus realize the stabilisation of incineration of refuse flyash, but chemical agent cost is higher, and little to the pH control action of flying dust leachate.
The stablizing effect of melt stability method heavy metal is good, residue can be used as building material recycling, as Chinese patent application 201210496536.8 discloses a kind of flyash treatment method for waste incineration, comprise the following steps: in flying dust, add water wash, filter to obtain filter residue; Filter residue is added in mixed acid solution and carry out landfill; Ion exchange resin is adopted to reclaim the mixed acid solution after extracting heavy metal; Solidified through melt process by filter residue after acid extractants process, the lime-ash after solidification can be used as construction material recycling.But the method energy consumption is large, high to equipment requirement, the purification process also more complicated of melting tail gas.
To sum up, in flying ash process field, explore the study hotspot that a kind of stabilisation cost is low, technological process is simple, long term stabilization is effective new technology has become flying ash stabilizing field.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of method utilizing chemical coated combustion stability flying dust, is a kind of new method of flying ash stabilizing process.
Technical scheme of the present invention is as follows:
Utilize a method for chemical coated combustion stability flying dust, comprise the steps:
(1) be distributed in water by former for burning ash, fully stir, make the abundant stripping of the alkaline matter in flying dust, obtain former grey dispersion liquid, the weight ratio of wherein burning former ash and water is 5 ~ 10:100; Alkaline matter in flying dust such as comprises CaO etc.; And
Get a certain amount of silicate and aluminate dissolves in the water of equivalent, form silicate solutions A and aluminate solution B, can add a small amount of NaOH hydrotropy in solution A and B, the time that silicate and aluminate stir in water can be 1 ~ 2h usually; Solution A and B through be stirred well to transparent after, silicate solutions A and aluminate solution B is mixed, such as silicate solutions A slowly can be added in aluminate solution B, or aluminate solution B is added in silicate solutions A, after fully stirring, form mixed sols C; Wherein, in mixed sols C, the mol ratio of element silicon and aluminium element is 3 ~ 6:1; Preferably, the concentration of mixed sols C mesosilicic acid salt is 5 ~ 20wt%, and the concentration of aluminate is below 10wt%.During concrete operations, conveniently, silicate and aluminate can be dissolved in the NaOH solution of equivalent respectively, to be mixed to after transparent by 2 solution mixing, continue after mixing fully to stir; Above-mentioned silicate and aluminate are called additional silicon source, aluminium source; Process and the process preparing mixed sols C of the former grey dispersion liquid of above-mentioned preparation do not have the requirement of sequencing;
(2) when rapid stirring, former grey dispersion liquid is added in mixed sols C, form synthesis colloidal sol, fully stir to promote that in colloidal sol, nucleus is formed, form synthesis colloidal sol D; Rapid stirring can use magnetic stirring apparatus; The demand that the time of stirring can be formed according to nucleus in colloidal sol by those skilled in the art is determined by experiment;
(3) synthesis colloidal sol D is inserted in airtight container, stir under the condition of 60 ~ 90 DEG C and carry out hydro-thermal reaction, obtain product; Hydro-thermal reaction can use the mode of reactor or condensing reflux to carry out, and wherein uses the reaction time of reactor to control at 6 ~ 18h, and the reaction time using the mode of condensing reflux is 12 ~ 24h; Described reactor can be autoclave; SiO in preferred described synthesis colloidal sol D
2/ H
2the mol ratio of O is between 1:100 ~ 250;
(4) product Separation of Solid and Liquid.Solid matter after separation can admission landfill after drying, and isolated liquid can be used as synthetic solvent and is reused for dissolves silicon source and aluminium source.
Principle of the present invention is:
The present inventor learns according to the test of municipal solid waste incinerator flying dust sample, burns CaO, Na in former ash
2o and Cl element accounts for more than 80% of total amount, the content of these materials determines the strong basicity of flying dust, therefore, method of the present invention by burn former ash and water by the solid-to-liquid ratio of 1:10 ~ 20 stir soak a period of time after the pH value of former grey dispersion liquid that obtains reach 12 ~ 13.Strong alkali environment so just in time for additional silicon source, aluminium source hydrolysis, polymerization be provided as crystal bar part.
In addition, Si and Al also containing 3 ~ 5% in flying ash, these Si, Al form the basic structures such as-Si-O-Al-O-key ,-Si-O-Al-Si-O-key ,-Si-O-Al-O-Si-O-key in alkali lye, for being polymerized of Si, Al element (from silicon source, aluminium source) in synthesis colloidal sol D and flying ash surface, become the growth of crystalline substance and nucleus to provide place.
Flying dust in synthesis colloidal sol D, the silicon aluminate crystal structure of unformed shape in superficial growth, again after hydro-thermal reaction after a while, crystal basic forming, form electronegative-Si-Al-O-tetrahedral structure, heavy metal in flying dust and alkali metal ion are fixed on crystals to keep the mode of sial tetrahedron charge balance, realize the solidification of heavy metal.Basicity in synthesis colloidal sol is also consumed because of the hydrolysis in participation silicon source, aluminium source, and the alkalescence of the stabilisation flying dust thus obtained after synthesis also greatly reduces.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is as follows:
The first, the method for the chemical coated combustion stability flying dust of utilization of the present invention is the new technology that a kind of stabilisation cost is low, technological process is simple, long term stabilization is effective;
The second, use the inventive method to process flying ash, in the product obtained, heavy metal stabilizing is up to state standards requirement completely, and the alkalescence of stabilisation flying dust also greatly reduces;
3rd, the present invention's raw material used is general chemical product, simple and easy to get, simultaneously lower to the requirement of synthesis device, great popularization.
Certainly, implement arbitrary product of the present invention might not need to reach above-described all advantages simultaneously.
Detailed description of the invention
The deficiency that the present invention exists mainly for existing flying ash tradition stabilization process, propose a kind of utilization and generate zeolite inert substance with the stabilization method of the coated flying ash of chemistry in flying ash surface chemical reaction, this way utilizes Si, Al composition itself contained in flying ash, and be polymerized with additional Si source, Al source in the alkali lye that formed after dissolving of the alkaline matter such as the CaO contained in flying ash and form new sial nucleus, under the hydrothermal condition of gentleness, promote crystal growth, finally realize the long term stabilization of flying dust internal contamination thing.
The basicity that method of the present invention utilizes flying ash maceration extract itself to contain, silicon, the aluminium content in synthesis colloidal sol is regulated by additional silicon source, aluminium source, the flying dust modified particles of zeolite inert layer in a mild condition by water heat transfer outer wrap, in the leachate of the parcel flying dust modified particles of synthesis, content of beary metal and pH value all meet national standard.
In this article, the scope represented by " numerical value is to another numerical value " is a kind of summary representation avoiding all numerical value enumerated in the description in this scope.Therefore, the record of a certain special value scope, the comparatively fractional value scope containing any number in this number range and defined by any number in this number range, as expressly write out this any number in the description, comparatively fractional value scope is the same with this.
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, set forth the present invention further.Should be appreciated that, these embodiments only for illustration of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.The improvement made according to the present invention of technical staff and adjustment, still belong to protection scope of the present invention in actual applications.
Embodiments of the present invention and effect is illustrated below by specific embodiment.
Embodiment 1
5g being burned former ash drops in 100mL water, stirs and makes the former ash of burning dispersed in A liquid, form former grey dispersion liquid.Get 9.8364g NaAlO
2drop in 50mL water with 4g NaOH, be stirred well to NaAlO
2dissolve, form solution B.Get 17.0532g Na
2siO
39H
2o and 4g NaOH drops in 50mL water, fully stirs (as magnetic agitation) to Na
2siO
39H
2o dissolves, and forms solution A.Solution A is slowly dripped and enters solution B, be added dropwise to complete rear abundant stirring 30min, form mixed sols C.When high-speed stirred, the former grey dispersion liquid mixed is added into mixed sols C, fully stirs 60min, form synthesis colloidal sol D.Pour synthesis colloidal sol D into reactor, and reactor is placed in drying box reacts, reaction temperature 90 DEG C, reaction time 6h, after taking out cooling, product in inner bag is poured out, after cyclic washing filters, dry, obtain the flying dust solid product after stabilization processes, the liquid that separation obtains can be used as synthetic solvent and is reused for dissolves silicon source and aluminium source.
" solid waste Leaching leaching method hac buffer method (HJ300-2007) " is used to detect the heavy metal stablizing effect of the flying dust solid product of the present embodiment gained, normative reference, according to " household refuse landfill sites Environmental capacity standard (GB16889-2008) ", the results are shown in following table 1.
Table 1
From upper table 1, the flying ash after the present embodiment process, its heavy metal stabilizing reaches Standard.
Embodiment 2
Dropped in water with the ratio of solid-to-liquid ratio 5 ~ 10:100 by the former ash of burning, dispersed with stirring, obtains flying dust mixed liquor.Prepare solution of sodium metasilicate through and the aluminum sulfate solution of equal volume amounts in addition respectively, by 2 solution mixing after waiting solute to dissolve completely, make SiO in mixed solution
2/ Al
2o
3mol ratio between 6 ~ 12, and in mixed solution, add a small amount of NaOH regulate, obtain sial mixed liquor.
Poured into by flying dust mixed liquor in sial mixed liquor, the alumino-silicate after rapid stirring makes hydrolysis fully contacts with flying dust, forms synthesis colloidal sol, SiO in synthesis colloidal sol
2/ H
2the mol ratio of O is between 1:100 ~ 250, and under above mol ratio, Si can better disperse to be combined with carrier surface in water, in addition can the hydrolysis rate of control Si.Pour in beaker the 18 ~ 24h that refluxes under the condition of 60 DEG C of constant temperature into, Separation of Solid and Liquid after the cooling of question response thing by synthesizing colloidal sol, thermostatic drying chamber dries solid matter, has both obtained the flying dust solid product after stabilization processes.
Under the instruction of the present invention and above-described embodiment, those skilled in the art are easy to predict, cited or each raw material that exemplifies of the present invention or its equivalent alterations, each processing method or its equivalent alterations can realize the present invention, and the parameter bound value of each raw material and processing method, interval value can realize the present invention, do not enumerate embodiment at this.
Claims (9)
1. utilize a method for chemical coated combustion stability flying dust, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
(1) be fully uniformly mixed in former for burning ash input water the abundant stripping of basicity made in the former ash of burning, form former grey dispersion liquid, the weight ratio of wherein burning former ash and water is 5 ~ 10:100; Further,
Get silicate and aluminate dissolves in water, formed silicate solutions A and aluminate solution B, silicate solutions A and aluminate solution B through be stirred well to transparent after, silicate solutions A mix with aluminate solution B, fully stirs rear formation mixed sols C; Wherein, in mixed sols C, the mol ratio of element silicon and aluminium element is 3 ~ 6:1;
(2) when rapid stirring, described former grey dispersion liquid is added described mixed sols C, after fully stirring, form synthesis colloidal sol D;
(3) synthesis colloidal sol D is inserted in airtight container, stir under the condition of 60 ~ 90 DEG C and carry out hydro-thermal reaction, obtain product;
(4) product Separation of Solid and Liquid.
2. the method for chemistry parcel flying ash according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step (1), the concentration of described mixed sols C mesosilicic acid salt is 5 ~ 20wt%, and the concentration of described aluminate is below 10wt%.
3. the method for chemistry parcel flying ash according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, in described step (1), the time that silicate and aluminate stir in water is 1 ~ 2h.
4. the method for the chemical coated combustion stability flying dust of utilization according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step (2), and former grey dispersion liquid and the mixing of mixed sols C equal-volume.
5. the method for the chemical coated combustion stability flying dust of utilization according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step (1), adds a small amount of NaOH hydrotropy in silicate solutions A and/or aluminate solution B.
6. the method for the chemical coated combustion stability flying dust of utilization according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, the silicate in described step (1) is waterglass, bentonite or diatomite, and aluminate is sodium aluminate, aluminum sulfate or flyash.
7. the method for the chemical coated combustion stability flying dust of utilization according to claim 1, is characterized in that, in described step (3), uses the mode of reactor or condensing reflux to carry out hydro-thermal reaction.
8. the method for the chemical coated combustion stability flying dust of utilization according to claim 7, is characterized in that, the reaction time of described reactor is 6 ~ 18h, and the reaction time of described condensing reflux is 12 ~ 24h.
9. the method for the chemical coated combustion stability flying dust of utilization according to claim 1, is characterized in that, SiO in described synthesis colloidal sol D
2/ H
2the mol ratio of O is between 1:100 ~ 250.
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Cited By (8)
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| CN105198129A (en) * | 2015-11-09 | 2015-12-30 | 浙江工业大学 | Synergic treatment method of heavy metals in hazardous waste incineration plant wastewater and fly ash |
| CN105948066A (en) * | 2016-04-26 | 2016-09-21 | 重庆大学 | Method for adding seed crystal for induced hydrothermal stabilization of heavy metals in incinerated waste fly ash |
| CN108188145A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-06-22 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | A kind of stabilization method of arsenic-containing waste residue |
| CN108545936A (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2018-09-18 | 淄博泰康轻工制品有限公司 | Anti slip glass ice cup |
| CN111360024A (en) * | 2020-03-12 | 2020-07-03 | 浙江美臣新材料科技有限公司 | Method for deeply removing soluble components in industrial waste residue |
| CN113716583A (en) * | 2021-09-22 | 2021-11-30 | 西安交通大学 | Method for preparing 4A zeolite by using MSWI fly ash and red mud hydrothermal method |
| CN114713601A (en) * | 2022-03-28 | 2022-07-08 | 辽宁海天阁环保科技有限公司 | Point-to-point directional treatment and utilization method for waste incineration fly ash |
| CN114751664A (en) * | 2022-04-07 | 2022-07-15 | 辽宁海天阁环保科技有限公司 | Waste incineration fly ash geopolymer and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105198129A (en) * | 2015-11-09 | 2015-12-30 | 浙江工业大学 | Synergic treatment method of heavy metals in hazardous waste incineration plant wastewater and fly ash |
| CN105948066A (en) * | 2016-04-26 | 2016-09-21 | 重庆大学 | Method for adding seed crystal for induced hydrothermal stabilization of heavy metals in incinerated waste fly ash |
| CN108188145A (en) * | 2017-12-28 | 2018-06-22 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | A kind of stabilization method of arsenic-containing waste residue |
| CN108545936A (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2018-09-18 | 淄博泰康轻工制品有限公司 | Anti slip glass ice cup |
| CN111360024A (en) * | 2020-03-12 | 2020-07-03 | 浙江美臣新材料科技有限公司 | Method for deeply removing soluble components in industrial waste residue |
| CN111360024B (en) * | 2020-03-12 | 2021-12-24 | 浙江美臣新材料科技有限公司 | Method for deeply removing soluble components in industrial waste residue |
| CN113716583A (en) * | 2021-09-22 | 2021-11-30 | 西安交通大学 | Method for preparing 4A zeolite by using MSWI fly ash and red mud hydrothermal method |
| CN114713601A (en) * | 2022-03-28 | 2022-07-08 | 辽宁海天阁环保科技有限公司 | Point-to-point directional treatment and utilization method for waste incineration fly ash |
| CN114751664A (en) * | 2022-04-07 | 2022-07-15 | 辽宁海天阁环保科技有限公司 | Waste incineration fly ash geopolymer and preparation method thereof |
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