CN104929747A - 用于内燃机的排气装置的排气弯管 - Google Patents

用于内燃机的排气装置的排气弯管 Download PDF

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CN104929747A
CN104929747A CN201510121008.8A CN201510121008A CN104929747A CN 104929747 A CN104929747 A CN 104929747A CN 201510121008 A CN201510121008 A CN 201510121008A CN 104929747 A CN104929747 A CN 104929747A
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flange
shell
discharge
outlet
exhaust
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CN104929747B (zh
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U·菲舍尔
T·戈克尔
A·A·哈瓦瓦拉
E·格鲁斯曼
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Benteler Automobiltechnik GmbH
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/08Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits
    • F01N13/10Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits of exhaust manifolds
    • F01N13/102Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits of exhaust manifolds having thermal insulation
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/08Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits
    • F01N13/10Other arrangements or adaptations of exhaust conduits of exhaust manifolds
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/14Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00 having thermal insulation
    • F01N13/141Double-walled exhaust pipes or housings
    • F01N13/143Double-walled exhaust pipes or housings with air filling the space between both walls
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/16Selection of particular materials
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/18Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly
    • F01N13/1805Fixing exhaust manifolds, exhaust pipes or pipe sections to each other, to engine or to vehicle body
    • F01N13/1811Fixing exhaust manifolds, exhaust pipes or pipe sections to each other, to engine or to vehicle body with means permitting relative movement, e.g. compensation of thermal expansion or vibration
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/18Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly
    • F01N13/1872Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly the assembly using stamp-formed parts or otherwise deformed sheet-metal
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16LPIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L21/00Joints with sleeve or socket
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16LPIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16L23/00Flanged joints
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/18Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly
    • F01N13/1805Fixing exhaust manifolds, exhaust pipes or pipe sections to each other, to engine or to vehicle body
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N13/00Exhaust or silencing apparatus characterised by constructional features ; Exhaust or silencing apparatus, or parts thereof, having pertinent characteristics not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01N1/00 - F01N5/00, F01N9/00, F01N11/00
    • F01N13/18Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly
    • F01N13/1888Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly the housing of the assembly consisting of two or more parts, e.g. two half-shells
    • F01N13/1894Construction facilitating manufacture, assembly, or disassembly the housing of the assembly consisting of two or more parts, e.g. two half-shells the parts being assembled in longitudinal direction
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2260/00Exhaust treating devices having provisions not otherwise provided for
    • F01N2260/10Exhaust treating devices having provisions not otherwise provided for for avoiding stress caused by expansions or contractions due to temperature variations
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2260/00Exhaust treating devices having provisions not otherwise provided for
    • F01N2260/20Exhaust treating devices having provisions not otherwise provided for for heat or sound protection, e.g. using a shield or specially shaped outer surface of exhaust device
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2340/00Dimensional characteristics of the exhaust system, e.g. length, diameter or volume of the apparatus; Spatial arrangements of exhaust apparatuses
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01NGAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; GAS-FLOW SILENCERS OR EXHAUST APPARATUS FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F01N2530/00Selection of materials for tubes, chambers or housings
    • F01N2530/02Corrosion resistive metals
    • F01N2530/04Steel alloys, e.g. stainless steel

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Exhaust Silencers (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种用于内燃机的排气装置的排气弯管。该排气弯管具有一个包括多个管件的内管系统。外壳(9)保有间距地将内管系统包围,该外壳由两个在其边缘上相连接的壳件组成。排气弯管通过入口法兰固定在内燃机的汽缸盖上并且内管系统与汽缸排气通道连接。通过出口法兰(3)将废气从排气弯管中导向排气装置的下游排气部件。出口法兰具有颈部段(15)以及与其连接的外部法兰段。为了减少在外壳与出口法兰之间的交接区处的热机械负荷,出口法兰一直延长到在热机械方面关键性的区域中。为此,出口法兰(3)具有一个在内部的、指向外壳(9)的肩部段(22),该肩部段从颈部段(15)向外延伸。外壳在肩部段上与出口法兰接合。

Description

用于内燃机的排气装置的排气弯管
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于内燃机的排气装置的排气弯管。
背景技术
排气弯管是内燃机的排气装置的构件。排气弯管直接用法兰连接在发动机或者发动机的汽缸盖上,用于使从各个汽缸排出的废气汇集或积聚在一起并将其引向废气排放口。就此而言,排气弯管(专业术语也称为排气歧管/排气总管)构成了排气装置的输入区域。
由DE 101 02 637 A1已知的一种将废气从具有三个以上单列设置的汽缸的内燃机中排出的排气弯管属于现有技术。该排气弯管具有一个内管系统,在那里构造成内壳,该内壳由一个外壳所包围,因而在内壳与外壳之间构成一个气隙。在废气入口侧上设置有具有进入开口的入口法兰。在排气弯管的中间部段上通过入口法兰引入的废气汇集在共同的出口法兰上。该出口法兰设置有一个圆形的排出开口。内壳的或者内管系统的两个成形为半圆弧段的端部在排放侧结束于该圆形排出开口中。不仅外壳的端部区域、而且内壳的端部区域都互相贴合地插入所述排出开口中。内壳和外壳通过在排出开口的内侧面上的焊缝与出口法兰连接。
由DE 10 2007 062 661 A1已知的一种用于内燃机的排气装置的排气弯管或者说排气歧管也属于现有技术。该排气弯管包括一个由两个内部半壳构成的内管系统,所述半壳分别将多个进入开口与一个排出开口流通地连接。内管系统设置在一个外壳内。排气弯管具有一个入口法兰,利用该入口法兰排气弯管可以装配在汽缸盖上。另外,排气弯管具有一个外部的壳体,该壳体优选由两个外部的壳组成。外壳具有一个排放区域,内管系统的排放段以它们的排出开口结束于该排放区域中。废气通过一个出口法兰被引向接于下游的排气装置部件,此处为涡轮增压器。
DE 44 44 760 C2公开了一种气隙绝缘的排气弯管,其具有一个由管件构成的内管系统和一个将该内管系统保有间距地包围的外壳以及一个入口法兰和一个带有中心排出开口的出口法兰。内管系统的端侧的管件与外壳在出口法兰上汇合在一起并且与出口法兰接合。
DE 102 20 986 B4也披露了一种排气弯管,其管端与至少一个法兰连接,其中,该法兰由一个具有用于将该法兰固定在一个邻接构件上的通孔的紧固件和至少一个绝热套组成,该绝热套装入紧固件的一个通孔内。绝热套在紧固件与管端之间在该管端的沉入长度上被包住并且构造为:从热废气中的温度条件出发使温度梯度这样地下降,即紧固件应该仅仅还遭受适度的温度作用。
薄壁式构造的排气弯管具有下述优点:能够改善冷起动后接于下游的催化净化器的热质量并因此改善动作响应参数特性。另外,气隙绝缘的排气弯管具有下述优点:通过气隙的绝缘作用,减少了废气在至催化净化器途中的热损失,由此导致在发动机冷起动后快速提升或者说达到催化净化器的运行温度。
在对内燃机以及排气装置和特别是排气弯管进行预热和冷却时,排气弯管内的温度局部不同地发生变化。因此,由于存在温差之故排气弯管的各构件区域遭受大小不同的膨胀作用以及拉力和/或压力。另外还可能发生剪切运动或者塑性变形。
直接与进入开口连接的区域所承受的热负荷并没有内管系统的排气道汇集于出口法兰中的区域那么强,在该区域内发生高的热废气质量流量以及废气转向。在此处存在着外部系统或者外壳到出口法兰的交接区的非常高的热机械负荷。根据排气弯管的结构和到出口法兰的连接情况,有必要使外部系统与热机械负荷相匹配。这一点可以通过增加壁厚或者使用价值更高的材料来实现。也可以通过附加的构件来提高关键性的交接区处的热机械稳健性(Robustheit)。然而这些措施造成排气弯管变得更重和更贵。
发明内容
从现有技术为出发,本发明的目的是:提供一种在功能上有所改善的排气弯管,使热机械负荷得以降低。
为此,本发明提供一种用于内燃机的排气装置的排气弯管,其具有:包括多个管件的内管系统和将该内管系统保有间距地包围的外壳以及入口法兰和出口法兰,其中,所述出口法兰具有颈部段和与其连接的外部法兰段,并且所述外壳与所述出口法兰接合,其特征在于:所述出口法兰具有内部的、指向所述外壳的肩部段,该肩部段从所述颈部段向外延伸并且所述外壳是在所述肩部段上与出口法兰接合的。
按照本发明,排气弯管具有一个包括多个管件的内管系统。各管件和内管系统也可以至少部分地由薄壳构件组成。一个外壳保有间距地将内管系统包围。另外,排气弯管具有一个入口法兰和一个出口法兰。出口法兰具有一个颈部段和一个与其连接的外部法兰段。外壳与出口法兰接合。根据本发明,出口法兰具有一个在内部的、指向外壳的肩部段,该肩部段从颈部段向外延伸。外壳在肩部段上与出口法兰接合。根据本发明将出口法兰延长到肩部段上的构造设计导致将热机械负荷重新分配到整个外部系统上或者移入那些在热机械方面稳健的区域。出口法兰一直延长到在热机械方面关键性的(临界的)区域之中。通过出口法兰的以及特别是其肩部段的不仅在壁厚、造型方面和在必要时还在材料选择方面的相应设计,而使热机械负荷移到承载的外部系统内的非关键性的(非临界的)区域上。因此可以提高排气弯管在热机械方面的稳健性,特别是降低了在热机械方面关键性的区域内的塑性膨胀延展,因此可以显著提高构件使用寿命。另外,还可以减小外壳的壁厚。由此,尽管出口法兰的较紧凑的和必要时较重的构造设计,依然可以在总体上实现排气弯管的减重。另外,还可以减少排气弯管的高材料品质量或者说原料品质的构件或者构件区域。通过根据本发明实现的对在热机械方面关键性区域的缓解,还可以放弃附加的构件诸如加强板等。
优选肩部段的平均壁厚大于外壳的壁厚,特别是大于或等于外壳的壁厚的两倍。
另外有益的是:肩部段朝其自由端部渐缩(变薄)。这一点不但在流体力学方面是有利的,而且在由于热膨胀而导致的力作用流方面也是有益的。
另外,一种在实践中有益的构造设计规定:外壳靠放在肩部段的外侧面上并且与出口法兰接合。这一点具有制造工艺上的优点。这种构造设计也有利于降低热机械应力。
本发明的另一方面规定:肩部段沿外壳纵向测量的长度大于其沿横向的长度。这样,肩部段的外周便具有一种接近椭圆形环绕的轮廓。沿着外壳纵向测量的肩部段长度也可以大于外部法兰段的长度或者说直径。出口法兰承担着与排气装置的下游排气部件诸如涡轮增压器的连接功能和密封功能。通过外部法兰段实现了联接。内部的环状地环绕颈部段的肩部段使过渡区得以稳定化。肩部段承担着在排气弯管的外部系统中的支承功能并且另外承受着热机械负荷。
原则上外壳可以设计为一件式的。在本发明的范围内,由壳件多件式地组成的外壳被认为是特别有益的。特别是,外壳由至少两个在其边缘上相连接的壳件组成。
根据本发明的排气弯管构造设计在外壳方面既允许减少壁厚也允许使用热机械强度特性较低的、更为经济的原材料。出口法兰以及入口法兰可以制造成铸件,特别是由耐高温的优质钢成型铸造制成。外壳或者说该外壳的各壳件可以由不锈钢、优选奥氏体不锈钢、特别是由铬镍钢或铬镍钛钢构成。
附图说明
下文将参照实施例进一步详细地阐述本发明。附图中:
图1为本发明的排气弯管的视图;
图2为排气弯管的局部,出口法兰被放大图示;
图3为排气弯管的各构件的分解图;
图4为排气弯管的纵剖视图;和
图5为图4的局部,环绕出口法兰的区域被放大图示。
具体实施方式
借助图1至5的图示对用于内燃机的排气装置的依据本发明的排气弯管1进行说明。
排气弯管1具有一个入口法兰2以及一个出口法兰3,一个包括多个管件4、5、6、7的内管系统8以及一个将该内管系统8保有间距地包围的外壳9。外壳9由两个壳件10、11即一个下壳和一个上壳组成。壳件10、11在其相互搭接的边缘12、13上相互连接,特别是相互焊接在一起。
来自内燃机各个汽缸的废气通过入口法兰2中的进入开口14到达管件4、5、6、7之中。废气由管件4至7积聚、改变方向并输送给出口法兰3。内管系统8设计为关于其竖直中轴线对称。管件4为两个弯形件。管件5为两个T形件。管件6为两个支撑件以及管件7为两个集流管件。
出口法兰3具有一个颈部段15和一个与其连接的外部法兰段16。排气弯管1通过外部法兰段16与接于下游的排气部件、特别是排气管道或者涡轮增压器联接。就此而论,法兰段16承担着连接功能和密封功能。在排放侧,在出口法兰3中设置有两个半圆形的接纳开口17,两接纳开口由一个中间隔片18分隔开。集流管件7的排放段19结束于接纳开口17中。在此,排放段19如此地成形,使它们形状锁合地嵌入接纳开口17内。排放开口17和中间隔片18构造在出口法兰的一个盘状的基体20中。在排放侧上,法兰段16从基体20径向向外延伸。颈部段15朝着外壳9和内管系统8的方向与基体20连接,该颈部段通过一个弯段21过渡到一个在内部的径向向外延伸的肩部段22中。
肩部段22为环绕的并且从颈部段15向外朝着外壳9的方向延伸。外壳9在肩部段22上与出口法兰3接合。在此,外壳9靠放在肩部段22的外侧面23上并且通过一个环绕的接合缝、特别是焊缝与肩部段22相接合。
可以看到,肩部段22略微倾斜地朝向外壳9的方向下降。外壳9以一种匹配的轮廓基本上无级过渡地碰合在肩部段22上。
肩部段22的尺寸这样确定,使它一直延伸到排气弯管1的外壳9的热机械关键性的区域B或者说区段之中。该区域B在图5中明示在外壳9的一侧上并且位于集流管件7的区域内,在此处,废气流汇集于一起并改变方向。不言而喻,区域B环绕出口法兰3或者说肩部段22延伸。肩部段22大致结束于从T形件5到集流管件7的过渡的高度中,在该过渡中,两管件5、7彼此插嵌在一起。
肩部段22设计得相当坚固(稳健)并且承受热关键性区域B内的热机械高负荷。肩部段22的平均壁厚s1大于外壳9的壁厚s2,特别是,肩部段22所具有的平均壁厚s1大于或等于外壳9的壁厚s2的两倍。该平均壁厚s1是在肩部段22的从颈部段15起径向直线地向外延伸的长度段中测得的,然后该肩部段朝自由端度24那边渐缩(变薄)。肩部段22的长度l1与吸收热机械负荷的赋值函数(即吸收热机械负荷的相应功能)匹配一致。据此,肩部段20的长度l1一直延伸到进入热关键性的区段之中。就此而论,肩部段22具有一个沿着外壳9的纵向测量的长度l1,该长度大于其沿横向或者说垂直方向的长度l2。相应于此,肩部段22具有沿着纵向延伸的翼形区域25。
为了降低在外壳9与出口法兰3之间的交接区处的热机械负荷,出口法兰3一直延长到热关键性的区域B之中。这一点通过内部的、指向外壳9的肩部段22得以实现,该肩部段从颈部段15向外延伸。
附图标记列表
1     排气弯管
2     入口法兰
3     出口法兰
4     管件
5     管件
6     管件
7     管件
8     内管系统
9     外壳
10    壳件
11    壳件
12    10的边缘
13    11的边缘
14    2中的进入开口
15    颈部段
16    法兰段
17    接纳开口
18    中间隔片
19    排放段
20    基体
21    弯段
22    肩部段
23    22的外侧面
24    22的端部
25    翼形区域
l1    22的长度
l2    22的长度
s1    22的壁厚
s2    9的壁厚
B     区域

Claims (6)

1.用于内燃机的排气装置的排气弯管(1),其具有:包括多个管件(4,5,6,7)的内管系统(8)和将该内管系统(8)保有间距地包围的外壳(9)以及入口法兰(2)和出口法兰(3),其中,所述出口法兰(3)具有颈部段(15)和与其连接的外部法兰段(16),并且所述外壳(9)与所述出口法兰(3)接合,其特征在于:所述出口法兰(3)具有内部的、指向所述外壳(9)的肩部段(22),该肩部段从所述颈部段(15)向外延伸并且所述外壳(9)是在所述肩部段(22)上与出口法兰(3)接合的。
2.如权利要求1所述的排气弯管,其特征在于:所述肩部段(22)的平均壁厚(s1)大于所述外壳(9)的壁厚(s2),特别是大于或等于所述外壳(9)的壁厚(s2)的两倍。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的排气弯管,其特征在于:所述肩部段(22)朝其自由端部渐缩。
4.如权利要求1至3之任一项所述的排气弯管,其特征在于:所述外壳(9)靠放在所述肩部段(22)的外侧面(23)上并与所述出口法兰(3)接合。
5.如权利要求1至4之任一项所述的排气弯管,其特征在于:所述肩部段(22)沿外壳(9)纵向测量的长度(l1)大于其沿横向的长度(l2)。
6.如权利要求1至5之任一项所述的排气弯管,其特征在于:所述外壳(9)由至少两个在其边缘(13,14)上相连接的壳件组成。
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