CN104947667A

CN104947667A - Pile hammer

Info

Publication number: CN104947667A
Application number: CN201510138543.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: L.耶赫; M.海歇尔
Original assignee: Delmag GmbH and Co KG
Current assignee: Delmag GmbH and Co KG
Priority date: 2014-03-28
Filing date: 2015-03-27
Publication date: 2015-09-30
Also published as: EP2924171B1; US20150275458A1; EP2924171A1

Abstract

A pile hammer includes a cylinder (1); a piston (2) displaceably guided in the cylinder (1); a striker (3) displaceably guided in the cylinder (1) and disposed underneath the piston (2) in the operating position of the pile hammer; a combustion chamber (12) delimited axially by a face surface (30) of the striker (3) that lies in the interior of the cylinder (1) and by a face surface (21) of the piston (2); and at least one fuel feed device, through which a predetermined amount of fuel can be introduced into the combustion chamber (12) during each work cycle. The pile hammer is characterized in that the piston (2) has a cavity (24) that is filled, at least in part, with a movable filler.

Description

Percussion hammer

Technical field

The present invention relates to percussion hammer as described in the preamble (Rammhammer) according to claim 1, the ram (Schlagst ü ck) comprising cylinder, the piston guided movably in cylinder and guide movably in cylinder.

Background technology

When hammering concrete pile, usual Problems existing is: compressive stress or the tensile stress of the little maximum permission in stake need special measure, to avoid damaging concrete pile.Be furnished with to decay between the workpiece and stake of pile driver for this reason and wrap (D mpfungspaket), to react on the damage of concrete pile.

The shortcoming of this known assembly is, corresponding installation decay must wrap, which thereby enhanced cost before hammering each concrete pile.

Summary of the invention

At this, the present invention will provide remedial measure.The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of percussion hammer, it realizes when not having the requirement of additional decay bag when hammering concrete pile.According to the present invention, this object is realized by the feature of the characteristic of claim 1.

Utilization the invention provides a kind of percussion hammer, and it realizes when the requirement of the decay bag not between ram and concrete pile when hammering concrete pile.There is the piston of cavity (it is filled with movable filler at least in part) to realize the decay of clashing into by structural belt, reacting on the damage of concrete pile thus when there is no the requirement of additional decay bag.

In improvement project of the present invention, the cavity of piston is closed by the cover cap that can be connected with piston dividually.Realize introducing different fillers compared to feasible equally inseparable fixing (such as by means of welding) thus, different decay can be set according to the material of stake to be hammered thus.Preferably, filler is formed by bulk cargo or liquid.As bulk cargo, especially use quartz sand or metal bullet (Metallstrahlmittel) at this, especially steel bomb ball or aluminium bomb ball.Suitable liquid is such as oil or water.

In improvement project of the present invention, filler is formed by the particle with substantially circular geometry.Realize the low setting time (Setzzeit) of material whereby, cause best attenuation process thus.

In another design scheme of the present invention, be in that it is relative with combustion chamber and end that is that put is furnished with protuberance for engaging releasing device (Ausklinkvorrichtung) at piston.Can cancel thus cylinder conventionally required kerve, because pull-up process is carried out completely outside cylinder.

In another design scheme of the present invention, be provided with jacket, it can be placed in concrete pile place and have the opening penetrated for ram.Alternatively, jacket also cocoa be configured in the cylinder place of percussion hammer regularly.Put striking face with causing sound absorption whereby, cause minimizing sound emission thus.Because it is main sound source that ram impinges upon in stake, so significantly reduce level of noise hammering in process to cause whereby.Advantageously, sentence at jacket and surround the mode penetrating opening and be furnished with at least one sound absorbing element.As sound absorbing element, applicable especially more or less homogeneous or cellulosic material, its thickness limits the frequency of lower limit, also can realize the sound wave almost absorbing impact completely wherein.Corresponding absorption is also by arranging that suitable flow resistance portion (form such as in fabric nonwoven cloth) realizes: such as strut with enough large and equally distributed as far as possible, in hole or on the orifice plate of the perforation of the form of otch.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Describe in other dependent claims of the present invention other improvement project and design scheme.Embodiments of the invention shown in the drawings and being described in detail below.Wherein:

Fig. 1 shows the schematic diagram of the percussion hammer of the form in diesel oil percussion hammer;

Fig. 2 shows the diagram of the piston of the percussion hammer of Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 shows the schematic diagram of the arrangement of jacket between percussion hammer and concrete pile, and

Fig. 4 shows the schematic diagram of the top section of the percussion hammer of Fig. 1 and the releasing device of layout.

Detailed description of the invention

The diesel oil percussion hammer being elected to be embodiment is included in the cylinder 1 opened wide both sides, and it can have the length of 3 to 8 meters and the diameter of 0.2 to 1.5 meter usually.Piston 2 is furnished with movably in cylinder 1.Ram 3 coaxial therewith joins in the lower end opened wide of cylinder 1 movably.Be fixed with the bearing unit 9 of annular at the lower end of cylinder 1, guide hermetically and movably the bar section 31 of the centre of ram 3 wherein, it has the external diameter reduced relative to the internal diameter of cylinder 1.Diesel oil percussion hammer is supported along pillar (M kler) movably by the guiding pawl 13 being arranged in cylinder 1 place.

Be molded with the crash panel 32 be under cylinder 1 at the lower end of bar section 31, the restriction face 33 of the convex of its bottom is outwardly in operation and the upper end acting in conjunction of concrete pile 8 to be press-fited.

Be molded with piston section 34 at the upper end of the bar section 31 of ram 3, piston section 34 with multiple around, isolated joint ring vertically, it extends on the medial surface 11 of cylinder 1.Combustion chamber 12 is limited together with the medial surface 11 of the upside of the piston section 34 of ram 3 and the downside of piston 2 and cylinder 1.The end face of the combustion chamber 12 towards cylinder 1 of ram 3 utilizes smooth fuel tray 30 to polish.

Ring 91 of decaying is furnished with between the crash panel 32 and the bearing unit 9 of cylinder 1 of ram 3.Another decay ring 92 is adjacent to carrier unit 9 and is arranged between the downside of the upside of carrier unit 9 and the piston section 34 of ram 3.

Be extended with in the inside of cylinder 1 on ram 3 piston 2 be provided with around, the working end 23 of the bottom of joint ring 93 that is spaced apart from each other vertically.The end face 21 polished freely of the bottom of piston 2 by radially around step give prominence to.

Be molded with body section (Massenabschnitt, that is, quality section) 22 at working end 23 place of the bottom of piston 2, it to extend in the top section of cylinder 1 and has cavity 24 in inside.The end of the piston 2 that cavity 24 is relative with end face 21 at it and put utilizes cover cap 25 to close.Cover cap 25 is fixed on piston 2 place by bolt 251 in this embodiment.Cover cap 25 is provided with screwed hole 252 in centre.Screwed hole 252 is for engaging unshowned spiral crab-bolt for manipulation cover cap 25.In the region of cover cap 25, be in side at piston 2 be molded with protuberance 26 in outside around ground.Protuberance 26 is for holding the hook 71 of releasing device 7.The cavity 24 of piston 2 is filled with quartz sand in this embodiment.

Be furnished with injection apparatus 4 at the circumferential wall place of cylinder 1, it comprises petrolift 41, and petrolift 41 is connected with injection nozzle 42 by pipeline 43.The entrance of petrolift 41 supplies diesel oil by fuel tank 5.

The petrolift 41 be connected with fuel tank 5 by pipeline 43 has the pump rod 44 of the prestrain in the inside reaching cylinder 1, and the piston 2 that petrolift 41 is declining is driven by pump rod 44 through out-of-date.Injection nozzle 42 is structure and orientation so, that is, the fuel of payment be similar to continuous print beam substantially be medially sprayed onto ram 3 end face on.

In addition, at cylinder 1, place is furnished with lubriation material pump 51, and it is connected with the lubricant nozzle in the circumferential direction being distributed in cylinder 1.Between the medial surface 11 by lubricant nozzle lubriation material being provided to piston 2 and cylinder 1.

Figure 3 illustrates percussion hammer use and have jacket 6.Jacket 6 substantially constructs open column shape and has the sound absorbing element 61 of circular structure in its end towards percussion hammer, and its restriction penetrates opening 62.Under sound absorbing element 61, be furnished with an accommodation section 63 in jacket 6, it is provided with elastomer layer 64 at its sidepiece place towards stake 8.Jacket 6 is for reducing sound emission when clashing into ram 3.

Above-mentioned percussion hammer works as follows: in initial state, piston 2 is raised in the position on top by releasing device 7.Engage the hook 71 of the releasing device 7 of the protuberance 26 being used for piston 2 for this reason and next pass through hook 71 to pull-up, this hook is connected with rope drive portion 72 for this reason.After release hook 71, piston 2 under gravity to falling, closedown work adapter 16 and handle the pump rod 44 of injection apparatus 4 with its end face 21, by injection nozzle 42, fuel is sprayed onto in the fuel tray 30 of ram 3 thus.At this, formed the inflammable mixture comprising fuel droplets and air by impact atomization.

Along with piston 2 strikes on ram 3, be applied to concrete pile 8 on via it by the power pointed to by ram 3 downwards, concrete pile 8 is driven further in soil layer by this power.The momentum of piston of decaying due to the quartz sand in the cavity 24 of introducing piston 2, resists the damage of concrete pile thus when impacting.To be reduced when piston 2 strikes on ram 3 by jacket 6 at this and be applied to the sound that concrete pile 8 sends by ram 3.

When piston 2 and then due to the burning of the explosion type of fuel trigger move upward, piston 2 discharges work adapter 16, and burning gases are reduced pressure and flowed away by work adapter 16 thus.Piston 2 now when by upwards cunning further when work adapter 16 inhale fresh air, until the end position on its top of piston arrives, and the working cycles illustrated by repeating.

Claims

1. a percussion hammer, comprising: cylinder (1); The piston (2) guided movably in described cylinder (1); The ram (3) guided movably in described cylinder (1), it is arranged under described piston (2) in the running status of described percussion hammer; Combustion chamber (12), it is limited by the end face (30) being arranged in the inside of described cylinder (1) of described ram (3) and the end face (21) of described piston (2) vertically; And at least one fuel delivery means, the fuel of scheduled volume can be incorporated in described combustion chamber (12) in each working cycles by it, it is characterized in that, described piston (2) has cavity (24), and it is filled with second filler different from piston material at least in part.

2. percussion hammer according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described filler is arranged within described cavity movingly.

3. percussion hammer according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, the cavity (24) of described piston (2) is closed by the cover cap (25) that can be connected with described piston (2) dividually.

4. the percussion hammer according to claims 1 to 3, is characterized in that, described filler is formed by bulk cargo and/or liquid.

5. percussion hammer according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described filler contains quartz sand and/or metal bullet, especially steel bomb ball, plumb ball or aluminium bomb ball.

6. percussion hammer according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described filler is formed by the particle with substantially circular geometry.

7. percussion hammer according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described filler is formed by water and/or oil.

8. the percussion hammer according to any one of the claims, it is characterized in that, being in that it is relative with described combustion chamber (12) and end that is that put is furnished with protuberance (26) for engaging releasing device (7) at described piston (2).

9. the percussion hammer according to any one of the claims, it is characterized in that, be provided with jacket (6), it can be placed in concrete pile (8) and go up and the opening (62) penetrated had for described ram (3).

10. percussion hammer according to claim 9, is characterized in that, sentences the mode penetrating opening (62) described in encirclement be furnished with at least one sound absorbing element (61) at described jacket (6).