CN104978864A - Intelligent controller for traffic signal lamps at crossroad - Google Patents
Intelligent controller for traffic signal lamps at crossroad Download PDFInfo
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- CN104978864A CN104978864A CN201510404940.1A CN201510404940A CN104978864A CN 104978864 A CN104978864 A CN 104978864A CN 201510404940 A CN201510404940 A CN 201510404940A CN 104978864 A CN104978864 A CN 104978864A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an intelligent controller for traffic signal lamps at a crossroad. The intelligent controller comprises active infrared intrusion detectors arranged on lane exits of the crossroad and waiting entrances of waiting sections, and active infrared intrusion detectors arranged on the pavement of stand and waiting zone of a sidewalk. The intelligent controller counts the number of vehicles entering into a lane vehicle waiting zone, and changes vehicle releasing time of the lanes on a real-time basis according to the traffic situation of the lane exits.
Description
(1) technical field:
The present invention relates to crossroad access signal lamp intelligent controller, it is by the infrared emission device of porch of waiting being loaded on crossroad each track flow export and section of waiting, and coordinate walkway to stand on road surface, waiting area installation infrared to injection device, for counting the vehicle number entering this track section of waiting, and according to each track flow export place wagon flow stream of people situation, change this track vehicle in real time and let pass the time.
(2) background technology:
In urban road network, grade crossing is the bottleneck of road passage capability.Special very crowded in commuter time traffic, vehicle is quite time-consuming by intersection, therefore some country adopts aptitude manner to control traffic signals, the new transport system of the complexity of a kind of informationization that it mainly uses the new and high technologies such as GPS GPS to transform traditional transportation system and is formed, intellectuality, socialization.But, outer mainly still the taking of Present Domestic carrys out optimization of road joints Traffic signal control according to road traffic measurement assessment and Principle of Statistics, vehicle flowrate measurement is the contactless traffic information collecting apparatus in a kind of road surface, adopt and receive vehicle reflection wave, the vehicle flowrate by surveyed area is added up by the change of low and high level, the microwave vehicle detecting device such as adopted it can be arranged on trackside lamp stand on or on special column, when the radar wave region that vehicle is launched by microwave generating apparatus, vehicle is detected.
Also the embedded underground inductive coil adopted near all directions at crossing is had, when automobile will produce eddy current loss through out-of-date, the inductance of ring-type insulated line starts to reduce, passing through of automobile can be detected, but inductive coil volume is approximately 2 meters × 2 meters, installs inconvenient and easily damaged by pressure and be difficult to widely use.
(3) summary of the invention:
Due to the staggered current interference mutually of the various wagon flow in intersection and the stream of people, its traffic capacity reduces greatly compared with independent section, traffic behavior is more complicated, affects the unimpeded of whole road network.In order to improve the safety intersection of vehicle, conflicting wagon flow does not allow to let pass to vehicle simultaneously.Solution be in one-period, the time is divided into several sections and distribute to different wagon flow to vehicle let pass.The general traffic lights that all adopt command vehicle pass-through, and its Traffic signal control is usually with artificial prediction or calculate traffic light time through complicated algorithm.That then commands both direction with the various combination of red, yellow, and green lamp respectively is open to traffic with forbidden, indicates as countdown with LED charactron.
But the crossroad access signal lamp control system of current use is a kind of timing clearance system; the vehicle of its setting is let pass and no thoroughfare for vehicles, and the time is all changeless; because crossroad often there will be the busy situation difference in each track; at this moment the vehicle on busy track also will wait for that the wagon flow of conflict terminated just to be allowed to let pass to fixing " clearance " time in idle track, this quality time just greatly wasted limited road traffic resource and go out pedestrian.
Therefore, need to measure each track vehicle fleet size so that the timing scheme of real-time control signal lamp.But current various vehicle measurement means is only applicable to flow measurement mode vehicle flowrate because surveying instrument complex structure involves great expense measures assessment.
The wait section of native system when being arranged to red light from flow export 50-100 rice section, track, one pair of infrared emission device is respectively installed in flow export place, each track and the porch of waiting in section of waiting at the parting of the ways in employing, this porch infrared emission device of waiting coordinates flow export place, track infrared emission device, for counting the vehicle number entering this track section of waiting, it is the foundation of this track vehicle clearance time.Infrared emission device is made up of infrared transmitter, infrared receiving set, but infrared beam need be focused into thinner parallel beam by the optical lens focusing being placed in Transmitting and Receiving End respectively by its infrared beam, concentrates transmission to enable the energy of infrared light.The infrared beam flying pulse signal that infrared transmitter is launched under Single-chip Controlling, each cycle of this signal is made up of two broad pulses and two burst pulses, a wide low level pulse is sent out in the ending of each cycle, when with broad pulse representative digit " 1 ", burst pulse representative digit " 0 " then easily uses 4 kinds of different permutation and combination, such as 1010, 0110, 0101, 1100 etc., identify the infrared beam flying pulse signal that in the infrared emission device on 4 tracks, infrared diode sends, single-chip microcomputer adopts and interrupts or inquiry mode reception infrared beam flying pulse signal, when in infrared receiving set, infrared sensor receives, by single-chip microcomputer to its send and IR light beam pulses signal that it receives compare identification, extract the credible pulse signal of this frequency, effective eliminating external interference.
When there being vehicle to pass through, relevant infrared emission device produces obstruction signal, the infrared beam flying pulse signal that infrared sensor receives send single-chip microcomputer process after filter and amplification shaping, single-chip microcomputer obtains breaking time to by the infrared beam flying pulse signal timing of interdicting, single-chip microcomputer is also to the infrared beam flying pulse count signal that infrared sensor receives simultaneously, conversion obtains interval time, wherein express certain vehicle breaking time and pass through the time, it is relevant with the speed of a motor vehicle and Vehicle length, also represent vehicle dwell time, a breaking time represents that a car passes through, therefore the vehicle count to passing through can be realized, represent fore-aft vehicle distance in wagon flow interval time, also with temporarily pass through relevant with or without vehicle.
Meanwhile, pedestrian stand or process road surface, waiting area on the suitable a few row's infrared emission devices of packing density, someone stands or through waiting area, inevitablely all or part ofly block infrared beam.Therefore the intensity of the infrared beam flying pulse signal that receiving end exports can change, when not blocking, infrared radiation receiving circuit produces high level signal, otherwise generation low level signal, therefore, enter according to pedestrian, stand and wait, the change of each acceptance point low and high level that state causes such as when walking out waiting area, assessment waiting area pedestrian's quantity, the infrared beam flying pulse signal that in infrared receiving set, infrared sensor receives, after the pre-process of filter and amplification, again through the classification of 3-5 step voltage comparer, its every voltage order one comparer arranges different threshold value, and be connected to the I/O mouth of single-chip microcomputer respectively, single-chip microcomputer adds up the flow of the people by surveyed area by the change of low and high level, the green light time is determined with this.
During system cloud gray model, namely when certain wagon flow is to no through traffic during when red, by waiting the vehicle number in section and original vehicle number of not letting pass to entering this track, show that entering this track waits the vehicle fleet in section, and when the green light time measures clearance simultaneously by the vehicle number at flow export place, track with enter the wait vehicle number in section of this track and obtain to when red vehicle number of not letting pass.
The infrared emission device of flow export place, each track installation at the parting of the ways, the vehicle to be released such as whether to have for being identified in flow export place, track, and the vehicle number measured by flow export place, track when letting pass, measure the interval time of letting pass by the fore-aft vehicle at flow export place, track, for judging the vehicle congestion situation needing to let pass simultaneously.If conflict the green light time from wagon flow to track at the end of, the vehicle that this flow export place, track is etc. not to be released, then the green light time in this track gets the shortest time, the described shortest time must wait for current stream of people's situation depending on the wagon flow of conflict on the walkway in track, the infrared beam flying pulse signal that it is received by infrared sensor, by voltage comparator by different threshold value classification, the expression walkway of infrared beam flying pulse signal voltage height waits for that current pedestrian is how many, 5 seconds-30 seconds shortest times how much are got according to pedestrian, pass through for allowing pedestrian.When green light, let pass by exceeding setting value the interval time of the fore-aft vehicle at flow export place, track if measured, such as 5-12 second, namely think that clearance vehicle is little, if now the green light time has exceeded the described shortest time, then enter green light countdown in 15 seconds immediately, otherwise get the shortest time.
Measure and let pass by time of blocking of every portion vehicle at flow export place, track and interval time, again by vehicle fleet that section of waiting waits for a green light, by time of blocking and addition interval time of every portion vehicle, get identical value 2-4 second its interval time, obtain the clearance time that this flows to track vehicle, if this flows to the track green light time when closing to an end, still have and enter this track more than 5-8 car and to wait section, the wagon flow of simultaneously conflicting does not have vehicle to wait to track, then green light time delay 10-30 second, green time is longer, the vehicle number passed through is more, green time occupation rate reflects the bus capacity at crossing, namely should meet a wagon flow to vehicle pass-through demand larger, the green time distributing to it is longer, because this programme traffick number summation is more than waiting vehicle number, therefore the vehicle delay time at stop is substantially reduced.
Single-chip microcomputer constantly receives the infrared beam flying pulse signal that in flow export place, each track infrared emission device, infrared diode sends at ordinary times, if certain track continues 15-30 at green light time infrared sensor do not receive infrared beam flying pulse signal second, namely alerting signal is sent, system transfers the work of traffic lights time control pattern to, control model when signal normally recovers to become again.Infrared band in sunshine is wider, and the infrared band energy of characteristic frequency is little, very little on the impact of infrared receiving set, and in order to anti-interference, ultrared power selects bigger numerical depending on crossroad weather conditions as far as possible.Although active infra-red greatly reduces the impact of the change of weather on injection device, but in order to safety, in infrared emission device, single-chip microcomputer constantly checks the infrared beam flying pulse signal that infrared sensor receives, when long-time abnormal infrared beam undesired signal discovery 15-40 second, affect infrared emission device normally to work, namely when it is not described infrared beam flying pulse signal, then the work of traffic lights time control pattern is transferred to, control model when signal normally recovers to become again.
Crossroad comprise east orientation west, west eastwards, south orientation north, the southern wagon flow of north orientation to, every bar wagon flow to all comprising 1-2 Through Lane and track of turning left and turn right, above-mentioned wagon flow to each track flow export one pair of infrared emission device is installed.The stop line of signal lamp intersection, represent the parking spot that vehicle waits for a green light, namely in the track center of road surface stop line 0 ﹒ 5 meters-1 meter inwards, bury the infrared diode of emitter underground, infrared sensor in its receiving trap is installed on the traffic signals lamp stand of trackside or the transverse arm of special column, if the stop line of traffic signals lamp stand and track flow export has certain distance, when calculating is waited several, be converted to by this distance number of waiting, be generally 1-3 car.For the ease of the debugging of infrared emission device, transverse arm is installed on directly over infrared diode, namely the plane orthogonal that formed of transverse arm and infrared diode is in road surface, transverse arm height is 3 ﹒ 5 meters-7 meters, transverse arm length gets 3-6 rice depending on width of roadway, transverse arm is provided with equally distributed 3-4 the infrared sensor corresponding with track.
At the circular hole that the infrared diode installation site drill diameter on road surface is the dark 20CM of 8-12CM, be the steel pipe of 8-12CM height 20CM by resin glue fixed outer diameter in circular hole, steel pipe bottom welding bottom seals, steel pipe two bottom sides leaves the hole of drainpipe and cable tube, drainpipe is through the lower end of steel tubing portions, be drilled with several aperture for steel duct water flowing, above the drainpipe bottom steel pipe, place wire netting, for isolating sandstone.Steel duct is welded with support, and fixed head is fixed on support, and infrared diode external member is fixed on fixed head, support leaves the hole of strip, for through screw, makes fixed head fixed position adjustable.Light that in infrared emission device, infrared diode sends must aim at the infrared sensor in receiving trap, can help to aim at by Infrared locator etc., aims at rear screw, pad, anti-skid washer, silica gel Shockproof gasket make fixed head be fixed on support.Road surface install steel pipe upper end fix a cover plate through screw, a circular glass sheet is inlayed at cover plate central position, for the light sent through infrared diode, circular glass plate plane a little less than metal cover board plane to reduce friction.
(4) accompanying drawing illustrates:
Fig. 1 is that crossroad wagon flow is to distribution plan;
Fig. 2 is that described infrared diode buries schematic diagram underground.
(5) embodiment:
The crossroad wagon flow of crossroad access signal lamp intelligent controller to distribution plan as shown in Figure 1, this crossroad wagon flow is to distribution plan, only represent the one that various dissimilar wagon flow controls to distribution and wagon flow thereof, the control system that other type wagon flow controls to distribution and wagon flow thereof is easily obtained by analogy.When in Fig. 1 being East and West direction when red, in north-south, A is the straight-through green light time with turning right, and B is the green light time of turning left
Described infrared diode buries schematic diagram underground as shown in Figure 2.Its structure comprises: steel pipe (1), cover plate (2), circular glass sheet (3), infrared diode external member (4), fixed head (5), screw kit (6), support (7), terminal box (8), wire (9), wire netting (10), cable tube (11), drainpipe (12), bottom (13) are formed, and wherein screw kit (6) is made up of screw, nut, pad, anti-skid washer, silica gel Shockproof gasket.During installation, support (7) plane center line should with line parallel in the transverse arm of installation infrared sensor.For the hole through screw in screw kit (6) on support (7), it is a kind of elongate aperture along support (7) plane center line direction, make fixed head (5) fixed position adjustable, and by screw, nut, pad, anti-skid washer, silica gel Shockproof gasket, fixed head (5) is fixed on support (7).
Traffic controller is made up of single-chip microcomputer 89C52, EEPRAM24C32, light-emitting diode display module and power module, wherein EEPRAM24C32 is for preserving data, light-emitting diode display module comprises driving circuit and display circuit, and it connects, by Single-chip Controlling with the I/O mouth of single-chip microcomputer 89C52.
Claims (2)
1. crossroad access signal lamp intelligent controller, it is characterized in that, section of waiting when being arranged to red light from flow export 50-100 rice section, track, one pair of infrared emission device is respectively installed in flow export place, each track and the porch of waiting in section of waiting at the parting of the ways in employing, the infrared beam flying pulse signal that infrared transmitter is launched under Single-chip Controlling, each cycle of this signal is made up of two broad pulses and two burst pulses, a wide low level pulse is sent out in the ending of each cycle, when with broad pulse representative digit " 1 ", burst pulse representative digit " 0 " then easily uses 4 kinds of different permutation and combination, 1010, 0110, 0101, 1100, identify the infrared beam flying pulse signal on 4 tracks, single-chip microcomputer adopts and interrupts or inquiry mode reception infrared beam flying pulse signal, when in infrared receiving set, infrared sensor receives, by single-chip microcomputer to its send and IR light beam pulses signal that it receives compare identification, extract the credible pulse signal of this frequency, effective eliminating external interference,
When there being vehicle to pass through, relevant infrared emission device produces obstruction signal, the infrared beam flying pulse signal that infrared sensor receives send single-chip microcomputer process after filter and amplification shaping, single-chip microcomputer obtains breaking time to by the infrared beam flying pulse signal timing of interdicting, infrared beam flying pulse count signal, conversion that simultaneously single-chip microcomputer also receives infrared sensor obtain interval time, a breaking time represents that a car passes through, and therefore can realize the vehicle count to passing through
Simultaneously, pedestrian stand or process road surface, waiting area on the suitable a few row's infrared emission devices of packing density, someone stands or through waiting area, all or part ofly must block infrared beam, therefore the intensity of the infrared beam flying pulse signal that receiving end exports can change, therefore, enter according to pedestrian, the change of each acceptance point low and high level that state causes when walking out waiting area, assessment waiting area pedestrian's quantity, the infrared beam flying pulse signal that in infrared receiving set, infrared sensor receives, after the pre-process of filter and amplification, again through the classification of 3-5 step voltage comparer, its every voltage order one comparer arranges different threshold value, and be connected to the I/O mouth of single-chip microcomputer respectively, single-chip microcomputer adds up the flow of the people by surveyed area by the change of low and high level, the green light time is determined with this,
Namely when certain wagon flow is to no through traffic during when red, by waiting the vehicle number in section and original vehicle number of not letting pass to entering this track, show that entering this track waits the vehicle fleet in section, and when the green light time measures clearance simultaneously by the vehicle number at flow export place, track with enter the wait vehicle number in section of this track and obtain to when red vehicle number of not letting pass;
The infrared emission device of flow export place, each track installation at the parting of the ways, the vehicle to be released such as whether to have for being identified in flow export place, track, and the vehicle number measured by flow export place, track when letting pass, measure the interval time of letting pass by the fore-aft vehicle at flow export place, track simultaneously, for judging the vehicle congestion situation needing to let pass, if conflict the green light time from wagon flow to track at the end of, the vehicle that this flow export place, track is etc. not to be released, then the green light time in this track gets the shortest time, the described shortest time must wait for current stream of people's situation depending on the wagon flow of conflict on the walkway in track, the infrared beam flying pulse signal that it is received by infrared sensor, by voltage comparator by different threshold value classification, the expression walkway of infrared beam flying pulse signal voltage height waits for that current pedestrian is how many, 5 seconds-30 seconds shortest times how much are got according to pedestrian, pass through for allowing pedestrian, when green light, let pass by exceeding setting value the interval time of the fore-aft vehicle at flow export place, track if measured, namely think that clearance vehicle is little, if now the green light time has exceeded the described shortest time, then enter green light countdown in 15 seconds immediately, otherwise get the shortest time,
If this flows to the track green light time when closing to an end, still have and enter this track more than 5-8 car and to wait section, the wagon flow of simultaneously conflicting does not have vehicle to wait to track, then green light time delay 10-30 second, and green time is longer, and the vehicle number passed through is more;
Single-chip microcomputer constantly receives the infrared beam flying pulse signal that in flow export place, each track infrared emission device, infrared diode sends at ordinary times, if certain track continues 15-30 at green light time infrared sensor do not receive infrared beam flying pulse signal second, maybe when long-time abnormal infrared beam undesired signal discovery 15-40 second, affect infrared emission device normally to work, namely alerting signal is sent, system transfers the work of traffic lights time control pattern to, control model when signal normally recovers to become again;
In the track center of road surface stop line 0 ﹒ 5 meters-1 meter inwards, bury the infrared diode of emitter underground, infrared sensor in its receiving trap is installed on the traffic signals lamp stand of trackside or the transverse arm of special column, if the stop line of traffic signals lamp stand and track flow export has certain distance, when calculating is waited several, number of waiting is converted to by this distance, be generally 1-3 car, for the ease of the debugging of infrared emission device, transverse arm is installed on directly over infrared diode, namely the plane orthogonal that formed of transverse arm and infrared diode is in road surface, transverse arm height is 3 ﹒ 5 meters-7 meters, transverse arm length gets 3-6 rice depending on width of roadway, transverse arm is provided with equally distributed 3-4 the infrared sensor corresponding with track,
At the circular hole that the infrared diode installation site drill diameter on road surface is the dark 20CM of 8-12CM, be the steel pipe of 8-12CM height 20CM by resin glue fixed outer diameter in circular hole, steel pipe bottom welding bottom seals, steel pipe two bottom sides leaves the hole of drainpipe and cable tube, drainpipe is through the lower end of steel tubing portions, be drilled with several aperture for steel duct water flowing, wire netting is placed above drainpipe bottom steel pipe, for isolating sandstone, steel duct is welded with support, fixed head is fixed on support, infrared diode external member is fixed on fixed head, support leaves the hole of strip, for passing screw, make fixed head fixed position adjustable, the light that in infrared emission device, infrared diode sends must aim at the infrared sensor in receiving trap, aim at rear screw, pad, anti-skid washer, silica gel Shockproof gasket makes fixed head be fixed on support, a cover plate is fixed through screw in the steel pipe upper end of installing on road surface, a circular glass sheet is inlayed at cover plate central position, for the light sent through infrared diode, circular glass plate plane a little less than metal cover board plane to reduce friction.
2. crossroad access signal lamp intelligent controller according to claim 1, is characterized in that comprising:
Fig. 2 is that described infrared diode buries figure underground, by steel pipe (1), cover plate (2), circular glass sheet (3), infrared diode external member (4), fixed head (5), screw kit (6), support (7), terminal box (8), wire (9), wire netting (10), cable tube (11), drainpipe (12), bottom (13) is formed, wherein screw kit (6) is by screw, nut, pad, anti-skid washer, silica gel Shockproof gasket forms, during installation, support (7) plane center line should with line parallel in the transverse arm of installation infrared sensor, for the hole through screw in screw kit (6) on support (7), it is a kind of elongate aperture along support (7) plane center line direction, make fixed head (5) fixed position adjustable, and pass through screw, nut, pad, anti-skid washer, silica gel Shockproof gasket makes fixed head (5) be fixed on support (7).
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| CN105513387A (en) * | 2016-01-30 | 2016-04-20 | 山东星志智能交通科技有限公司 | Pedestrian passing signal lamp capable of being intelligently controlled |
| CN105551270A (en) * | 2016-01-30 | 2016-05-04 | 山东星志智能交通科技有限公司 | Intelligent traffic signal control system |
| CN106935042A (en) * | 2017-05-09 | 2017-07-07 | 深圳实现创新科技有限公司 | The control method and system of intelligent traffic light |
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