CN107999950B - A kind of middle pressure high-velocity electron beam welding method of titanium alloy thin wall casing - Google Patents
A kind of middle pressure high-velocity electron beam welding method of titanium alloy thin wall casing Download PDFInfo
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- CN107999950B CN107999950B CN201711272526.5A CN201711272526A CN107999950B CN 107999950 B CN107999950 B CN 107999950B CN 201711272526 A CN201711272526 A CN 201711272526A CN 107999950 B CN107999950 B CN 107999950B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K15/00—Electron-beam welding or cutting
- B23K15/06—Electron-beam welding or cutting within a vacuum chamber
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K15/00—Electron-beam welding or cutting
- B23K15/0006—Electron-beam welding or cutting specially adapted for particular articles
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K15/00—Electron-beam welding or cutting
- B23K15/0033—Preliminary treatment
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K15/00—Electron-beam welding or cutting
- B23K15/0046—Welding
- B23K15/0053—Seam welding
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- Welding Or Cutting Using Electron Beams (AREA)
Abstract
A kind of middle pressure high-velocity electron beam welding method of titanium alloy thin wall casing, steps are as follows: carrying out welding pre-treatment to part to be welded, guarantees cleannes, and guarantees that fit-up gap and dislocation are less than 0.05mm；Titanium alloy thin wall casing is assembled on welding fixture and is vacuumized；After carrying out tack welding to weld seam, electron beam welding is carried out, completes the welding of weld seam, welding parameter are as follows: acceleration voltage 110KV, 30~22mm/s of speed of welding；13~18mA of welding current, electron beam sweep parameter are as follows: sweep waveform is circle wave, 1.2~0.8mm of amplitude, frequency 100Hz；48~90J/mm of heat input ratio；After the completion of welding, weldquality is checked, the test mode includes visually X-ray and fluoroscopy.Appearance of weld stability is formed using welding method of the invention and quality significantly improves, thermal weld stress reduces by 20~30%, and welding deformation is effectively controlled, weld seam frontal width, and back side width and root reinforcement can satisfy design requirement.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to metal component welding technology fields, and in particular to a kind of middle pressure high speed electricity of titanium alloy thin wall casing
Beamlet welding method.
Background technique:
Welding deformation, Varying-thickness appearance of weld stability and the reverse side of titanium alloy thin wall casing fly in aero-engine manufacture
It splashes object control to fail thoroughly to solve all the time, from the point of view of the characteristics of thin walled welds casing manufactures, influence factor is more, reason is multiple
It is miscellaneous.Main influence factor has: dimensional accuracy and assembling quality, welding procedure reasonability, material weldability before part welding
It is influenced with subsequent technique (heat treatment) and integrated artistic Vehicle routing etc..Welding deformation is to influence thin wall component quality and life
One of the principal element of efficiency is produced, the presence of welding deformation not only influences the manufacturing process of product, it is often more important that also influence to produce
The service performance of product.The fundamental factor for generating part welding deformation is that non-uniform heating and cooling procedure cause in welding process
Temperature stress and material structure transformation (phase transformation) caused by structural stress, and postwelding residual stress can also finally process part
The fatigue strength of precision and dimensional stability, the generation of welding defect and part generates very big adverse effect, therefore realizes
Weld industry is the main technological difficulties of Thin-Wall Outer Casing class part welding, and splash will affect the surface quality of part
With the workload of rear process.Solution has: improving part assembling quality before welding, Optimal Parameters improve forming, reduce welding
Thermal deformation caused by heat input, control welding defect reduce repair welding number etc..
Summary of the invention:
The purpose of the present invention is overcoming above-mentioned the shortcomings of the prior art, a kind of middle pressure of titanium alloy thin wall casing is provided
High-velocity electron beam welding method improves speed of welding by Optimized Matching electron beam welding parameter, improve welding process stability and
Forming quality reduces input energy level, reduces unstable heating, cooling procedure to the adverse effect of material, improves part weldering
Connect problem on deformation.
To achieve the above object, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of middle pressure high-velocity electron beam welding method of titanium alloy thin wall casing, comprising the following steps:
Step 1, pre-welding treatment:
Welding pre-treatment is carried out to part to be welded, guarantees that piece surface to be welded without greasy dirt, dust and external attachment, and is protected
It demonstrate,proves fit-up gap and dislocation is less than 0.05mm；
Step 2, component assembly:
Titanium alloy thin wall casing is assembled on welding fixture, and is vacuumized；
Step 3, electron beam welding:
(1) positioning of beam welds: carrying out tack welding to weld seam using symmetrical tack welding；
(2) electron beam welding is carried out, completes the welding of weld seam, wherein welding parameter are as follows: acceleration voltage 110KV, welding
Speed is 30~22mm/s；Welding current is 13~18mA, electron beam sweep parameter are as follows: sweep waveform is circle wave, amplitude 1.2
~0.8mm, frequency 100Hz；Heat input ratio is 48~90J/mm；
Step 4, postwelding inspection:
After the completion of welding, weldquality is checked, the test mode includes visually X-ray and fluoroscopy.
Using the welding method, the heat input of welding reduces by 20~30%.
In the step 3 (1), before positioning of beam weldering, welding parameter has been carried out according to corresponding welding parameter
Verifying visually inspects weld seam, carries out positioning of beam weldering after meeting weldquality requirement.
In the step 3 (1), the weld seam is welds with different thickness.
In the step 3 (1), the throat depth is 2.0~5.0mm.
In the step 3 (2), welding process are as follows:
When being soldered to the weld seam uniform thickness stage, constant speed of welding is 30mm/s or 22mm/s, and constant welding current is 13mA
Or 18mA, constant scan amplitude is 1.2mm or 1.8mm, and heat input Ratio invariableness is 48J/mm or 90J/mm；
When being soldered to throat depth changes phase:
During throat depth increase, constant speed of welding is 22mm/s, and constant scan amplitude is 1.8mm, heat input
Ratio invariableness is 90J/mm, and constant welding current is 18mA；
During throat depth reduction, constant speed of welding is 30mm/s, and constant scan amplitude is 1.2mm, heat input
Ratio invariableness is 48J/mm, and constant welding current is 13mA.
In the step 3 (2), throat depth increase in reduced welding process, speed of welding, scan amplitude,
Heat input ratio and welding current when throat depth increases with transient change when reducing to corresponding steady state value.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
(1) welding parameter of electron beam is more, it is interrelated closely, especially to thin-wall titanium alloy material, except needing to meet
Weld appearance forming requirements will also control weld seam internal metallurgical quality, the middle pressure high speed electricity of titanium alloy thin wall casing of the invention
Beamlet welding method filters out lower acceleration voltage, high weldering by carrying out contrast orthogonal test to electron beam welding parameters
Connect the welding parameter of speed, circular scan waveform, moderate scan frequency and amplitude, the weld seam frontal width of formation, back side width
It can satisfy design requirement with root reinforcement；
(2) present invention mainly starts with from electron beam welding technique, uses for the first time completely newly on aero-engine stator casing
Welding condition, by adjusting the ginseng such as acceleration voltage, welding current, speed of welding, electron beam scanning pattern, frequency and amplitude
Number realizes that high speed and precision not weld by equal thickness, makes speed of welding be enhanced about more than once；
(3) using the middle pressure high-velocity electron beam welding method of titanium alloy thin wall casing of the invention, so that weld seam is especially
The shape stability and quality of thin and thick changeover portion significantly improve, and reverse side reinforcement substantially reduces, and reverse side splash significantly reduces, welding
Heat input reduces by 20~30%, and welding deformation is effectively controlled, and makes circularity, straightness, the radial contraction amount, leaf of stator casing
Ten significant dimensions precision such as piece angular position, blade height difference are respectively increased 10~80%, and a solder yield is from 50%
It is increased to current 95% or more.
Detailed description of the invention:
Fig. 1 is electron beam weld metallographic microscope, in which:
It (a) is the weld seam metallographic microscope of prior art mesohigh low speed welding；
It (b) is the weld seam metallographic microscope of pressure high-speed welding formation in the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 2 is the titanium alloy thin wall casing schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 3 is the weld joint schematic diagram that the embodiment of the present invention 1 is formed；
Fig. 4 is the weld seam material object schematic diagram that the embodiment of the present invention 1 is formed.
Specific embodiment:
Below with reference to embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment 1
A kind of middle pressure high-velocity electron beam welding method of titanium alloy thin wall casing, comprising the following steps:
Step 1, pre-welding treatment:
Welding pre-treatment is carried out to part to be welded, guarantees that piece surface to be welded without greasy dirt, dust and external attachment, and is protected
It demonstrate,proves fit-up gap and dislocation is less than 0.05mm；
Step 2, component assembly:
Titanium alloy thin wall casing is assembled on welding fixture, and is vacuumized, titanium alloy thin wall casing schematic diagram is such as
Shown in Fig. 2；
Step 3, electron beam welding:
(1) positioning of beam welds: welding parameter verifying has been carried out according to corresponding welding parameter, has visually inspected weld seam, it is full
Sufficient weldquality uses symmetrical tack welding to carry out tack welding to more than 100 weld seams on part after requiring, the throat depth is
2.0~5.0mm；
(2) electron beam welding is carried out, completes the welding of weld seam, wherein welding parameter are as follows: acceleration voltage 110KV is focused
Electric current is 1880mA, and speed of welding is 30~22mm/s；Welding current is 13~18mA, electron beam sweep parameter are as follows: scanning wave
Shape is circle wave, and amplitude is 1.2~0.8mm, frequency 100Hz；Heat input ratio is 48~90J/mm, part welding parameter such as table
Shown in 1；
It is 2.0mm when being soldered to throat depth, constant speed of welding is 30mm/s, and constant welding current is 13mA, scanning
Constant amplitude is 1.2mm, and heat input Ratio invariableness is 48J/mm；
It is 5.0mm when being soldered to throat depth, constant speed of welding is 22mm/s, and constant welding current is 18mA, scanning
Constant amplitude is 1.8mm, and heat input Ratio invariableness is 90J/mm；
During throat depth increases from 2.0mm to 5.0mm, constant speed of welding is 22mm/s, and scan amplitude is constant
For 1.8mm, heat input Ratio invariableness is 90J/mm, and constant welding current is 18mA, wherein speed of welding, scan amplitude, line energy
Measure ratio and welding current in throat depth increase transient change to corresponding steady state value；
During throat depth reduces from 5.0mm to 2.0mm, constant speed of welding is 30mm/s, and scan amplitude is constant
For 1.2mm, heat input Ratio invariableness is 48J/mm, and constant welding current is 13mA, wherein speed of welding, scan amplitude, line energy
Measure ratio and welding current in throat depth reduction transient change to corresponding steady state value；
Step 4, postwelding inspection:
After the completion of welding, using visual, the mode of X-ray and fluoroscopy, weldquality, the weld seam metallographic microscope are checked
As shown in Fig. 1 (b), weld joint schematic diagram as shown in figure 3, weld seam material object schematic diagram as shown in figure 4, weld seam frontal width exists
2.2mm~2.4mm, back side width meet design requirement in 1.3mm~1.5mm, root reinforcement 0.1mm, and weldquality reaches
II class weld seam standard, calculates the welding energy input of the present embodiment method, and the calculation formula of welding energy input isBy calculating, so that the heat input of welding is reduced 20~30% using the welding method, be reflected in postwelding zero
10~80% are improved in part items dimensional accuracy, effect is obvious；The high pressure low speed generallyd use in the prior art welds to be formed
Weld seam metallographic microscope such as Fig. 1 (a) shown in, since speed is lower, liquid state molten pool duration is long, and under the effect of gravity, weld seam goes out
The phenomenon that existing fusion area sinks, and reverse side reinforcement increases.
High-velocity electron beam welding parameter is pressed in table 1
Claims (3)
1. a kind of middle pressure high-velocity electron beam welding method of titanium alloy thin wall casing, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1, pre-welding treatment:
Welding pre-treatment is carried out to part to be welded, guarantees that piece surface to be welded without greasy dirt, dust and external attachment, and guarantees to fill
It is less than 0.05mm with gap and dislocation；
Step 2, component assembly:
Titanium alloy thin wall casing is assembled on welding fixture, and is vacuumized；
Step 3, electron beam welding:
(1) positioning of beam welds: carrying out tack welding to weld seam using symmetrical tack welding；
(2) electron beam welding is carried out, completes the welding of weld seam, wherein welding parameter are as follows: acceleration voltage 110KV, speed of welding
For 30 ~ 22mm/s；Welding current be 13 ~ 18mA, electron beam sweep parameter are as follows: sweep waveform be circle wave, amplitude be 1.2 ~
0.8mm, frequency 100Hz；Heat input ratio is 48 ~ 90J/mm；
Weld detailed process are as follows:
When being soldered to the weld seam uniform thickness stage, it is 30mm/s or 22mm/s that speed of welding is constant, welding current it is constant for 13mA or
18mA, constant scan amplitude is 1.2mm or 0.8mm, and heat input Ratio invariableness is 48J/mm or 90J/mm；
When being soldered to throat depth changes phase:
During throat depth increase, constant speed of welding is 22mm/s, and constant scan amplitude is 0.8mm, heat input ratio
Constant is 90J/mm, and constant welding current is 18mA；
During throat depth reduction, constant speed of welding is 30mm/s, and constant scan amplitude is 1.2mm, heat input ratio
Constant is 48J/mm, and constant welding current is 13mA；
Step 4, postwelding inspection:
After the completion of welding, weldquality is checked, the test mode includes visually X-ray and fluoroscopy.
2. the middle pressure high-velocity electron beam welding method of titanium alloy thin wall casing according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
In the step 3 (1) stated, before positioning of beam weldering, welding parameter verifying is carried out according to corresponding welding parameter, has visually been examined
Weld seam is looked into, carries out positioning of beam weldering after meeting weldquality requirement.
3. the middle pressure high-velocity electron beam welding method of titanium alloy thin wall casing according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
In the step 3 (1) stated, the weld seam is welds with different thickness.
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| CN108581167A (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2018-09-28 | 西安飞机工业（集团）有限责任公司 | A kind of asymmetric fusion penetration double-side electronic beam soldering method of big thickness titanium alloy sheet |
| CN109664014A (en) * | 2018-12-17 | 2019-04-23 | 中国航发动力股份有限公司 | A kind of process reducing the deformation of shell part electron beam welding |
| CN110238612A (en) * | 2019-06-03 | 2019-09-17 | 中国兵器科学研究院宁波分院 | A kind of welding titanium alloy profile and preparation method thereof |
| CN110732795B (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2021-04-06 | 中国航发贵州黎阳航空动力有限公司 | Welding method for aero-engine exhaust casing |
| CN110977170B (en) * | 2019-11-25 | 2021-05-18 | 中国航发沈阳黎明航空发动机有限责任公司 | Electron beam welding method for thin-wall casing gas-collecting hood structure |
| CN111702317A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-09-25 | 中国航发动力股份有限公司 | Electron beam welding method for double-sided planet weld joint structure |
| CN112077440A (en) * | 2020-07-31 | 2020-12-15 | 北京航星机器制造有限公司 | Welding method of thin-wall titanium alloy spherical component |
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| JPH04274888A (en) * | 1991-02-28 | 1992-09-30 | Kobe Steel Ltd | Jointing method of sheet |
| CN100369706C (en) * | 2004-10-22 | 2008-02-20 | 沈阳黎明航空发动机(集团)有限责任公司 | Vacuum electron beam welding method for thin-walled titanium alloy assembly |
| CN102416525B (en) * | 2011-10-17 | 2013-06-19 | 哈尔滨汽轮机厂有限责任公司 | Electron beam welding method for variable-section gas turbine casing |
| CN104858542B (en) * | 2015-06-05 | 2017-04-05 | 北京星航机电装备有限公司 | For the vacuum electron beam welding method of multi cabin thin-wall titanium alloy body structure |
| CN104959725B (en) * | 2015-06-08 | 2017-05-31 | 航天材料及工艺研究所 | A kind of large-scale variable thickness part electron beam welding deformation control method |
| CN105108363B (en) * | 2015-08-24 | 2017-06-20 | 北京星航机电装备有限公司 | A kind of large thin-wall missile wing butt welding deformation control method |
| CN106862746B (en) * | 2017-03-08 | 2019-05-10 | 西北工业大学 | A kind of high-temperature titanium alloy thin-section casting electro-beam welding method |
| CN107160025A (en) * | 2017-05-15 | 2017-09-15 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七二五研究所 | A kind of thin-wall barrel high energy beam precision welding manufacture method |
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