CN103993601B

CN103993601B - diesel pile hammer

Info

Publication number: CN103993601B
Application number: CN201310416659.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: M·海歇尔
Original assignee: General Underground Construction Machinery Management Of Utm And Ltd Investment Liability Co
Current assignee: General Underground Construction Machinery Management Of Utm And Ltd Investment Liability Co
Priority date: 2013-02-15
Filing date: 2013-09-13
Publication date: 2017-09-12
Anticipated expiration: 2033-09-13
Also published as: CN103993601A; DE102013101550A1

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of piling equipment, the piling equipment includes a diesel pile hammer and a back-off assembly, the diesel pile hammer carries a cylinder, one piston that can be movably directed in the cylinder and an impulse member that can be movably directed in the cylinder, the impulse member is arranged in the running status of diesel hammer under the piston, wherein, the back-off assembly has a carrying piece, the carrying piece can be brought into the side pocket being arranged in the piston by a breach being embedded in the cylinder, wherein, the locking projection and the back-off assembly of a bottom are disposed with the cylinder has an operating lever.The locking projection（26）And/or the operating lever（74）Construct as follows, i.e. the locking projection and/or the operating lever can be by the back-off assemblies（7）The operating lever（74）Collision area or the locking projection（26）Collision area in move away.

Description

Diesel pile hammer

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind of piling equipment according to claim 1 preamble, it includes a diesel pile hammer and one Back-off assembly, the diesel pile hammer is with a cylinder, a piston that can be movably directed in the cylinder and one in the cylinder The middle impulse member that can be movably directed to.

Background technology

With also being indicated as diesel hammerOr diesel oil tupDiesel pile hammer Piling equipment be used for especially in the element task of construction industry by all types of stakes, such as cement pillar, iron bearing part, steel plate Stake (Spundwandelementen) or similar stake are rammed into ground.

In order to start such diesel pile hammer, piston is pulled up simultaneously by means of a back-off assembly in the cylinder interior And unclamped in a height determined, thus, the piston is dropped down onto on the impulse member under gravity.When falling, By the piston come operating fuel pump, the conveying of fuel especially diesel oil is carried out by the petrolift.Pass through what is fallen Piston, the air in the combustion chamber of the cylinder is compressed and thus heated as follows, i.e. existed in a combustion chamber Fuel/air mixture is ignited, and then the mixture explosion type burns.Pass through the Explosive Energy discharged in the case, a side Face is by piston in order to which new working cycles are again to upthrow；Piling thing is driven into ground by the impulse member simultaneously.

Described to be used to lift the back-off assembly in the piston of cylinder interior with a carrying piece, the carrying piece is embedded in the work In one side pocket of plug.After the lifting height needed for reaching for starting, the carrying piece is unclamped into projection fortune via one The interior room of the cylinder is moved out of, thus, the piston is released.Often cylinder is such in a saddle as described herein for the back-off assembly It is upper to be oriented to.May especially occur herein in the case of the saddle of short, repositionable (nachf ü hrbar)：Pass through The inaccurate tracking (Nachf ü hrung) of the saddle and/or the back-off assembly, the back-off assembly being on the saddle exists Moved on the direction of locking projection, thus, the carrying piece is inadvertently swinging into cylinder.Piston and pine are likely to occur herein The damage of opening apparatus.Corresponding the problem of, for example also obtains in the case of such embodiment, in these embodiments, institute Carrying piece is stated to be directly arranged on the diesel pile hammer by a supplementary structure.Further it is also possible to being caused not by faulty operation It is desired to swing in.

The content of the invention

Herein, the present invention will provide correction solution.The present invention is based on following task, i.e. propose a kind of above-mentioned The diesel pile hammer of type, wherein, it is to avoid carrying piece being not intended into the cylinder chamber of the back-off assembly swings in.According to this Invention, the feature of the characteristic that the task passes through claim 1 is solved.

Using the present invention a kind of diesel pile hammer of above-mentioned type is proposed, wherein, it is to avoid the back-off assembly Carrying piece being not intended into the cylinder chamber swing in.By the locking projection and/or operating lever by the operating lever Motion that what collision area came out can realize herein avoids the unintended activation of the operating lever.

Concept " collision area " is herein understood as such region, and the operating lever exceedes the back-off assembly Possible shift motion covers the region.If the locking projection or the operating lever are moved out by the collision area Come, then the shock on the operating lever to the locking projection is no longer possible.

Concept " diesel pile hammer " is then understood to any impact pile hammer (Schlagramme) with operating fuel.

In the improvement project of the present invention, the locking projection and/or the operating lever are configured to cylinder, are preferably configured as Hydraulic cylinder.The locking projection or the operating lever energy remote operation are moved out into the impact zone it is possible thereby to realize Domain.Alternatively, the locking projection and/or the operating lever can out can also be shown or energy by the collision area The mode of rotation is constructed.

In the improvement project of the present invention, the carrying piece is constructed as follows in the back-off assembly, i.e. described Carrying piece is in swinging in after (Hereinschwenken) and in the pendulum by the operating lever by the operating lever It is locked in after going out in corresponding swing position.Thus the undesirable swing of the carrying piece is further reacted on.

In the design of the present invention, the fuel delivery means include a pump lever, and the pump lever is as follows It extend into the cylinder, i.e. the pump lever is manipulated when the piston passes through, thus, and fuel is brought into the impact On the end face of part, wherein, a release projection is provided with, the release projection can be positioned as follows, i.e. in the operation thick stick When bar is collided with the release projection, the piston has not gone through the pump lever, so that being not proceed in combustion chamber Fuel injection.It is possible thereby to realize " soft " of stake, in check pre- piling, the stake thus is avoided in soft ground Undesirable drift open (Wegdriften).After stake stabilisation, the piston can be raised to for starting institute Need height and next unclamp, thus, the pump lever is manipulated by the piston and thus fuel is injected into In the combustion chamber.

In other designs of the present invention, the release projection can be movably arranged on the cylinder simultaneously in the axial direction And can determine that onto at least two positions, wherein, the determination for unclamping projection in first position causes the piston one Unclamped in position after the pump lever, the determination of the release projection in the second position causes the piston one By being unclamped in the position before the pump lever.It can be realized from there through unique mobile release projection " soft Pre- piling " and " startup " two released positions.

In the design of the replacement of the present invention, two are unclamped projections spaced arrangement of turning up the soil on axial direction on cylinder, Wherein, top, the first release projection is arranged in such a way, i.e. made when with the collision of the operating lever of the back-off assembly Unclamped into the piston in the position after a process pump lever, and bottom, the second release projection are with such as lower section Formula is arranged, i.e. the piston is caused when being collided with the operating lever of the back-off assembly before one passes through the pump lever Position in unclamp, wherein, the release projection of bottom is constructed as follows, i.e. the release projection of the bottom can be by institute The collision area for stating the operating lever of back-off assembly is moved out.Thus, can in the case where unclamping the movement of projection without one To realize " soft pre- piling " and " startup " two operation types.Can be only described in order to perform " startup " operation type The release projection of bottom is moved out by the collision area of the operating lever.Preferably, the second release projection is configured to Cylinder, it is preferably configured as hydraulic cylinder.

In other designs of the present invention, the cylinder and the back-off assembly can movably be arranged in a saddle On, wherein, at least one pawl that the swaying direction of the carrying piece is removed can be orthogonal to by being disposed with the back-off assembly (Klinke), at least one described pawl can be positioned and described under the carrying piece contact pin being externally arranged on the cylinder Cylinder can be moved by least one described pawl along the saddle.It is possible thereby to realize the cylinder along the saddle via described The movement of back-off assembly.

Two pawls are disposed with the improvement project of the present invention, described two pawls prejudicially connect with a disk as follows Connect, i.e. by the rotation of the disk can realize described two pawls in directions opposite each other into and out.Thus It can realize that described two pawls are simple while reliable positioning in the carrying piece of the cylinder.Described two pawls Opposite arrangement reacts on the cylinder tumbling in the case of being pulled along the saddle.

Brief description of the drawings

The alternatively improved scheme and design of the present invention is recited in mutually different dependent remaining.The reality of the present invention Example is applied to be shown in the drawings and detailed description below.Wherein：

Fig. 1 shows schematic diagram of the piling equipment in longitdinal cross-section diagram；

Fig. 2 is shown in side view and front view by the release of Fig. 1 piling equipment with the carrying piece moved into The schematic diagram of device；

Fig. 3 is shown by the view of Fig. 2 back-off assembly with the carrying piece removed and the pawl of removal；

Fig. 4 shows the detailed view of the blocked region by Fig. 1 diesel pile hammer；And

Fig. 5 shows the schematic diagram of the cylinder by Fig. 1 diesel pile hammer in side view, with order to rise operation and move The pawl gone out.

Embodiment

The diesel pile hammer for the cylinder 2 for including opening wide with a both sides as the selected piling equipment of embodiment, the cylinder Often can be with 5 to 10 meters of length and 0.2 to 1 meter of diameter.Piston 3 can be movably disposed with the cylinder 2.With this Coaxial impulse member 4 can movably be embedded into the unlimited bottom of the cylinder 2.It is fastened with the bottom of the cylinder 2 The bearing unit 9 of one annular, the bar section 41 placed in the middle of the impulse member 4 is hermetically and can be movably in the bearing unit It is oriented to, the bar section has the overall diameter that the interior diameter relative to the cylinder 2 reduces.

Be formed with the shock plate 42 being under the cylinder 2 on the bottom of the bar section 41, the shock plate to The upper end collective effect of the convex boundary 43 of the bottom of outer sensing in operation with piling thing to be squeezed into.

The upper end of the bar section 41 of the impulse member 4 be formed with it is multiple it is circular, be spaced apart in the axial direction Sealing ring 91 piston section 44, these sealing rings work on the inner peripheral surface 21 of the cylinder 2.Pass through the piston section 44 Upper side, one combustion chamber 22 of gauge together with the downside of piston 3 and the inner peripheral surface 21 of cylinder 2.Impulse member 4 faces institute Stating the plane earth of end face 45 grinding of the combustion chamber 22 of cylinder 2 has flat fuel bath (Brennstoffmulde) 46.

A damping ring 92 is disposed between the shock plate 42 of impulse member 4 and the bearing unit 9 of cylinder 2.Another damping ring 93 The downside of the upper side of the bearing unit 9 and the piston section 44 of the impulse member 4 is arranged in adjacent to the bearing unit 9 Between face.

On the impulse member 4, the internal work of cylinder 2 have piston 3 it is being provided around, be spaced in the axial direction The lower working tips 34 for the sealing ring 94 opened.The end face 31 of the free flat surface grinding of the bottom of the piston 3 is by one in footpath The circular step for being in outside upwards is interrupted.

A mass section 32 is formed with the lower working tips 34 of piston 3, the quality section extends to the upper curtate of cylinder 2 In.Jetting device 5 is disposed with the circumferential wall of cylinder 2, the jetting device include petrolift 51, the petrolift by pipeline 53 with Nozzle 52 is sprayed into connect.The entrance of petrolift 51 is fed by a fuel tank 54 with diesel oil.

Petrolift 51, which has, extend into pump lever 55 in the inside of cylinder 2, pre-tensioned, and the petrolift passes through the pump thick stick Bar is driven when the piston 3 of whereabouts passes through.The penetrating nozzle 52 is constructed and is orientated as follows, i.e. the fuel of discharge Substantially centrally it is directed onto on the end face 45 of the impulse member 4 in one substantially coherent beam.

Connect in addition, being arranged in lubriation material nozzle on cylinder 2, with being distributed on the circumferencial direction of cylinder 2 in addition by one The lubriation material pump 6 connect provides lubriation material between the inner peripheral surface 21 of piston 3 and cylinder 2.

Substantially in the height of the jetting device 5, the circumferential wall of the cylinder 2 is by tilting upward the work nipple of trend 23 run through, and combustion air is drawn through the work nipple or burning gases are discharged through the work nipple.In order to live Plug 3 is lifted for the first time in order to start the diesel pile hammer, and the quality section 32 of the piston 3, which has, to be used to be embedded in back-off assembly The side pocket 33 of shoulder is taken in 7 carrying piece 73, formation.In other places, it is disposed with two carrying pieces in addition on the cylinder 2 and connects Piece 28, the insertion for the pawl 76 of the back-off assembly 7.

The back-off assembly 7 includes housing 70, and the guiding of supporting can be moved on the housing on saddle 8 by being disposed with Device 72.A carrying piece 73 can be swingingly supported with the housing 70.The carrying piece 73 is connected with operating lever 74, warp The carrying piece can be swung by the operating lever.On the upper end opposite with the operating lever 74 of housing, in housing The rope roller 75 for receiving rope 81 is disposed with 70.Via the rope 81, the back-off assembly 7 can be led along described Frame 8 is moved.

The manipulation of the operating lever 74 is closed via two projections in the disposed outside of cylinder 2 on the cylinder 2, i.e., one Projection 24 is unclamped on lock projection 26 and one to carry out.The locking projection 26 is positioned on the cylinder 2 as follows, i.e. only When manipulating the operating lever 74 in the case of keeping off on the locking projection 26, the carrying piece 73 is in the side of the piston 3 It is swinging under recess 33 through the slit 27 being placed in the cylinder 2 in the interior room of the cylinder 2.The operating lever 74 is this Faced at it to end side and Radius is provided with side of locking projection 26, thus, the operating lever is preferably closed along described Projection 26 is locked along slip.In order to avoid the inordinate rotation of the operating lever 74In the back-off assembly A breach 71 is inserted in 7 housing 70, the backstop 711 for locking projection 26 is formed by the breach.The operating lever 74 Swing be thus feasible only up to backstop 711 is reached by the locking projection 26.After the carrying piece 73 removal, The back-off assembly 7 can be moved by the rope 81 along the saddle 8, thus, and the carrying piece 73 is embedded into the work Fill in 3 side pocket 33 and the piston 3 is moved up in the inside of cylinder 2.If the backstop of operating lever 74 exists On the upper release projection 24, then the carrying piece 73 is shown, thus, and the piston 3 is released and made by gravity Dropped into ground on the direction of the impulse member 4.Here, pump lever 55 of the piston 3 by the jetting device 5, thus, Fuel is directed onto on the fuel bath 46 of the impulse member 4 via the penetrating nozzle 52, and the fuel strikes in the piston 3 Exploded when on the impulse member 4, thus the piston 3 is launched upwards again.The locking projection 26 and it is described on unclamp convex Between block 24, release projection 25 is disposed with cylinder 2 in the described embodiment.

The lower release projection 25 is configured to hydraulic cylinder in this embodiment.The hydraulic cylinder is positioned at pine as follows Open between projection 24 and locking projection 26, i.e. in the piston 3 by the backstop of operating lever 74 of the back-off assembly 7 in institute State on lower release projection 25 and when unclamping, the pump lever 55 of the jetting device 5 will not be passed through completely, therefore, in piston 3 Without being conveyed by the fuel of jetting device 5 in subsequent whereabouts.Therefore piston 3 disposably impacts the impulse member 4 On, thus, one-shot is only undergone in stake to be squeezed into.It can realize the stake especially to a soft ground by the repetition of the way In " soft ", in check squeeze into.After the lower release projection 25 is moved into, the piston 3 can be then via institute State back-off assembly 7 to continue to move up, until the backstop of operating lever 74 is unclamped on projection 24 on described.Here, described Piston 3 passes fully through pump lever 55, therefore, and it is pre-tensioner and extend into the cylinder chamber 2 that the pump lever is based on its.In the work The pump lever 55 is manipulated in this wise in the subsequent whereabouts of plug：Thus the combustion proceeded on the fuel bath 46 of the impulse member 4 Material is sprayed into.Therefore the diesel pile hammer 1 is activated.

On the carrying piece 73, a revolvably supported disk is disposed with addition on the back-off assembly 7 77, the pawl 76 that the disk is disposed with two phase opposite senses is connected, as follows, i.e. made by the rotation of the disk 77 Into the removal or immigration of these pawls 76.The disk 77 that cylinder element can also be embodied as is connected with a regulation lever 78, described Disk can be rotated by the regulation lever.The regulation lever 78 can be operated by the tightrope being fastened on the regulation lever. The disk 77 is maintained in position as one with a unshowned spring element, and the pawl 76 is removed in the position.Institute The immigration for stating pawl 76 is carried out by the pulling on tightrope 79.If the tightrope 79 is released, then disk 77 passes through institute Spring element is stated to be returned in its home position moved to the pawl 76 of removal.The pawl 76 is in taking to the cylinder 2 The diesel pile hammer 1 lifting or positioning along the saddle 8 can be realized after insertion in part contact pin 28, the diesel oil is beaten Pile monkey is oriented on the saddle by being oriented to intermediate plate 29.

Previously described piling equipment 1 works as follows：In the initial state, the back-off assembly 7 is moved as follows It is dynamic, i.e. the back-off assembly 7 is clinged to its housing 70 on the locking projection 26 of the cylinder 2 of the diesel pile hammer 1, thus, institute The motion upwards of operating lever 74 is stated, thus the carrying piece 73 is swinging into the cylinder 2 through the slit 27.Then, it is described Back-off assembly 7 is moved up by the rope 81, thus, and the carrying piece 73 is embedded into the side pocket 33 of the piston In and the piston 3 be pulled upwardly.It is described to take in the backstop of operating lever 74 to when unclamping on projection 24 on described Part 73 is moved into, and thus carrys out release plunger 3.Under gravity, the piston 3 closes the work nipple to whereabouts 23 and the pump lever 55 of the jetting device 5 is manipulated with its end face 31, thus, fuel is directed onto by the penetrating nozzle 52 On the fuel bath 46 of the impulse member 4.Herein, being formed by impact atomization can be lighted a fire by what fuel droplets and air were constituted Mixture.

Using the impact on the piston 3 to the impulse member 4 and/or pass through the air cushion between piston 3 and impulse member 4 (Gaskissen) come apply a downwardly directed power to the impulse member and by the impulse member to it is described piling thing on, should Power makes the piling thing enter further into soil layer.Triggered in the explosion type burning followed by fuel of piston 3 Upwards in motion, piston release work nipple 23, thus, burning gases reduce pressure and pass through the work nipple 23 outflows.The piston 3 is thrown further up in the case of absorption of the fresh air by the work nipple 23 now, Until the piston reaches the working cycles that its upper terminal position and repetition have been described.

If the lower release projection is moved out of, then the conveying of fuel is prevented from, therefore has carried out piston 3 to the punching The disposable impact hit on part.Then, the piston 3 must be lifted by the back-off assembly 7 again.

The diesel hammer therefore can optionally it is " manual " for drive piles pre-determined bit of the thing in soft soil layer or with Carried out from " automatic " the operation type of the working cycles of display by spraying into the self-ignition of fuel.

Claims

1. piling equipment, including a diesel pile hammer and a back-off assembly, the diesel pile hammer is with a cylinder, one in the cylinder The middle piston that can be movably directed to and an impulse member that can be movably directed in the cylinder, the impulse member are beaten in diesel oil It is arranged in the running status of pile monkey under the piston, wherein, a combustion chamber is disposed with, the combustion chamber is in the axial direction by described The end face for being in the cylinder interior of impulse member and the end face gauge of the piston and a fuel delivery means are passed into institute State in combustion chamber, previously given fuel quantity institute can be brought into each working cycles by the fuel delivery means State in combustion chamber, the back-off assembly can in the axial direction be moved and cloth outside the cylinder on the cylinder along the cylinder The lifting in the cylinder interior for the piston is put, wherein, the back-off assembly has a carrying piece, and the carrying piece can It is brought into by a breach being embedded in the cylinder in the side pocket being arranged in the piston, wherein, in the cylinder On be disposed with a bottom locking projection and the back-off assembly have an operating lever, the carrying piece can be by described Operating lever is swinging into the interior room of the cylinder in the case of the operating lever and locking projection collision, also, The first release projection is disposed with the cylinder on the locking projection, the carrying piece can unclamp convex by described first Block shows the interior room of the cylinder when the operating lever is with the described first release projection collision, it is characterised in that the locking Projection (26) and/or the operating lever (74) are constructed as follows, i.e. the locking projection and/or the operating lever Can by the operating lever (74) of the back-off assembly (7) collision area or the collision area of the locking projection (26) It is middle to move away.

2. piling equipment according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the locking projection (26) and/or the operation thick stick Bar (74) is made up of cylinder.

3. piling equipment according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that the carrying piece (73) is in the back-off assembly (7) constructed as follows in, i.e. the carrying piece caused by the operating lever (74) after by swinging in and logical Cross and be locked in after being shown caused by the operating lever (74) in corresponding swing position.

4. piling equipment according to claim 1 or 2, it is characterised in that the fuel delivery means include a pump lever (55), the pump lever is extend into the cylinder (2) as follows, i.e. pump lever quilt when the piston (3) passes through Manipulate, thus, fuel is brought on the end face of the impulse member (4) (45), wherein, the second release projection is provided with, it is described Unclamping projection can position as follows, i.e. when the operating lever (74) is with the release projection collision, the piston (3) the pump lever (55) is had not gone through, so that the fuel injection being not proceed in the combustion chamber (22).

5. piling equipment according to claim 4, it is characterised in that described second unclamps projection in the axial direction can be movably It is arranged on the cylinder and can determine that onto at least two positions, wherein, described second unclamps projection in first position It is determined that causing the piston (3) to be unclamped in the position after a process pump lever (55), the second release projection exists Determination in the second place causes the piston (3) to be unclamped in the position before one passes through the pump lever (55).

6. piling equipment according to claim 4, it is characterised in that two release projections are mutual on axial direction on the cylinder Arrange at interval, wherein, first, the i.e. upper projection (24) that unclamps is arranged in such a way, i.e. with the back-off assembly (7) The operating lever (74) collision when cause the piston (3) one by the position after the pump lever (55) in pine Open, also, second, the i.e. lower projection (25) that unclamps is arranged in such a way, i.e. in the operation with the back-off assembly (7) Lever (74) causes the piston (3) to be unclamped in the position before one passes through the pump lever (55) when colliding, wherein, lower pine Projection (25) is opened to construct as follows, i.e. it is described it is lower unclamp projection can by the back-off assembly (7) the operating lever (74) collision area is moved out.

7. piling equipment according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the lower release projection (25) is made up of cylinder.

8. piling equipment according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the cylinder is hydraulic cylinder.

9. piling equipment according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the cylinder is hydraulic cylinder.