CN104949694B - A kind of magnetic torsion type magnetoelectric transducer - Google Patents
A kind of magnetic torsion type magnetoelectric transducer Download PDFInfo
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- CN104949694B CN104949694B CN201410116568.XA CN201410116568A CN104949694B CN 104949694 B CN104949694 B CN 104949694B CN 201410116568 A CN201410116568 A CN 201410116568A CN 104949694 B CN104949694 B CN 104949694B
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of magnetic torsion type magnetoelectric transducer.The magnetoelectric transducer uses monolithic piezoelectric piece, and the monolithic piezoelectric plate electrode is carried out into dividing processing, forms more than the two sections small piezoelectric regions being spaced；Then each section small piezoelectric regions through-thickness is carried out into electric polarization treatment, adjacent two sections of polarised directions of small piezoelectric patches obtain two output ends conversely, be connected each section of small piezoelectric patches of polarised direction identical as an output end after finishing by polarization；During working condition, magnet produces magnetic torsion under additional magnetic fields, drives each section small piezoelectric regions to produce flexural deformation by interracial contact, so as to produce voltage output in two output ends.Compared with prior art, on the one hand the magnetoelectric transducer of the structure to avoid and produce interface sliding during using biplate voltage piece and cause the problem of failure, on the other hand reduces cost of manufacture, is conducive to large-scale production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electronic material device field, and in particular to a kind of magnetic torsion type magnetic sensing of detectable magnetic signal
Device.
Background technology
Sensor technology has become weighs a progressive important technology of modernization, high accuracy, the cheap, biography of low-power consumption
Sensor has become the development trend of moment sensor.
Used as the one kind in sensor, Magnetic Sensor plays key player in development of modern scientific technology, its reliability
Property and flexibility raising also make its application become more and more extensive.With classification of type, Magnetic Sensor can be divided into：Induction coil
Type（Search coil）, Hall effect type（Hall effect）, magnetoelectricity resistance type（AMR or GMR）, magnetic channel type（MTJ or
SDJ）, magneto-optical（Magneto-optical）, light pump-type（Optically pumped）, magnetic diode type（Magneto-
diode）, magnetic triode type（Magneto-transistor）, atomic magnetic force type（Nuclear precession）, magnetic flux gate
（Fluxgate）, magnetoelectricity type（magnetoelectric）, superconductive quantum interference type（SQUID）Deng.
These Magnetic Sensors have the advantage and disadvantage of its own.For low-frequency acquisition, the magnetic sensing of current full accuracy
Device is SQUID, but SQUID needs to work at low temperature, and expensive, is hardly resulted in commonly used.Other detection accuracies
Comparing Magnetic Sensor high has atomic magnetic force type, magnetic flux gate, magnetoelectricity resistance type, light pump-type Magnetic Sensor etc., however, these types
Magnetic Sensor it is either expensive, or make complicated, constrain commonly used.
Comparatively speaking, magnetoelectric transducer is favored because preparing simply by people.At present, common magnetoelectricity type sensor
It is main compound by magnetostriction materials and piezoelectric stacking, realize that magnetoelectricity is changed by the intrinsic coupling of material, obtain magnetoelectricity
Effect.This layered electromagnetic effect is proposed by SQM Technology companies（US patent
No.5675252.1997）, Penn state Univedrsity, the Virginia Tech, Oakland in the later U.S.
The units such as University, the Novgorod state University of Russia, the Tsing-Hua University and Nanjing University of China are entered
Gone correlation research work.
The operation principle of this layered electromagnetic sensor is：When magnetic fields are to magnetoelectric transducer, magnetostriction materials
Deform upon, deformation is passed to by piezoelectric by the coupling of interfacial force, so that piezoelectric is deformed upon, by piezoelectricity
The direct piezoelectric effect output charge of material, so as to realize magnetic to the conversion of electricity.This coupled modes are referred to as magnetostriction-piezoelectricity coupling
Close magnetoelectricity mode.In order to obtain strong magnetoelectric effect, generally requiring to use has strong magnetostriction coefficient and suppresses electrostrictive coefficient
Material is combined.The common material with giant magnetostrictive driver coefficient has terbium dysprosium ferrum（Terfenol-D）, iron gallium
（Galfenol）, non-crystaline amorphous metal（Metglass）Deng.But, Terfenol-D and Galfenol is required to expensive rare earth material
Prepare, expensive price, thus limit its scale and use；Metglass is although relatively cheap, but the magnetic being made using it
Electric transducer sensitivity is easily influenceed by magnetic field of the earth, thus limits its use under various occasions.
2008, scientist proposed a kind of method for not using magnetostriction materials to be made magnetoelectronic devices, referring to delivering
In entitled Giant on 93 phase U.S. AIP association's physical magazine Applied physics letters in 2008
The article of magnetoelectric effect in Pb (Zr, Ti) O-3-bimorph/NdFeB laminate device.Should
Method is combined using piezoelectric bimorph and magnet and realizes magnetoelectric effect, in order to be distinguished with foregoing layered electromagnetic sensor, this
Plant magnetoelectronic devices and be also referred to as magnetic torsion type magnetoelectric transducer.Magnetic torsion type magnetoelectric transducer replaces magnetic as a result of cheap magnet
Telescopic material is caused, and causes that its cost of manufacture is substantially reduced；Additionally, magnetic torsion type magnetic-electric sensing different from layered electromagnetic sensor
Device causes piezoelectric deforming using A.O. power, and the A.O. power of magnet, such as NdFeB can keep steady in relatively wide working range
Fixed, this causes that such sensor all has very stable sensitivity in magnetic field range extremely wide.
But, it is many using the piezoelectric bimorph being stacked together in current magnetic torsion type magnetoelectric transducer structure, when long
Between in working environment the piezoelectric bimorph be susceptible to interface sliding and cause failure, device is also caused using multi-disc piezoelectric patches in addition
Part cost of manufacture increases.
The content of the invention
Deficiency of the present invention for the magnetic torsion type magnetoelectric transducer structure of above-mentioned use piezoelectric bimorph, there is provided Yi Zhongxin
The magnetic torsion type magnetoelectric transducer of type structure, it has simple structure, low manufacture cost, stable performance, and suitable for extensive
The advantages of production.
A kind of magnetic torsion type magnetoelectric transducer, including piezoelectric patches and magnet；
Described magnet is at least connected with one end of piezoelectric patches；
Described piezoelectric patches uses monolithic piezoelectric piece, and the segmented treatment of monolithic piezoelectric plate electrode forms two sections and two sections
, there is interval between two sections of adjacent small piezoelectric regions in small piezoelectric regions above；Then each section small piezoelectric regions through-thickness is entered
Row polarization process, two sections of adjacent polarised directions of small piezoelectric regions are conversely, polarization is small by each section of polarised direction identical after finishing
Piezoelectric patches is connected as an output end, obtains two output ends；
During working condition, magnet produces magnetic torsion under additional magnetic fields, and monolithic piezoelectric piece is driven by interracial contact
Flexural deformation, so that drive each section small piezoelectric regions to produce the upper and lower surface of flexural deformation, through-thickness to produce opposite stress,
Voltage output is produced in two output ends.
Described monolithic piezoelectric piece is made of piezoelectric generally in the art, and specific material is not limited, preferably by piezoelectricity
Coefficient d33Or d31In the piezoelectric of more than 10pC/N, such as from piezoelectric ceramic piece, piezoelectric monocrystal sheet or piezo-polymeric
Thing etc..
The shape of described monolithic piezoelectric piece is not limited, preferably plates.
Described magnet is not limited using the common permanent magnet in this area, specific material, for example, can select metal alloy magnetic
Iron or ferrite magnetic iron material etc., such as ndfeb magnet（NdFeB）, samarium cobalt magnet（SmCo）With ferrite lattice etc..
The one end of described magnet at least with monolithic piezoelectric piece is connected, and is specifically divided into the following two kinds situation：
（1）One end of monolithic piezoelectric piece is connected with magnet, and the other end carries the baby fixation；
As in Fig. 1（a）It is shown, monolithic piezoelectric piece after electrode dividing processing, polarization process, A1（A2）Area and B1（B2）Area
The polarised direction of through-thickness is opposite.
During working condition, in such as Fig. 1（b）With（c）It is shown, as applying externally-applied magnetic field δ H, when correspondence magnetic induction intensity is δ B,
The magnetic moment m with magnet is had an effect in magnetic field, produces magnetic torsion δ τ=m × δ B, magnetic torsion δ τ to make magnet to magnetic moment m and B mono-
Reverse in the direction of cause.Because magnet is fettered by piezoelectric patches, piezoelectric patches one end such as is clamped at the constraint, so that piezoelectric patches generation is curved
Song deformation, this flexural deformation will produce opposite stress on two surfaces up and down of piezoelectric patches through-thickness.Due to same
Upper and lower two Surface Polarizations of polarized area are pointed to conversely, the electric charge of to produced identical polar（For example, Fig. 1（b）Middle upper surface A1
Identical with lower surface A2 charge polarities, upper surface B1 is identical with lower surface B2 charge polarities）, and due to A1（A2）And B1（B2）'s
Polarised direction is conversely, so A1（A2）And B1（B2）Opposite charge.Using A1 and A2 conducting connections as an output end, B1 and
B2 conducting connections produce voltage output as another output end.
（2）The two ends of monolithic piezoelectric piece are connected with the first magnet with the second magnet respectively, and the first magnet and second
The direction of magnetization of magnet is opposite；
As described above（1）Described, the first magnet and the second magnet produce magnetic torsion, magnetic torsion that the first magnet is produced and the
The magnetic torsion that two magnet are produced is in opposite direction, and at piezoelectric patches two ends, so the first magnet and the second magnet will cause piezoelectricity
Piece produce identical stress, rise Overlay, therefore with it is above-mentioned（1）Middle one end clamps the situation of one end plus magnet compared to having lacked folder
Mechanism is held, the flexibility of application is increased.
When magnet produces magnetic torsion under additional magnetic fields, the one end of magnet at least with monolithic piezoelectric piece is connected.Should
Connected mode is not limited, for example, magnet can be connected to the end face of monolithic piezoelectric piece, it is also possible to be connected to the upper surface of monolithic pressure with
Lower surface etc., described upper surface and lower surface refers to along the upper and lower surface of piezoelectric patches thickness direction.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages that：
It is on the one hand effective by after segmentation, polarization process, forming it into two voltage output ends using monolithic piezoelectric piece
Avoid and produce interface sliding during using biplate voltage piece and cause the problem of failure, on the other hand effectively reduce and be fabricated to
This, is conducive to large-scale production.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the fundamental diagram of magnetic torsion type magnetoelectric transducer of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the magnetic torsion type magnetoelectric transducer in the embodiment of the present invention 1；
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the magnetic torsion type magnetoelectric transducer in the embodiment of the present invention 2；
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the magnetic torsion type magnetoelectric transducer in the embodiment of the present invention 3；
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the magnetic torsion type magnetoelectric transducer in the embodiment of the present invention 4.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail with embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, it should be pointed out that reality as described below
Apply example to be intended to be easy to the understanding of the present invention, and do not play any restriction effect to it.
Embodiment 1：
In the present embodiment, the structure of magnetic torsion type magnetoelectric transducer is as shown in Fig. 2 including monolithic piezoelectric piece 1 and magnet.
The size of monolithic piezoelectric piece 1 is：29mm long, width 6mm, thickness 0.8mm, through-thickness divide the monolithic piezoelectric plate electrode
Treatment is cut, formation is spaced 1mm between two sections of small piezoelectric regions, and this section small piezoelectric patches.
Magnet is made up of magnet 2 with 3, and magnet 2 and 3 is NdFeB, and the magnet 2 and 3 magnetic moment M directions with list
The thickness direction of piece piezoelectric patches 1 is parallel.
Two sections of piezoelectric regions through-thickness are carried out into polarization process, and polarised direction is opposite.In addition, positioned at the left side
The left end of small piezoelectric patches reserve 4mm and do not cover electrode, to fixed clamp, i.e., the end is consolidated using fixed clamp device
It is fixed；Reserve 4mm in the right-hand member of the small piezoelectric patches positioned at the right and do not cover electrode to binding magnet, will magnet 2 bonded respectively with 3
The upper and lower surface of part through-thickness is reserved at this.
Two sections of polarization of piezoelectric regions through-thickness, and polarised direction is conversely, upper surface electrode is respectively A1, B1, under
Surface is respectively A2, B2.A1 and A2 are turned on connection up and down as an output end for polarization after finishing, by B1 and the B2 company of conducting up and down
Connect as another output end, obtain two output ends.
During working condition, externally-applied magnetic field, including Hac（Exchange）And Hdc（Direct current）, produced in magnetic fields lower magnet 2 and 3
Magnetic torsion, drives piezoelectric patches to produce flexural deformation, so as to drive each section of piezoelectric regions to produce flexural deformation, and along upper surface A1 with
B1 produces pressure（Draw）Stress, along the lower surface A2 drawings opposite with B2 generations（Pressure）Stress, so as to produce voltage in two output ends
Output.
In the present embodiment, 0.1~10Hz of low frequency is output as 2V/cm.Oe, and resonance~150Hz is output as 50V/cm.Oe.
Embodiment 2：
In the present embodiment, the structure of magnetic torsion type magnetoelectric transducer is essentially identical with the structure in embodiment 1, except that
Reserve 4mm in the left end of the small piezoelectric patches positioned at the left side and do not cover electrode, to binding magnet 4 and 5, will magnet 4 glued respectively with 5
Knot reserves the upper and lower surface of part through-thickness at this, as shown in Figure 3.Wherein, identical with 3 with magnet 2, magnet 4 is with 5
NdFeB, but the magnetic moment direction of magnetic moment direction of the magnet 4 with 5 with magnet 2 with 3 is opposite.
During working condition, externally-applied magnetic field produces magnetic torsion, magnet 4 to produce phase negative side with 5 in magnetic fields lower magnet 2 and 3
To magnetic torsion.The magnetic torsion that magnet 2 and 3 is produced drives the small piezoelectric patches positioned at the right to produce flexural deformation, so that band dynamic pressure
Electric piece produces flexural deformation, and produces pressure along upper surface A1, B1（Draw）Stress, opposite drawing is produced along lower surface A2, B2
（Pressure）Stress, so as to produce voltage output in two output ends.The magnetic torsion that magnet 4 and 5 is produced makes the bending that piezoelectric patches is produced
Deformation effect plays Overlay as the effect of magnet 2 and 3.Compared with Example 1, the magnetic torsion type magnetoelectricity of this structure
Sensor increased the flexibility of application without clamping device.
In the present embodiment, 0.1~10Hz of low frequency is output as 2V/cm.Oe, and resonance~900Hz is output as 45V/cm.Oe.
Embodiment 3：
In the present embodiment, the structure of magnetic torsion type magnetoelectric transducer is essentially identical with the structure in embodiment 1, except that
The monolithic piezoelectric piece is many segment electrodes, forms ten Duan little piezoelectric polarizations areas, and Liang Duan little piezoelectric polarizations area adjacent to each other it
Between be spaced 1mm, as shown in Figure 4.
Electrode A 1 and A2 are overlapped in thickness direction, and electrode B 1 and B2 are overlapped in thickness direction.By this ten sections small piezoelectric regions edges
Thickness direction carries out polarization process；The polarised direction of two sections of adjacent small piezoelectric regions is opposite.Polarization connects A1 and A2 after finishing
As an output end, B1 and B2 is connected into another output end.Compared with Example 1, the magnetic torsion type magnetoelectric transducer of this structure
Advantage be electric capacity big, strong interference immunity.
Embodiment 4：
In the present embodiment, the structure of magnetic torsion type magnetoelectric transducer is essentially identical with the structure in embodiment 3, except that
Reserve 4mm in the left end of the small piezoelectric patches positioned at the left side and do not cover electrode, to binding magnet 4 and 5, will magnet 4 glued respectively with 5
Knot reserves the upper and lower surface of part through-thickness at this, as shown in Figure 5.Wherein, identical with 3 with magnet 2, magnet 4 is with 5
NdFeB, but the magnetic moment direction of magnetic moment direction of the magnet 4 with 5 with magnet 2 with 3 is opposite.Compared with Example 3, this structure
Magnetic torsion type magnetoelectric transducer without clamping device, increased the flexibility of application.
Embodiment described above has been described in detail to technical scheme and beneficial effect, it should be understood that
Specific embodiment of the invention is the foregoing is only, is not intended to limit the invention, it is all to be done in spirit of the invention
Any modification and improvement etc., should be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of magnetic torsion type magnetoelectric transducer, including piezoelectric patches and magnet, it is characterized in that：
Described magnet is at least connected with one end of piezoelectric patches；
Described piezoelectric patches uses monolithic piezoelectric piece, and the segmented treatment of monolithic piezoelectric plate electrode forms more than two sections of small pressure
, there is interval between two sections of adjacent small piezoelectric regions in electric area；Then each section small piezoelectric regions through-thickness is carried out at electric polarization
Reason, adjacent two sections of polarised directions of small piezoelectric regions conversely, polarization finish after by each section small piezoelectric regions phase of polarised direction identical
Continuous cropping is an output end, obtains two output ends；
During working condition, magnet produces magnetic torsion under additional magnetic fields, drives monolithic piezoelectric piece to bend by interracial contact
Deformation, so that drive each section small piezoelectric regions to produce the upper and lower surface of flexural deformation, through-thickness to produce opposite stress, two
Individual output end produces voltage output.
2. magnetic torsion type magnetoelectric transducer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：Described monolithic piezoelectric piece is by piezoelectric modulus
d33Or d31Constituted in the piezoelectric of more than 10pC/N.
3. magnetic torsion type magnetoelectric transducer according to claim 2, it is characterized in that：Described piezoelectric be piezoelectric ceramics,
Piezoelectric monocrystal or piezopolymer.
4. magnetic torsion type magnetoelectric transducer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：Described monolithic piezoelectric piece is shaped as piece
Shape body.
5. magnetic torsion type magnetoelectric transducer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：One end of described monolithic piezoelectric piece and magnetic
Iron phase connects, and the other end of monolithic piezoelectric piece carries the baby fixation.
6. magnetic torsion type magnetoelectric transducer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：The two ends difference of described monolithic piezoelectric piece
It is connected with the first magnet with the second magnet, and the first magnet is opposite with the direction of magnetization of the second magnet.
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| JP3835447B2 (en) * | 2002-10-23 | 2006-10-18 | ヤマハ株式会社 | Magnetic sensor, method for manufacturing the same, and magnet array suitable for the method |
| CN101369484B (en) * | 2008-05-28 | 2013-03-13 | 中国科学院上海硅酸盐研究所 | Non-contact type current/voltage converter |
| CN101404468B (en) * | 2008-11-25 | 2011-06-08 | 重庆大学 | Vibration energy collector with piezomagnetic/piezoelectric composite energy conversion structure |
| CN102141601A (en) * | 2010-12-29 | 2011-08-03 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | AC (Alternating Current) magnetic sensor |
| CN102520372B (en) * | 2011-12-19 | 2014-04-23 | 中国科学院宁波材料技术与工程研究所 | Multi-coupling magnetic sensor |
| CN102611351A (en) * | 2012-03-23 | 2012-07-25 | 东南大学 | Piezoelectricity-magnetic electricity mixed energy collection device |
| CN102790547B (en) * | 2012-07-18 | 2015-08-05 | 天津大学 | Bistable state double cantilever beam piezoelectric generating device |
| CN103023378B (en) * | 2013-01-11 | 2018-09-28 | 浙江工商大学 | The multi-direction vibration energy collector of broadband |
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| CN106871934A (en) * | 2017-03-27 | 2017-06-20 | 华中科技大学 | A kind of method for widening magnetoelectric transducer operating frequency range |
| CN106871934B (en) * | 2017-03-27 | 2019-08-13 | 华中科技大学 | A method of widening magnetoelectric transducer operating frequency range |
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