CN104920202A - Breeding method of three-line hybrid rice of aromatic purple rice - Google Patents
Breeding method of three-line hybrid rice of aromatic purple rice Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a breeding method of three-line hybrid rice of aromatic purple rice. The method comprises the following steps: (1) screening a maintaining line I and a restoring line VI of the aromatic purple rice, with homoallelic purple rice genes and aromatic genes, to be used as parental donor materials for breeding purple rice genes (P) and aromatic genes (a) of the maintaining line and the restoring line of the aromatic purple rice; (2) respectively hybridizing the maintaining line I and the restoring line VI with a maintaining line with high combining ability and a restoring line with high combining ability, and bringing in the purple rice genes (P) and the aromatic genes (a) so as to obtain a maintaining line III and a restoring line VIII of aromatic (aa) purple rice (PP); hybridizing and backcrossing the maintaining line III of aromatic (aa) purple rice (PP) with a three-line sterile line so as to obtain a three-line sterile line V of aromatic (aa) purple rice (PP); (3) mating the sterile line V with the restoring line VIII so as to obtain the hybrid rice IX of aromatic (aa) purple rice PP or Pp). The obtained hybrid rice of the aromatic purple rice is strong in aroma, has a purple seed coat, is high in yield, and is wide in application range.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the hybrid seeding field of paddy rice, relate to a kind of breeding method of odor type purple rice series of three-series hybrid rice.
Background technology
Purple rice, also claims black rice, is that anthocyanin or anthocyanidin are accumulated in a large number in rice seed coat, pericarp, makes brown rice present the colors such as purplish red, purple is black, pitch-black, the rice of gaining the name because of appearance raisin black.Purple rice dietotherapeutic, has many health-care efficacies, therefore also claim medicine rice, rice of enriching blood, the moon rice, long-lived rice, Gong meter and maize.Rice matter has glutinous type and two kinds, sticky type, but mostly is glutinous matter.
China's traditional medicine is thought, the kidney tonifying of purple glutinous rice energy, improve the function of the heart, liver, spleen, stomach, consolidate righting, strongly invigorating QI and blood negative and positive, the people weak to digestive system function is good nutritional supplement, meanwhile, also can nourish skin, prevent white hair early raw, there is the effect delayed senility, have certain curative effect to diseases such as dizziness, anaemia, eye illness, lassitude in loin and legs.Purple glutinous rice also can supplemental treatment fall beat, fracture, purple rice mashed external application or to wipe outward with purple rice wine is for oral administration, recovery from illness can be accelerated.Ancient agriculture medical book is recorded: purple rice " improving eyesight is invigorated blood circulation for enriching yin and nourishing kidney, body-building warming stomach ", " clearing liver ease constipation ", and " sliding wet benefit essence, tonifying lung delays muscle ", can be used as medicine into meals, especially good to Light-headedness, anaemia white hair, soreness and weakness of waist and knees, yctalopia tinnitus disease, curative effect.Long-term eating can be promoted longevity.These also confirm by modern medicine.Often edible purple rice, be conducive to that control is dizzy, dizzy, anaemia, white hair, eye illness, soreness and weakness of waist and knees, xeropulmonary cough, constipation, difficult urination, edema due to deficiency of the kidney, poor appetite, the disease such as weakness of the spleen and the stomach.Relevant paddy rice scholar analysis of experiments report, purple glutinous rice includes 18 seed amino acids, and each seed amino acid of needed by human body all has, and its content is higher than general rice by 25.4%.Also containing several mineral materials and trace elements such as selenium, iron, zinc, calcium, manganese, potassium, magnesium, phosphorus, magnesium, molybdenums, wherein potassium, magnesium, iron, zinc, manganese exceed 4.4 times, 6 times, 1.7 times, 3.8 times and 1.7 times than general rice respectively.Multiple B family vitamin such as B1, B2, B6, B12 etc. of including in addition, content is 4 times more than of general rice, and wherein, the content of vitamin B1, B2 is respectively 4.1mg/kg, and 2.7mg/kg, is 1.5 ~ 6.8 times of general rice.In addition, the flavonoids active substance contained, belongs to flavonoids anthocyanin compounds, and comprise Cyanidin-5-glucose formula, India-3-maltoside-5-glucose etc., its content is 5 times more than of general rice.Meanwhile, its lysine is 2-2.5 times of general rice, and protein content is 37% of general rice; Dietary fiber content is more, and starch digestion speed is slow, and glycemic index only has 55 (common rice is 87).Therefore think that the abundant useful gastro-intestinal digestion of amino acid, trace element and mineral matter strengthens hematopoiesis function, haemoglobin can be made to raise, have and keep fit to mend the effect such as brain, treatment puerpera giddy.Be rich in flavonoids active substance, have very large effect to prevention of arterial sclerosis.B1, B2, B6 and B12 in Cobastab group can both promote the metabolism of fat, protein, carbohydrate, the effect having burn fat, avoid fat to hoard.Abundant potassium element can be unnecessary in absorber salinity, and maintain the balance of moisture in body, and have extraordinary help to human body, eliminate oedema and float fat.Abundant dietary fiber can promote enteron aisle defaecation, increase satiety, appetite-suppressing, contributes to fat-reducing.Low-glycemic can not cause the big ups and downs of blood sugar, and the mineral matters such as abundant potassium, magnesium also help and control blood pressure, reduce and suffer from the risk of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, so, can be used as diabetes patient and food taken good care of by cardiovascular patient meals.
Fragrant rice contains a large amount of protein, each seed amino acid, alkaloid, vitamin, amylase, lipase, maltose and calcium, phosphorus, iron and abundant zinc, selenium and other trace elements, the resistance of human body can be strengthened, improve metabolism, it is the ancillary drug for the treatment of scurvy, anaphylactia, acute and chronic diseases, can also capillary be perfected, have certain curative effect to hypertension and cardiovascular patient.Li Shizhen (1518-1593 A.D.) is recorded in Compendium of Material Medica, " scented rice can moisten cardiopulmonary, and baiyao, clothes are made light of one's life by commiting suicide and are prolonged life for a long time ".Meanwhile, cooked rice thick flavor fragrance, the grain of rice is sparkling and crystal-clear, rice fragrance and firmly get the favor of consumer, and the scented rice wine led to scented rice, profusely, wine quality is also good for sweet-smelling.The dulcet rice of tool, not only quality better, also has abundant nutritional health function, and economic worth is very high.
Along with the raising of socio-economic development and living standards of the people, people's consumption will turn to diversified high quality food to improve diet structure from single grain, to both having nutrition, have again the food of medicinal health function more pay close attention to and like.Particularly along with China enters aging society, larger to anti-ageing food demand amount.Therefore people are in the tide of back to nature from now on, and as dietotherapeutic, the purple aromatic glutinous rice of special rice with health care has more wide development prospect.Therefore, fragrance has become one of rice important quality feature, also become a focus and the developing direction of current rice breeding containing dulcet rice breeding, the odor type purple rice research and development particularly with special food medicine health-care effect more enjoy showing great attention to of rice breeding science.
Yunnan is the maximum heredity of Chinese seed rice and the natural treasure-house of ecological diversity, is the enriched centres of Chinese seed rice excellent germplasm, has the rice pest insects such as abundant purple black rice and aromatic glutinous rice.But traditional local purple rice or purple glutinous rice old product plant tall and big, plant type is loose, and blade is long soft, very easily lodges, yields poorly, also do not have fragrance.Since the eighties in 20th century, China is based on the agri-scientific research institute of Yunnan rice breeding unit, the short bar of IR, plant and leaf shape, the local purple rice of the merit channel genes such as disease-resistant or the old kind of purple glutinous rice are improved, many purple rice conventional rice kinds with features such as short bar, plant type are compact, yielding ability is better are bred as, output improves greatly than landrace, has actively pushed forward the development of China's Special rice breeding.But these conventional Rices, owing to lacking the hereditary difference enriching hereditary basis and expansion of hybrid rice, output is lower than hybrid rice by more than 30% all the time, although cause odor type purple rice conventional rice quality special good, yields poorly, can not meet the need of market.Therefore, make full use of purple rice resource, to purple rice especially odor type purple rice heterosis utilization, select purple rice aromatic flavour, and output is high, the new hybrid rice varieties of wide adaptability, significant to the Special rice exploitation of propelling China.
Summary of the invention
Purple rice, also claims black rice, refers to that the kernel seed coat colour of rice grain is purple or black.
Described odor type, refers to the overground part of paddy rice, comprises each seed, blade, cane etc. all savory.
Described odor type purple rice varieties of resources refer to and are not limited only to Yunnan odor type purple rice varieties of resources, also comprise from domestic and international odor type purple rice resource conventional variety and derived varieties thereof.
Described output is high, wide adaptability refer to be bred as odor type purple rice hybrid rice output than general purple rice kind or its parent's output high by more than 30%, and than general purple rice kind Different Altitude preferably, latitude, different ecological weather is applied.
Hold facility refers to odor type purple rice variety source for after male parent and CMS line IV hybridization, hybrid F
1the ripening rate in generation is 0%.Described restoring force is with odor type purple rice variety source for after male parent and male sterile line IV hybridize, hybrid F
1the ripening rate in generation is greater than 75%.
High-combining ability refers to each inter breed crossing of arbitrary kind and another varietal population in varietal population, hybrid F
1output shows, and what output was high is high-combining ability, otherwise is exactly that coordinate force is low.
Described importing refers to by conventional cross-breeding and animal nutrition, target gene is shifted, recombinates, obtain new material or the strain with objective trait.
Described hybridization, be the paddy rice cross breeding of routine, main points have: one is according to male parent and maternal biological property, takes cultivation technique measure, Parent is bloomed at one time; Two is to be passed to by the pollen of male parent on maternal column cap by the external means such as artificial emasculation, artificial pollination to carry out hybridization pollination, obtains hybrid seed F
1.
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of breeding method of odor type purple rice series of three-series hybrid rice, described method is achieved through the following technical solutions:
(1) screening has maintainer I and the restorer VI of Gene for purple Pericarp of Rice (P) and scent gene (a): from odor type purple rice variety source, screening has hold facility and contains the maintainer I of Gene for purple Pericarp of Rice (P) and scent gene (a), as parent's donor material of seed selection odor type purple rice maintainer Gene for purple Pericarp of Rice (P) and scent gene (a); From odor type purple rice variety source, screening has recovery capability and restorer VI containing Gene for purple Pericarp of Rice (P) and scent gene (a), as parent's donor material of seed selection odor type purple rice restorer Gene for purple Pericarp of Rice (P) and scent gene (a);
(2) seed selection odor type purple rice maintainer III and CMS line V: maintainer I and the excellent maintainer II of high-combining ability are hybridized, Gene for purple Pericarp of Rice (P) and scent gene (a) are imported in maintainer II, good for main selection criteria with odor type, purple rice, high-combining ability, outcrossing habit, be bred as high-combining ability odor type (aa) purple rice (PP) maintainer III, maintainer III and CMS line IV are hybridized, through 6 generations, above roguing backcrosses, and selects odor type (aa) purple rice (PP) CMS line V;
(3) seed selection odor type purple rice restorer VIII: restorer VI and high-combining ability Elite restorer line VII are hybridized, Gene for purple Pericarp of Rice (P) and scent gene (a) are imported in restorer VII, with odor type, purple rice, high-combining ability, large fringe, pollen amount is large, the florescence is longer for main selection criteria, is bred as high-combining ability odor type (aa) purple rice (PP) restorer VIII;
(4) cultivate odor type purple rice series of three-series hybrid rice: be maternal with male sterile line V, with restorer VIII for male parent, preparing hybrid combines, incubation odor type (aa) purple rice (PP) hybrid rice Ⅸ; Or be maternal with male sterile line V, there is same equipotential scent gene (aa), there is no the non-purple rice rice restorer of the odor type of Gene for purple Pericarp of Rice (PP) for male parent, preparing hybrid combines, and is bred as odor type (aa) purple rice (Pp) hybrid rice Ⅸ; Or there is same equipotential scent gene (aa), there is no the non-purple rice rice sterile line of the odor type of Gene for purple Pericarp of Rice (PP) for maternal, with restorer VIII for male parent, preparing hybrid combines, and is bred as odor type (aa) purple rice (Pp) hybrid rice Ⅸ.
Wherein, described odor type purple rice maintainer I is literary composition purple 128 and has the purple rice paddy rice any one of same equipotential scent gene (aa) and hold facility with literary composition purple 128;
Described excellent maintainer II is the maintainer that civilian fragrant 28B or any one hold facility are strong;
Described male sterile line is selected from the one in wild abortion type sterile series Long Tepu A, the suitable fragrant 1A of type male sterile line hilllock, hilllock 46A, D type male sterile line and print water type male sterile line II-32A;
Described odor type purple rice restorer VI is literary composition purple 386 and has the purple rice rice varieties any one of same equipotential scent gene (aa) and recovery capability with literary composition purple 386;
Described Elite restorer line is selected from the one in literary composition extensive 206 and Restorer line Yihui1577, also can be that any one such as the existing literary composition promoted the use of extensive 247 have the strong restorer recovered.
For finally realizing odor type purple rice hybrid rice three series mating, successfully select the strong odor type purple rice maintainer III of coordinate force, odor type purple rice male sterile line V and odor type purple rice restorer VIII, and it is strong to realize odor type purple rice hybrid rice hybrid vigour, output is high, the cultivation target of wide adaptability, the key problem in technology of breeding method of the present invention is used to odor type purple rice male sterile line V and the odor type purple rice restorer VIII of group gas-mixing hybridization paddy rice, the necessary equipotential of gene aa of both control aroma characteristics, both are preferably containing the Gene for purple Pericarp of Rice PP isozygotied.So first the present invention needs to screen and scent gene a and Gene for purple Pericarp of Rice P can be imported the odor type purple rice donor material of corresponding maintainer and restorer, namely odor type purple rice maintainer be I and restorer be VI.In step (1), the Gene for purple Pericarp of Rice (PP) that the Gene for purple Pericarp of Rice (PP) that described maintainer I has and scent gene (aa) and described restorer VI have and scent gene (aa) equipotential.
Because of the impact by nucleo-cytoplasmic interaction and Rescued virus in series of three-series hybrid rice breeding, in order to screen, obtain can simultaneously as the donor material of scent gene and Gene for purple Pericarp of Rice, the parent material of maintenance or recovery capability can be had again to CMS line (CMS), first must carry out purple rice rice pest insects, especially odor type purple rice resource is tested the Fertility identification of cytoplasmic male sterilty.
The breeding method of odor type purple rice series of three-series hybrid rice of the present invention, wherein in step (1), the system of selection of described maintainer I literary composition purple 128 is: with the identical excellent cytoplasm male sterility line of Rescued virus for female parent, with literary composition purple 128 for paternal hybrid, obtain F
1generation, F
1ripening rate for hybrid combination is 0%;
The system of selection of described restorer VI literary composition purple 386 is: with the identical excellent cytoplasm male sterility line of Rescued virus for female parent, with restorer VI for paternal hybrid, obtain F '
1generation, F '
1for ripening rate all more than 75%.
The method that breeding method of the present invention measures scent gene (aa) that described maintainer I has and scent gene (aa) equipotential that described restorer VI has is: with tentatively selected maintainer donor material and restorer donor material Parent hybridization each other combo, plant F
1for plant and seed all savory, and the hybrid combination that purple rice purple degree is darker than parent, prove that the Parent of this combination has the scent gene of equipotential, Gene for purple Pericarp of Rice is controlled by multiple genes, there is dose effect, this combination Parent is used separately as odor type purple rice maintainer I of the present invention, i.e. the donor material of maintainer II, with odor type purple rice restorer VI, the i.e. donor material of restorer VII.
By literary composition purple 128 and purple 386 assembly of literary composition, detect crossbreed F
1for grain of rice fragrance and the grain of rice purple degree of depth of plant, its F
1for plant and seed all savory, grain of rice seed coat purple degree of staining is darker than parent, and the scent gene both proving is equipotential, and Gene for purple Pericarp of Rice is controlled by multiple genes, has dose effect.
The breeding method of odor type purple rice series of three-series hybrid rice of the present invention, wherein step (2) and step (3) parent's seed selection can synchronization implementations, also can carry out step by step.
The present invention is with flow chart seed selection odor type purple rice hybrid rice as shown in Figure 1.Carrying out odor type purple rice hybrid rice of the present invention seed selection in conjunction with biotechnology is then: utilize standard biologic technological means, in scent gene a and Gene for purple Pericarp of Rice P Introduced into Rice maintainer II, obtains odor type purple rice maintainer III by controlling in odor type purple rice I; The gene a and Gene for purple Pericarp of Rice P that control fragrance in odor type purple rice VI are imported in restorer VII, obtains odor type purple rice restorer VIII.
The present invention finally successfully realizes odor type purple rice hybrid rice three series mating, filter out the maintainer I and restorer VI with Gene for purple Pericarp of Rice (P) and scent gene (a), the odor type purple rice maintainer III selected, odor type purple rice male sterile line V and odor type purple rice restorer VIII parent, coordinate force is strong, the odor type purple rice hybrid rice hybrid vigour cultivated is strong, output is high, wide adaptability.
Concrete steps are:
(1) screening has maintainer I and the restorer VI of Gene for purple Pericarp of Rice (P) and scent gene (a): with the identical excellent cytoplasm male sterility line wild abortion type sterile series Long Tepu A of Rescued virus, type male sterile line hilllock, hilllock 46A, D type male sterile line should fragrant 1A or print water type male sterile line II-32A for female parent, receive purple rice, literary composition purple 386 for paternal hybrid with odor type purple rice resource literary composition purple 128, stone screen purple rice, version, obtain first-filial generation seed;
Long Tepu A, hilllock 46A, fragrant 1A and II-32A and literary composition purple 128, version should to receive the ripening rate of hybrid combination of purple rice and be 0%, and purple 128 aromatic flavours of literary composition, plant type is better, hybridize with excellent maintainer II, easily select that to have plant type good, thick flavor fragrance, outcrossing rate is high, the maintainer that coordinate force is strong, selects literary composition purple 128 as maintainer I;
Long Tepu A, hilllock 46A, should fragrant 1A and II-32A and stone screen purple rice, literary composition purple 386 the ripening rate of hybrid combination all more than 75%, stone screen purple rice British plain spirits simultaneously, purple 386 aromatic flavours of literary composition, plant type is good, and blast resisting is stronger, hybridize with Elite restorer line VII, easily select plant type good, thick flavor, pollen amount is large, the restorer that coordinate force is strong, selects literary composition purple 386 as restorer VI;
By literary composition purple 128 and purple 386 assembly of literary composition, its crossbreed F
1for plant and seed all savory, grain of rice seed coat purple degree of staining is darker than parent, and the scent gene both proving is equipotential, and Gene for purple Pericarp of Rice is controlled by multiple genes, has dose effect;
(2) seed selection odor type purple rice maintainer III and CMS line V: be female parent with literary composition purple 128, with the fragrant 28B of literary composition for paternal hybrid, continuously from accompanying each other for M generation, obtain the ripe phase compared with early, grain of rice seed coat purple degree is dark, thick flavor, Hua Shizao, column cap are large, plant and leaf shape good, the grain of rice is elongated Wen Zixiang 426B and other 5 totally 6 individual plants; By male sterile line II-32A and described 6 individual plant assembly, the ripening rate of II-32A and the purple fragrant 426B assembly of literary composition is 0%, selects Wen Zixiang 426B to be maintainer III;
Using Wen Zixiang 426B as male parent, by the filial generation continuous backcross P generation of purple to male sterile line II-32A and literary composition fragrant 426B, obtain Wen Zixiang 426-4A and other 5 totally 6 stable sterile individual plants of odor type purple rice; With described 6 stable sterile individual plants of odor type purple rice for female parent, be paternal hybrid assembly with bright extensive 63, literary composition extensive 206 and literary composition purple 386, carry out planting, observing, wherein, the purple 386 combination grain of rice seed coat purple degree of stainings of Wen Zixiang 426-4A/ literary composition obviously than its parent Wen Zixiang 426-4A and literary composition purple 386 dark, and Wen Zixiang 426-4A Male abortion thoroughly, stable, outcrossing habit and plant and leaf shape good, select Wen Zixiang 426-4A to be CMS line V, name as the purple 426A of literary composition;
(3) seed selection odor type purple rice restorer VIII: be female parent with literary composition purple 386, Elite restorer line Restorer line Yihui1577 is paternal hybrid, directive breeding, continuously from accompanying each other for N generation, obtain plant and leaf shape good, large fringe, pollen amount is large, grain of rice thick flavor, elongated, purple degree of staining is dark, restoring force, coordinate force are strong, and disease-resistant literary composition purple extensive 648 is restorer VIII;
(4) cultivate odor type purple rice series of three-series hybrid rice: with the purple 426A of literary composition for female parent, with literary composition purple extensive 648 for male parent, preparing hybrid combines, obtain outside Wen Zixiang 648, Wen Zixiang 648 digs up the roots, all savory, grain of rice seed coat purple degree of staining is dark, and output is high, strong adaptability.
Wherein: described M >=4, N >=6, P >=6.
The second object of the present invention is to provide the application of breeding method in rice breeding of described odor type purple rice series of three-series hybrid rice.
The breeding method of odor type purple rice series of three-series hybrid rice of the present invention, has following features:
1, rice heterosis utilization research is carried out to purple rice especially odor type purple rice paddy rice, be conducive to that control is had dietotherapeutic, there is the purple black rice character gene of preciousness of many health-care efficacies, control to have the aroma characteristics gene of nutritional health function and Cooking Quality and high-combining ability, wide adaptability gene pyramiding in one, the odor type purple rice hybrid rice selected.Its dietotherapeutic health-care efficacy is not only made to be worth better wider, and because of aromatic flavour, food flavor is better, simultaneously, because gathering favorable genes, hereditary basis is abundanter, and suitable promoted extension is wider, disease resistance more extensively, stronger, especially output obtains and increases substantially, reduce purple rice development cost, can meet the need of market to greatest extent, improve people's living standard.
2, the odor type purple rice hybrid rice variety of the inventive method incubation, not only output is high, wide adaptability, particularly except subterranean root, the acrial part comprising the whole plant such as seed, blade, cane is all savory, in digestion process, outwards give out pleasant fragrance, open boiling instrument, in rice, give out the strong fragrance that one assails the nostrils, particularly purple aromatic glutinous rice, medicine food health-care effect is better.
3, the gene overwhelming majority controlling rice aroma proterties is recessive gene, when the male sterile line V of assembly and the scent gene type of restorer VIII are the recessive homozygous genotype aa of equipotential, hybrid rice Ⅸ tie rice scent gene also one be decided to be recessive homozygous genotype aa, thus ensure that each rice of Hybrid Rice is savory, for full Quasi-aromatic Hybrid Rice, rice aroma is denseer, and health-care effect is better, more by consumers.
4, rice seed coat purple or black proterties are dominant controlled by multiple genes, therefore, when one of male sterile line V and restorer VIII are for the Gene for purple Pericarp of Rice that isozygotys (PP), hybrid rice Ⅸ tie rice Gene for purple Pericarp of Rice also one be decided to be dominant heterozygous genotypes Pp, Hybrid Rice phenotype is purple, ensures that each rice seed coat is purple.Purple rice heterosis utilization by the fragrant rice parents combo with same equipotential scent gene of an odor type purple rice parent and non-purple rice, can obtain odor type purple rice hybrid rice variety, reduce breeding difficulty.Purple rice proterties is dominant controlled by multiple genes, and there is dose effect, often increase a dominant gene, kernel seed coat colour is just dark, therefore, when male sterile line V and restorer VIII are the Gene for purple Pericarp of Rice that isozygotys (PP), hybrid rice Ⅸ tie rice Gene for purple Pericarp of Rice also one be decided to be dominant homogeneous genotype PP, due to dominant Gene for purple Pericarp of Rice dose effect, hybridization odor type purple rice colourity is darker, and various beneficiating ingredient content is higher.
Advantage of the present invention and good effect are:
The present invention screens the odor type purple rice maintainer with hold facility and the odor type purple rice restorer with recovery capability from odor type purple rice variety source, as parent's donor material of Gene for purple Pericarp of Rice (P) and scent gene (a), excellent maintainer and restorer hybridization with high-combining ability respectively, Gene for purple Pericarp of Rice (P) and scent gene (a) are imported in maintainer and restorer, utilization is hybridized, backcrosses, is separated selection, carry out genetic recombination, selected that output is high, the purple rice of wide adaptability, aromatic flavour.By hybridizing, backcrossing, be separated selection, carry out genetic recombination, the odor type purple rice hybrid rice not only purple rice aromatic flavour of incubation, and output is high, wide adaptability.The present invention conducts in-depth research utilizing parent's donor of Gene for purple Pericarp of Rice (P) and scent gene (a) to keep material and restorer to implement three-way crossbreeding, the present invention is a kind of technological invention and innovation, has very high theory value and using value.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the breeding line spectrogram of odor type purple rice series of three-series hybrid rice breeding method of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the purple breeding line spectrogram of fragrant 648 of embodiment 1 literary composition.
Fig. 3 is the manner of formulation family tree of parent Wen Zixiang 426A.
Fig. 4 is the purple breeding line spectrogram of fragrant 206 of embodiment 1 literary composition.
Fig. 5 is the breeding line spectrogram of embodiment 1 literary composition fragrant 648.
Embodiment
These embodiments are only exemplary below, are not construed as limiting scope of the present invention.Without departing from the spirit and substance of the case in the present invention, the amendment do the inventive method, step or condition or replacement, all belong to scope of the present invention.
If do not specialize, the standard hybridization techniques that hybridization technique used in embodiment is well known to those skilled in the art.
The series of products that involved purple rice kind literary composition purple 128, civilian fragrant 28B, civilian fragrant 28A in following examples, literary composition are purple 386, literary composition is extensive 206, Wen Zixiang 426B is present invention applicant's seed selection, II-32A, Restorer line Yihui1577 are public male sterile line and restorer, can draw the seed selection unit from seed bank or kind.
Embodiment 1
(1) screening has maintainer I and the restorer VI of Gene for purple Pericarp of Rice (P) and scent gene (a):
Excellent cytoplasm male sterility line wild abortion type sterile series Long Tepu A, hilllock type male sterile line hilllock 46A, D type male sterile line suitable fragrant 1A identical with Rescued virus or print water type male sterile line II-32A are for female parent, purple rice, literary composition purple 386 is received for male parent with odor type purple rice resource literary composition purple 128, stone screen purple rice, version, in July, 2004, in solarium of academy of agricultural sciences of Wenshan Prefecture hybridization combo, obtains first-filial generation seed;
In August, 2005 in proving ground, academy of agricultural sciences of Wenshan Prefecture, to plantation F
1ripening rate measures, and Long Tepu A, hilllock 46A, fragrant 1A and II-32A and literary composition purple 128, version should receive the crossbreed F of purple rice
1the ripening rate in generation is 0%, and purple 128 aromatic flavours of literary composition, plant type is better, hybridize with excellent maintainer II, easily select that to have plant type good, thick flavor fragrance, outcrossing rate is high, the maintainer that coordinate force is strong, initial option literary composition purple 128 is fragrance, the Gene for purple Pericarp of Rice donor kind of the seed selection of seed selection odor type purple rice maintainer.
Meanwhile, Long Tepu A, hilllock 46A, should fragrant 1A and II-32A and stone screen purple rice, literary composition purple 386 the ripening rate of hybrid combination all more than 75%, illustrate that restoring force is strong; Simultaneously, stone screen purple rice British plain spirits, purple 386 aromatic flavours of literary composition, plant type is good, and blast resisting is stronger, hybridize with Elite restorer line VII, easily select plant type good, thick flavor, pollen amount is large, the restorer that coordinate force is strong, so select literary composition purple 386 as fragrance, the Gene for purple Pericarp of Rice donor kind of seed selection odor type purple rice Breeding for restoration lines.
In December, 2005, in proving ground, Sanya, academy of agricultural sciences of Wenshan Prefecture, be maternal with literary composition purple 128, with literary composition purple 386 for paternal hybrid, obtain hybrid F
1; In September, 2006, to being planted in mountain of papers proving ground, academy of agricultural sciences of Wenshan Prefecture crossbreed F
1detect for the grain of rice fragrance of plant and the grain of rice purple degree of depth, result shows, the crossbreed F of literary composition purple 128 and purple 386 assembly of literary composition
1for plant and seed all savory, grain of rice seed coat purple degree of staining is darker than parent, and the scent gene both proving is equipotential, and Gene for purple Pericarp of Rice is controlled by multiple genes, has dose effect.
Therefore, selection literary composition purple 126 is the odor type purple rice maintainer I in breeding method of the present invention, and selection literary composition purple 386 is the odor type purple rice restorer VI in breeding method of the present invention.
(2) seed selection odor type purple rice maintainer III and CMS line V:
Using literary composition purple 128 as odor type purple rice maintainer I-fragrance of the present invention, Gene for purple Pericarp of Rice donor kind, using the fragrant 28B of literary composition as maintainer II-excellent maintainer gene donor kind, using male sterile line II-32A as male sterile line IV-Cytoplasmic male sterile genes donor material, according to the odor type of bred varieties seed selection shown in accompanying drawing 1 purple rice maintainer III, odor type purple rice cytoplasmic male sterile line V.Be specially:
In March, 2007, in base, Sanya, academy of agricultural sciences of Wenshan Prefecture, be female parent with literary composition purple 128, with the fragrant 28B of literary composition for paternal hybrid, there is according to the grain of rice breeding objectives such as fragrance, purple rice, long grain, adopt the method for pedigree method and increase Selective Pressure, the fragrance of chew-in technique qualification brown rice with or without, observe seed seed coat purple coloring degree, purifies and separates, additive selection, the excellent character gene of continuous purifying, screening fine individual plant.
Through 2 years mountains of papers, Sanyas, the four seasons added generation back and forth, in July, 2009, in solarium of academy of agricultural sciences of Wenshan Prefecture, with the F of male sterile line II-32A to selfed breeding after literary composition purple 128 and the fragrant 28B assembly of literary composition
4in generation, comprehensive agronomy proterties is good, the especially ripe phase compared with early, 6 individual plants hybridization such as grain of rice seed coat purple degree is dark, thick flavor, Hua Shizao, column cap are large, plant and leaf shape good, the grain of rice is elongated Wen Zixiang 426B are measured, and obtain test cross combination kind of a F
1generation; November in the same year plants in base, Sanya; Observe the abortion situation of test cross combination in March, 2010, result shows, and it is thorough that II-32A and the purple fragrant 426B of literary composition combines abortion, and ripening rate is 0%.
After in April, 2010, using the purple 426B of literary composition as the male parent that backcrosses, constantly through microscopy, select abortion thoroughly, elongated, the thick flavor of outcrossing habit, plant and leaf shape, the grain of rice and the dark sterile individual plant of grain of rice seed coat purple degree of staining backcross, and carries out nucleus substitution.Backcross BC
6dai Shi, obtains the sterile individual plant of odor type purple rice that Wen Zixiang 426-4A etc. 6 is stable.
In March, 2013, with the restorer of producing upper extensive use bright extensive 63, extra best best scent soft rice restorer Wenhui 206 and literary composition purple 386 etc., fertility restorer, coordinate force, scent gene and grain of rice seed coat purple gene dose effect etc. are carried out to 6 stable sterile individual plants of odor type purple rice and identify.Specific practice is: with the stable sterile individual plant of odor type purple rice of Wen Zixiang 426-4A etc. 6 for female parent, and with bright extensive 63, literary composition extensive 206 and literary composition purple 386 for male parent carries out hybridization combo, acquisition test cross combines F
1for seed.In April, 2013 is at mountain of papers proving ground, academy of agricultural sciences of Wenshan Prefecture plantation test cross combination F
1for seed, in September, 2013 is to F
1investigate for seed, result shows: the test cross combination F of bright extensive 63, civilian extensive 206/ civilian purple 386 hybridization of Wen Zixiang 426-4A/
1the highest for output, aromatic flavour, especially the grain of rice seed coat purple degree of stainings of purple 386 combinations of Wen Zixiang 426-4A/ literary composition obviously than its parent Wen Zixiang 426-4A and literary composition purple 386 dark, and Wen Zixiang 426-4A Male abortion is thorough, stable, outcrossing habit and plant and leaf shape good, illustrate that sterile individual plant Wen Zixiang 426-4A easily recovers, coordinate force is strong, and the scent gene equipotential of autonomous seed selection odor type purple rice kind literary composition purple 386.Therefore select Wen Zixiang 426-4A as male sterile line, and name as the purple 426A of literary composition.Then Observation of biological characteristics, resistance especially blast resistance identification and quality physico-chemical analysis is carried out to the elected purple 426A of sterile individual plant literary composition.
So far, the present embodiment has selected the purple 426B of maintainer literary composition, as the soft rice maintainer III of odor type; The purple 426A of male sterile line literary composition, as odor type soft rice male sterile line V.
(3) seed selection odor type purple rice restorer VIII:
Using literary composition purple 386 as restorer VI-fragrance, Gene for purple Pericarp of Rice donor kind, using Restorer line Yihui1577 as restorer VII-strong Restore gene donor material, according to the seed selection mode seed selection odor type purple rice restorer VIII shown in accompanying drawing 1.Be specially:
In July, 2007, in solarium of academy of agricultural sciences of Wenshan Prefecture, be maternal with odor type purple rice paddy rice literary composition purple 386, for paternal hybrid, there is the breeding objective of fragrance, purple rice, long grain with high-combining ability, by force restoring force, eurytopic Elite restorer line Restorer line Yihui1577 afterwards according to the grain of rice, adopt pedigree method from the method for accompany each other generation and increase Selective Pressure, the presence or absence of chew-in technique qualification brown rice fragrance, observes purple rice seed coat purple degree of staining, purifies and separates, additive selection, the excellent character gene of purifying, screens excellent recovery individual plant.Pedigree seed selection is to F
4dai Shi, selects F
4in generation, comprehensive agronomy proterties is better, the strain that brown rice is savory, purple degree is dark, elongated, with produce upper extensive use Long Tepu A, hilllock 46A, should fragrant 1A and II-32A and the purple fragrant 426A of literary composition (as male sterile line V and restorer VIII seed selection be synchronization implementation time, can with literary composition purple 128 as Testers) etc. different cytoplasm male sterility line hybridization combo, measure F
4for restoring force and the coordinate force of elite plant strain, and grain of rice purple coloring degree, implement the directive breeding of strain recovery capability.
While mensuration restoring force and coordinate force, continue to F in generation of accompanying each other
6, to F
6elected individual plant carries out Observation of biological characteristics and blast resistance identification.
According to restoring force, coordinate force, Disease Resistance Identification, Observation of biological characteristics and scent gene Allele-test result, from the purple 386/ Restorer line Yihui1577 filial generation F of literary composition
6select comprehensive agronomy proterties good in generation, tassel is large, and pollen amount is large, the grain of rice is elongated, and fragrance is strong fragrant, and grain of rice purple degree of staining is dark, the individual plant that restoring force is strong, coordinate force is high, disease-resistant carries out Quality Identification, it is good that final selection obtains plant and leaf shape, large fringe, and pollen amount is large, grain of rice thick flavor, elongated, purple degree of staining is dark, and restoring force, coordinate force are strong, disease-resistant odor type purple rice restorer literary composition purple extensive 648.
So far, selected restorer literary composition purple extensive 648, made odor type of the present invention soft rice high-quality restorer VIII.
(4) odor type purple rice series of three-series hybrid rice is cultivated:
Using Wen Zixiang 426A as odor type purple rice CMS line V, using literary composition purple extensive 648 as odor type purple rice restorer VIII, assembly seed selection odor type purple rice hybrid rice variety.Be specially:
In March, 2013, with odor type purple rice CMS line Wen Zixiang 426A for female parent, with odor type purple rice restorer literary composition purple extensive 648 for male parent, preparing hybrid combined, and obtains F in base, Sanya, academy of agricultural sciences of Wenshan Prefecture
1for seed.
In April, 2013, at ground plantation F such as Yunnan mountain of papers, Red River, Xishuangbanna and Sanya, Hainan, Kweiyang, Guizhou, Mianyang, Sichuans
1for seed, carry out multiple spot approval test, qualification F
1for the fragrance situation of plant, analyze seed physical and chemical quality, especially hybrid combination F simultaneously
1color depth for grain of rice seed coat purple.Meanwhile, by multipoint relaying hybrid combination F
1for seed, the elected coordinate force of individual plant of qualification and the adaptability of hybrid combination thereof.
Result shows, and purple extensive 648 hybrid combinations of Wen Zixiang 426A/ literary composition show very strong hybrid vigour, and output is high, strong adaptability, and outside hybrid combination plant digs up the roots, all savory, and grain of rice seed coat purple degree of staining is dark, obtain odor type purple rice new hybrid rice varieties Wen Zixiang 648.
The seed selection of embodiment 2 odor type purple rice hybrid rice Wen Zixiang 206
Using Wen Zixiang 426A as female parent, i.e. odor type purple rice CMS line V, using literary composition extensive 206 as male parent, namely has the non-purple rice rice restorer of odor type of same equipotential scent gene, assembly seed selection odor type purple rice hybrid rice variety IV with Wen Zixiang 426A.Be specially:
In March, 2013 in base, Sanya, academy of agricultural sciences of Wenshan Prefecture with odor type purple rice CMS line Wen Zixiang 426A for female parent, with odor type non-purple rice restorer literary composition extensive 206 for male parent, assembly hybrid combination, obtains F
1for seed.
In April, 2013, the ground plantation hybrid combination F such as in Yunnan mountain of papers, Red River, Xishuangbanna and Sanya, Kweiyang, Mianyang
1for seed, carry out multiple spot approval test, qualification F
1for the fragrance situation of plant, analyze seed physical and chemical quality, especially hybrid combination F simultaneously
1color depth for grain of rice seed coat purple.Meanwhile, by multipoint relaying hybrid combination F
1for seed, the elected coordinate force of individual plant of qualification and the adaptability of hybrid combination thereof.
Result shows, extensive 206 hybrid combinations of Wen Zixiang 426A/ literary composition show very strong hybrid vigour, output is high, strong adaptability, and outside hybrid combination plant digs up the roots, all savory, and grain of rice aromatic flavour, but grain of rice seed coat purple degree of staining is more shallow than maternal Wen Zixiang 426A, more shallow than the purple perfume 648 of example 1 Chinese, namely obtain odor type purple rice new hybrid rice varieties Wen Zixiang 206.
The seed selection of embodiment 3 odor type purple rice hybrid rice literary composition fragrant 648
Using literary composition purple extensive 648 as male parent, i.e. odor type purple rice restorer VIII, using the fragrant 28A of literary composition as female parent, namely has the non-purple rice rice sterile line of odor type of same equipotential scent gene, assembly seed selection odor type purple rice hybrid rice variety IV with literary composition purple extensive 648.Be specially:
In March, 2013 in base, Sanya, academy of agricultural sciences of Wenshan Prefecture with odor type purple rice restorer literary composition purple extensive 648 for male parent, with the fragrant 28A of odor type non-purple rice CMS line literary composition for female parent, assembly hybrid combination, obtains F
1for seed.
In April, 2013, at ground plantation hybrid combination F such as Yunnan mountain of papers, Red River, Deng Zhou city, Xishuangbanna and Sanya, Hainan, Kweiyang, Guizhou, Mianyang, Sichuans
1for seed, carry out multiple spot approval test, qualification F
1for the fragrance situation of plant, analyze seed physical and chemical quality, especially hybrid combination F simultaneously
1color depth for grain of rice seed coat purple.Meanwhile, by multipoint relaying hybrid combination F
1for seed, the elected coordinate force of individual plant of qualification and the adaptability of hybrid combination thereof.
Result shows, purple extensive 648 hybrid combinations of literary composition fragrant 28A/ literary composition show very strong hybrid vigour, output is high, strong adaptability, and outside hybrid combination plant digs up the roots, all savory, thick flavor, but grain of rice seed coat purple degree of staining is more extensive than the civilian purple of male parent 648 shallow, more shallow than Wen Zixiang 648, namely obtain odor type purple rice new hybrid rice varieties literary composition fragrant 648.
Although above the present invention is described in detail with a general description of the specific embodiments, on basis of the present invention, can make some modifications or improvements it, this will be apparent to those skilled in the art.Therefore, these modifications or improvements without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention, all belong to the scope of protection of present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a breeding method for odor type purple rice series of three-series hybrid rice, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
(1) screening has maintainer I and the restorer VI of Gene for purple Pericarp of Rice (P) and scent gene (a): from odor type purple rice variety source, screening has hold facility and contains the maintainer I of Gene for purple Pericarp of Rice (P) and scent gene (a), as parent's donor material of seed selection odor type purple rice maintainer Gene for purple Pericarp of Rice (P) and scent gene (a); From odor type purple rice variety source, screening has recovery capability and restorer VI containing Gene for purple Pericarp of Rice (P) and scent gene (a), as parent's donor material of seed selection odor type purple rice restorer Gene for purple Pericarp of Rice (P) and scent gene (a);
(2) seed selection odor type purple rice maintainer III and CMS line V: maintainer I and the excellent maintainer II of high-combining ability are hybridized, Gene for purple Pericarp of Rice (P) and scent gene (a) are imported in maintainer II, good for main selection criteria with odor type, purple rice, high-combining ability, outcrossing habit, be bred as high-combining ability odor type (aa) purple rice (PP) maintainer III, maintainer III and CMS line IV are hybridized, through 6 generations, above roguing backcrosses, and selects odor type (aa) purple rice (PP) CMS line V;
(3) seed selection odor type purple rice restorer VIII: restorer VI and high-combining ability Elite restorer line VII are hybridized, Gene for purple Pericarp of Rice (P) and scent gene (a) are imported in restorer VII, with odor type, purple rice, high-combining ability, large fringe, pollen amount is large, the florescence is longer for main selection criteria, is bred as high-combining ability odor type (aa) purple rice (PP) restorer VIII;
(4) cultivate odor type purple rice series of three-series hybrid rice: be maternal with male sterile line V, with restorer VIII for male parent, preparing hybrid combines, incubation odor type (aa) purple rice (PP) hybrid rice Ⅸ; Or be maternal with male sterile line V, there is same equipotential scent gene (aa), there is no the non-purple rice rice restorer of the odor type of Gene for purple Pericarp of Rice (PP) for male parent, preparing hybrid combines, and is bred as odor type (aa) purple rice (Pp) hybrid rice Ⅸ; Or there is same equipotential scent gene (aa), there is no the non-purple rice rice sterile line of the odor type of Gene for purple Pericarp of Rice (PP) for maternal, with restorer VIII for male parent, preparing hybrid combines, and is bred as odor type (aa) purple rice (Pp) hybrid rice Ⅸ.
2. breeding method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described odor type purple rice maintainer I is literary composition purple 128 and has the purple rice paddy rice any one of same equipotential scent gene (aa) and hold facility with literary composition purple 128;
Described excellent maintainer II is the maintainer that civilian fragrant 28B or any one hold facility are strong;
The maternal seed of described male sterile line is selected from the one in wild abortion type sterile series Long Tepu A, the suitable fragrant 1A of type male sterile line hilllock, hilllock 46A, D type male sterile line and print water type male sterile line II-32A;
Described odor type purple rice restorer VI is literary composition purple 386 and has the purple rice rice varieties any one of same equipotential scent gene (aa) and recovery capability with literary composition purple 386;
Described Elite restorer line is selected from a kind of or restorer that any one restoring force is strong in literary composition extensive 206 and Restorer line Yihui1577.
3. breeding method according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that: the system of selection of described maintainer I literary composition purple 128 is: with the identical excellent cytoplasm male sterility line of Rescued virus for female parent, with literary composition purple 128 for paternal hybrid, obtain F
1generation, F
1ripening rate for hybrid combination is 0%.
4. the breeding method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, is characterized in that: the system of selection of described restorer VI literary composition purple 386 is: with the identical excellent cytoplasm male sterility line of Rescued virus for female parent, with literary composition purple 386 for paternal hybrid, obtain F '
1generation, F '
1for ripening rate all more than 75%.
5. the breeding method according to any one of Claims 1 to 4, it is characterized in that: the method measuring scent gene (aa) that described maintainer I has and scent gene (aa) equipotential that described restorer VI has is: by literary composition purple 128 and purple 386 assembly of literary composition, detect crossbreed F
1for grain of rice fragrance and the grain of rice purple degree of depth of plant, its F
1for plant and seed all savory, grain of rice seed coat purple degree of staining is darker than parent, and the scent gene both proving is equipotential, and Gene for purple Pericarp of Rice is controlled by multiple genes, has dose effect.
6. the breeding method according to any one of Claims 1 to 5, is characterized in that: described step (2) and step (3) parent's seed selection can synchronization implementations, also can carry out step by step.
7. breeding method according to claim 1, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
(1) screening has maintainer I and the restorer VI of Gene for purple Pericarp of Rice (P) and scent gene (a): with the identical excellent cytoplasm male sterility line wild abortion type sterile series Long Tepu A of Rescued virus, type male sterile line hilllock, hilllock 46A, D type male sterile line should fragrant 1A or print water type male sterile line II-32A for female parent, receive purple rice, literary composition purple 386 for paternal hybrid with odor type purple rice resource literary composition purple 128, stone screen purple rice, version, obtain first-filial generation seed;
Long Tepu A, hilllock 46A, fragrant 1A and II-32A and literary composition purple 128, version should to receive the ripening rate of hybrid combination of purple rice and be 0%, and purple 128 aromatic flavours of literary composition, plant type is better, hybridize with excellent maintainer II, easily select that to have plant type good, thick flavor fragrance, outcrossing rate is high, the maintainer that coordinate force is strong, selects literary composition purple 128 as maintainer I;
Long Tepu A, hilllock 46A, should fragrant 1A and II-32A and stone screen purple rice, literary composition purple 386 the ripening rate of hybrid combination all more than 75%, stone screen purple rice British plain spirits simultaneously, purple 386 aromatic flavours of literary composition, plant type is good, and blast resisting is stronger, hybridize with Elite restorer line VII, easily select plant type good, thick flavor, pollen amount is large, the restorer that coordinate force is strong, selects literary composition purple 386 as restorer VI;
By literary composition purple 128 and purple 386 assembly of literary composition, its crossbreed F
1for plant and seed all savory, grain of rice seed coat purple degree of staining is darker than parent, and the scent gene both proving is equipotential, and Gene for purple Pericarp of Rice is controlled by multiple genes, has dose effect;
(2) seed selection odor type purple rice maintainer III and CMS line V: be female parent with literary composition purple 128, with the fragrant 28B of literary composition for paternal hybrid, continuously from accompanying each other for M generation, obtain the ripe phase compared with early, grain of rice seed coat purple degree is dark, thick flavor, Hua Shizao, column cap are large, plant and leaf shape good, the grain of rice is elongated Wen Zixiang 426B and other 5 totally 6 individual plants; By male sterile line II-32A and described 6 individual plant assembly, the ripening rate of II-32A and the purple fragrant 426B assembly of literary composition is 0%, selects Wen Zixiang 426B to be maintainer III;
Using Wen Zixiang 426B as male parent, by the filial generation continuous backcross P generation of purple to male sterile line II-32A and literary composition fragrant 426B, obtain Wen Zixiang 426-4A and other 5 totally 6 stable sterile individual plants of odor type purple rice; With described 6 stable sterile individual plants of odor type purple rice for female parent, be paternal hybrid assembly with bright extensive 63, literary composition extensive 206 and literary composition purple 386, carry out planting, observing, wherein, the purple 386 combination grain of rice seed coat purple degree of stainings of Wen Zixiang 426-4A/ literary composition obviously than its parent Wen Zixiang 426-4A and literary composition purple 386 dark, and Wen Zixiang 426-4A Male abortion thoroughly, stable, outcrossing habit and plant and leaf shape good, select Wen Zixiang 426-4A to be CMS line V, name as the purple 426A of literary composition;
(3) seed selection odor type purple rice restorer VIII: be female parent with literary composition purple 386, Elite restorer line Restorer line Yihui1577 is paternal hybrid, directive breeding, continuously from accompanying each other for N generation, obtain plant and leaf shape good, large fringe, pollen amount is large, grain of rice thick flavor, elongated, purple degree of staining is dark, restoring force, coordinate force are strong, and disease-resistant literary composition purple extensive 648 is restorer VIII;
(4) cultivate odor type purple rice series of three-series hybrid rice: with the purple 426A of literary composition for female parent, with literary composition purple extensive 648 for male parent, preparing hybrid combines, obtain outside Wen Zixiang 648, Wen Zixiang 648 digs up the roots, all savory, grain of rice seed coat purple degree of staining is dark, and output is high, strong adaptability.
8. breeding method according to claim 7, is characterized in that: described M >=4, N >=6, P >=6.
9. the application of breeding method in rice breeding of the odor type purple rice series of three-series hybrid rice according to any one of claim 1 ~ 8.
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