CN104959725B - A kind of large-scale variable thickness part electron beam welding deformation control method - Google Patents
A kind of large-scale variable thickness part electron beam welding deformation control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104959725B CN104959725B CN201510309770.9A CN201510309770A CN104959725B CN 104959725 B CN104959725 B CN 104959725B CN 201510309770 A CN201510309770 A CN 201510309770A CN 104959725 B CN104959725 B CN 104959725B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K15/00—Electron-beam welding or cutting
- B23K15/0006—Electron-beam welding or cutting specially adapted for particular articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K15/00—Electron-beam welding or cutting
- B23K15/0046—Welding
- B23K15/0053—Seam welding
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K15/00—Electron-beam welding or cutting
- B23K15/06—Electron-beam welding or cutting within a vacuum chamber
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K37/00—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups
- B23K37/04—Auxiliary devices or processes, not specially adapted to a procedure covered by only one of the preceding main groups for holding or positioning work
- B23K37/0426—Fixtures for other work
- B23K37/0435—Clamps
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- Welding Or Cutting Using Electron Beams (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of large-scale variable thickness part electron beam welding deformation control method, Set and Positioning is carried out to workpiece by the anti-deformation tool for designing special construction, clamping workpiece is positioned on the operating desk of vacuum electron beam welder, be fixed；Pre-determined bit is carried out using the small line butt welding seam of electron beam, positioning method is weld seam dual contact；Workpiece is welded using the electro-beam welding process parameter after optimization design afterwards, welding manner is welding by both sides；The deformation of postwelding measurement structure, if structure deforms, using the small line school shape technique of electron beam, structure is corrected shape, the method can efficiently solve the connectivity problem of large-sized structural parts, improve welding quality, and control to structure overall deformation has good effect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of large-scale variable thickness part electron beam welding deformation control method, belong to the connection neck of material
Domain.
Background technology
With the continuous upgrading of Aerospace Products, the structure to product gradually maximizes, and product structure
It is various informative, often there is the design of shaped face, this processing and manufacturing to material proposes requirement higher.For large-scale component
Processing, be limited to the limitation of working ability, integrally to form and occasionally there are certain difficulty, each several part to structure enters
Row is formed separately, and is current generally by the way of then using being attached by the way of welding.
But for the welding of big-thickness structure, according to traditional argon arc welding, logical product needs the butt joint to carry out bevel
Treatment, carries out multi-pass welding, and thermal weld stress amount is big, and deformation is difficult to control to, and bevel and multi-pass welding need greatly
In amount man-hour, welding efficiency is low.Laser Welding is a kind of high energy beam welding method, advantageous in the larger structure of thickness, but is swashed
, it is necessary to apply effectively to protect to structure during photocoagulation, in case oxidation, and the structure larger for thickness, due to adopting
Laser power is big, and the protection to structure is relative complex, so that the quality of weld seam is reduced, especially for aluminum alloy materials,
The fusion penetration of laser is limited, it is impossible to realize the welding of big thickness.Vacuum electron beam welding, welding process is generally in vacuum state
Under, have to welding process and protect to greatest extent, and beam energy is concentrated, to aluminium alloy, titanium alloy, stainless steel etc. often
Good penetration power is suffered from structural material.Therefore, the welding for realizing big-thickness structure from vacuum electron beam welding has
Obvious advantage.
But if realizing the welding of big-thickness structure part only with electron beam, easily there is welding deformation, and cannot pin
Reliable and effective welding is carried out to complicated Varying-thickness section structural member.
The content of the invention
A kind of above-mentioned deficiency it is an object of the invention to overcome prior art, there is provided large-scale variable thickness part electron beam weldering
Deformation control method is connect, the method can efficiently solve the connectivity problem of large-sized structural parts, improve welding quality, and whole to structure
The control of body deformation has good effect.
What above-mentioned purpose of the invention was mainly achieved by following technical solution：
A kind of large-scale variable thickness part electron beam welding deformation control method, the workpiece to be welded is the tabular of Varying-thickness
Structure, comprises the following steps that：
(1) clamping, is carried out to two workpiece to be welded using anti-deformation tool, the anti-deformation tool includes that first fixes
Plate, the second fixed plate, four pull bars, the first briquetting, the second briquetting, the 3rd briquetting and the 4th briquettings, wherein the first briquetting and
Two briquettings are combining structure, and the outer surface of the one end larger with thickness of workpiece to be welded of the type face after combination is fitted, the 3rd pressure
Block and the 4th briquetting are combining structure, and the type face after combination is fitted with the outer surface of the less one end of thickness of workpiece to be welded,
Specific clamping method is as follows：
(1-1), one end of four pull bars is fixedly mounted in the first fixed plate, and four pull bars is fallen in the first fixation
Plate, the first briquetting and the second briquetting are placed in the first fixed plate, and after making two workpiece solders side to be welded laminatings, by thickness
The larger one end of degree is fixed by the first briquetting with the second briquetting, it is ensured that the outer surface of the larger one end of thickness and the first pressure
Type face after block is combined with the second briquetting fits；
(1-2), two less one end of thickness of workpiece to be welded are fixed by the 3rd briquetting and the 4th briquetting, protected
Type face after the outer surface of the less one end of card thickness is combined with the 3rd briquetting and the 4th briquetting fits；
(1-3), the second fixed plate is installed, the second fixed plate is placed on the 3rd briquetting and the 4th briquetting top, and by four
The other end of individual pull bar is fixedly mounted in the second fixed plate, so as to by four briquettings and Work-sheet pressing to be welded；
(2), the anti-deformation tool workpiece of clamping workpiece to be welded is positioned on the operating desk of vacuum electron beam welder, and
It is fixed；
(3) pre-determined bit, is carried out using the small line butt welding seam of electron beam, positioning method is weld seam dual contact, and tack welding is adopted
Electron beam technology parameter is 50~60kV of accelerating potential, 1500~1600mA of focus current, welds 10~50mA of line, weldering
Speed is connect for 500~1500mm/min；
(4) workpiece after positioning is welded using electro-beam welding process, welding manner is two-sided welding, first
Face welding condition is：50~60kV of accelerating potential, 1500~1600mA of focus current, weld 10~120mA of line, welding
500~1500mm/min of speed, accelerating potential, focus current, speed of welding are welded with the first face in the second face welding condition
Connect identical, welding line increases by 10%~20% than the welding of the first face.
In above-mentioned large-scale variable thickness part electron beam welding deformation control method, opened on the first briquetting and the second briquetting
Discrete two sections of through slots are formed if step surface, after combination, two larger one end of thickness of workpiece to be welded are located at respectively
In wherein one section through slot, weld seam then exposes from the region between two sections of through slots.
In above-mentioned large-scale variable thickness part electron beam welding deformation control method, the depth of two sections of through slots is to be welded
Connect the 10%~50% of workpiece weld penetration.
In above-mentioned large-scale variable thickness part electron beam welding deformation control method, opened on the 3rd briquetting and the 4th briquetting
Discrete two sections of through slots are formed if step surface, after combination, two less one end of thickness of workpiece to be welded are located at respectively
In wherein one section through slot, weld seam then exposes from the region between two sections of through slots.
In above-mentioned large-scale variable thickness part electron beam welding deformation control method, the depth of two sections of through slots is to be welded
Connect the 10%~50% of workpiece weld penetration.
In above-mentioned large-scale variable thickness part electron beam welding deformation control method, the section of workpiece to be welded be it is trapezoidal,
Material is aluminium alloy, titanium alloy or steel.
In above-mentioned large-scale variable thickness part electron beam welding deformation control method, the throat depth of workpiece to be welded is
10mm~150mm, weld seam is equal thickness weld seam or Varying-thickness weld seam.
In above-mentioned large-scale variable thickness part electron beam welding deformation control method, the material of anti-deformation tool is 6061 aluminium
Alloy.
In above-mentioned large-scale variable thickness part electron beam welding deformation control method, four briquettings and workpiece surface to be welded
The type face of laminating requires：Laminating post gap be no more than 0.2mm, the length of laminating more than 50mm, to play the work of restrained deformation
With.
In above-mentioned large-scale variable thickness part electron beam welding deformation control method, in step (3), tack welding is using segmentation
Positioning method, to reduce the heat affecting of tack welding, every section of position length is 10~50mm.
In above-mentioned large-scale variable thickness part electron beam welding deformation control method, after step (4) completes workpiece welding, survey
Whether amount Workpiece structure deforms, if structure deforms, Workpiece structure is corrected shape using electron beam small line.
In above-mentioned large-scale variable thickness part electron beam welding deformation control method, using the small line of electron beam to workpiece knot
The method that structure is corrected shape is：The direction of Workpiece structure deformation is determined first, and electron beam tuftlet is used in the corresponding position of weld seam
Stream carries out remelting school shape, the electro-beam welding process parameter that school shape is used for：40~60kV of accelerating potential, focus current 1550~
1680mA, welds 10~50mA of line, and speed of welding is 500~1500mm/min.
The present invention has the advantages that compared with prior art：
(1), the present invention uses the anti-deformation tool of special construction design that clamping is carried out to the workpiece to be welded of Varying-thickness and determines
Position, and design is optimized to tool structure parameter, the high accuracy for realizing irregular structure workpiece is accurately positioned, and is follow-up
Welding procedure provides reliable guarantee；
(2), weld seam is positioned using two-sided pre-determined bit technique before present invention weldering, by positioning welding technological parameter
Design is optimized, the technological parameter accumulation of heat for positioning use is small, structure is without deformation after the completion of positioning, while tack welding is completed
The increase of structure constraint (restraint) degree, can effectively reduce welding deformation afterwards；
(3), the present invention fetches control structure deformation by the way that welding method is designed as into welding by both sides, and two-sided welding can pass through
The difference of deformation direction twice, offsets rightabout deformation, realizes the overall control to deformation, at the same the present invention to front and
The welding condition of reverse side is adjusted so that welding effect is optimal, and is realized and is effectively reached the effect that deformation is offset
Really, it is ensured that welding quality；
(4), the present invention passes through the design feature for changing greatly, butt welding for Varying-thickness workpiece throat depth
Connect technological parameter and be optimized design, the welding in different-thickness region is realized in same weld seam, it is ensured that welding quality
Uniformity；
(5) present invention still suffers from the weldment of certain deformation for structure after welding, by the small line remelting of electron beam
Mode correct shape, and devise the school shape technological parameter of optimization, realize the effective correction to Workpiece structure deformation.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is anti-deformation tool structural representation of the present invention, and wherein Fig. 1 a are front view, and Fig. 1 b are left view；
Fig. 2 is electron beam school shape schematic diagram of the present invention, and wherein Fig. 2 a are diagram before the shape of school, and Fig. 2 b are diagram after the shape of school.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
The large-scale variable thickness part electron beam welding deformation control method of the present invention, specifically includes following steps：
(1), treating the welding position of welding workpiece carries out preweld cleaning, removes surface and oil contaminant, and material is removed with physical method
Material surface oxide layer；Workpiece to be welded 1 is the platy structure of Varying-thickness, section for trapezoidal, material be aluminium alloy, titanium alloy or
Steel.
(2) anti-deformation tool, is prepared, is as shown in Figure 1 anti-deformation tool structural representation of the present invention, based on wherein Fig. 1 a
View, Fig. 1 b are left view.Anti-deformation tool include the first fixed plate 2,3, four pull bars 8 of the second fixed plate, the first briquetting 4,
Second briquetting 5, the 3rd briquetting 6 and the 4th briquetting 7, wherein the first briquetting 4 and the second briquetting 5 are combining structure, after combination
The outer surface of type face one end larger with the thickness of workpiece to be welded 1 is fitted, and the 3rd briquetting 6 and the 4th briquetting 7 are combining structure, group
Fitted with the outer surface of the less one end of the thickness of workpiece to be welded 1 in type face after conjunction.
(3) clamping, is carried out to two workpiece to be welded 1 using anti-deformation tool, specific clamping method is as follows：
(3-1), one end of four pull bars 8 is fixedly mounted in the first fixed plate 2, and four pull bars 8 is fallen in first
Fixed plate 2, the first briquetting 4 and the second briquetting 5 are placed in the first fixed plate 2, and paste two solders side of workpiece to be welded 1
After conjunction, the larger one end of thickness is fixed by the first briquetting 4 with the second briquetting 5, it is ensured that outside the larger one end of thickness
Type face after surface is combined with the first briquetting 4 with the second briquetting 5 fits.
Step surface is opened up on specially the first briquetting 4 and the second briquetting 5, discrete two sections of insertions are formed after combination
Groove, two larger one end of the thickness of workpiece to be welded 1 are located therein in one section of through slot respectively, weld seam then from two sections of through slots it
Between region expose, as shown in Figure 1a.The depth of two sections of through slots is the 10%~50% of the weld penetration of workpiece to be welded 1.
(3-2), two less one end of the thickness of workpiece to be welded 1 are consolidated by the 3rd briquetting 6 and the 4th briquetting 7
It is fixed, it is ensured that the type face after the outer surface of the less one end of thickness is combined with the 3rd briquetting 6 and the 4th briquetting 7 fits.
Step surface is opened up on specially the 3rd briquetting 6 and the 4th briquetting 7, discrete two sections of insertions are formed after combination
Groove, two less one end of the thickness of workpiece to be welded 1 are located therein in one section of through slot respectively, weld seam then from two sections of through slots it
Between region expose, as shown in Figure 1a.The depth of two sections of through slots is the 10%~50% of the weld penetration of workpiece to be welded 1
(3-3), the second fixed plate 3 is installed, the second fixed plate 3 is placed on the 3rd briquetting 6 and the top of the 4th briquetting 7, and
The other end of four pull bars 8 is fixedly mounted in the second fixed plate 3, so as to four briquettings and workpiece to be welded 1 be compressed.
The type face that four briquettings are fitted with the surface of workpiece to be welded 1 requires：Laminating post gap is no more than 0.2mm, laminating
Length more than 50mm, to play a part of restrained deformation.The material of anti-deformation tool is 6061 aluminium alloys.
(4), the anti-deformation tool workpiece of clamping workpiece 1 to be welded is positioned on the operating desk of vacuum electron beam welder,
And be fixed；
(3) pre-determined bit, is carried out using the small line butt welding seam of electron beam, positioning method is weld seam dual contact, and tack welding is adopted
Electron beam technology parameter is 50~60kV of accelerating potential, 1500~1600mA of focus current, welds 10~50mA of line, weldering
Speed is connect for 500~1500mm/min；Tack welding uses split fix mode, to reduce the heat affecting of tack welding, every section of positioning
Length is 10~50mm.
(4) workpiece after positioning is welded using electro-beam welding process, welding manner is two-sided welding, first
Face welding condition is：50~60kV of accelerating potential, 1500~1600mA of focus current, weld 10~120mA of line, welding
500~1500mm/min of speed, accelerating potential, focus current, speed of welding are welded with the first face in the second face welding condition
Connect identical, welding line increases by 10%~20% than the welding of the first face.
When throat depth is larger, thermal weld stress amount is big, and structure generally has larger deformation.For control structure deforms, will
Welding method is designed as two-sided welding.Two-sided deformation can offset rightabout deformation by the difference of deformation direction twice,
The overall control to deformation is realized, meanwhile, the welding condition of obverse and reverse has certain difference to be welded twice, it is necessary to adjust
Technological parameter is connect, the effect that deformation is offset is reached.
The selection of electro-beam welding process parameter.For the structure of Varying-thickness, throat depth occurs between 10mm to 150mm
Change, will realize the welding in different-thickness region, it is necessary to rationally be designed welding condition in same weld seam.
(5), electron beam school shape.If structure still suffers from certain deformation after welding, can be by the small line weight of electron beam
Molten mode is corrected shape.The deformation of welding causes mainly due to the contraction of weld seam, for docking structure, welding deformation master
If angular deformation, if postwelding structure has angular deformation, using the principle of reversible deformation, in angular deformation opposite side, using small electricity
Beamlet stream carries out remelting to weld seam, and the weld seam after remelting occurs the angular deformation that opposite side is offset in certain contraction, realizes to structure
The correction of deformation, as shown in Figure 2, wherein Fig. 2 a are to illustrate before the shape of school to school shape schematic diagram, and Fig. 2 b are to illustrate after the shape of school.
It is to the method that Workpiece structure is corrected shape with electron beam tuftlet stream：The direction of Workpiece structure deformation is determined first,
Remelting school shape is carried out using electron beam tuftlet stream in weld seam corresponding position, the electro-beam welding process parameter that school shape is used for：
40~60kV of accelerating potential, 1550~1680mA of focus current, weld 10~50mA of line, and speed of welding is 500~1500mm/
min.The throat depth of present invention workpiece 1 to be welded is 10mm~150mm, and weld seam is equal thickness weld seam or Varying-thickness weld seam.
Embodiment 1
Workpiece material to be welded is titanium alloy, and throat depth is Varying-thickness, and thickness is changed to 80mm from 20mm.
(1), treating the welding position of welding workpiece carries out preweld cleaning, removes surface and oil contaminant, and material is removed with physical method
Material surface oxide layer；
(2) clamping, is carried out to two workpiece to be welded 1 using anti-deformation tool, the specific same foregoing description of clamping method, its
The depth of two sections of through slots of the frock of middle larger one end of clamping thickness is the 30% of the weld penetration of workpiece to be welded 1.Clamping
The depth of two sections of through slots of the frock of the smaller one end of thickness is the 30% of the weld penetration of workpiece to be welded 1.
(3) workpiece is positioned on the operating desk of vacuum electron beam welder, recruitment dress is fixed；
(4) pre-determined bit is carried out using the small line butt welding seam of electron beam, positioning method is weld seam dual contact, and tack welding is used
Electron beam technology parameter be accelerating potential 50kV, focus current 1500mA, weld line 20mA, speed of welding is 1000mm/
Min, tack welding uses split fix mode, and every section of position length is 15mm.
(4) workpiece is welded using the electro-beam welding process parameter after optimization design, welding manner is welding by both sides,
The first face electron beam technology parameter that uses of welding is accelerating potential 60kV, focus current 1500mA, weld line 30~
100mA, speed of welding is 1000mm/min, and the second face is welded on the parameter basis of the first face welding, and welding line increases
10%, as 33~110mA, remaining parameter constant.
(5) deformation of postwelding measurement structure, structure does not deform.
Postwelding Workpiece structure flatness is good, no more than 0.2mm, meets design requirement.
Embodiment 2
Workpiece material to be welded is titanium alloy, and throat depth is Varying-thickness, and thickness is changed to 50mm from 10mm.
(1), treating the welding position of welding workpiece carries out preweld cleaning, removes surface and oil contaminant, and material is removed with physical method
Material surface oxide layer；
(2) clamping, is carried out to two workpiece to be welded 1 using anti-deformation tool, the specific same foregoing description of clamping method, its
The depth of two sections of through slots of the frock of middle larger one end of clamping thickness is the 10% of weld penetration.The smaller one end of clamping thickness
The depth of two sections of through slots of frock be the 10% of weld penetration.
(3) workpiece is positioned on the operating desk of vacuum electron beam welder, recruitment dress is fixed；
(4) pre-determined bit is carried out using the small line butt welding seam of electron beam, positioning method is weld seam dual contact, and tack welding is used
Electron beam technology parameter be accelerating potential 50kV, focus current 1500mA, weld line 20mA, speed of welding is 1000mm/
Min, tack welding uses split fix mode, and every section of position length is 20mm.
(4) workpiece is welded using the electro-beam welding process parameter after optimization design, welding manner is welding by both sides,
The electron beam technology parameter that the welding of first face is used is accelerating potential 60kV, focus current 1500mA, welds 20~80mA of line,
Speed of welding is 1000mm/min, and the second face is welded on the parameter basis of the first face welding, and welding line increases by 10%, as
22~88mA, remaining parameter constant.
(5) there is angular deformation in one direction in the deformation of postwelding measurement structure, weld seam, tied using electron beam school shape
Structure school shape, electron beam school shape parameter is accelerating potential 40kV, focus current 1580mA, welds line 30mA, and speed of welding is
1000mm/min。
(6) malformation meets the requirements after the shape of school.
After the shape of school, the flatness of Workpiece structure is good, no more than 0.3mm, meets design requirement.
The above, optimal specific embodiment only of the invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto,
Any one skilled in the art the invention discloses technical scope in, the change or replacement that can be readily occurred in,
Should all be included within the scope of the present invention.
The content not being described in detail in description of the invention belongs to the known technology of professional and technical personnel in the field.
Claims (12)
1. a kind of large-scale variable thickness part electron beam welding deformation control method, it is characterised in that：Workpiece (1) to be welded is thickening
The platy structure of degree, comprises the following steps that：
(1) clamping, is carried out to two workpiece (1) to be welded using anti-deformation tool, the anti-deformation tool includes that first fixes
Plate (2), the second fixed plate (3), four pull bars (8), the first briquetting (4), the second briquetting (5), the 3rd briquetting (6) and the 4th briquettings
(7), wherein the first briquetting (4) and the second briquetting (5) are combining structure, the type face after combination and workpiece to be welded (1) thickness
Larger one end outer surface laminating, the 3rd briquetting (6) and the 4th briquetting (7) are combining structure, the type face after combination with treat
The outer surface laminating of welding workpiece (1) less one end of thickness, specific clamping method is as follows：
(1-1), one end of four pull bars (8) is fixedly mounted in the first fixed plate (2), and four pull bars (8) is fallen in
One fixed plate (2), the first briquetting (4) and the second briquetting (5) is placed in the first fixed plate (2), and make two works to be welded
After the laminating of part (1) solder side, the larger one end of thickness is fixed by the first briquetting (4) with the second briquetting (5), it is ensured that thick
Type face after the outer surface of the larger one end of degree is combined with the first briquetting (4) with the second briquetting (5) fits；
(1-2), two less one end of workpiece (1) thickness to be welded are consolidated by the 3rd briquetting (6) and the 4th briquetting (7)
It is fixed, it is ensured that the type face after the outer surface of the less one end of thickness is combined with the 3rd briquetting (6) and the 4th briquetting (7) fits；
(1-3), the second fixed plate (3) is installed, the second fixed plate (3) is placed on the 3rd briquetting (6) and the 4th briquetting (7)
Side, and the other end of four pull bars (8) is fixedly mounted in the second fixed plate (3), so as to by four briquettings and work to be welded
Part (1) is compressed；
(2), the anti-deformation tool workpiece of clamping workpiece to be welded (1) is positioned on the operating desk of vacuum electron beam welder, and
It is fixed；
(3) pre-determined bit, is carried out using the small line butt welding seam of electron beam, positioning method is weld seam dual contact, what tack welding was used
Electron beam technology parameter is 50~60kV of accelerating potential, 1500~1600mA of focus current, welds 10~50mA of line, welding speed
It is 500~1500mm/min to spend；
(4) workpiece after positioning is welded using electro-beam welding process, welding manner is two-sided welding, the weldering of the first face
Connecing technological parameter is：50~60kV of accelerating potential, 1500~1600mA of focus current, weld 10~120mA of line, speed of welding
500~1500mm/min, accelerating potential, focus current, speed of welding weld phase with the first face in the second face welding condition
Together, welding line increases by 10%~20% than the welding of the first face.
2. a kind of large-scale variable thickness part electron beam welding deformation control method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
Step surface is opened up on first briquetting (4) and the second briquetting (5), discrete two sections of through slots, two are formed after combination
The larger one end of individual workpiece to be welded (1) thickness is located therein in one section of through slot respectively, and weld seam is then between two sections of through slots
Region expose.
3. a kind of large-scale variable thickness part electron beam welding deformation control method according to claim 2, it is characterised in that：
The depth of two sections of through slots is the 10%~50% of workpiece to be welded (1) weld penetration.
4. a kind of large-scale variable thickness part electron beam welding deformation control method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：
Step surface is opened up on 3rd briquetting (6) and the 4th briquetting (7), discrete two sections of through slots, two are formed after combination
The less one end of individual workpiece to be welded (1) thickness is located therein in one section of through slot respectively, and weld seam is then between two sections of through slots
Region expose.
5. a kind of large-scale variable thickness part electron beam welding deformation control method according to claim 4, it is characterised in that：
The depth of two sections of through slots is the 10%~50% of workpiece to be welded (1) weld penetration.
6., according to a kind of large-scale variable thickness part electron beam welding deformation control method that one of Claims 1 to 5 is described, it is special
Levy and be：The section of the workpiece to be welded (1) is trapezoidal, and material is aluminium alloy, titanium alloy or steel.
7., according to a kind of large-scale variable thickness part electron beam welding deformation control method that one of Claims 1 to 5 is described, it is special
Levy and be：The throat depth of the workpiece to be welded (1) is 10mm~150mm, and weld seam is equal thickness weld seam or Varying-thickness weld seam.
8., according to a kind of large-scale variable thickness part electron beam welding deformation control method that one of Claims 1 to 5 is described, it is special
Levy and be：The material of the anti-deformation tool is 6061 aluminium alloys.
9., according to a kind of large-scale variable thickness part electron beam welding deformation control method that one of Claims 1 to 5 is described, it is special
Levy and be：The type face that four briquettings are fitted with workpiece to be welded (1) surface requires：Laminating post gap is no more than 0.2mm,
The length of laminating more than 50mm, to play a part of restrained deformation.
10. a kind of large-scale variable thickness part electron beam welding deformation control method according to claim 1, its feature exists
In：In the step (3), tack welding uses split fix mode, and to reduce the heat affecting of tack welding, every section of position length is 10
~50mm.
A kind of 11. large-scale variable thickness part electron beam welding deformation control methods according to claim 1, its feature exists
In：After the step (4) completes workpiece welding, whether measurement Workpiece structure deforms, if structure deforms, using electronics
The small line of beam is corrected shape to Workpiece structure.
A kind of 12. large-scale variable thickness part electron beam welding deformation control methods according to claim 11, its feature exists
In：Use the method that the small line of electron beam is corrected shape to Workpiece structure for：The direction of Workpiece structure deformation is determined first, in weldering
Stitch corresponding position carries out remelting school shape using electron beam tuftlet stream, the electro-beam welding process parameter that school shape is used for：Accelerate
40~60kV of voltage, 1550~1680mA of focus current, weld 10~50mA of line, and speed of welding is 500~1500mm/min.
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