CN104920122A - Tobacco budworm ecological comprehensive controlling method - Google Patents
Tobacco budworm ecological comprehensive controlling method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104920122A CN104920122A CN201510119423.XA CN201510119423A CN104920122A CN 104920122 A CN104920122 A CN 104920122A CN 201510119423 A CN201510119423 A CN 201510119423A CN 104920122 A CN104920122 A CN 104920122A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a tobacco budworm ecological comprehensive controlling method. The method comprises the following steps: (1) at an prophase, before tobacco seedling transplanting, winter plowing, winter irrigation, field cleaning, deep tilling, and field drying are carried out, such that overwinter-generation tobacco budworm source cardinal number can be reduced with the agricultural controlling method; (2) at an early stage, after tobacco seedling transplanting, tobacco budworms are trapped and killed with physical controlling methods and sex attractants; field infestation identification is carried out, a tobacco budworm adult trapping situation, larvae number and infestation situation are recorded, and tobacco budworm adult dynamic occurrence is commanded; (3) at a middle stage, according to the dynamic occurrence obtained in the step (2), two batches of trichogramma are released in time for carrying out biological control; and (4) at a middle-late stage, before a pest occurrence peak period which is a 3-instar stage of first-generation tobacco budworm, auxiliary controlling is carried out 1-2 times with a biological pesticide, wherein the application time is appropriately adjusted according to monitoring situations. According to the method, comprehensive controlling is carried out with multiple methods, and a tobacco budworm controlling effect is good. The method is green and pollution-free. With the method, tobacco yield can be greatly improved, and tobacco quality and safety can be ensured.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to insect mixing prevention and control field, particularly a kind of oriental tobacco budworm Comprehensive ecological control method.
Background technology
Oriental tobacco budworm, another name tobacco budworm, insect.Larva moth is eaten flower bud, flower, really, is also eaten evil tender stem, leaf, bud.Oriental tobacco budworm is mainly caused harm the vegetables such as sweet, capsicum.Worm state has adult, ovum, larva, pupa.With larva moth food flower bud, flower, really, also eat evil tender stem, leaf, bud.Become long 15 ~ 18 millimeters of polypide, wing expanse 27 ~ 35 millimeters, body is yellowish-brown to taupe.The speckle of fore wing is clear, and interior, domestic and abroad horizontal line is wavy microgroove; Eye ring grain is arranged between horizontal line and horizontal line, pitchy; First bifurcated of middle horizontal line, namely the kidney shape line of brown is positioned between bifurcated; There is 1 brown broadband in outer horizontal line foreign side, has 1 row stain along outer rim, and echinid is yellow.Male moth fore wing yellow green, and female moth is yellowish-brown to taupe.The nearly outer rim of hind wing has 1 brown broadband.Ovum hemispherical, the vertical rib that surface has more than 20 length alternate.Milky during primiparity is lark afterwards, is puce during nearly hatching.Long 31 ~ 41 millimeters of mature larva body, head yellowish-brown.Body colour is changeable, has viridescent, reddish brown or crineous etc.The normal scattered adularescent point of the body back of the body, chest respectively saves all black workprint 12, and belly is except minor details, and often joint has black workprint 6.Obtected pupa spindle, kermesinus, tail end tool stern stings 2, and base portion is connected.Within 1 year, generation is different because of area, the Northeast 2 generation, in Huang-Huai Area 3 ~ 4 generation, southwest, south China 4 ~ 6 generation, in Guangdong 7 ~ 8 generation, all survives the winter in soil with pupa.Adult is hidden by day and come out at night, and has certain phototaxis, but is that the black light lamp of 333 nanometers is more responsive to wavelength, and the dual-color black light lamp coordinated with 405 nanometers, 436 nanophases wavelength 350 nanometer is the most responsive.Larva has habit that is seemingly-dead and tenesmus of weaving silk.
Preventing and treating Main Means to oriental tobacco budworm is at present chemical control, and chemical control not only kills and wounds pest natural enemy in a large number, strengthens pest resistance to insecticide, contaminated environment, and causes agricultural chemical residue in tobacco amount to increase, have a strong impact on quality and the safety of cigarette.Along with people are to the pay attention to day by day of environment and health; tobacco leaf safety is paid close attention to widely; therefore, to protect tobacco leaf, to reduce the use of chemical synthetic pesticide for target, the road exploring the oriental tobacco budworm control of pollution-free, ecological a, environmental protection has become the inevitable choice of agricultural sustainable development.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of oriental tobacco budworm control efficiency good, green non-pollution, greatly can improve tobacco production, ensure the tobacco oriental tobacco budworm method for integrated control of quality of tobacco safety.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of oriental tobacco budworm Comprehensive ecological control method, utilizes cultural control, oriental tobacco budworm gyplure, oophagous trichogrammae, biopesticide integrated control low age oriental tobacco budworm larva.
Above-mentioned tobacco oriental tobacco budworm method for integrated control, comprises the steps:
Step one, in earlier stage, before cigarette transplantation of seedlings, carry out winter ploughing winter irrigation, rural area is cleaned, plough deeply dry field, utilize cultural control method to reduce overwinter generation oriental tobacco budworm worm source radix;
Step 2, early stage, after cigarette transplantation of seedlings, lure collection to kill by physical control methods combining gyplure, field Damage pattern identification combines, record tobacco budworm lures collection situation, and larva quantity and situation of the harm, grasps tobacco budworm occurrence dynamics;
Step 3, mid-term, the tobacco budworm occurrence dynamics grasped by step 2, release two batches of oophagous trichogrammaes carry out biological control in good time;
Step 4, middle and later periods, at insect occurrence in peak period, namely before first generation oriental tobacco budworm 3 length of time, in good time according to monitoring situation, adopt the assisting in preventing and treating 1 ~ 2 time of biopesticide.
Further, in described step 2, after cigarette transplantation of seedlings, remove weeds in field in time; After transplanting, field is looked into seedling in time and is filled the gaps with seedlings, when find to have in new worm channel or axil on the tender leaf of cigarette strain top have fresh worm excrement time, manual removal insect.
Further, in described step 2, the concrete operations that gyplure lures collection to kill are: in deployment oriental tobacco budworm gyplure mid-April, 3-4/mu, replacing in every 20 days-30 days lures core 1 time, lures overwinter generation male imago, from moth phase beginning, continuous 7 days to every day the adult quantity of traping analyze, prediction overwinter generation female adult pest is when the approximate time producing first generation ovum per year, and at whole tobacco growing stage, gyplure all uses, and according to different insect pest time of origin section, change and different lure core.
Further, in described step 3, the concrete operations that oophagous trichogrammae carries out biological control are: lure moth peak period to be the egg hatching Sheng phase afterwards in 2-3 days, contain in first generation ovum and send out first 7 days an of phase, discharge first oophagous trichogrammae, release density is 6 ~ 10 cards/mu; In conjunction with field observation result, before second generation ovum peak period, release second batch oophagous trichogrammae, release density is lower slightly comparatively for the first time, is 4 ~ 6 cards/mu.
Further, in described step 4, any one or more mixing in 0.3% aqueous matrine solution, 750 times of liquid, 0.5% jervine, 500 times of liquid, bacillus thuringiensis 750 times of liquid, 5% natural pyrethrin cream, 1000 times of liquid, short steady bacillus 800 times of liquid, 5% emamectin benzoate missible oil, 5000 times of liquid selected by biopesticide.
Relative to prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention is: the present invention utilizes cultural control measure, oriental tobacco budworm gyplure, oophagous trichogrammae, biopesticide multiple method integrated control low age oriental tobacco budworm larva, oriental tobacco budworm control efficiency is good, green non-pollution, greatly can improve tobacco production, ensure quality of tobacco safety.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 oriental tobacco budworm triangle trapper field trap effect figure.
The field of Fig. 2 gyplure to tobacco budworm lures collection situation.
Fig. 3 is the position view that oophagous trichogrammae honeybee card is placed.
Embodiment
Be described in further detail technical solution of the present invention below in conjunction with the drawings and the specific embodiments, these describe only for explaining the present invention, are not intended to limit scope of the present invention.All any amendments done within the spirit and principles in the present invention, equivalent replacement and improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
A kind of oriental tobacco budworm Comprehensive ecological control method, utilizes cultural control, oriental tobacco budworm gyplure, oophagous trichogrammae, biopesticide integrated control low age oriental tobacco budworm larva.
1. transplant prophylactico-therapeutic measures in early stage
Carry out winter ploughing winter irrigation, rural area is cleaned, plough deeply dry field work, the method such as to be exposed to the sun by turning over is gone out pupa, to reduce overwinter generation oriental tobacco budworm worm source radix.
2. to going back seedling stage after transplanting: (1) removes weeds in field in time; (2) after transplanting, field is looked into seedling in time and is filled the gaps with seedlings, when find to have in new worm channel or axil on the tender leaf of cigarette strain top have fresh worm excrement time, manual removal insect.
3. tobacco stretch root phase-maturing stage prophylactico-therapeutic measures
(1) gyplure trapping adult.In deployment oriental tobacco budworm gyplure (3-4/mu mid-April, replacing in every 20 days-30 days lures core 1 time), lure overwinter generation male imago, from moth phase beginning, continuous 7 days to every day the adult quantity of traping analyze, prediction overwinter generation female adult pest is when the approximate time producing first generation ovum per year.At whole tobacco growing stage, gyplure all can use, and according to different insect pest time of origin section, changes different to lure core.
(2) Trichogramma ovum.
After generally luring moth peak period 2-3 days is the egg hatching Sheng phase afterwards.Contain in first generation ovum and send out first 7 days of phase, discharge first oophagous trichogrammae, release density is 6 ~ 10 cards/mu.
In conjunction with field observation result, before second generation ovum peak period, release second batch oophagous trichogrammae, release density is lower slightly comparatively for the first time, is 4 ~ 6 cards/mu.
(3) medicament assisting in preventing and treating low instar larvae.
For a long time prosperous when entering tobacco, find cigarette strain early blossoming, pinch in time.By field investigation, if field oriental tobacco budworm insect density > 10 larva/hundred strains, then need medicament assisting in preventing and treating.1 kind can be selected below to prevent and treat: 0.3% aqueous matrine solution 750 times liquid, 0.5% jervine, 500 times of liquid, bacillus thuringiensis 750 times of liquid, 5% natural pyrethrin cream, 1000 times of liquid, short steady bacillus (10,000,000,000 spores/milliliter) 800 times of liquid, 5% emamectin benzoate missible oil, 5000 times of liquid carry out complete stool spraying control 1 ~ 2 time, and blade back also needs to squirt spray thoroughly.Kill snout moth's larva stalk bacterium (every gram containing spore about 10,000,000,000 of living) or bacillus thruingensis (every gram containing spore more than 4,800,000,000) pulvis, add clear water dilution 300-500 times of liquid and spray.If Field Pests is caused harm heavier, when worm age is larger, suitable escalated dose.
In above-mentioned steps 3 (3), institute's with medicament has the low toxic and environment-friendly characteristic such as safely.
Embodiment 1
This enforcement is experimental field selected in kindheartedness and righteousness tobacco base, Yan Qu Guiyang, Chenzhou and carries out, and field management is strictly undertaken by local High Quality Tobacco cultivation technical specification.
Prevent and treat step to comprise:
(1), before transplanting: carry out winter ploughing winter irrigation, rural area is cleaned, plough deeply dry field work, the method such as to be exposed to the sun by turning over is gone out pupa, to reduce overwinter generation oriental tobacco budworm worm source radix.
(2) to going back seedling stage after transplanting: a removes weeds in field in time; After b transplants, field is looked into seedling in time and is filled the gaps with seedlings, when find to have in new worm channel or axil on the tender leaf of cigarette strain top have fresh worm excrement time, manual removal insect.
(3) stretch root phase-maturing stage:
The use of gyplure
A gyplure device: be separately fixed on bamboo pole after adopting that oriental tobacco budworm gyplure is special and luring core and the supporting assembling of triangle trapper, bamboo pole inserts about 30cm in soil, guarantees stablizing of whole device.
B gyplure is predicted: overlap/mu at deployment trapper 1, within every 3 days, checks a haftplatte, and record induced moth number, field trap effect is shown in Fig. 1.
C gyplure is trapped and killed: in deployment oriental tobacco budworm gyplure (3-4/mu mid-April, replacing in every 20 days-30 days lures core 1 time), lure overwinter generation male imago, from moth phase beginning, continuous 7 days to every day the adult quantity of traping analyze, prediction overwinter generation female adult pest is when the approximate time producing first generation ovum per year.At whole tobacco growing stage, gyplure all can use, and according to different insect pest time of origin section, changes different to lure core.The field of gyplure to tobacco budworm lures collection situation to see Fig. 2.
The use of oophagous trichogrammae honeybee card
Oophagous trichogrammae honeybee card often blocks 70-80 grain egg of oak silkworm, and every ovum can hatch 70-80 head, and namely often card bee yield, 4900-6400 head oophagous trichogrammae, is directly inserted between middle part cigarette strain and tobacco rod (Fig. 3).Release points for attention: a carries out the monitoring of oriental tobacco budworm population quantity, in good time trichogramma releases; Select to carry out before midday at fine day during b release; Avoid using of chemical pesticide before and after c trichogramma releases as far as possible.
Contain in first generation ovum and send out first 7 days of phase, discharge first oophagous trichogrammae, release density is 6 ~ 10 cards/mu.In conjunction with field observation result, before second generation ovum peak period, release second batch oophagous trichogrammae, release density is lower slightly comparatively for the first time, is 4 ~ 6 cards/mu.
Medicament assisting in preventing and treating low instar larvae
For a long time prosperous when entering tobacco, find cigarette strain early blossoming, pinch in time.By field investigation, if field oriental tobacco budworm insect density > 10 larva/hundred strains, then need medicament assisting in preventing and treating.1 kind can be selected below to prevent and treat, biopesticide can select 0.3% aqueous matrine solution, 750 times of liquid, 0.5% jervine, 500 times of liquid, bacillus thuringiensis 750 times of liquid, 5% natural pyrethrin cream, 1000 times of liquid, short steady bacillus (10,000,000,000 spores/milliliter) 800 times of liquid, 5% emamectin benzoate missible oil, 5000 times of liquid to carry out spraying control 1 ~ 2 time, and the indoor control effect of oriental tobacco budworm is in table 1.
Table 1 biopesticide is to the indoor control effect (%) of oriental tobacco budworm
Claims (6)
1. an oriental tobacco budworm Comprehensive ecological control method, is characterized in that, utilizes cultural control, oriental tobacco budworm gyplure, oophagous trichogrammae, biopesticide integrated control low age oriental tobacco budworm larva.
2. the tobacco oriental tobacco budworm method for integrated control belonging to claim 1, is characterized in that: comprise the steps:
Step one, in earlier stage, before cigarette transplantation of seedlings, carry out winter ploughing winter irrigation, rural area is cleaned, plough deeply dry field, utilize cultural control method to reduce overwinter generation oriental tobacco budworm worm source radix;
Step 2, early stage, after cigarette transplantation of seedlings, lure collection to kill by physical control methods combining gyplure, field Damage pattern identification combines, record tobacco budworm lures collection situation, and larva quantity and situation of the harm, grasps tobacco budworm occurrence dynamics;
Step 3, mid-term, the tobacco budworm occurrence dynamics grasped by step 2, release two batches of oophagous trichogrammaes carry out biological control in good time;
Step 4, middle and later periods, at insect occurrence in peak period, namely before first generation oriental tobacco budworm 3 length of time, in good time according to monitoring situation, adopt the assisting in preventing and treating 1 ~ 2 time of biopesticide.
3. method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, in described step 2, after cigarette transplantation of seedlings, removes weeds in field in time; After transplanting, field is looked into seedling in time and is filled the gaps with seedlings, when find to have in new worm channel or axil on the tender leaf of cigarette strain top have fresh worm excrement time, manual removal insect.
4. method according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, in described step 2, the concrete operations that gyplure lures collection to kill are: in deployment oriental tobacco budworm gyplure mid-April, 3-4/mu, replacing in every 20 days-30 days lures core 1 time, lure overwinter generation male imago, from moth phase beginning, continuous 7 days to every day the adult quantity of traping analyze, prediction overwinter generation female adult pest is when the approximate time producing first generation ovum per year, at whole tobacco growing stage, gyplure all uses, and according to different insect pest time of origin section, changes different to lure core.
5. method according to claim 2, is characterized in that, in described step 3, the concrete operations that oophagous trichogrammae carries out biological control are: lure moth peak period within 2-3 days, to be the egg hatching Sheng phase afterwards, contain in first generation ovum and send out first 7 days of phase, discharge first oophagous trichogrammae, release density is 6 ~ 10 cards/mu; In conjunction with field observation result, before second generation ovum peak period, release second batch oophagous trichogrammae, release density is lower slightly comparatively for the first time, is 4 ~ 6 cards/mu.
6. method according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, in described step 4, any one or more mixing in 0.3% aqueous matrine solution, 750 times of liquid, 0.5% jervine, 500 times of liquid, bacillus thuringiensis 750 times of liquid, 5% natural pyrethrin cream, 1000 times of liquid, short steady bacillus 800 times of liquid, 5% emamectin benzoate missible oil, 5000 times of liquid selected by biopesticide.
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| CN105993484A (en) * | 2016-05-25 | 2016-10-12 | 句容市天王镇戴庄有机农业专业合作社 | Organic eggplant breeding method |
| CN108157399A (en) * | 2017-12-11 | 2018-06-15 | 常州市协旺纺织品有限公司 | It is a kind of to be used to prevent preparation of oriental tobacco budworm and preparation method thereof |
| CN109168804A (en) * | 2018-08-31 | 2019-01-11 | 云南五佳生物科技有限公司 | A kind of comprehensive prevention method of flue-cured tobacco common disease and pest |
| CN114830959A (en) * | 2022-05-27 | 2022-08-02 | 新疆生产建设兵团第四师农业科学研究所 | Prevention and control method for melon fruit flies |
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Application publication date: 20150923 |