CN104963671A - Fracturing transformation method of highly-deviated cluster well reservoir - Google Patents
Fracturing transformation method of highly-deviated cluster well reservoir Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a fracturing transformation method of a highly-deviated cluster well reservoir, and belongs to the technical field of petroleum exploration and development. Firstly, the type of a fractured crack is determined according to the hole deviation angle and the azimuth angle of a cluster well, fracturing transformation is carried out on a target well capable of forming independent cracks after being pressed through a mechanical partition fracturing technology, and by means of perforation optimization, a multi-stage packer packing perforation section is laid into a shaft to form multiple independent parallel cracks for target transformation; as for a target well which can not form independent cracks after being pressed, the temporary plugging agent seam temporary plugging fracturing technology is adopted, and a temporary plugging agent is added during construction, so that multiple induced fractures are formed while main fractures are formed, and artificial fracture complexity is increased. Different fracturing technologies can be adopted according to different types of cracks generated after pressing; the mechanical partition fracturing technology is adopted for the well capable of forming the independent cracks; the temporary plugging fracturing technology is adopted for the well which can not form the independent cracks. Thus, the transformation size of the reservoir is increased to the largest extent, and the transformation effect is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the fracturing reform method of a kind of High angle from formula well reservoir, belong to petroleum exploration and development technical field.
Background technology
Generally reservoir effective permeability lower than 1 × 10
-3μm
2oil reservoir be defined as low-permeability oil deposit, fracturing reform is the only way of this kind of reservoir effective exploitation.Classical transformation thinking is in reservoir, make a crack grown as far as possible, and both sides, crack reservoir hydrocarbons imports pit shaft by this crack.And low permeability oil field generally adopts cluster well flooding pattern to develop.Along with the continuous reduction of employing reservoir properties lower limit, need the crack more grown to link up Reservoir Body, but the long flooding pattern that is subject to of pressure-break limit, and cannot extend further.In addition, High angle (hole angle is greater than 40 °) cluster well pit shaft orientation is different, fracture initiation and extend and straight well have bigger difference, the fracturing technique that becomes more meticulous at present for this kind of well is rare.
External shale oil gas reservoir modification Experience shows, reservoir reconstruction effect is with always transforming volume becomes positive correlation, and reservoir properties is poorer, more needs to expand and always transforms volume.Domestic practice by the pressure break expanded for the purpose of total reservoir reconstruction volume focuses mostly in horizontal well.In existing document, the patent No. be 200910243236.7 and 201310034785.X disclose two kinds in straight well, utilize oriented perforating technology, realize many cracks after pressure, expand the fracturing technology of total transformation volume.The defect of these two kinds of methods is not suitable for high angle hole cluster well, and need oriented perforating, and operating expenses is high.
For cluster well, on-the-spot pressing crack construction, generally according to interlayer developmental state, if interlayer physically well develops, then adopts mechanical partial pressure processes, if interlayer is grown poor, then adopts general combined pressure technique.This thinking is not for the different azimuth of each well object section, hole angle, and after the pressure caused thus, different types of fractures makes further meticulous optimization of fracturing design.If azimuth and hole angle unfavorable, as adopt mechanical dividing potential drop then packer cannot realize effective packing, two cracks that dividing potential drop is formed can finally accumulate a crack, cause packer to waste and affect fracturing effect, as adopt general combined pressure mode then pressure break time can be formed as a large crack in the good sand body of permeability, each sand body transformation is unbalanced, and fracturing reform effect is poor.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide the fracturing reform method of a kind of High angle from formula well reservoir, not become more meticulous the poor problem of fracturing reform effect that pressure break causes for different types of fractures to solve in current cluster well FRACTURING DESIGN.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above to provide the fracturing reform method of a kind of High angle from formula well reservoir, and this remodeling method comprises the following steps:
1) be independent crack or dependent crack according to the type in the crack produced from the hole angle of formula well, pit shaft orientation and biggest principal stress direction angle determination pressure break;
2) if the crack produced is independent crack, then mechanical partial pressure processes is adopted to carry out fracturing reform, to form many parallel independent cracks;
3) if the crack produced is dependent crack, then temporary stifled fracturing technology in diverting agent seam is adopted to carry out fracturing reform, to increase crack complexity.
Described step 1) in independent crack and the criterion in dependent crack be that hole angle is greater than set angle, pit shaft orientation and biggest principal stress direction angle are greater than set angle.
Described step 2) in adopt mechanical partial pressure processes be arrange perforation from sand body top, enter down multiple-string packer packing perforated interval in the wellbore, to increase independent Number of Fractures.
The packing element both sides of described packer have additional elasticity shoulder protector, to reduce risk high angle hole put forward and meets card.
Described step 2) in perforation thickness be 2-3m, perforating site lay respectively at from sand body top under 1/5,3/7,5/7.
Described step 2) to add sand ladder be 10%-20%-25%-30%-35%-40% for the infusion program of the employing when carrying out pressing crack construction, adds sand amount 25-30m
3, operational discharge capacity 2-2.5m
3/ min.
Described step 3) in the diverting agent seam that adopts temporarily stifled fracturing technology be by arranging perforation in the middle part of sand body, under enter pressure break pipe to interval of interest, adding diverting agent when constructing, making at formation major fracture simultaneously, form many secondary fractures, increase man-made fracture complexity.
Described step 3) in diverting agent be water-soluble diverting agent, after pressure with return discharge opeing discharge.
Described when pressing crack construction is carried out to major fracture, undertaken adding sand by the program of setting, add when sand amount reaches set amount and add diverting agent, major fracture length be conventional well seam off the net long 2/3, the sand program that adds of setting is 10%-20%-25%-30%-35%-40%.
Described to branch seam carry out pressing crack construction time, the prepad fluid first pumping into setting makes seam, then by setting program carry out adding sand, the sand program that adds of setting is 5%-10%-15%-20%-25%-30%.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows: the present invention is first according to the type determining to press rear crack from the hole angle of formula well and azimuth, mechanical partial pressure processes is adopted to carry out fracturing reform for the target well that can form independent crack after pressure, pass through perforation optimization, enter down multiple-string packer packing perforated interval in the wellbore, to form many independent parallel cracks for transformation target; For the target well that cannot form independent crack after pressure, adopting temporary stifled fracturing technology in diverting agent seam, by adding diverting agent when constructing, making, while formation major fracture, to form many secondary fractures, increase man-made fracture complexity.After the present invention is directed to different pressure, types of fractures adopts different fracturing technologies, for forming independent crack well, adopts mechanical partial pressure processes; For forming independent crack well, adopt stifled fracturing technology temporarily, thus increase reservoir reconstruction volume to greatest extent, improve correctional effect.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 forms parallel independent many cracks schematic diagram after pressure;
Fig. 2 is that after each fracture initiation extends to collect be a crack schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is WB2-39-2 well hydraulic fracture operating curve figure in the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present invention is further described.
The man-made fracture that pressure break produces extends along horizontal biggest principal stress direction, if pit shaft orientation becomes comparatively mitre with principal direction of stress, then crack is after the vertical crack initiation of each perforated interval, independently extends forward, can form parallel many cracks; If pit shaft orientation becomes less angle with main stress bar, then crack is from pit shaft after vertical crack initiation, and can deflect to biggest principal stress direction near wellbore zone, it is a crack that the crack of each perforation crack initiation may be collected in extension, makes always to transform volume limited.
The present invention is theoretical according to above-mentioned basic pressure break, provide the fracturing reform method of a kind of High angle from formula well low permeability reservoir, take fracturing reform scheme targetedly according to different pit shafts and reservoir situation, thus expand total reservoir reconstruction volume, improve fracturing effect.First independent cracking initiation standard is set up., minimum principal stress size maximum according to level, reservoir permeability, in conjunction with indoor large logistics organizations result and pressure break experience in early stage, determine to be greater than 38 ° when hole angle, when pit shaft orientation and biggest principal stress direction angle are greater than 21 °, by perforation optimization, independent crack parallel to each other after pressure, can be formed.Next carries out fracturing technology optimization, and for the well meeting independent cracking initiation condition, application machine partial pressure processes, to form many parallel independent cracks for transformation target; For the well not meeting independent cracking initiation condition, apply in the water-soluble diverting agent seam of novel Low Damage and block up fracturing technology temporarily, to increase crack complexity for transformation target.Concrete implementation step is as follows:
1. well and story selecting
According to following 3 standard implementations: 1) sandstone reservoir thickness is greater than 25m; 2) reservoir grows Sandy Silt or mudstone barriers up and down, and obstruction conditions is good; 3) flooding pattern is perfect, and cultivate through Advance Water Injection, reservoir pressure coefficient reaches more than 0.9.
2. determine the type of pressing rear crack
, minimum principal stress size maximum according to level, reservoir permeability, in conjunction with indoor large logistics organizations result and pressure break experience in early stage, determine to be greater than 38 ° when hole angle, when pit shaft orientation and biggest principal stress direction angle are greater than 21 °, by perforation optimization, independent crack parallel to each other after pressure, can be formed; And when the conditions set forth above are not met, the crack formed after pressure is dependent crack, as depicted in figs. 1 and 2.
3. adopt corresponding pressure break means for crack after difference pressure
For the well meeting independent cracking initiation condition, application machine partial pressure processes, to form many independent parallel independent cracks for transformation target; For the well not meeting independent cracking initiation condition, in application seam, block up fracturing technology temporarily, to increase crack complexity for transformation target.
The concrete implementation step of mechanical partial pressure processes is described for dividing potential drop 3 sections below.
1) pipeline scraper pipe cleaning is to shaft bottom, uses clear water anti-flushing well afterwards, and it is qualified that full wellbore pressure test 20MPa, 30min pressure drop is less than 0.5MPa.
2) along sand body, perforation is set from top to bottom, for ensureing each crack independently to extend and not ganging up mutually, certain perforation spacing need be kept, close 20/meter of this enforcement mesopore, 60 °, phase place, perforation thickness 2-3m, perforating site lay respectively at from sand body top under 1/5,3/7,5/7.
3) enter short rubber cylinder K344 fracturing packer under and be incorporated into target zone, the superiors' packer is positioned at 50m in top perforations section and avoids casing coupling in position, below two-stage packer be positioned at 3m position below institute's packing perforated interval.The Special packer that K344 packer in the present embodiment is researched and developed for the cluster well being greater than 40 ° for hole angle, its packing element length is only 758mm, and packing element both sides increase elasticity shoulder protector, reduces on high angle hole and puies forward chance card risk.
4). complete lowermost pressing crack construction according to infusion program.Construction throws Φ 38mm ball after terminating termination of pumping, and wait 10min after ball is bottomed, float measures pump, opens sliding sleeve, carries out stage casing pressing crack construction; After construction terminates, Φ 45mm ball is thrown in termination of pumping, opens sliding sleeve construction uppermost.Often cover infusion program adds sand ladder is 10%-20%-25%-30%-35%-40%, adds sand amount 25-30m
3, operational discharge capacity 2-2.5m
3/ min.
The concrete implementation step of fracturing technology is blocked up temporarily in well seam:
1) pipeline scraper pipe cleaning is to shaft bottom, uses clear water anti-flushing well afterwards, and it is qualified that full wellbore pressure test 20MPa, 30min pressure drop is less than 0.5MPa;
2) perforation, close 20/meter of hole, 60 °, phase place, perforation thickness is determined according to sand thickness, about 6-10m, in the middle part of perforating site sand body.
3) fracturing string is entered under to interval of interest.
4) major fracture pressing crack construction, design discharge capacity 2m
3/ min, during for avoiding branch fractures pressure break, seam is long excessively extends, design major fracture length be conventional well seam off the net long 2/3, adding sand program is 10%-20%-25%-30%-35%-40%, adds sand 20m
3time in load fluid, add diverting agent, addition is 70kg, selects diverting agent to be the water-soluble diverting agent of novel Low Damage in the present embodiment, after pressure with return discharge opeing discharge, little to reservoir damage.
5) branch's seam pressing crack construction, according to man-made fracture propagation law, when net pressure in stitching be greater than that level is maximum, the difference of minimum principal stress time, branch can be formed and stitch.According to indoor thing mould result and software simulation, design and construction discharge capacity 4m
3/ min.First pump into certain prepad fluid and make seam, it is 5%-10%-15%-20%-25%-30% that the load fluid stage adds sand program, adds sand 15m altogether
3.
For Wei Bei oil field WB2-39-2 well, set forth mechanical partial pressure processes implementation process:
This well hole angle 38.2 °, 117.2 °, azimuth, with horizontal biggest principal stress direction angle 42.1 °, meets mechanical partial pressure processes screening criteria, and this well tools body decryption is as shown in table 1.
This well completes perforation on August 24th, 2013, and the design parameter of perforation is as shown in table 2, and the construction infusion program of different perforated interval, as shown in table 3, table 4 and table 5, enters fracturing string under 31 days.September 3 completed three sections of mechanical dividing potential drops, and from actual hydraulic fracture operating curve, as shown in Figure 3, three sections of operation pressures, tracing pattern, termination of pumping pressure all have significant difference, showed pressure break scene independently three cracks.The highest day produce oil 3.6t after pressure, and offset well adopts conventional fracturing technology the highest day produce oil 2.1t, shows that forming many independent cracks significantly improves correctional effect.
Fracturing string:
Fracturing string structure, (from top to bottom): Φ 73mm external upset tubing, (N80) the dark pipe nipple in+school+2 Φ 73mm external upset tubings+safety joint+Φ 114mm hydraulic anchor+K344-113 packer 1, (571m)+Φ 73mm external upset tubing+sand blower of sliding sleeve, (Φ 40mm)+Φ 114mm hydraulic anchor+K344-113 packer 2, (628m)+Φ 73mm external upset tubing+sand blower of sliding sleeve, (Φ 36mm)+Φ 114mm hydraulic anchor+K344-113 packer 3, (650m)+Φ 73mm external upset tubing pipe nipple+ball seat sandblaster, (Φ 30mm).
Table 1WB2-39-2 borehole logging tool interpretation results tables of data
Table 2WB2-39-2 well perforating parameter table
Table 3WB2-39-2 well long 3
3 3formation fracturing construction infusion program list (perforated interval 672m-675m, 682.5m-684.5m)
Long 3
3 3after formation fracturing terminates, additional margin 0.5m in displacement fluid
3.After construction terminates, Φ 38mm ball is thrown in termination of pumping, and wait 10min after ball is bottomed, float measures pump, opens sliding sleeve, carries out growing 3
3 2formation fracturing is constructed.
Table 4WB2-39-2 Jing Jing long 3
3 2formation fracturing construction infusion program list (perforated interval 644m-646m)
Long 3
3 2after formation fracturing terminates, additional margin 0.5m in displacement fluid
3.After construction terminates, Φ 45mm ball is thrown in termination of pumping, and wait 10min after ball is bottomed, float measures pump, opens sliding sleeve, carries out growing 3
3 1formation fracturing is constructed.
Table 5WB2-39-2 well long 3
3 1formation fracturing construction infusion program list (perforated interval 619m-622m)
By above-described embodiment, demonstrating the present invention further can increase reservoir reconstruction volume to greatest extent, improves correctional effect.
Claims (10)
1. High angle is from a fracturing reform method for formula well reservoir, it is characterized in that, this remodeling method comprises the following steps:
1) be independent crack or dependent crack according to the type in the crack produced from the hole angle of formula well, pit shaft orientation and biggest principal stress direction angle determination pressure break;
2) if the crack produced is independent crack, then mechanical partial pressure processes is adopted to carry out fracturing reform, to form many parallel independent cracks;
3) if the crack produced is dependent crack, then temporary stifled fracturing technology in diverting agent seam is adopted to carry out fracturing reform, to increase crack complexity.
2. High angle according to claim 1 is from the fracturing reform method of formula well reservoir, it is characterized in that, described step 1) in independent crack and the criterion in dependent crack be that hole angle is greater than set angle, pit shaft orientation and biggest principal stress direction angle are greater than set angle.
3. High angle according to claim 2 is from the fracturing reform method of formula well reservoir, it is characterized in that, described step 2) in adopt mechanical partial pressure processes be arrange perforation from sand body top, enter down multiple-string packer packing perforated interval in the wellbore, to increase independent Number of Fractures.
4. High angle according to claim 3 is from the fracturing reform method of formula well reservoir, it is characterized in that, the packing element both sides of described packer have additional elasticity shoulder protector, to reduce risk high angle hole put forward and meets card.
5. High angle according to claim 3 is from the fracturing reform method of formula well reservoir, it is characterized in that, described step 2) in perforation thickness be 2-3m, perforating site lay respectively at from sand body top under 1/5,3/7,5/7.
6. High angle according to claim 3 is from the fracturing reform method of formula well reservoir, it is characterized in that, described step 2) to add sand ladder be 10%-20%-25%-30%-35%-40% for the infusion program of the employing when carrying out pressing crack construction, adds sand amount 25-30m
3, operational discharge capacity 2-2.5m
3/ min.
7. High angle according to claim 2 is from the fracturing reform method of formula well reservoir, it is characterized in that, described step 3) in the diverting agent seam that adopts temporarily stifled fracturing technology be by arranging perforation in the middle part of sand body, under enter pressure break pipe to interval of interest, diverting agent is added when constructing, make at formation major fracture simultaneously, to form many secondary fractures, increase man-made fracture complexity.
8. High angle according to claim 7 is from the fracturing reform method of formula well reservoir, it is characterized in that, described step 3) in diverting agent be water-soluble diverting agent, after pressure with return discharge opeing discharge.
9. High angle according to claim 7 is from the fracturing reform method of formula well reservoir, it is characterized in that, it is described when pressing crack construction is carried out to major fracture, undertaken adding sand by the program of setting, add when sand amount reaches set amount and add diverting agent, major fracture length is 2/3 of conventional well seam length off the net, and the sand program that adds of setting is 10%-20%-25%-30%-35%-40%.
10. High angle according to claim 7 is from the fracturing reform method of formula well reservoir, it is characterized in that, described to branch seam carry out pressing crack construction time, the prepad fluid first pumping into setting makes seam, then undertaken adding sand by the program of setting, the sand program that adds of setting is 5%-10%-15%-20%-25%-30%.
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| CN106194145A (en) * | 2016-09-27 | 2016-12-07 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of the most stifled multistage degree of depth network acid fracturing method |
| CN108343417A (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2018-07-31 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | A kind of gas well temporarily blocks up the methods and applications of separate zone stimulation |
| CN108518209A (en) * | 2018-02-14 | 2018-09-11 | 中联煤层气有限责任公司 | Consider that the azimuthal design method of well track is adopted in the coal measures payzone combination of intermediate zone |
| CN108825196A (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2018-11-16 | 北京捷贝通石油技术股份有限公司 | A kind of temporary stifled volume fracturing process of screen casing high angle hole |
| CN110094193A (en) * | 2018-01-29 | 2019-08-06 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | A kind of fracturing process of clastic buried hills inside story reservoir |
| CN110388196A (en) * | 2018-04-19 | 2019-10-29 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of straight inclined shaft oriented branch guiding fracturing process |
| CN112012711A (en) * | 2020-06-29 | 2020-12-01 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Fracturing method for highly deviated well |
| CN112983378A (en) * | 2021-03-24 | 2021-06-18 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Method for realizing multi-radial well three-dimensional fracturing multi-main seam balanced expansion and reinforced volume reconstruction |
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| CN106194145A (en) * | 2016-09-27 | 2016-12-07 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of the most stifled multistage degree of depth network acid fracturing method |
| CN110094193A (en) * | 2018-01-29 | 2019-08-06 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | A kind of fracturing process of clastic buried hills inside story reservoir |
| CN110094193B (en) * | 2018-01-29 | 2021-07-02 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Fracturing method of clastic rock buried hill inside curtain reservoir |
| CN108343417A (en) * | 2018-01-31 | 2018-07-31 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | A kind of gas well temporarily blocks up the methods and applications of separate zone stimulation |
| CN108518209B (en) * | 2018-02-14 | 2020-06-26 | 中联煤层气有限责任公司 | Design method for coal-series production layer combined well hole track azimuth angle considering transition zone |
| CN108518209A (en) * | 2018-02-14 | 2018-09-11 | 中联煤层气有限责任公司 | Consider that the azimuthal design method of well track is adopted in the coal measures payzone combination of intermediate zone |
| CN110388196A (en) * | 2018-04-19 | 2019-10-29 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | A kind of straight inclined shaft oriented branch guiding fracturing process |
| CN110388196B (en) * | 2018-04-19 | 2022-07-22 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Directional branch guiding fracturing method for straight inclined well |
| CN108825196A (en) * | 2018-05-29 | 2018-11-16 | 北京捷贝通石油技术股份有限公司 | A kind of temporary stifled volume fracturing process of screen casing high angle hole |
| CN112012711A (en) * | 2020-06-29 | 2020-12-01 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Fracturing method for highly deviated well |
| CN112012711B (en) * | 2020-06-29 | 2022-12-02 | 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 | Fracturing method for highly deviated well |
| CN114508334A (en) * | 2020-11-17 | 2022-05-17 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Karst cave circular seam channel technology determination method based on three-dimensional ground stress field distribution |
| CN112983378A (en) * | 2021-03-24 | 2021-06-18 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Method for realizing multi-radial well three-dimensional fracturing multi-main seam balanced expansion and reinforced volume reconstruction |
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