CN104905406B - 含黄酮类化合物香精的烟用嘴棒制备方法及应用 - Google Patents
含黄酮类化合物香精的烟用嘴棒制备方法及应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开一种含黄酮类化合物香精的烟用嘴棒制备方法及应用,1)按重量百分比称取黄芩苷20%~60%、芦丁10%~40%、儿茶酚10%~40%、槲皮素10%~40%,混合后乙醇溶液作为提取溶剂回流提取,过滤得到提取液;2)将提取液均匀喷洒在丝束中;3)然后将步骤2)中的丝束干燥;4)将干燥后的丝束依次用成型纸和嘴棒接装纸包裹,制得含黄酮类化合物香精的烟用嘴棒。本发明含黄酮类化合物香精的烟用嘴棒不参与卷烟燃烧,因而不会因裂解产生新的不良物质;本发明含黄酮类化合物香精的烟用嘴棒的活性成分在卷烟中随烟气进入人体口腔,可以直接作用于喉部,起到良好的提高喉部舒适性的作用。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于卷烟技术领域,具体涉及一种含黄酮类化合物香精的烟用嘴棒制备方法及应用。
背景技术
天然植物在烟用香料中应用广泛,其中很多是含有黄酮类物质。根据黄酮类物质的分子结构特征和电子间的作用力的强弱,初步研究发现该类物质在燃烧裂解以后会产生呋喃类物质及其衍生物,这些物质是烟气中的主要致香成分,会给烟气带来焦糖香、甜香、烤香,增加香气量和香气质。因此在烟用香精香料的调配中,有很多黄酮类香原料的使用。
许多研究也表明,黄酮类化合物具有多种生物活性,除利用其抗菌、消炎、抗突变、降压、清热解毒、镇静、利尿等作用外,在抗氧化、抗癌、防癌、抑制脂肪酶等方面也有显著效果。它是大多数氧自由基的清除剂,因而能升高SOD(过氧化物歧化酶)的活力,减少MDA(脂质过氧化物丙二醛)及OX-LDL(氧化低密度脂蛋白)的生成。它可以增加冠脉流量,对实验性心肌梗塞有对抗作用;对急性心肌缺血有保护作用;对治疗冠心病、心绞痛、高血压等有显著效果;对降低舒张压,防治心律失常、心血管病和活血化瘀也起重要作用。
大量的科学研究从不同的角度证明了烟草中的烟雾是慢性呼吸系统疾病、冠心病等多种疾病发生的重要危险因素。长期吸烟者一般会有咳嗽、痰多、咽喉痒痛的症状,严重影响人体健康和人类的生活质量。此外,被动吸烟对妇女的健康也造成危害。为了减轻烟草中烟雾对人体的危害,在积极宣传吸烟有害健康和劝导戒烟的同时,也应该积极开发具有舒喉等作用的减害香烟。
喉部是呼吸道的重要组成部分,位于气管和食道的交会处,也是人体发音的重要器官。当吸烟者在吸烟时,最易受到烟气中有害物质影响的就是喉部。烟气中焦油容易截留在吸烟人的体内,在肺中浓缩成一种黏性物质,附着于吸烟者的气管、支气管和肺泡表面,产生物理、化学刺激,影响人体的呼吸;长时间抽烟会降低咽喉部粘膜的防御功能,会出现干咳、喉部刺痛等感觉,或因抽烟导致肝火过旺而给喉部带来不适感;所以抽烟对于人体呼吸道,特别是喉部的危害较大,日久可能会造成喉部病变。
大量相关研究发现呼吸道作为人体直接接触外界气体刺激的器官,是烟草损害的主要承受者。而呼吸道上皮细胞作为呼吸道抵御外界刺激的第一道防线,所受危害尤为严重。既往研究显示香烟刺激可以调节肺泡上皮和支气管上皮尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活物(Urokinase type plasminogen activator,uPA)、尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活物受体(urokinase type plasminogen activator receptor,uPAR)系统表达变化,肺泡上皮细胞uPA和uPAR水平上调更为显著,呈现uPA优势状态,利于蛋白水解。支气管上皮细胞则呈现尿激酶型纤溶酶原激活物抑制剂-1(plasminogen activator inhibitor-1,PAI-1)优势状态,有利于纤维化形成。两种细胞对uPA系统表达状态不同可能可以部分解释COPD患者肺气肿和小气道纤维化这两种不同病理变化的原因。另有文献报道大鼠肺组织切片与香烟烟雾提取物共同孵育,可以增加大鼠肺组织乳酸脱氢酶(lactatec dehydrogenate,LDH)漏出和亚硝酸盐NO2-释放,刺激诱导型一氧化氮合酶(induced nitric oxide synthase,iNOS)活性增加,导致肺损伤。由此可见,长期烟气暴露可引发呼吸道上皮细胞形态及功能损伤,从而影响上下呼吸道的正常生理功能,使吸烟者产生不舒适的感觉,甚至严重影响生存质量(quality of life,QOF)和生命安全。从维护消费者利益出发,走降焦减害之路,是中式卷烟的发展方向。在满足消费者生理、心理需求的前提下,降低其对消费者喉部带来的不利影响,提升喉部舒适性,是烟草行业科研人员亟待解决的问题。
喉部舒适性良好是指消费者在品吸卷烟时体验到的烟气平滑细腻、口腔无残留、鼻喉无刺激、回味有甜感等感受。喉部反应在卷烟抽吸过程中主要集中在口腔和呼吸系统部位的感受,体现在降刺、化痰、生津等方面的改善,能够较好地体会到抽吸舒适性。
降刺:刺激性是指烟气对感官的冲击。在感受上分为口腔刺激、鼻腔刺激和喉部刺激三种。刺激性大的,在口腔似有“辣”味,在鼻腔会使人流泪或有流泪感,在喉部会使咽喉紧缩引起咳嗽。
烟气的刺激性主要是由卷烟中酸性过大和碱性过大而产生的,同时与烟支的水分、松紧程度等也有关。辣刺是由于碱性物质偏多;呛刺是由于小分子粒状物偏多;尖刺(毛刺)是由于酸性物质偏多。
黄酮类化合物具有舒张支气管平滑肌的作用,添加在卷烟中,可以减弱烟气的缩管作用,缓解烟气冲击对喉部造成的不适。
化痰:长期吸烟者的人一般会有一定程度的咽炎,其表现是痰多且频。烟气中的有害物质频繁聚集在呼吸道,加速了绒毛纤维的蠕动所致。
黄酮类化合物能够降低烟气生痰物质,势必能够减少该类成分在呼吸系统的堆积。另外,黄酮类化合物能够加速气管绒毛纤维蠕动,使有害物质快速随分泌液排除体外,这就从一定程度上起到了的化痰功效。
生津:津为唾液,生津就是使口腔中分泌出唾液。现代医学也认为,唾液中含有多种有助益身体成份,口中生津可以解渴舒顺。
多种黄酮类化合物具有养阴生津,润肺清火、内热消渴的功效。添加在卷烟中,可刺激口腔味蕾而具有生津效果,烟气更圆润,伴有回甜感,降低干枯感。
烟用香料中很多含有黄酮类物质,但是对于专门针对改善喉部舒适性、具有止咳、化痰、平喘功效的香精配方还未见报道,需要作进一步研究。
发明内容
针对现有技术的不足,本发明提供一种具有止咳、化痰、平喘功效的含黄酮类化合物香精的烟用嘴棒制备方法及应用,将黄酮类化合物香精添加到嘴棒的丝束中,在卷烟抽吸过程中,发挥其优异的抗炎、利喉作用,从而改善卷烟抽吸的喉部舒适性,提高卷烟抽吸品质。
本发明解决上述技术问题所采用的技术方案是:提供一种含黄酮类化合物香精的烟用嘴棒制备方法,所述制备方法包括如下步骤:
1)按重量百分比称取20%~60%的黄芩苷、10%~40%的芦丁、10%~40%的儿茶酚、10%~40%的槲皮素,混合后乙醇溶液作为提取溶剂回流提取,过滤得到提取液;
2)将提取液均匀喷洒在丝束中;
3)然后将步骤2)中的丝束干燥;
4)将干燥后的丝束依次用成型纸和嘴棒接装纸包裹,制得含黄酮类化合物香精的烟用嘴棒。
进一步地,所述乙醇溶液的质量百分浓度为70%~90%。
进一步地,所述步骤1)中回流提取2~4次,每次回流提取2~4小时。
进一步地,所述步骤3)中的干燥温度为25℃~40℃。
一种卷烟,包括烟用嘴棒和烟丝,所述烟用嘴棒为上述所述方法制备的含黄酮类化合物香精的烟用嘴棒。
本发明具有以下优点:
1、本发明含黄酮类化合物香精的烟用嘴棒不参与卷烟燃烧,因而不会因裂解产生新的不良物质,符合消费者对健康、低害的要求;
2、本发明含黄酮类化合物香精的烟用嘴棒具有优良的天然气息,可以给烟支带来独特、浓郁的外加香气;
3、本发明含黄酮类化合物香精的烟用嘴棒的活性成分在卷烟中随烟气进入人体口腔,可以直接作用于喉部,起到良好的提高喉部舒适性的作用;
4、本发明含黄酮类化合物香精原料来源广泛,成本低廉,便于推广应用。
具体实施方式
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白,以下结合实施例,对本发明进行进一步详细说明。此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明,并不用于限定本发明。
实施例1
1)将黄酮类化合物香精按照表1中比例混合,溶于质量百分浓度为70%的乙醇溶液中,回流提取2次,每次提取3小时,过滤、混合得到提取液;
2)将步骤1)中的提取液均匀喷洒在丝束中;
3)然后将步骤2)中的丝束在25℃下干燥;
4)将干燥后的丝束依次用成型纸和嘴棒接装纸包裹,制得含黄酮类化合物香精的烟用嘴棒。
表1
黄酮种类 | 黄芩苷 | 芦丁 | 儿茶酚 | 槲皮素 |
重量百分比 | 20% | 10% | 30% | 40% |
实施例2
1)将黄酮类化合物香精按照表1中比例混合,溶于质量百分浓度为70%的乙醇溶液中,回流提取2次,每次提取4小时,过滤、混合得到提取液;
2)将步骤1)中的提取液均匀喷洒在丝束中;
3)然后将步骤2)中的丝束在35℃下干燥;
4)将干燥后的丝束依次用成型纸和嘴棒接装纸包裹,制得含黄酮类化合物香精的烟用嘴棒。
表2
黄酮种类 | 黄芩苷 | 芦丁 | 儿茶酚 | 槲皮素 |
重量百分比 | 30% | 20% | 20% | 30% |
实施例3
1)将黄酮类化合物香精按照表1中比例混合,溶于质量百分浓度为80%的乙醇溶液中,回流提取4次,每次提取2小时,过滤、混合得到提取液;
2)将步骤1)中的提取液均匀喷洒在丝束中;
3)然后将步骤2)中的丝束在35℃下干燥;
4)将干燥后的丝束依次用成型纸和嘴棒接装纸包裹,制得含黄酮类化合物香精的烟用嘴棒。
表3
黄酮种类 | 黄芩苷 | 芦丁 | 儿茶酚 | 槲皮素 |
重量百分比 | 40% | 30% | 10% | 20% |
实施例4
1)将黄酮类化合物香精按照表1中比例混合,溶于质量百分浓度为80%的乙醇溶液中,回流提取2次,每次提取4小时,过滤、混合得到提取液;
2)将步骤1)中的提取液均匀喷洒在丝束中;
3)然后将步骤2)中的丝束在35℃下干燥;
4)将干燥后的丝束依次用成型纸和嘴棒接装纸包裹,制得含黄酮类化合物香精的烟用嘴棒。
表4
黄酮种类 | 黄芩苷 | 芦丁 | 儿茶酚 | 槲皮素 |
重量百分比 | 50% | 30% | 10% | 10% |
实施例5
1)将黄酮类化合物香精按照表1中比例混合,溶于质量百分浓度为90%的乙醇溶液中,回流提取2次,每次提取2小时,过滤、混合得到提取液;
2)将步骤1)中的提取液均匀喷洒在丝束中;
3)然后将步骤2)中的丝束在40℃下干燥;
4)将干燥后的丝束依次用成型纸和嘴棒接装纸包裹,制得含黄酮类化合物香精的烟用嘴棒。
表5
黄酮种类 | 黄芩苷 | 芦丁 | 儿茶酚 | 槲皮素 |
重量百分比 | 60% | 10% | 20% | 10% |
实施例6
1)将黄酮类化合物香精按照表1中比例混合,溶于质量百分浓度为90%的乙醇溶液中,回流提取4次,每次提取2小时,过滤、混合得到提取液;
2)将步骤1)中的提取液均匀喷洒在丝束中;
3)然后将步骤2)中的丝束在40℃下干燥;
4)将干燥后的丝束依次用成型纸和嘴棒接装纸包裹,制得含黄酮类化合物香精的烟用嘴棒。
表6
黄酮种类 | 甘草素 | 丁香酚 | 木犀草素 | 柚皮苷 |
重量百分比 | 25% | 25% | 40% | 10% |
针对吸烟所致“咳嗽、痰多、喘息”三大症状,在参照经典的呼吸道镇咳、祛痰、平喘的药效学评价方法的基础上,从多种不同的生物模型中筛选建立适用于天然植物提取物呼吸道保护效果评价的方法,利用小鼠氨水引咳法评价镇咳作用、小鼠酚红排泄法评价祛痰作用、豚鼠离体气管螺旋条法评价平喘作用。
将以上6个实施例中所制备含黄酮类化合物香精的烟用嘴棒与烟丝接合做成烟支,对烟支进行烟气成分检测,并进行苯酚降低率比较,具体见下表7
表7
*P<0.05,**P<0.01与同等支数空白卷烟组比较
对以上6个实施例中实施例中所制备含黄酮类化合物香精的烟用嘴棒与烟丝接合做成烟支,对烟支进行进行感官评价,结果如表8
表8
以上所述,仅为本发明的具体实施方式,但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此,任何属于本技术领域的技术人员在本发明揭露的技术范围内,可轻易想到的变化或替换,都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围之内。因此,本发明的保护范围应该以权利要求的保护范围为准。
Claims (3)
1.一种含黄酮类化合物香精的烟用嘴棒制备方法,其特征在于:所述制备方法包括如下步骤:
1)按重量百分比称取20%~60%的黄芩苷、10%~40%的芦丁、10%~40%的儿茶酚、10%~40%的槲皮素,混合后乙醇溶液作为提取溶剂回流提取,过滤得到提取液;回流提取2~4次,每次回流提取2~4小时;
2)将提取液均匀喷洒在丝束中;
3)然后将步骤2)中的丝束干燥,干燥温度为25℃~40℃;
4)将干燥后的丝束依次用成型纸和嘴棒接装纸包裹,制得含黄酮类化合物香精的烟用嘴棒。
2.根据权利要求1所述的含黄酮类化合物香精的烟用嘴棒制备方法,其特征在于:所述乙醇溶液的质量百分浓度为70%~90%。
3.一种卷烟,包括烟用嘴棒和烟丝,其特征在于:所述烟用嘴棒为权利要求1~2任一一项所述方法制备的含黄酮类化合物香精的烟用嘴棒。
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WO2013192413A1 (en) * | 2012-06-20 | 2013-12-27 | Mishra Munmaya K | Smokeless tobacco comprising lipid granules |
CN102994231A (zh) * | 2012-10-25 | 2013-03-27 | 罗瑞雪 | 一种黄芩苷烟用香料的制备方法 |
CN104068467A (zh) * | 2014-07-01 | 2014-10-01 | 安徽中烟工业有限责任公司 | 一种富含植物黄酮的电子烟烟液 |
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