CN104982324B - A kind of breeding method of the high pakchoi type winter rape variety of superpower cold-resistant high yield - Google Patents
A kind of breeding method of the high pakchoi type winter rape variety of superpower cold-resistant high yield Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of breeding methods of superpower high pakchoi type winter rape variety of cold-resistant high yield, do female parent with winter habit Chinese cabbage type winter rape variety, winter habit Chinese cabbage type winter rape high yield kind does male parent, and hybridization obtains F1 generation；Part F1 generation is freezed in low temperature phjytotron, gradually releases low temperature stress, overwintering, harvest survival cold-resistant single plant under winter natural conditions；In 1 generation of residual F, is seeded in overwintering under identification garden natural conditions, harvest survival cold-resistant single plant；Survival cold-resistant single plant is F2 generation；F2 is seeded in cold-resistant identification garden for single plant, overwintering under natural conditions, harvests safe overwintering single plant, obtains F3 generation；The process for repeating to obtain F2 generation successively obtains F4 generation, F5 generation and F6 generation；Strain comparison is carried out since F6 generation, elite plant strain is selected to enter identification garden, obtains the Chinese cabbage type New cultivars of oilseed rape of the high oil of superpower cold-resistant high yield.The selection breeding procedures are simple, blindness is small, efficiency of selection is high.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to rapeseed breeding technical field, it is related to a kind of high pakchoi type winter rape variety of superpower cold-resistant high yield
Breeding method.
Background technique
The area northern China Han Han, which develops winter rape production, can not only increase winter-spring season vegetation coverage, and it is cultivated to solve autumn and winter
Ground leaves unused problem, avoids autumn ploughing from the sand-dust source caused by farming activities such as sowing in spring, simultaneously because winter rape high yield, high oil content, early
Ripe, rear stubble is suitable for multiple cropping, can change traditional be harvested for one time each year to yield two crops a year or 2 years three ripe.Therefore, winter rape not only can be improved
Multiple crop index and land area of one unit economic benefit, simultaneously, it may have significant ecological benefits.
But northern area winter, spring are windy, evaporation capacity is big, and weather severe cold, arid, ecological environment is severe, extremely minimum
Temperature is -22.7~-35.0 DEG C, and 1657.1~2148.8mm of annual mean ground temperature, common winter habit winter rape variety is difficult to get over
Winter, winter habit winter rape variety of the breeding with excellent winter resistance are the matters of utmost importance of regional development winter rape production.And breeding
The improvement of method is that breeding adapts to the winter habit winter rape variety of northern severe cold natural conditions and solves the cold area's winter rape peace of North Dry
Complete overwintering key.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of breeding method of superpower high oil white type winter rape variety of cold-resistant high yield, Neng Gouxuan
Educate the winter rape variety for adapting to northern severe cold natural conditions.
To achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is that: a kind of superpower cold-resistant high yield high pakchoi type winter
The breeding method of rape variety, which is characterized in that the breeding method specifically sequentially includes the following steps:
1) female parent is done with winter habit Chinese cabbage type winter rape variety, male parent is done with winter habit Chinese cabbage type winter rape high yield kind, is hybridized
Obtain F1 generation；
2) part F1 generation is placed in -15 DEG C of low temperature phjytotron freezing 120h, low temperature stress is then gradually released, in room
It is overwintering under outer winter natural conditions, harvest survival cold-resistant single plant；
The F1 generation of remainder is seeded in the identification garden of identification seed cold performance, overwintering under natural conditions, harvest is deposited
Cold-resistant single plant living；
Survival cold-resistant single plant is F2 generation；
3) in the F2 generation that step 2 obtains, is seeded in cold-resistant identification garden by single plant, each single plant is a strain, natural
Under the conditions of it is overwintering, harvest safe overwintering single plant, obtain F3 generation；
4) by F3, economic characters are excellent in obtains F4 generation by the method for step 2 with the high single plant of oil content, by F4 Dai Zhongjing
Helping, character is excellent and the high single plant of oil content, obtains F5 generation by the method for step 2, by economic characters in F5 generation are excellent and oil content
High single plant obtains F6 generation by the method for step 2；
6) strain comparison is carried out since F6 generation, elite plant strain is selected to enter identification garden, obtain the high oil of superpower cold-resistant high yield
Chinese cabbage type New cultivars of oilseed rape.
Breeding method of the present invention has the characteristics that breeding procedures are simple, blindness is small, efficiency of selection is high.Utilize the breeding side
Method, applicant has selected multiple superpower cold-resistant Chinese cabbage type winter rape varieties, and is applied to Beijing, Xinjiang, Tibet, Gansu and river
The ground such as north Rape-seed production.The incubation of these kinds and be applied to production, by China's winter rape growing area by the sweet of north latitude 35-degree or so
The respectful sky and water are moved northward to the ground such as Beijing and Altay, Xinjiang, and huge economic benefit, ecological benefits and social benefit are produced.At present
Other than this seminar has selected multiple superpower cold-resistant Chinese cabbage type winter rape varieties using the method for innovation, other cold-resistants are had no
Breeding method and the report for being bred as cold-resistant kind.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the breeding flow chart of the superpower cold-resistant winter rape of embodiment 1 " Gansu Province oil 7 " (MXW-1).
Fig. 2 is the breeding flow chart of embodiment the last 2 cold-resistant winter rape " Gansu Province oil 8 " (WYW-1).
Fig. 3 is that the superpower cold-resistant winter rape " Gansu Province oil 7 " of 1 breeding of embodiment and the cold-resistant identification of existing winter habit rape try
Test comparison diagram.
Fig. 4 is cold-resistant qualification test of the strong cold-resistant winter rape " Gansu Province oil 8 " of 2 breeding of embodiment with existing winter habit rape
Comparison diagram.
Specific embodiment
The following describes the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The present invention provides a kind of breeding methods of superpower cold-resistant high yield Chinese cabbage type winter rape variety, to obtain with excellent
Winter resistance, yielding ability and eurytopic kind.The breeding method specifically sequentially includes the following steps:
1) female parent is done with winter habit Chinese cabbage type winter rape variety A, male parent is done with winter habit Chinese cabbage type winter rape high yield kind B, it is miscellaneous
Friendship obtains F1 generation；
2) part F1 generation is placed in -15 DEG C of low temperature phjytotron freezing 120h, low temperature stress is then gradually released, in room
It is overwintering under -20~-30 DEG C of natural conditions of outer winter, harvest survival cold-resistant single plant；
The F1 generation of remainder is seeded in the mirror for being used to identify seed cold performance that extreme low temperature is -27~-32 DEG C
Determine garden, overwintering, harvest survival cold-resistant single plant under natural conditions；
Survival cold-resistant single plant is F2 generation；
3) in the F2 generation that step 2 obtains, is seeded in the cold-resistant identification garden of extreme low temperature -27~-32 DEG C by single plant, each
Single plant is a strain, overwintering under natural conditions, harvests safe overwintering single plant, obtains F3 generation；
4) economy and oil content for investigating F3 generation, select economic characters excellent and the high single plant of oil content is by step 2
Method obtains F4 generation, investigates the economic characters and oil content in F4 generation；It selects F4 for economic characters are excellent and the high single plant of oil content, presses
The method of step 2 obtains F5 generation, investigates the economic characters and oil content in F5 generation, selects F5 excellent high with oil content for economic characters
Single plant, obtain F6 generation by the method for step 2；
6) strain comparison is carried out since F6 generation, elite plant strain is selected to enter identification garden, obtain the high oil of superpower cold-resistant high yield
Chinese cabbage type New cultivars of oilseed rape.
The principle of breeding method of the present invention: Chinese cabbage type winter rape is the genetic equilibrium group of genotype heterozygosis, and F1 occurs
Separation.Start to handle under cryogenic by F1 or overwintering, the genotype of winter resistance difference can be eliminated, survival genes type passes through
Open pollination reaches Cold resistant genes and mutually transmits recombination, forms the excellent new Cold resistant genes type of winter resistance.
Embodiment 1: the breeding of superpower cold-resistant winter rape " Gansu Province oil 7 " (MXW-1), breeding process are as shown in Figure 1.
1) in late April, 1996 is made maternal with old strong nozzle rape of winter resistance, and the excellent day oil 1 of yielding ability is male parent
Hybridization, assembles cross combination, obtains F1 generation；
2) F1 is sowed in 1996-1997: 1996 year autumn (late August), Lanzhou；Hybrids F1 is placed in -15 DEG C of low temperature people
Work climatic chamber handles 120h, then gradually releases low temperature stress, and (- 20 ~ -30 DEG C) are overwintering under Lanzhou City in Winter natural conditions, choosing
Select survival cold-resistant single plant；In late April, 1997 carries out bagging selfing, obtains F2 seed, harvests by single plant, harvests 188 lists altogether
The stripping flower bud of strain gives free pollination seed certainly.
3) 1997-1998: 1997 year autumn (late August) sows the F2 seed of 188 strains in Jingyuan；1998 3
After the last ten-days period moon turn green, the wintering rate of each strain is investigated, the wintering rate of 188 systems is 16~95%；Late April selects wintering rate
In 80% or more system, the phenological period of each system is recorded, obtains F3 seed；It in the maturity period (early June), (is bloomed according to prematureness
With it is mature it is early late) and economic characters carry out whole choosing, be selected in 35 systems, wherein precocious system 16, gets bumper crops, late-maturing system 19
It is a.
4) 1998-1999: 1998 year autumn (late August) is sowed in Jingyuan selects system to carry out yield preparation examination in 35
It tests；After in late March, 1999 is turned green, the wintering rate of each system is investigated, the wintering rate of 35 systems is 40 ~ 100%；Late April choosing
The system that wintering rate is selected 80% or more carries out field competition, records the phenological period of each system, carries out yield, warp to system of participating in the experiment
Help character observation, while carrying out observation analysis to breeding time, wintering rate, winter resistance etc..Maturity period (early June), according to precocity
Property (bloom and mature early late) and economic characters and yield preliminary experiment selected, selected 20 systems, wherein precocious line
System 4, high yield, late-maturing system 16.Harvest the free pollination seed of 20 systems.
5) the strange land Yield test test of 1999-2000: 20 systems is tested with cold hardness evaluation；In Jingyuan, quintar
The strange land Yield test test for carrying out 20 systems is tested with cold hardness evaluation.It is tried according to the strange land Yield test of Jingyuan, quintar
It tests and is tested with cold hardness evaluation, select the excellent system of yield, resistance, group is built into the similar system merging of character, is merged altogether, group
5 groups are built, POP1, POP2, POP3, POP4, POP5 are named as, wherein system POP1, POP2, POP3 merges, and is named as
MXW-1。
6) it 2002-2003: is tried in the strange land Yield test test that Jingyuan, quintar carry out 5 strains with cold hardness evaluation
It tests.The excellent strain MXW- of yield, resistance is selected according to the test of the strange land Yield test of Jingyuan, quintar and cold hardness evaluation test
1。
7) 2003-2007: multiple spot examination is carried out on Jingyuan, Lanzhou, Lintao, Linxia, Yongdeng, Wuwei, Zhangye, Jiuquan and other places
It tests, carries out Yield test test and adaptability qualification test, choose high yield, the Gansu Province late-maturing strain MXW-1(oil 7).
The superpower cold-resistant winter rape " Gansu Province oil 7 " carries out cold-resistant identification with existing winter habit rape under the conditions of -31.6 DEG C
Test, identify comparison diagram, as shown in figure 3, show in figure Gansu Province oil No. 7 safe overwinterings, other kinds fail it is overwintering, all because low
Warm freeze injury is dead.
Embodiment 2: the breeding of superpower cold-resistant winter rape " Gansu Province oil 8 " (WYW-1), breeding process are as shown in Figure 2.
1) in late April, 1996 is made maternal with old strong nozzle rape of winter resistance, yielding ability it is excellent to prolong oil 2 be male parent
Hybridization, assembles cross combination.
2) F1 is sowed in 1996-1997: 1996 year autumn (late August), Lanzhou；Hybrids F1 is placed in -15 DEG C of low temperature people
Work climatic chamber handles 120h, then gradually releases low temperature stress, and (- 20 ~ -30 DEG C) are overwintering under Lanzhou City in Winter natural conditions, choosing
Select survival cold-resistant single plant；In late April, 1997 carries out bagging selfing, obtains F2 seed, harvests by single plant, harvests 188 lists altogether
The stripping flower bud of strain gives free pollination seed certainly.
3) 1997-1998: 1997 year autumn (late August) sows the F2 seed of 178 strains in Jingyuan；1998 3
After the last ten-days period moon turn green, the wintering rate of each strain is investigated, the wintering rate of 178 systems is 20~93%；Late April selects wintering rate
In 80% or more system, the phenological period of each system is recorded, obtains F3 seed；It in the maturity period (early June), (is bloomed according to prematureness
With it is mature it is early late) and economic characters carry out whole choosing, be selected in 24 systems, number is WYW-1 ~ WYW-24, wherein precocity system
15, high yield, late-maturing system 9.
4) 1998-1999: 1998 year autumn (late August) is sowed in Jingyuan selects system to carry out yield preparation examination in 24
It tests；After in late March, 1999 is turned green, the wintering rate of each system is investigated, the wintering rate of 24 systems is 50~100%；Late April
Select wintering rate 80% or more system carry out field competition, record the phenological period of each system, to participate in the experiment system carry out yield,
Economic characters are investigated, while to breeding time, wintering rate, the progress observation analysis such as winter resistance.Maturity period (early June), according to morning
Maturity (it is early slow with maturation to bloom) and economic characters and yield preliminary experiment are selected, and 20 systems, mid-early maturity are selected in
System 16, high yield, late-maturing system 4.Harvest the free pollination seed of 20 systems.
5) the strange land Yield test test of 1999-2000: 20 systems is tested with cold hardness evaluation；In Jingyuan, quintar
The Yield test and cold hardness evaluation for carrying out 20 systems are tested.According to Jingyuan, the test of quintar Yield test is reflected with winter resistance
Fixed test, selects precocious and yield, resistance excellent system WYW-1.
6) 2002-2003: in Jingyuan, the ground such as quintar carry out the test of strain Yield test and test with cold hardness evaluation.
7) 2003-2005: the test of strain Yield test is carried out on Jingyuan, Lanzhou and other places and is tested with cold hardness evaluation.
8) 2005-2007: multiple spot examination is carried out on Jingyuan, Lanzhou, Lintao, Linxia, Yongdeng, Wuwei, Zhangye, Jiuquan and other places
It tests, carries out Yield test test and adaptability qualification test, choose high yield, the Gansu Province early-set Line WYW-1(oil 8).
9) 2006-2008: pilot production is carried out on Lanzhou and other places.
The strong cold-resistant winter rape " Gansu Province oil 8 " carries out cold-resistant identification with existing winter habit rape under the conditions of -31.6 DEG C and tries
Test, identify comparison diagram, as shown in figure 4, show in figure Gansu Province oil No. 8 safe overwinterings, other kinds fail it is overwintering, all because of low temperature
Freeze injury is dead.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of breeding method of the high pakchoi type winter rape variety of superpower cold-resistant high yield, which is characterized in that breeding method tool
Body sequentially includes the following steps:
1) female parent is done with winter habit Chinese cabbage old nozzle rape of type winter rape variety, with winter habit Chinese cabbage type winter rape high yield kind day oil 1
Number or prolong oil 2 and do male parent, hybridization obtains F1 generation；
2) in part F1 generation, is placed in -15 DEG C of low temperature phjytotron freezing 120h, low temperature stress is then gradually released, in outdoor
It is overwintering under winter natural conditions, harvest survival cold-resistant single plant；
In the F1 generation of remainder, is seeded in the identification garden of identification seed cold performance, overwintering, harvest survival under natural conditions
Cold-resistant single plant；
Survival cold-resistant single plant is F2 generation；
3) in the F2 generation that step 2 obtains, is seeded in cold-resistant identification garden by single plant, each single plant is a strain, natural item
It is overwintering under part, system of the wintering rate 80% or more is selected, safe overwintering single plant is harvested, obtains F3 generation；
4) by F3, economic characters are excellent in obtains F4 generation by the method for step 2 with the high single plant of oil content, by F4 generation
Middle economic characters are excellent and the high single plant of oil content, obtain F5 generation by the method for step 2, and economic characters in F5 generation are excellent
The high single plant with oil content obtains F6 generation by the method for step 2；
5) strain comparison is carried out since F6 generation, elite plant strain is selected to enter identification garden, obtain the high oil of superpower cold-resistant high yield
Chinese cabbage type New cultivars of oilseed rape；
Finishing screen selects the superpower cold-resistant winter rape of energy safe overwintering under conditions of -31.6 DEG C.
2. the breeding method of the high pakchoi type winter rape variety of superpower cold-resistant high yield according to claim 1, feature
It is, the temperature in the step 2 under outdoor winter natural conditions is -20~-30 DEG C.
3. the breeding method of the high pakchoi type winter rape variety of superpower cold-resistant high yield according to claim 1, feature
It is, in the step 2, F1 generation is seeded in the identification garden that extreme low temperature is -27~-32 DEG C.
4. the breeding method of the high pakchoi type winter rape variety of superpower cold-resistant high yield according to claim 1, feature
It is, in the step 3), F2 generation is seeded in the identification garden that extreme low temperature is -27~-32 DEG C.
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| CN106613912A (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2017-05-10 | 甘肃农业大学 | Breeding method of brassica napus winter rape variety with high cold resistance, high yield and good quality |
| CN106804280A (en) * | 2017-04-01 | 2017-06-09 | 中国农业科学院油料作物研究所 | A kind of method of Rapid identification rape cold resistance |
| CN107896979B (en) * | 2017-11-16 | 2019-11-22 | 甘肃农业大学 | The selection of the excellent plant type of winter habit Chinese cabbage type winter rape |
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| CN101595837A (en) * | 2009-07-13 | 2009-12-09 | 陕西省杂交油菜研究中心 | The selection of rape extra-high-speed oil germplasm and high-oil hybrid thereof |
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| WO2009094401A2 (en) * | 2008-01-22 | 2009-07-30 | Ceres, Inc. | Nucleotide sequences and polypeptides encoded thereby useful for modifying plant characteristics in response to cold |
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| CN101595837A (en) * | 2009-07-13 | 2009-12-09 | 陕西省杂交油菜研究中心 | The selection of rape extra-high-speed oil germplasm and high-oil hybrid thereof |
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