CN104934668B - A kind of high q-factor Terahertz open cavity and its modeling method with modeling effect - Google Patents
A kind of high q-factor Terahertz open cavity and its modeling method with modeling effect Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of high q-factor Terahertz open cavity with modeling effect and its modeling method.The present invention opens up radiating slot in cylindrical wave guide wall, and the relatively asymmetrical competitive mode of radiating slot is intense radiation, and the mode of operation of relative symmetry is weak radiation；Further rectangular raster is docked on each radiating slot, so that the frequency of symmetrical mode of operation falls in the forbidden band of rectangular raster, the Q values of mode of operation are improved, and the frequency of asymmetrical competitive mode falls in the passband of rectangular raster, the Q values of competitive mode are reduced, so as to realize that modeling is filtered；The present invention can targetedly cause scattering loss to competitive mode, improve the job stability and its operating efficiency of gyrotron, and this development to Terahertz electron cyclotron maser has important impetus.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to microwave device field, more particularly to a kind of high q-factor Terahertz open cavity with modeling effect and
Its modeling method.
Background technology
In the device family of vacuum microwave source, it is defeated that gyrotron is that one kind in millimeter wave and terahertz wave band can provide high power
The new electron tube for going out, has broad application prospects in following Terahertz Technology.But, in order to produce Terahertz
Ripple, if gyrotron is still operated under low order mode, cavity radius will necessarily very little, electron beam channel is too small to limit it
Power output level, loses high-power output advantage.Simultaneously too small size, processing and precision to device propose harshness
Requirement.So in order that gyrotron is operated in terahertz wave band, while can ensure that high-power output level, cavity radius is unlikely
In too small, gyrotron can be made to be operated under higher hamonic wave state.But, convolution is operated under higher modes, is brought therewith
Serious mode competition problem, makes it difficult to steady operation, and particularly when two-mode frequency phase-difference very little, situation is more severe.
So solving the problems, such as mode competition, there is great practical significance to high harmonic gyrotron.
Open cavity is one of gyrotron primary structure, is the main place of gyrotron Beam and wave interaction, its physical dimension
The working frequency and its possible mode of operation of gyrotron are determined, and Q values to the mode of operation of gyrotron also have a major impact.
The architectural characteristic of open cavity associates the performance quality of gyrotron in a word.But in high harmonic gyrotron, using traditional
, in addition to mode of operation, often there is unwanted competitive mode in open cavity body structure, have a strong impact on gyrotron working stability
Property.So a kind of open cavity body structure with modeling structure of design, can filter competitive mode, mode of operation Q values are improved, it is right
High harmonic gyrotron single mode operation is significant.
The content of the invention
For above problems of the prior art, the present invention proposes a kind of high q-factor terahertz with modeling effect
Hereby open cavity, in the structure design of gyrotron, solves the problems, such as mode competition in the open cavity of gyrotron.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a kind of high q-factor Terahertz open cavity with modeling effect.
High q-factor Terahertz open cavity with modeling effect of the invention includes：Cut-off waveguide, excessively cylindrical waveguide, mould ripple
Lead, radiating slot and rectangular raster；Wherein, cut-off waveguide, cylindrical waveguide and overmoded waveguide is sequentially connected and coaxial；Cylindrical waveguide
Radius determines the frequency that there is its internal pattern, and mode of operation is symmetric pattern, and competitive mode is asymmetric mode；In cylinder
Angle mutually opens up the radiating slot of one or more annular on wave guide wall；The relatively asymmetrical competitive mode of radiating slot is intense radiation,
The mode of operation of relative symmetry is weak radiation；Position with each radiating slot on the outer wall of cylindrical waveguide is corresponding, sets
Multiple parameters identical rectangular raster, the port of rectangular raster is docked with radiating slot, the port height and radiating slot of rectangular raster
Width it is identical, multiple rectangular rasters are closed radiating slot in one week around axle, in angular radial；By setting rectangular raster
Parameter so that the frequency of symmetrical mode of operation falls in the forbidden band of rectangular raster, and the frequency of asymmetrical competitive mode falls
In the passband of rectangular raster.
Traditional open cavity includes the cut-off waveguide, cylindrical waveguide and the overmoded waveguide that are sequentially connected；Cut-off cylindrical waveguide is prevented
The microwave energy for only being produced in radio frequency system is transmitted to electron gun, upsets electronics note movement locus；Overmoded waveguide can improve biography
Defeated power capacity；Cylindrical waveguide is the main place of Beam and wave interaction, and the radius of cylindrical waveguide determines operating frequency range, work
Operation mode is symmetric pattern, and competitive mode is asymmetric mode, and the distance that may further determine that work according to mode of operation is frequently
Rate.
The angular radiating slot for opening up annular in cylindrical waveguide of the invention, because for asymmetrical competitive mode, circle
There is axial current in post wave guide wall, radiating slot is intense radiation with respect to competitive mode, and symmetrical mode of operation does not have axial current,
It is weak radiation；In resonant process, because the energy of competitive mode easily radiate, Q value can drastically decline, should
Pattern will be suppressed, it is opposite, it is necessary to mode of operation it is weak due to radiating, Q value reduction very little.The width of radiating slot
Degree, the position in cylindrical wave guide wall, nip clearance and bar number determine Q values.The width radiation wider of radiating slot is stronger, but works as
Width it is big to a certain extent after, the Strength Changes of radiation are not obvious, and due to the increase of border discontinuity, can produce higher mode
Formula harmonic wave, so considering, determines that the width of radiating slot is unsuitable excessive；Meanwhile, the bar number of radiating slot and position decision are total
Radiation intensity, in order to the electromagnetic wave energy for further making asymmetric mode is radiated, axial current is big on cylindrical waveguide
Place opens up radiating slot, and opens up a plurality of seam, so that radiation intensity is bigger.The distance between adjacent radiating slot is equal,
A plurality of radiation is seamed into periodic arrangement.
Radiating slot can be all leaked the energy of competitive mode and mode of operation so that the Q values reduction of mode of operation, therefore
Position docking rectangular raster corresponding with radiating slot on the outer wall of cylindrical waveguide, by the parameter for designing rectangular raster so that
The frequency of symmetrical mode of operation falls in the forbidden band of rectangular raster, can reflect back, it is impossible to leaked out from open cavity, from
And Q values are improved；And the frequency of asymmetrical competitive mode falls in the passband of rectangular raster, energy can pass through rectangular light
Grid, outwards radiate, and make the reduction of Q values, so can just realize that modeling filters purpose.During the parameter of rectangular raster includes week
Gap width a, port height b, Cycle Length d, gap depth h and raster width w.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a kind of modeling side of the high q-factor Terahertz open cavity with modeling effect
Method.
The modeling method of the high q-factor Terahertz open cavity with modeling effect of the invention, comprises the following steps：
1) radius of cylindrical waveguide determines operating frequency range, selects symmetrical mode of operation, obtains the frequency of mode of operation
Rate；
2) competitive mode is determined, competitive mode is asymmetrical pattern, frequency and the mode of operation of main competitive mode
Frequency is close；
3) relation wide with the seam of radiating slot of the amount of radiation according to competitive mode, amount of radiation is drawn by parameter sweep analysis
The relation curve wide with seam, selects the point before curve is steady wide as seam；
4) according to competitive mode in cylindrical wave guide wall CURRENT DISTRIBUTION feature, determine position of the radiating slot in cylindrical wave guide wall
Put, nip clearance and bar number；
5) according to the relation between the eigen[value and parameter of rectangular raster, and joined with reference to numerical value simulation software
Number optimization, designs the parameter of rectangular raster so that the frequency of symmetrical mode of operation falls in the forbidden band of rectangular raster, it is impossible to from
Leaked out in open cavity, and the frequency of asymmetrical competitive mode falls in the passband of rectangular raster, energy can be passed through
Rectangular raster, the parameter of rectangular raster includes periodic intervals width a, port height b, Cycle Length d, gap depth h and grating
Width w, port height b is consistent with the width of radiating slot, the eigen[value of rectangular raster：
Wherein, τn 2+βn=k2, βnIt is n-th space wave axial direction wave number, τnIt is n-th horizontal cover plate of space wave to groove
The wave number in direction, k is revised space wave number, n=± 1, ± 2, ± 3 ..., f is working frequency, and c is vacuum light speed,β0It is space fundamental wave axial direction wave number, taboo can be calculated according to the relation between the equation, and its parameter
Band characteristic.
Advantages of the present invention：
The present invention opens up radiating slot in cylindrical wave guide wall, and the relatively asymmetrical competitive mode of radiating slot is intense radiation, phase
It is weak radiation to symmetrical mode of operation；Further rectangular raster is docked on each radiating slot so that symmetrical Working mould
The frequency of formula falls in the forbidden band of rectangular raster, improves the Q values of mode of operation, and the frequency of asymmetrical competitive mode falls in square
In the passband of shape grating, the Q values of competitive mode are reduced, so as to realize that modeling is filtered；The present invention can targetedly to competition
Pattern causes scattering loss, improves the job stability and its operating efficiency of gyrotron, this hair to Terahertz electron cyclotron maser
Exhibition has important impetus.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the profile of the open cavity that radiating slot is opened up in cylindrical wave guide wall of the invention；
Fig. 2 is TE24The transmission characteristic of the pattern graph of relation wide with the seam of radiating slot；
Fig. 3 is TE24The amount of radiation of the pattern graph of relation wide with the seam of radiating slot；
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of one embodiment of the high q-factor Terahertz open cavity with modeling effect of the invention, its
In, (a) is axial schematic diagram, and (b) is angular schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 is the dimensional structure diagram of one embodiment of rectangular raster of the invention；
Fig. 6 is the curve map of rectangular raster 100GHz~1150GHz transmission characteristics；
Fig. 7 is the curve map of rectangular raster 293GHz~301GHz transmission characteristics；
Fig. 8 is that the overall structure of one embodiment of the high q-factor Terahertz open cavity with modeling effect of the invention is shown
It is intended to.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, by embodiment, the present invention will be further described.
As shown in figure 1, traditional open cavity includes the cut-off waveguide 1, cylindrical waveguide 2 and the overmoded waveguide 3 that are sequentially connected；
In the present embodiment, the radius R of cut-off waveguidec=2mm, length Lc=3mm；The radius R of cylindrical waveguide0=2.12mm, length L=
10mm；The radius R=2.3mm of overmoded waveguide, length L0=3mm.The working frequency of circular waveguide is by formula：
Wherein R0It is the radius of cylindrical waveguide, c is the light velocity, p 'nmIt is m-th of first kind n rank Bessel function derivatives,
The frequency of cylindrical waveguide each pattern under TE patterns can be determined according to this expression formula.Selection mode of operation is symmetrical
TE04Pattern, competitive mode is TE24Pattern.Table of taking root according to Bessel function is apparent from, P`04=13.32369, and P`24=
13.17037。TE04The frequency of pattern is in f04=300GHz, then radius is R0The cylindrical type waveguide of=2.12mm, now TE24
The frequency of pattern is f24=296.35GHz, phase difference frequency is △ f=3.65GHz, is TE04The main competitive mode of pattern, sternly
Ghost image rings Beam and wave interaction efficiency, and making the mode of operation stability of gyrotron reduces.
According to TE04Pattern and TE24Pattern CURRENT DISTRIBUTION feature in cylindrical wave guide wall, proposition is angularly opened in cylindrical waveguide
If radiating slot, because for asymmetrical TE24There is axial current in pattern, cylindrical wave guide wall, angular seam pattern relatively is strong
Radiating slot, and symmetrical TE04Pattern does not have axial current, is weak radiating slot.If opening up radiating slot in cylindrical wave guide wall, such as
Shown in Fig. 1, then in resonant process, due to TE24The energy of pattern easily radiate, and Q values can drastically decline, and the pattern is just
Can be suppressed, it is opposite, it is necessary to TE04Pattern is weak due to radiating, Q values reduction very little.
In order to design radiating slot LgSeam it is wide, in same cylindrical waveguide, by parameter sweep analysis, in Freq=
During 296.35GHz, TE can be solved24The transmission characteristic value of the pattern relation wide with seam from radiating slot as shown in Fig. 2 radiate
Energy it is as shown in Figure 3 with the relation of the width of radiating slot.In figs. 2 and 3, S11Represent reflectance factor, S21Represent transmission system
Number.As can be seen from Figure 2 when the seam of radiating slot is wider than 0.1mm, S21Can greatly reduce with change wide is stitched.When seam is wide very
Hour, to know from Fig. 3, the energy for radiating is very weak, when seam is wide sufficiently small, just without emittance.In order to make TE as far as possible24
Mould energy leakage out, seam width is opened greatly, but when stitch it is roomy to a certain extent after, emittance value changes are not obvious, and
Due to the increase of border discontinuity, higher modes harmonic wave can be produced, so consider, it is determined that the width for cracking is unsuitable excessive.
In the present embodiment, three periodic radiating slots, seam width L are opened up in cylindrical wave guide wallg=0.1mm.
On the other hand, radiating slot can also make TE04The part energy leakage of pattern, Q values can also be reduced, if in gyrotron
In, its normal work will be influenceed.So in order to reduce TE24While the Q values of pattern, TE is not reduced04The Q values of pattern, can be with
Rectangular raster is docked outside radiating slot, the port of rectangular raster is docked with radiating slot, as shown in Figure 4.Because rectangular raster has choosing
Frequency characteristic, as long as the parameter designing of rectangular raster is good, makes TE04The corresponding frequency of pattern falls in forbidden band, and makes TE24Pattern it is right
The frequency answered falls in passband, then TE04The electromagnetic energy of pattern will be reflected back, it is impossible to be leaked out from cavity, so that Q
Value is improved；And TE24Just in passband, energy can pass through rectangular raster to the frequency of pattern, outwards radiate, and make Q values
Reduce, so can just realize that modeling filters purpose.
In order to realize above-mentioned selecting frequency characteristic, make TE24The frequency 296.35GHz of pattern is in passband, TE04The frequency of pattern
Forbidden band is in, it is necessary to design the physical dimension of rectangular raster.The dispersion curve of rectangular raster is studied first.Rectangular raster is one
Classical cyclic slow wave structure is planted, is widely used in the fields such as accelerator, travelling-wave tubes, wave filter.Before this, square
The dispersion characteristics of shape grating have been done a lot of work, the schematic diagram of basic structure as shown in figure 5, the port 51 of rectangular raster with
Radiation seam welding.The parameter of rectangular raster includes periodic intervals width a, port height b, Cycle Length d, gap depth h and light
Grid width w.By Design of Structural parameters, structural parameters are as shown in the table：
Rectangular raster uses 10 cycles, according to the parameter inside upper table, its transfer curve of simulation calculation such as Fig. 6
Shown, S11 represents reflectance factor in Fig. 6, and S21 represents transmission coefficient.Substantially it can be seen that rectangular raster is in 300GHz from Fig. 6
There is individual forbidden band between~400GHz, in order to further appreciate that the transmission characteristic in 290GHz~300GHz frequency ranges, can be further
Scanning analysis, as shown in fig. 7, S11 represents coefficient of emission in Fig. 7, S21 represents transmission coefficient.It can be seen that, it is necessary to TE04Mould
Formula is operated in 300GHz, and reflectance factor is close to 1, can hardly pass through from rectangular raster, if the square in cylindrical waveguide welding
Shape grating, TE04The electromagnetic energy of pattern can hardly leak away, then TE04Q values can be very big during the resonance of pattern.And need
The TE to be filtered out24Pattern is operated in 296.35GHz, just falls in passband, reflectance factor very little, then TE24Pattern can be very
Easily pass through from rectangular raster, energy is easy to be radiate from open cavity, so as to be filtered, realize modeling characteristic.
In order to obtain final effect, after rectangular raster is welded on radiating slot, opened with modeling high q-factor Terahertz
Cavity is as shown in Figure 8.In specific implementation, the bar number of radiating slot, the position in cylindrical wave guide wall, distance are required for according to tool
Body situation sets, and the position of radiating slot is typically opened in the big position of axial current.Structural cavity body has opened three seams in the embodiment,
Every width L of seamgPort height b with rectangular raster is equal, is 0.1mm, and such radiating slot can be carried out with rectangular raster
Weld together.Broader radiating slot is not selected, because when a width of 0.1mm is stitched, although competitive mode TE24Emittance is weak
A bit, but as b=0.1mm, rectangular raster has the forbidden band characteristic for needing frequency, it can be seen from Fig. 7, can be to TE04Pattern
Frequency 300GHz be almost totally reflected, and to TE24The 296.35GHz frequencies of pattern can pass through well, can more effectively carry
TE high04The Q values of pattern.Every external 8 rectangular raster of radiating slot, form a circle radial, has three circles.
By numerical analysis simulation, the corresponding TE of high-frequency structure04Q during the frequency Freq=300GHz of pattern04It is worth and is
23156, TE24Q during pattern respective frequencies Freq=296.35GHz24Value must be 6321 by numerical computations.It can be seen from result
Q04Value is Q24Almost 4 times, so choosing seam width Lg=0.1mm is worth, because Q04Raising degree is significantly larger than Q24It is increased
Degree, so the open cavity is easier to make TE04Pattern starting of oscillation, while TE24Pattern is easy to be suppressed down.According to result, this
The structure of sample can be very good to reduce its Q value to asymmetric mode, improve TE04The Q values of pattern；300GHz is operated in, in terahertz
Hereby wave band, to solving the problems, such as after in Terahertz high harmonic gyrotron mode competition propose a kind of scheme.
It is finally noted that, the purpose for publicizing and implementing mode is that help further understands the present invention, but ability
The technical staff in domain is appreciated that：Without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention and the appended claims, it is various replacement and
Modification is all possible.Therefore, the present invention should not be limited to embodiment disclosure of that, the scope of protection of present invention with
The scope that claims are defined is defined.
Claims (9)
1. it is a kind of with modeling effect high q-factor Terahertz open cavity, it is characterised in that the open cavity includes：Cut-off waveguide,
Cylindrical waveguide, overmoded waveguide, radiating slot and rectangular raster；Wherein, the cut-off waveguide, cylindrical waveguide and overmoded waveguide connects successively
Connect and coaxial；The radius of the cylindrical waveguide determines the frequency that there is its internal pattern, and mode of operation is symmetric pattern, competition
Pattern is asymmetric mode；Angle mutually opens up the radiating slot of one or more annular in cylindrical wave guide wall；The radiating slot phase
It is intense radiation to asymmetrical competitive mode, the mode of operation of relative symmetry is weak radiation；On the outer wall of cylindrical waveguide with it is every
The position of one radiating slot is corresponding, sets multiple parameters identical rectangular raster, the port of the rectangular raster and radiating slot
Docking, the port height of rectangular raster is identical with the width of radiating slot, and multiple rectangular rasters are closed radiating slot in one week around axle,
Angular radial；By the parameter for setting rectangular raster so that the frequency of symmetrical mode of operation falls in the taboo of rectangular raster
In band, and the frequency of asymmetrical competitive mode falls in the passband of rectangular raster；The parameter of the rectangular raster includes the cycle
Gap width a, port height b, Cycle Length d, gap depth h and raster width w.
2. open cavity as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the width of the radiating slot, the position in cylindrical wave guide wall
Put, nip clearance and bar number determine Q value.
3. open cavity as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that the width radiation wider of the radiating slot is stronger.
4. open cavity as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that the big place of axial current opens up on the cylindrical waveguide
Radiating slot, and open up a plurality of seam.
5. open cavity as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that the distance between adjacent radiating slot is equal, a plurality of radiation
It is seamed into periodic arrangement.
6. open cavity as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that by the parameter for designing rectangular raster so that symmetrical work
The frequency of operation mode falls in the forbidden band of rectangular raster, and Q values are improved；And the frequency of asymmetrical competitive mode falls in rectangular raster
Passband in, Q values reduction；The parameter of rectangular raster includes periodic intervals width a, port height b, Cycle Length d, gap depth
H and raster width w.
7. a kind of modeling method of the high q-factor Terahertz open cavity with modeling effect as claimed in claim 1, its feature exists
In the modeling method is comprised the following steps：
1) radius of cylindrical waveguide determines operating frequency range, selects symmetrical mode of operation, obtains the frequency of mode of operation；
2) competitive mode is determined, competitive mode is asymmetrical pattern；
3) relation wide with the seam of radiating slot of the amount of radiation according to competitive mode, amount of radiation is drawn with seam by parameter sweep analysis
Relation curve wide, selects the point before curve is steady wide as seam；
4) according to competitive mode in cylindrical wave guide wall CURRENT DISTRIBUTION feature, determine position of the radiating slot in cylindrical wave guide wall,
Nip clearance and bar number；
5) according to the relation between the eigen[value and parameter of rectangular raster, and it is excellent to enter line parameter with reference to numerical value simulation software
Change, design the parameter of rectangular raster so that the frequency of symmetrical mode of operation falls in the forbidden band of rectangular raster, it is impossible to from opening
Leaked out in chamber, and the frequency of asymmetrical competitive mode falls in the passband of rectangular raster, energy can pass through rectangle
Grating, the parameter of rectangular raster includes periodic intervals width a, port height b, Cycle Length d, gap depth h and raster width
w。
8. modeling method as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that in step 5) in, the parameter of the rectangular raster includes
The width of periodic intervals width a, port height b, Cycle Length d, gap depth h and raster width w, port height b and radiating slot
Degree is consistent.
9. modeling method as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that in step 5) in, the eigen[value of the rectangular raster：
Wherein, βnIt is n-th space wave axial direction wave number, τnIt is wave number of n-th horizontal cover plate of space wave to groove direction, k is
Revised space wave number, n=± 1, ± 2, ± 3 ..., f is working frequency, and c is vacuum light speed,β0It is
Space fundamental wave axial direction wave number.
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| CN107482292B (en) * | 2017-07-18 | 2019-06-07 | 北京大学 | A kind of the Terahertz narrow band filter and its method of narrowband frequency-selecting and frequency tuning |
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| CN102044398A (en) * | 2009-10-21 | 2011-05-04 | 中国科学院电子学研究所 | Distributed amplification gyro traveling wave tube amplifier |
| CN104134834A (en) * | 2014-07-31 | 2014-11-05 | 中国科学院电子学研究所 | Waveguide mode exciting device |
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| US20030095018A1 (en) * | 2001-11-16 | 2003-05-22 | Stephen Holme | Microwave filter with reduced penetration of tuning screws |
| CN104538271B (en) * | 2014-12-29 | 2017-02-22 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十二研究所 | Comb line slow wave structure working on high-order pass band |
| CN104576266B (en) * | 2014-12-29 | 2018-04-10 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十二研究所 | A kind of unilateral folded waveguide slow-wave structure for backward wave oscillator |
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| CN102044398A (en) * | 2009-10-21 | 2011-05-04 | 中国科学院电子学研究所 | Distributed amplification gyro traveling wave tube amplifier |
| CN104134834A (en) * | 2014-07-31 | 2014-11-05 | 中国科学院电子学研究所 | Waveguide mode exciting device |
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