CN104905278B - A kind of extracting method of sweet potato dregs diet fibre - Google Patents
A kind of extracting method of sweet potato dregs diet fibre Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of extracting method of sweet potato dregs diet fibre, belongs to dietary fiber manufacture field, the extracting method of sweet potato dregs diet fibre is comprised the following steps：Alkaline boiling, steam blasting, preparation inoculation starch, prepare leavening, stock substrate fermentation, extract insoluble diedairy fiber, extraction soluble dietary fiber.Sweet potato dregs are that raw material extracts dietary fiber by the present invention, turn waste into wealth, using alkaline boiling and steam blasting during pretreatment, using low-intensity batch (-type) ultrasonic assistant fermentable culture, the production cycle can be shortened, the dietary fiber extraction rate reached of acquisition to more than 95.6%, purity is up to 92%, the ratio of soluble dietary fiber in sweet potato dregs diet fibre is lifted to more than 19.8%, have higher retention ability and dilatancy, with higher physiologically active.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to dietary fiber manufacture field, is related to a kind of extracting method of sweet potato dregs diet fibre.
Background technology
Sweet potato is a kind of stable high yield, nutritious, broad-spectrum important crops, be mainly used for extract starch,
Bean vermicelli, vermicelli and exploitation sweet potato beverage etc. are made, sweet potato dregs are the accessory substances in sweet potato starch production process, account for raw material
10-14%, sweet potato dregs contain substantial amounts of nutriment, wherein content of starch 40-50%, dietary fiber content 20-30%.At present
Which is fallen with discharge of wastewater or for feed, according to statistics, there are about 50,000,000 tons of sweet potato dregs every year by as waste by many enterprises
And abandon.Fresh sweet potato slag water content is up to 80%, carries disease germs certainly up to more than 30 kinds, is difficult to store, transports, putrid and deteriorated rear generation evil
It is smelly, serious environmental pollution is caused, the high cost if drying increases business burden.The process problem of potato slag has become system
About the bottleneck of farina industrial development, its trans-utilization and problem of appreciating and enlarging, become Starch Production enterprise urgently to be resolved hurrily
One of significant problem.
Dietary fiber is that health diet is indispensable, and it plays important role in holding digestive system health,
Meanwhile, absorbing enough fibers can also prevention of cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes and Other diseases.Dietary fiber is by molten
Solution property is divided into two big class of soluble dietary fiber and insoluble diedairy fiber, and soluble dietary fiber is referred to can not be by human consumption
Road enzyme hydrolysis, but dissolve in warm water or hot water, and can be by certain density ethanol reprecipitation out part dietary fiber, it is main
If some glue classes, such as pectin, natural gum, Arabic gum etc.；Insoluble diedairy fiber referred to not by human body alimentary canal enzyme hydrolysis,
Part dietary fiber insoluble in hot water, such as cellulose, hemicellulose, shitosan, vegetable wax etc. again.Both institutes in the human body
With physiological function and different, soluble dietary fiber has anti-gall stone, excludes internal harmful metal ion, anti-glycosuria
The effect such as sick, reduction blood fat and cholesterol, anti-hypertension and heart disease；And insoluble diedairy fiber then has anti-obesity, controls just
The effects such as secret, anti-intestinal cancer.Therefore, physiological function of diet fiber conspicuousness is fine with soluble dietary with wherein insoluble diedairy fiber
The ratio of dimension is relevant, American scholar suggestion balanced diet fiber composition soluble dietary fiber should account for total dietary fiber 10% with
On, and soluble dietary fibre content only has 3-4% in general dietary fiber.
A large amount of dietary fibers to containing in sweet potato dregs are extracted, and the dietary fiber of high physiologically active has both been obtained, has carried
The added value of high sweet potato processing, increases farmers' income, while can also reduce environmental pollution.The exploitation of sweet potato waste residue, are sweet
The deep processing and comprehensive utilization of potato is there is provided a new way.But at present, the domestic and international dietary fiber that extracts is based on chemical method,
This process is simple, input cost are low, but in process the physicochemical property and physiological function of diet fiber product are had substantially
Affect, such as hot alkali dipping and rinsed with water repeatedly and both reduced the yield of dietary fiber, make the retention ability and expansive force of product again
It is decreased obviously；Potato slag utilization rate is low simultaneously, inevitably discharges large amount of sewage, serious pollution and handling are caused to environment
With height；The higher dietary fiber of purity can be obtained using enzymatic isolation method also, but the ratio of its soluble dietary fiber is not carried
Height, the physiologically active of the dietary fiber of extraction are poor, and membrane separation process but relatively costly and wayward in large-scale production.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is for the deficiencies in the prior art, there is provided a kind of extracting method of sweet potato dregs diet fibre, should
Extracting method is higher to the utilization rate of potato slag, and dietary fiber yield and purity are high, and in product, soluble dietary fiber ratio is obvious
Improve.
For achieving the above object, the present invention is employed the following technical solutions：
A kind of extracting method of sweet potato dregs diet fibre is comprised the following steps：
(1) alkaline boiling：Free from admixture, the fresh sweet potato dregs of sludge and carbonate are uniformly mixed, and add a small amount of water,
Carry out autoclaving 0.5-1h；
(2) steam blasting：Mixed material after step (1) autoclaving is added into organic acid soln, sealing stirring mixing
Uniformly, steam blasting, blasting condition are then carried out：Controlling reaction temperature is 120-130 DEG C, the pressurize 10- under 0.3-0.5MPa
Explosion after 20min；
(3) prepare inoculation slurry：Mixed material after step (2) steam blasting is added into appropriate amounts of sterilized water, other reagents, is stirred
Mix uniform, obtain sweet potato dregs inoculation slurry；
(4) prepare leavening：Various reagents necessary to weigh making fermentation medium, with pure water dissolving, packing, high pressure steaming
Sterilize at 120-130 DEG C of vapour, sterilization time 20-30min makes fermented bacterium culture medium, inoculate medicinal fungi, 28-30 DEG C
It is standby that constant-temperature shaking culture 4-5 days makes medicinal fungi seed liquor leavening；
(5) stock substrate fermentation：Medicinal fungi seed liquor leavening is inoculated with sweet potato dregs inoculation slurry, inoculum concentration is sweet potato
Then postvaccinal sweet potato dregs inoculation slurry is placed on 28-35 DEG C and carries out low-intensity batch (-type) and surpass by the 3-5% of slag inoculation slurry weight
Sound wave assisted fermentation culture 24-36h, obtains sweet potato dregs fermentation slurry；
(6) extract insoluble diedairy fiber：Filtering and washing two after sweet potato dregs fermentation slurry sterilizing after step (5) is fermented
Secondary, filtrate is standby, filter residue low-temperature vacuum drying, obtains final product sweet potato insoluble diedairy fiber；
(7) extract soluble dietary fiber：Filtrate obtained by step (6) is slowly added to into food grade quality under agitation
During fraction is the alcohol that 80%, volume is 2-4 times of filtrate volume, filtrate adds and finishes standing 0.5-1h, and then suction filtration, reclaims second
Alcohol, low-temperature vacuum drying filter residue, gained solid are soluble dietary fiber.
Further, a kind of extracting method of sweet potato dregs diet fibre, the carbonate described in step (1) be calcium bicarbonate,
One or more in sodium acid carbonate, saleratus, ammonium hydrogen carbonate, the addition of the carbonate are the 2- of fresh sweet potato dregs quality
4%.
Further, a kind of extracting method of sweet potato dregs diet fibre, the addition of the water described in step (1) is fresh sweet potato
0.1 times of slag amount, autoclaving pressure are 0.2-0.5MPa.
Further, the organic acid described in step (2) be citric acid, formic acid, one or more in acetic acid, it is described organic
The mass fraction of acid solution is 4-8%, and the addition of organic acid is the 4-6% of fresh sweet potato dregs quality.
Further, a kind of extracting method of sweet potato dregs diet fibre, the sterilized water addition described in step (3) are fresh sweet
The 10% of potato slag amount, other reagents are KH2PO4、MgSO4、(NH4)2SO4, NaCl, addition is respectively fresh sweet potato dregs quality
0.8-1.2%, 0.2-0.4%, 0.8-1.1%, 1.0-1.4%.
Further, a kind of extracting method of sweet potato dregs diet fibre, other reagents described in step (3) are KH2PO4、
MgSO4、(NH4)2SO4, NaCl, addition be respectively fresh sweet potato dregs quality 1.0%, 0.3%, 1.0%, 1.2%.
Further, a kind of extracting method of sweet potato dregs diet fibre, the formula of the fermentation medium described in step (4) and
Its quality proportioning is KH2PO40.2%th, FeSO40.02%th, NaSO40.2%th, (NH4)2SO40.07%th, KCl0.6%, glucose
5%, balance of sterilized water.
Further, a kind of extracting method of sweet potato dregs diet fibre, the medicinal fungi described in step (4) be Ganoderma Lucidum,
One or more in China fir bacterium, gill fungus bacterium, Pueraria lobota bacterium.
Further, a kind of extracting method of sweet potato dregs diet fibre, the fermented and cultured mode described in step (5) is：Rotation
After turning shaker fermentation 6-10h, every 20-40min addition low-intensity batch (-type) ultrasonic assistant fermentations, supersonic frequency is 20-
30KHz, ultrasonic power are 0-50w, each ultrasonic time 5-20s.
Further, a kind of extracting method of sweet potato dregs diet fibre, the sterilizing methods described in step (6) are sent out for sweet potato dregs
Ferment slurry keeps 10-20min in 100 DEG C of water-baths.
The extracting method of the present invention is when sweet potato dregs are pre-processed using alkaline boiling and steam blasting, boiling seasonings sweet potato dregs
Process need not be pre-dried, direct boiling can not only be killed more than 30 kinds and be carried disease germs certainly, and carbonate used heating can divide
Solution produces hydroxide, can remove the protein and fat in sweet potato dregs, and in the basic conditions, hydroxide is anti-with lignin
Should, content of lignin can be effectively reduced, and removes the connection of the ester bond between lignin and carbohydrate, effectively be broken
Lignin contributes to subsequently mistake to cellulose, the package action of hemicellulose while the free starch in part can occur gelatinization
The decomposition and removal of starch in journey；Add appropriate organic acid generate CO with carbonate reaction during steam blasting2, high steam
With CO2Material more preferably, sufficiently can be decomposed on macromolecular level by collective effect, demolition effect, destroy fibrous inner structure,
Separate the tissues such as lignin, cellulose, hemicellulose and sugar chain segmentation, degraded occurs, soluble dietary fiber, quilt is converted into
Which is wrapped in interior starch occurs to dissociate, and is more beneficial for decomposition of the fermentation step to starch below and removes, while organic acid is used,
The common fusing point boiling point of organic acid is relatively low, is heated to easily decompose when high temperature, and the retention ability to dietary fiber and expansion
Power affects less.
The fermented and cultured mode adopted by the extracting method of the present invention is sent out for low-intensity batch (-type) ultrasonic assistant microorganism
Ferment culture, microorganism during the fermentation can be by starch remaining in sweet potato dregs, albumen and fibres by the enzyme for itself producing
Dimension element, hemicellulose are converted into the more activated dietary fiber based on microbial polysaccharide, thalline cellulose；Ultrasonic wave can
Microtrauma is caused in cell surface moment, make cell membrane partial fracture, so as to change membrane passage, release intracellular organic matter
Put or extracellular material enters intracellular, during low-power, wound very little is easily repaired by itself, will not organism be caused to damage
Or dead, low-intensity batch (-type) ultrasonic assistant fermentable, not only accelerate the growth of cell, while can also promote beneficial
The yield of secondary metabolite, is greatly shortened fermentation time.
Filtrate is added in alcohol under agitation by the extracting method of the present invention when soluble dietary fiber is extracted, and
It is not alcohol to be added in filtrate using traditional method, do so can make soluble dietary fiber slowly flocculate in alcohol,
Filtrate can preferably be spread and preferably be dissolved in alcohol so as to impurity, prevent alcohol from causing sweet potato solvable in being directly added into filtrate
Property dietary fiber in a large number flocculation so that impurity is included in, the purity for finally giving soluble dietary fiber is of a relatively high.Wine
Essence belongs to food grade materials, if solid obtained by suction filtration does not require that extra high purity can be direct after soluble dietary fiber flocculation
It is dried, even if dried material alcohol has a small amount of remaining also will not damage to human body.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows：
(1) using alkaline boiling and steam blasting when sweet potato dregs are pre-processed, processs need not be pre-dried, during boiling it is sterilized with
Decomposing lignin is synchronously carried out；High steam and CO during steam blasting2Collective effect, demolition effect more preferably, destroy fibrous inside
Structure, separates the tissue segmentations such as lignin, cellulose, hemicellulose, is converted into soluble dietary fiber, using the teaching of the invention it is possible to provide solvable
The recovery rate of property dietary fiber；
(2) using low-intensity batch (-type) ultrasonic assistant fermentable culture, not only accelerate the growth of cell, while
The yield of beneficial secondary metabolite can be promoted, be greatly shortened fermentation time, shorten the production cycle, while microorganism sends out
Ferment can improve the ratio of soluble dietary fiber；
(3) filtrate is added in alcohol under agitation when soluble dietary fiber is extracted, prevents alcohol from directly adding
In a large number flocculation so that impurity is included in, finally gives soluble dietary fine to cause sweet potato soluble dietary fiber in entering filtrate
The purity of dimension is of a relatively high；
(4) using the dietary fiber extraction rate reached of extracting method acquisition of the invention to more than 95.6%, purity is reachable
92%, the content of soluble dietary fiber in sweet potato dregs can be improved to greatest extent, make solubility in sweet potato dregs diet fibre
The ratio of dietary fiber is lifted to more than 19.8% by 4%, compared with the dietary fiber obtained with chemical leaching test has higher
Retention ability and dilatancy, with higher physiologically active；
(5) the dietary fiber ash content obtained using the extracting method of the present invention is much better than better than GB, while turn waste into wealth,
Both the environmental pollution that potato slag is at will discharged had been solved, economic benefit had been generated again, soluble dietary fiber and insoluble meals was fine
Dimension can be extracted respectively, and if desired total dietary fiber so long be well mixed both and obtain final product.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiments of the invention, technical scheme is clearly and completely described.
Every detection of dietary fiber prepared by the present invention is determined by the following procedure：
The measure of dietary fiber is carried out according to GB/T 5009.88-2008.
In dietary fiber, the measure of ash content is carried out according to GB/T 5009.4-2010.
In dietary fiber, protein measuring is carried out according to GB/T 5009.5-2010.
Dietary fiber retention ability is determined：Retention ability refers to that fiber combines the quality of water under the effect of no external force.Determine
When, 1.0g dietary fibers are accurately weighed, distilled water 25ml is added, is placed 1h at room temperature, after being drained with filter paper, go to surface plate
In weigh, retention ability is the difference of sample weight in wet base and sample dry weight and the ratio of sample dry weight.
Dietary fiber dilatancy is determined：
Dilatancy refers to the ratio of volume number and its initial volume number reached after sample is submerged.It is accurate
1g dietary fibers are really weighed, is placed in the test tube of tool scale, is added 50ml distilled water, place 24h at room temperature, read its water suction
Volume after expansion, the difference of volume and dry product volume after dilatancy as expansion and the ratio of sample dry weight.
Embodiment 1
A kind of extracting method of sweet potato dregs diet fibre is comprised the following steps：
(1) alkaline boiling：By free from admixture, the fresh sweet potato dregs of sludge and addition is fresh sweet potato dregs quality 2% carbonic acid
Hydrogen calcium is uniformly mixed, and adds the pure water of 0.1 times of fresh sweet potato dregs quality, carries out autoclaving 0.5h, autoclaving pressure
For 0.2MPa；
(2) steam blasting：Mixed material after step (1) autoclaving is added into acetic acid solution, the acetic acid solution
Mass fraction is 4%, and the addition of acetic acid is the 4% of fresh sweet potato dregs quality, and sealing is uniformly mixed, and then carries out steam quick-fried
It is broken, blasting condition：Controlling reaction temperature is 120 DEG C, the explosion after pressurize 20min under 0.3MPa；
(3) prepare inoculation slurry：Mixed material after step (2) steam blasting is added the nothing for accounting for mixed material quality 10%
Bacterium water, 0.8% KH2PO4, 0.2% MgSO4, 0.8% (NH4)2SO4, 1.0% NaCl, stir, obtain sweet potato
Slag inoculation slurry；
(4) prepare leavening：The following KH of mass fraction necessary to weigh making fermentation medium2PO40.2%th,
FeSO40.02%th, NaSO40.2%th, (NH4)2SO40.07%th, KCl0.6%, glucose 5%, balance of sterilized water dissolve, divide
Dress, sterilizes at 120 DEG C of high steam, and sterilization time 30min makes fermented bacterium culture medium, inoculates Ganoderma Lucidum, 30 DEG C of constant temperature
It is standby that shaken cultivation makes Ganoderma Lucidum seed liquor leavening for 4 days；
(5) stock substrate fermentation：Ganoderma Lucidum seed liquor leavening is inoculated with sweet potato dregs inoculation slurry, inoculum concentration is sweet potato dregs
The 3% of inoculation slurry weight, postvaccinal sweet potato dregs inoculation slurry is placed on 28 DEG C then, and to carry out low-intensity batch (-type) ultrasonic wave auxiliary
Fermented and cultured 24h is helped, sweet potato dregs fermentation slurry is obtained, the fermented and cultured mode is：After rotary shaker fermentation 6h, every 20min
The ultrasonic assistant fermentation of addition low-intensity batch (-type), supersonic frequency is 20KHz, ultrasonic power is 10w, each ultrasonic time 20s；
(6) extract insoluble diedairy fiber：Sweet potato dregs fermentation slurry after step (5) is fermented is kept in 100 DEG C of water-baths
After 10min sterilizings, twice, filtrate is standby, filter residue low-temperature vacuum drying, obtains final product sweet potato insoluble dietary fiber for filtering and washing；
(7) extract soluble dietary fiber：Filtrate obtained by step (6) is slowly added to into food grade quality under agitation
During fraction is the alcohol that 80%, volume is 2 times of filtrate volume, filtrate adds and finishes standing 0.5h, and then suction filtration, reclaims ethanol,
Low-temperature vacuum drying filter residue, gained solid are soluble dietary fiber.
The physical and chemical index of the diet fiber product extracted using the present embodiment is shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 2
A kind of extracting method of sweet potato dregs diet fibre is comprised the following steps：
(1) alkaline boiling：By free from admixture, the fresh sweet potato dregs of sludge and addition is fresh sweet potato dregs quality 3% carbonic acid
Hydrogen ammonium is uniformly mixed, and adds the pure water of 0.1 times of fresh sweet potato dregs quality, carries out autoclaving 1h, and autoclaving pressure is
0.4MPa；
(2) steam blasting：By the mixed material adding citric acid solution after step (1) autoclaving, the citric acid solution
Mass fraction be 6%, the addition of citric acid is the 5% of fresh sweet potato dregs quality, and sealing is uniformly mixed, and is then steamed
Steam explosion is broken, blasting condition：Controlling reaction temperature is 130 DEG C, the explosion after pressurize 15min under 0.5MPa；
(3) prepare inoculation slurry：Mixed material after step (2) steam blasting is added the nothing for accounting for mixed material quality 10%
Bacterium water, 1.0% KH2PO4, 0.3% MgSO4, 1.0% (NH4)2SO4, 1.2% NaCl, stir, obtain sweet potato
Slag inoculation slurry；
(4) prepare leavening：The following KH of mass fraction necessary to weigh making fermentation medium2PO40.2%th,
FeSO40.02%th, NaSO40.2%th, (NH4)2SO40.07%th, KCl0.6%, glucose 5%, balance of sterilized water dissolve, divide
Dress, sterilizes at 130 DEG C of high steam, and sterilization time 20min makes fermented bacterium culture medium, inoculates gill fungus bacterium, and 28 DEG C of constant temperature shake
Swinging culture, to make within 5 days gill fungus bacterium seed liquor leavening standby；
(5) stock substrate fermentation：Gill fungus bacterium seed liquor leavening is inoculated with sweet potato dregs inoculation slurry, inoculum concentration is connect for sweet potato dregs
The 4% of slurry weight is planted, postvaccinal sweet potato dregs inoculation slurry is placed on 35 DEG C then carries out low-intensity batch (-type) ultrasonic assistant
Fermented and cultured 30h, obtains sweet potato dregs fermentation slurry, and the fermented and cultured mode is：After rotary shaker fermentation 8h, add every 30min
Plus the fermentation of low-intensity batch (-type) ultrasonic assistant, supersonic frequency is 25KHz, ultrasonic power is 25w, each ultrasonic time 10s；
(6) extract insoluble diedairy fiber：Sweet potato dregs fermentation slurry after step (5) is fermented is kept in 100 DEG C of water-baths
After 15min sterilizings, twice, filtrate is standby, filter residue low-temperature vacuum drying, obtains final product sweet potato insoluble dietary fiber for filtering and washing；
(7) extract soluble dietary fiber：Filtrate obtained by step (6) is slowly added to into food grade quality under agitation
During fraction is the alcohol that 80%, volume is 4 times of filtrate volume, filtrate adds and finishes standing 1h, then suction filtration, reclaims ethanol, low
Temperature vacuum drying filter residue, gained solid is soluble dietary fiber.
The physical and chemical index of the diet fiber product extracted using the present embodiment is shown in Table 1.
Embodiment 3
A kind of extracting method of sweet potato dregs diet fibre is comprised the following steps：
(1) alkaline boiling：By free from admixture, the fresh sweet potato dregs of sludge and addition is fresh sweet potato dregs quality 4% carbonic acid
Hydrogen potassium is uniformly mixed, and adds the pure water of 0.1 times of fresh sweet potato dregs quality, carries out autoclaving 1h, and autoclaving pressure is
0.5MPa；
(2) steam blasting：Mixed material after step (1) autoclaving is added into formic acid solution, the formic acid solution
Mass fraction is 8%, and the addition of formic acid is the 6% of fresh sweet potato dregs quality, and sealing is uniformly mixed, and then carries out steam quick-fried
It is broken, blasting condition：Controlling reaction temperature is 125 DEG C, the explosion after pressurize 15min under 0.4MPa；
(3) prepare inoculation slurry：Mixed material after step (2) steam blasting is added the nothing for accounting for mixed material quality 10%
Bacterium water, 1.2% KH2PO4, 0.4% MgSO4, 1.1% (NH4)2SO4, 1.4% NaCl, stir, obtain sweet potato
Slag inoculation slurry；
(4) prepare leavening：KH necessary to weigh making fermentation medium2PO40.2%th, FeSO40.02%th,
NaSO40.2%th, (NH4)2SO40.07%th, KCl0.6%, glucose 5%, balance of sterilized water, dissolving, packing, high steam
Sterilize at 125 DEG C, sterilization time 25min makes fermented bacterium culture medium, inoculate Pueraria lobota bacterium, 28 DEG C of constant-temperature shaking cultures are made for 5 days
It is standby into Pueraria lobota bacterium seed liquor leavening；
(5) stock substrate fermentation：Pueraria lobota bacterium seed liquor leavening is inoculated with sweet potato dregs inoculation slurry, inoculum concentration is connect for sweet potato dregs
The 5% of slurry weight is planted, postvaccinal sweet potato dregs inoculation slurry is placed on 30 DEG C then carries out low-intensity batch (-type) ultrasonic assistant
Fermented and cultured 36h, obtains sweet potato dregs fermentation slurry, and the fermented and cultured mode is：After rotary shaker fermentation 10h, add every 40min
Plus the fermentation of low-intensity batch (-type) ultrasonic assistant, supersonic frequency is 30KHz, ultrasonic power is 50w, each ultrasonic time 5s；
(6) extract insoluble diedairy fiber：Sweet potato dregs fermentation slurry after step (5) is fermented is kept in 100 DEG C of water-baths
After 20min sterilizings, twice, filtrate is standby, filter residue low-temperature vacuum drying, obtains final product sweet potato insoluble dietary fiber for filtering and washing；
(7) extract soluble dietary fiber：Filtrate obtained by step (6) is slowly added to into food grade quality under agitation
During fraction is the alcohol that 80%, volume is 3 times of filtrate volume, filtrate adds and finishes standing 0.5h, and then suction filtration, reclaims ethanol,
Low-temperature vacuum drying filter residue, gained solid are soluble dietary fiber.
The physical and chemical index of the diet fiber product extracted using the present embodiment is shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 1
A kind of extracting method of sweet potato dregs diet fibre is comprised the following steps：
(1) steam blasting：The fresh sweet potato dregs of free from admixture, sludge are carried out into steam blasting, blasting condition：Controlling reaction temperature
For 120 DEG C, the explosion after pressurize 20min under 0.5MPa；
(3) prepare inoculation slurry：Mixed material after step (2) steam blasting is added the nothing for accounting for mixed material quality 10%
Bacterium water, 1.0% KH2PO4, 0.3% MgSO4, 1.0% (NH4)2SO4, 1.2% NaCl, stir, obtain sweet potato
Slag inoculation slurry；
(4) prepare leavening：The following KH of mass fraction necessary to weigh making fermentation medium2PO40.2%th,
FeSO40.02%th, NaSO40.2%th, (NH4)2SO40.07%th, KCl0.6%, glucose 5%, balance of sterilized water dissolve, divide
Dress, sterilizes at 120-130 DEG C of high steam, and sterilization time 20-30min makes fermented bacterium culture medium, inoculates Ganoderma Lucidum,
It is standby that 28-30 DEG C of constant-temperature shaking culture 4-5 days makes Ganoderma Lucidum seed liquor leavening；
(5) stock substrate fermentation：Ganoderma Lucidum seed liquor leavening is inoculated with sweet potato dregs inoculation slurry, inoculum concentration is sweet potato dregs
The 4% of inoculation slurry weight, postvaccinal sweet potato dregs inoculation slurry is placed on 28-35 DEG C then carries out low-intensity batch (-type) ultrasonic wave
Assisted fermentation culture 30h, obtains sweet potato dregs fermentation slurry, and the fermented and cultured mode is：After rotary shaker fermentation 8h, every
30min addition low-intensity batch (-type) ultrasonic assistant fermentations, when supersonic frequency is 25KHz, ultrasonic power is 25w, each ultrasound
Between 10s；
(6) extract insoluble diedairy fiber：Sweet potato dregs fermentation slurry after step (5) is fermented is kept in 100 DEG C of water-baths
After 10min sterilizings, twice, filtrate is standby, filter residue low-temperature vacuum drying, obtains final product sweet potato insoluble dietary fiber for filtering and washing；
(7) extract soluble dietary fiber：Filtrate obtained by step (6) is slowly added to into food grade quality under agitation
During fraction is the alcohol that 80%, volume is 4 times of filtrate volume, filtrate adds and finishes standing 0.5h, and then suction filtration, reclaims ethanol,
Low-temperature vacuum drying filter residue, gained solid are soluble dietary fiber.
The physical and chemical index of the diet fiber product extracted using this comparative example is shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 2
A kind of extracting method of sweet potato dregs diet fibre is comprised the following steps：
(1) alkaline boiling：By free from admixture, the fresh sweet potato dregs of sludge and addition is fresh sweet potato dregs quality 3% carbonic acid
Hydrogen ammonium is uniformly mixed, and adds the pure water of 0.1 times of fresh sweet potato dregs quality, carries out autoclaving 0.5h, autoclaving pressure
For 0.4MPa；
(2) steam blasting：Mixed material after step (1) autoclaving is added into citric acid solution, the citric acid is molten
The mass fraction of liquid is 6%, and the addition of citric acid is the 5% of fresh sweet potato dregs quality, and sealing is uniformly mixed, and is then carried out
Steam blasting, blasting condition：Controlling reaction temperature is 130 DEG C, the explosion after pressurize 10min under 0.5MPa；
(3) prepare inoculation slurry：Mixed material after step (2) steam blasting is added the nothing for accounting for mixed material quality 10%
Bacterium water, 1.0% KH2PO4, 0.3% MgSO4, 1.0% (NH4)2SO4, 1.2% NaCl, stir, obtain sweet potato
Slag inoculation slurry；
(4) prepare leavening：The following KH of mass fraction necessary to weigh making fermentation medium2PO40.2%th,
FeSO40.02%th, NaSO40.2%th, (NH4)2SO40.07%th, KCl0.6%, glucose 5%, balance of sterilized water dissolve, divide
Dress, sterilizes at 120-130 DEG C of high steam, and sterilization time 20-30min makes fermented bacterium culture medium, inoculates gill fungus bacterium, 28-
It is standby that 30 DEG C of constant-temperature shaking cultures 4-5 days make gill fungus bacterium seed liquor leavening；
(5) stock substrate fermentation：Gill fungus bacterium seed liquor leavening is inoculated with sweet potato dregs inoculation slurry, inoculum concentration is connect for sweet potato dregs
The 4% of slurry weight is planted, postvaccinal sweet potato dregs inoculation slurry is placed on 28 DEG C then carries out rotary shaker fermented and cultured 36h, obtains
To sweet potato dregs fermentation slurry；
(6) extract insoluble diedairy fiber：Sweet potato dregs fermentation slurry after step (5) is fermented is kept in 100 DEG C of water-baths
After 10-20min sterilizings, twice, filtrate is standby, filter residue low-temperature vacuum drying for filtering and washing, obtains final product sweet potato insolubility meals fine
Dimension；
(7) extract soluble dietary fiber：Filtrate obtained by step (6) is slowly added to into food grade quality under agitation
During fraction is the alcohol that 80%, volume is 4 times of filtrate volume, filtrate adds and finishes standing 0.5h, and then suction filtration, reclaims ethanol,
Low-temperature vacuum drying filter residue, gained solid are soluble dietary fiber.
The physical and chemical index of the diet fiber product extracted using this comparative example is shown in Table 1.
Comparative example 3
A kind of extracting method of sweet potato dregs diet fibre is comprised the following steps：
(1) alkaline boiling：By free from admixture, the fresh sweet potato dregs of sludge and addition is fresh sweet potato dregs quality 3% carbonic acid
Hydrogen potassium is uniformly mixed, and adds the pure water of 0.1 times of fresh sweet potato dregs quality, carries out autoclaving 0.5h, autoclaving pressure
For 0.4MPa；
(2) steam blasting：Mixed material after step (1) autoclaving is added into citric acid solution, the citric acid is molten
The mass fraction of liquid is 6%, and the addition of citric acid is the 5% of fresh sweet potato dregs quality, and sealing is uniformly mixed, and is then carried out
Steam blasting, blasting condition：Controlling reaction temperature is 120 DEG C, the explosion after pressurize 20min under 0.5MPa；
(3) prepare inoculation slurry：Mixed material after step (2) steam blasting is added the nothing for accounting for mixed material quality 10%
Bacterium water, 1.0% KH2PO4, 0.3% MgSO4, 1.0% (NH4)2SO4, 1.2% NaCl, stir, obtain sweet potato
Slag inoculation slurry；
(4) prepare leavening：The following KH of mass fraction necessary to weigh making fermentation medium2PO40.2%th,
FeSO40.02%th, NaSO40.2%th, (NH4)2SO40.07%th, KCl0.6%, glucose 5%, balance of sterilized water dissolve, divide
Dress, sterilizes at 120-130 DEG C of high steam, and sterilization time 20-30min makes fermented bacterium culture medium, inoculates Ganoderma Lucidum,
It is standby that 28-30 DEG C of constant-temperature shaking culture 4-5 days makes Ganoderma Lucidum seed liquor leavening；
(5) stock substrate fermentation：Ganoderma Lucidum seed liquor leavening is inoculated with sweet potato dregs inoculation slurry, inoculum concentration is sweet potato dregs
The 4% of inoculation slurry weight, postvaccinal sweet potato dregs inoculation slurry is placed on 28 DEG C then, and to carry out low-intensity batch (-type) ultrasonic wave auxiliary
Fermented and cultured 30h is helped, sweet potato dregs fermentation slurry is obtained, the fermented and cultured mode is：After rotary shaker fermentation 8h, every 30min
The ultrasonic assistant fermentation of addition low-intensity batch (-type), supersonic frequency is 25KHz, ultrasonic power is 25w, each ultrasonic time 10s；
(6) extract insoluble diedairy fiber：Sweet potato dregs fermentation slurry after step (5) is fermented is kept in 100 DEG C of water-baths
After 10-20min sterilizings, twice, filtrate is standby, filter residue low-temperature vacuum drying for filtering and washing, obtains final product sweet potato insolubility meals fine
Dimension；
(7) extract soluble dietary fiber：Food-grade matter is slowly added under agitation in filtrate obtained by step (6)
The alcohol that fraction is that 80%, volume is 0.5 times of filtrate volume is measured, alcohol is added and finishes standing 0.5h, and then suction filtration, reclaims second
Alcohol, low-temperature vacuum drying filter residue, gained solid are soluble dietary fiber.
The physical and chemical index of the diet fiber product extracted using this comparative example is shown in Table 1.
The physical and chemical index of 1 diet fiber product of table
Every physical and chemical index such as 1 institute of table of the diet fiber product extracted with comparative example 1-3 by embodiment of the present invention 1-3
Show, embodiment 1-3 is preferred embodiment, and comparative example 1-3 is distinguished compared with extracting method of the present invention is respectively：Comparative example 1 is
Alkaline boiling is carried out without carbonate, steam blasting and later step is directly carried out；When comparative example 2 is that stock substrate ferments
Rotary shaker fermentation, rather than low-intensity batch (-type) ultrasonic assistant fermented and cultured are carried out directly；Comparative example 3 is soluble to extract
It is not that filtrate is slowly added in alcohol during dietary fiber, but alcohol is added to into precipitate soluble dietary fiber in filtrate.
Every physical and chemical index of the dietary fiber for being prepared using the extracting method of the present invention as can be seen from Table 1 is apparently higher than comparative example.
The above is the preferred embodiment of the present invention, its object is to allow person skilled in the art to understand the present invention
Content is simultaneously carried out, it is noted that for those skilled in the art, without departing from the principle of the invention
Under the premise of, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications are also considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of extracting method of sweet potato dregs diet fibre, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
(1) alkaline boiling：Free from admixture, the fresh sweet potato dregs of sludge and carbonate are uniformly mixed, and add a small amount of water, carried out
Autoclaving 0.5-1h；
(2) steam blasting：Organic acid soln, sealing is added to be uniformly mixed the mixed material after step (1) autoclaving,
Then steam blasting, blasting condition are carried out：Controlling reaction temperature is 120-130 DEG C, the pressurize 10-20min under 0.3-0.5MPa
Explosion afterwards；
(3) prepare inoculation slurry：Mixed material after step (2) steam blasting is added into appropriate amounts of sterilized water, KH2PO4、MgSO4、
(NH4)2SO4, NaCl, stir, obtain sweet potato dregs inoculation slurry；
(4) prepare leavening：Weigh the reagent KH of following quality proportioning necessary to make fermentation medium2PO40.2%th, FeSO4
0.02%th, NaSO40.2%th, (NH4)2SO40.07%th, KCl 0.6%, glucose 5%, balance of sterilized water dissolve, divide
Dress, sterilizes at 120-130 DEG C of high steam, and sterilization time 20-30min makes fermented bacterium culture medium, inoculates medicinal true
Bacterium, it is standby that 28-30 DEG C of constant-temperature shaking culture 4-5 days makes medicinal fungi seed liquor leavening；
(5) stock substrate fermentation：Medicinal fungi seed liquor leavening is inoculated with sweet potato dregs inoculation slurry, inoculum concentration is connect for sweet potato dregs
The 3-5% of slurry weight is planted, postvaccinal sweet potato dregs inoculation slurry is placed on 28-35 DEG C then carries out low-intensity batch (-type) ultrasonic wave
Assisted fermentation culture 24-36h, obtains sweet potato dregs fermentation slurry；
(6) extract insoluble diedairy fiber：After sweet potato dregs fermentation slurry sterilizing after step (5) is fermented, filtering and washing twice, is filtered
Liquid is standby, filter residue low-temperature vacuum drying, obtains final product sweet potato insoluble diedairy fiber；
(7) extract soluble dietary fiber：Filtrate obtained by step (6) is slowly added to into food grade quality fraction under agitation
For, in alcohol of the 80%, volume for 2-4 times of filtrate volume, filtrate adds and finishes standing 0.5-1h, and then suction filtration, reclaims ethanol,
Low-temperature vacuum drying filter residue, gained solid are soluble dietary fiber.
2. a kind of extracting method of sweet potato dregs diet fibre as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described in step (1)
Carbonate is calcium bicarbonate, sodium acid carbonate, saleratus, one or more in ammonium hydrogen carbonate, the addition of the carbonate
For the 2-4% of fresh sweet potato dregs quality.
3. a kind of extracting method of sweet potato dregs diet fibre as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described in step (1)
The addition of water is 0.1 times of fresh sweet potato dregs quality, and autoclaving pressure is 0.2-0.5MPa.
4. a kind of extracting method of sweet potato dregs diet fibre as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described in step (2)
Organic acid is citric acid, formic acid, one or more in acetic acid, and the mass fraction of the organic acid soln is 4-8%, organic acid
Addition be fresh sweet potato dregs quality 4-6%.
5. a kind of extracting method of sweet potato dregs diet fibre as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described in step (3)
Sterilized water addition is 10%, KH of fresh sweet potato dregs quality2PO4、MgSO4、(NH4)2SO4, NaCl addition be respectively it is fresh sweet
0.8-1.2%, 0.2-0.4%, 0.8-1.1%, 1.0-1.4% of potato slag amount.
6. a kind of extracting method of sweet potato dregs diet fibre as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that described in step (3)
KH2PO4、MgSO4、(NH4)2SO4, NaCl addition be respectively fresh sweet potato dregs quality 1.0%, 0.3%, 1.0%, 1.2%.
7. a kind of extracting method of sweet potato dregs diet fibre as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described in step (4)
Medicinal fungi is Ganoderma Lucidum, China fir bacterium, gill fungus bacterium, one or more in Pueraria lobota bacterium.
8. a kind of extracting method of sweet potato dregs diet fibre as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described in step (5)
Fermented and cultured mode is：After rotary shaker fermentation 6-10h, send out every 20-40min addition low-intensity batch (-type) ultrasonic assistants
Ferment, supersonic frequency is 20-30KHz, ultrasonic power is 0-50w, each ultrasonic time 5-20s.
9. a kind of extracting method of sweet potato dregs diet fibre as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described in step (6)
Sterilizing methods keep 10-20min for sweet potato dregs fermentation slurry in 100 DEG C of water-baths.
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| CN105572119A (en) * | 2015-12-16 | 2016-05-11 | 陕西科技大学 | Method for detecting content of active hydroxyl in plant fibers |
| CN105595243A (en) * | 2015-12-18 | 2016-05-25 | 湖北工业大学 | Lipid-lowering porous fruit and vegetable powder containing rich chitosan and dietary fiber |
| CN106136250A (en) * | 2016-06-25 | 2016-11-23 | 丁玉琴 | A kind of method utilizing sweet potato waste to prepare soluble dietary fiber |
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| CN107095317B (en) * | 2017-06-28 | 2020-09-18 | 山东省食品发酵工业研究设计院 | Method for extracting soluble dietary fiber from sweet potato residue |
| CN107647286A (en) * | 2017-08-07 | 2018-02-02 | 云南肠和健康科技股份有限公司 | The preparation method and bean dregs dietary fiber of a kind of bean dregs dietary fiber |
| CN107411103A (en) * | 2017-08-07 | 2017-12-01 | 云南肠和健康科技股份有限公司 | The preparation method and sweet potato dietary fiber of a kind of sweet potato dietary fiber |
| CN107495393A (en) * | 2017-08-07 | 2017-12-22 | 云南肠和健康科技股份有限公司 | The preparation method and pumpkin dietary fiber of a kind of pumpkin dietary fiber |
| CN108208855A (en) * | 2018-01-02 | 2018-06-29 | 山东禹王生态食业有限公司 | A kind of production method of the soybean dietary fiber with diet fiber of high soluble |
| CN108936700A (en) * | 2018-06-19 | 2018-12-07 | 四川省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所 | A method of extracting dietary fiber from hickory chick |
| CN109770370A (en) * | 2019-02-18 | 2019-05-21 | 福建省微生物研究所 | A method of soluble dietary fiber is prepared using bamboo shoot head |
| CN110025016A (en) * | 2019-04-29 | 2019-07-19 | 贵阳学院 | A kind of extracting method of blueberry dregs diet fibre |
| CN111700279B (en) * | 2019-11-04 | 2023-05-12 | 唐山市食品药品综合检验检测中心 | Preparation method of wheat bran dietary fiber |
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