CN104903656A - Air conditioner - Google Patents
Air conditioner Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104903656A CN104903656A CN201380069758.4A CN201380069758A CN104903656A CN 104903656 A CN104903656 A CN 104903656A CN 201380069758 A CN201380069758 A CN 201380069758A CN 104903656 A CN104903656 A CN 104903656A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- heat exchanger
- preparation
- defrosting
- outdoor heat
- running
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
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- 238000010257 thawing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 118
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 77
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 18
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 10
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003002 synthetic resin Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000057 synthetic resin Substances 0.000 description 2
- WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N alstonine Natural products C1=CC2=C3C=CC=CC3=NC2=C2N1C[C@H]1[C@H](C)OC=C(C(=O)OC)[C@H]1C2 WYTGDNHDOZPMIW-RCBQFDQVSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000005239 tubule Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F1/00—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station
- F24F1/0003—Room units for air-conditioning, e.g. separate or self-contained units or units receiving primary air from a central station characterised by a split arrangement, wherein parts of the air-conditioning system, e.g. evaporator and condenser, are in separately located units
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
- F24F11/41—Defrosting; Preventing freezing
- F24F11/42—Defrosting; Preventing freezing of outdoor units
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
- F24F11/00—Control or safety arrangements
- F24F11/30—Control or safety arrangements for purposes related to the operation of the system, e.g. for safety or monitoring
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B13/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, with reversible cycle
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B47/00—Arrangements for preventing or removing deposits or corrosion, not provided for in another subclass
- F25B47/02—Defrosting cycles
- F25B47/022—Defrosting cycles hot gas defrosting
- F25B47/025—Defrosting cycles hot gas defrosting by reversing the cycle
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B49/00—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
- F25B49/02—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for compression type machines, plants or systems
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2600/00—Control issues
- F25B2600/25—Control of valves
- F25B2600/2513—Expansion valves
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2700/00—Sensing or detecting of parameters; Sensors therefor
- F25B2700/21—Temperatures
- F25B2700/2106—Temperatures of fresh outdoor air
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
Abstract
An air conditioner (1) comprises: an outdoor heat exchanger (14); an indoor heat exchanger (32); an expansion valve (15) which is disposed between the outdoor heat exchanger and the indoor heat exchanger; a compressor (12) which circulates a refrigerant through a refrigeration cycle; and a switching valve (13) which switches the circulation of the refrigerant by the compressor between circulation for cooling, in which the refrigerant discharged from the compressor first enters the outdoor heat exchanger, and circulation for heating, in which the refrigerant discharged from the compressor first enters the indoor heat exchanger. During heating operation, at a stage prior to a step for defrosting the outdoor heat exchanger, a control unit (40) can perform either first preliminary defrosting operation in which the degree of opening of the expansion valve is reduced or a second preliminary defrosting operation in which the degree of opening of the expansion valve is increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the air conditioner of heat pump mode.
Background technology
The air conditioner of house is mostly and adopts heat pump mode and off-premises station and the indoor set separate air conditioner of separating.When carrying out heating running with this air conditioner, indoor side heat exchanger becomes high temperature, outdoor heat exchanger becomes low temperature.Its result is difficult to avoid, and can produce the problem of frosting as outdoor heat exchanger.Therefore, when heating running for solving, the frosting problem of outdoor heat exchanger, has inquired into various countermeasure.
In air conditioner described in patent document 1, outdoor heat converter is connected by the coolant channel with switch valve with the connecting portion of decompressor and the blowing unit of compressor.When the pressure of high-pressure side coolant channel when heating running or the temperature of indoor heat converter reach more than setting, switch valve is opened.When switch valve becomes open mode, from a part for the cold-producing medium of the HTHP of compressor ejection, while reduce pressure in coolant channel, limit inflow outdoor heat exchanger, and to be liquefied in indoor heat converter and the cold-producing medium becoming low-temp low-pressure after reducing pressure in decompressor converges.Like this, the refrigerant pressure of outdoor heat converter and temperature are than usually high, and the tempo to outdoor heat converter surface frosting declines.
Defroster described in patent document 2 defrosts as follows.That is, during defrosting, the valve opening of decompressor is set to standard-sized sheet or roughly standard-sized sheet, stops the forced ventilation of condenser, evaporimeter and make compressor operation.
Even if the air conditioner of same separate type also also has following type.That is, indoor set is formed radiant panel, do not use fan, but utilize heat radiation carry out indoor cooling operation or heat running.Above-mentioned example is described in patent document 3.
The air conditioner that patent document 3 is recorded possesses the radiant panel be arranged on the ceiling of building.Refrigerant piping is the configuration of serpentine bend shape in the inside of radiant panel.Radiant panel heat absorption is relied on to carry out radiation type cooling during cooling operation.Carry out radiant type by radiant panel heat radiation when heating running to heat.Radiation type cooling heats does not need indoor fan to stir air, do not have noise, can carry out quiet comfortable cooling and warming.
Prior art document
Patent document 1: flat No. 1-260266 of Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication
Patent document 2: clear No. 60-50352 of Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication
Patent document 3: flat No. 10-205802 of Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication
Summary of the invention
The defrosting operation heating off-premises station in running can be said unavoidably, and heats temporary break and can bring very large inconvenience to user.In view of the above problems, the object of the invention is to postpone the period of implementing defrosting operation as far as possible.
Air conditioner structure of the present invention is as follows.That is, air conditioner comprises: outdoor heat exchanger; Indoor side heat exchanger; Be configured in the expansion valve between described outdoor heat exchanger and described indoor side heat exchanger; Compressor, makes cold-producing medium circulate in the kind of refrigeration cycle comprising described outdoor heat exchanger, described indoor side heat exchanger and described expansion valve; Transfer valve, by the refrigerant circulation of described compressor circulation and switching between circulation when heating when freezing, during described refrigeration when circulation, first the cold-producing medium sprayed from described compressor enters described outdoor heat exchanger, described when heating when circulation, first the cold-producing medium sprayed from described compressor enters described indoor side heat exchanger; And the control part of described air conditioner.When heating running, in the stage of described control part before the defrosting operation of described outdoor heat exchanger, the first preparation defrosting running of the aperture reducing described expansion valve can be performed, or the second preparation defrosting of the aperture strengthening described expansion valve operates.
In the air conditioner of said structure, preferred described control part, after put rules into practice the first preparation defrosting running described in number of times or described second preparation defrosting running, performs the defrosting operation of described outdoor heat exchanger.
In the air conditioner of said structure, preferred described control part performs described first preparation defrosting running when outside air temperature reaches more than set point of temperature, performs described second preparation defrosting running when outside air temperature is less than set point of temperature.
In the air conditioner of said structure, circulate when cyclic switching during described heating is described refrigeration by preferred described control part in described defrosting operation.
In the air conditioner of said structure, preferred described control part, to be judged as opportunity for the frosting of described outdoor heat exchanger, performs described first preparation defrosting running and described second preparation defrosting running.
In the air conditioner of said structure, preferred described control part is according to the change of the detected temperatures of the temperature detector arranged additional on described outdoor heat exchanger, or described outdoor heat exchanger adds the curent change of the outside pressure fan arranged, or measure by the air quantity of the air-flow of described outdoor heat exchanger, the measurement result of air volume meter, or do not perform the length of the time of described first preparation defrosting running or described second preparation defrosting running, carry out described frosting judgement.
In the air conditioner of said structure, preferred described control part, in described first preparation defrosting running or described second preparation defrosting running perform, makes the revolution of described outside pressure fan rise.
In the air conditioner of said structure, preferred described control part makes the revolution of described compressor decline in described first preparation defrosting running performs, in described second preparation defrosting running performs, make the revolution of described compressor increase.
In the air conditioner of said structure, each less than 1 minute of the time of implementation of preferred described preparation defrosting running.
In the air conditioner of said structure, preferred described outdoor heat exchanger is made up of parallel flow type heat exchanger.
According to the present invention, carry out preparation defrosting by the stage before common defrosting operation, the period needing to carry out common defrosting can be postponed.Therefore, until carry out common defrosting operation, can continue for a long time to heat running.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the brief configuration figure of the air conditioner of first embodiment of the invention, represents state during cooling operation.
Fig. 2 is the brief configuration figure of the air conditioner of first embodiment of the invention, represents state when heating running.
Fig. 3 is the brief configuration figure of parallel flow type heat exchanger.
Fig. 4 is the sectional view of the IV-IV line along Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 is the control block diagram of the air conditioner of the first embodiment.
Fig. 6 is the curve map of the defrosting cycle illustrated in the past.
Fig. 7 is the curve map that defrosting cycle of the present invention is described.
Fig. 8 is the flow chart that preparation defrosting is described.
Fig. 9 about under not carrying out preparing defrosting and to have carried out preparing defrosting situation, the table of the experimental result of heating capacity.
Figure 10 is in the table of Fig. 9, the local curve figure of average heating capacity.
Figure 11 is in the table of Fig. 9, heats the local curve figure of time.
Figure 12 is the curve map that investigation expansion valve opening changes the experimental result of the impact that the time brings to average heating capacity.
Figure 13 is the curve map of the experimental result of the impact that the number of repetition of investigation preparation defrosting is brought to average heating capacity.
Figure 14 is the curve map of the experimental result of the impact that the revolution of investigation outside pressure fan brings to average heating capacity.
Figure 15 is that investigation preparation defrosts the effect brought whether because of the table of the different and different experimental result of the form of heat exchanger.
Figure 16 is by the curve map of the table pictorialization of Figure 15.
Detailed description of the invention
The air conditioner 1 of embodiment of the present invention is described according to Fig. 1 to Figure 14.As heat exchanger, air conditioner 1 adopts cross-flow parallel flow type heat exchanger.
The basic structure of cross-flow parallel flow type heat exchanger as shown in Figure 3.Being the upside of heat exchanger on the upside of paper in Fig. 3, is the downside of heat exchanger on the downside of paper.Parallel flow type heat exchanger 50 has two vertical direction house stewards 51,52, and the multiple horizontal direction flat tubes 53 configured therebetween.House steward 51,52 configured in parallel spaced apart in the horizontal direction.Flat tube 53 configures with prescribed distance in the vertical direction.In the stage that reality is installed to equipment, heat exchanger 50 is installed into various angle according to the requirement of design.Therefore, " vertical direction " " horizontal direction " in this description should not explained too strict.And only should be interpreted as the normative reference in direction.
Flat tube 53 is by the elongated formed products of metallic extrusion molding.As shown in Figure 4, the inside of flat tube 53 forms the coolant channel 54 of cold-producing medium circulation.Because flat tube 53 is by long side direction that is extrusion molding direction horizontal arrangement, therefore the cold-producing medium circulating direction of coolant channel 54 also becomes level.The coolant channel 54 that multiple section configuration is equal with cross-sectional area arranges on the left and right directions of Fig. 4, and therefore the vertical cross section of flat tube 53 is harmonica.Each coolant channel 54 is communicated with the inside of house steward 51,52.
The flat horizontal surface of flat tube 53 is provided with fin 55.As fin 55, adopting ripple blade here, also can be metallic plate blade.In fin 55 arranged side by side up and down, the fin of the superiors and the outside of undermost fin are configured with side plate 56.
House steward 51,52, flat tube 53, fin 55 and side plate 56 be all made up of the metal that the thermal conductivity such as aluminium are good.Flat tube 53 soldering or be weldingly fixed on house steward 51,52, fin 55 soldering or be weldingly fixed on flat tube 53, side plate 56 soldering or be weldingly fixed on fin 55.
The inside of house steward 51 is divided into two regions S1, S2 by a partitions P1.Multiple flat tube 53 is divided into multiple flat tube group by partitions P1.Be connected with in the S1 of region by total 24 flat tubes 53,12 flat tube groups formed.Also the flat tube group that 12 flat tubes 53 form is connected in the S2 of region.In addition, the quantity of flat tube 53 shown here is only an example, is not limited thereto.
The inside of house steward 52 is divided into three regions S3, S4, S5 by two partitions P2, P3.Multiple flat tube 53 is divided into multiple flat tube group by partitions P2, P3.Be connected with in the S3 of region by total 24 flat tubes 53,4 flat tube groups formed.The flat tube group that 15 flat tubes 53 form is connected with in the S4 of region.The flat tube group that 5 flat tubes 53 form is connected with in the S5 of region.
The quantity of the sum of above-mentioned flat tube 53, the partitions of each inner manifold and the quantity in region divided thereof, and divided by partitions, the quantity of the flat tube 53 of each flat tube group just illustrates, and is not intended to limit invention.
Cold-producing medium discrepancy pipe 57 is connected with in the S3 of region.Cold-producing medium discrepancy pipe 58 is connected with in the S5 of region.
The function of heat exchanger 50 is as follows.When heat exchanger 50 is used as condenser, cold-producing medium is supplied to region S3 by cold-producing medium discrepancy pipe 57.The cold-producing medium entering region S3 flows to region S1 through 4 flat tubes 53 of join domain S3 and region S1.The described flat tube group be made up of 4 flat tubes 53 forms coolant channel A.Coolant channel A is represented by hollow arrow.Other coolant channel is also represented by hollow arrow.
The cold-producing medium entering region S1 is turned back at this, flows to region S4 by 8 flat tubes 53 of join domain S1 and region S4.The described flat tube group be made up of 8 flat tubes 53 forms coolant channel B.
The cold-producing medium entering region S4 is turned back at this, flows to region S2 by 7 flat tubes 53 of join domain S4 and region S2.The described flat tube group be made up of 7 flat tubes 53 forms coolant channel C.
The cold-producing medium entering region S2 is turned back at this, flows to region S3 by 5 flat tubes 53 of join domain S2 and region S5.The described flat tube group be made up of 5 flat tubes 53 forms coolant channel D.The cold-producing medium entering region S5 flows out from cold-producing medium discrepancy pipe 58.
When heat exchanger 50 uses as evaporimeter, cold-producing medium is supplied to region S5 by cold-producing medium discrepancy pipe 58.The flowing of cold-producing medium after this, contrary when using as condenser with heat exchanger 50, flow through coolant channel.That is, cold-producing medium enters region S1 with the path of coolant channel D → coolant channel C → coolant channel B → coolant channel A, and flows out from cold-producing medium discrepancy pipe 57.
Fig. 1 illustrate using above-mentioned heat exchanger 50 as heat pump cycle structural element, the brief configuration of separate air conditioner 1.Air conditioner 1 is made up of off-premises station 10 and indoor set 30.
Off-premises station 10, the inside of casing 11 that is made up of sheet metal component and synthetic resin member, be accommodated with compressor 12, transfer valve 13, outdoor heat exchanger 14, expansion valve 15, outside pressure fan 16 etc.Transfer valve 13 is cross valve.Adopt heat exchanger 50 as outdoor heat exchanger 14.Adopt the expansion valve 15 that aperture can control.On motor, combined helical paddle fan forms outside pressure fan.
Off-premises station 10 is connected with indoor set 30 through two refrigerant pipings 17,18.Refrigerant piping 17 circulates for the cold-producing medium of liquid, adopts the pipe arrangement thinner than refrigerant piping 18.Therefore refrigerant piping 17 also claims " liquid pipe ", " tubule " etc.Refrigerant piping 18 circulates for the cold-producing medium of gas, adopts the pipe arrangement thicker than refrigerant piping 17.Therefore refrigerant piping 18 also claims " tracheae ", " extra heavy pipe " etc.Cold-producing medium such as adopts R410A, R32 etc. of HFC system.
The refrigerant piping be connected in the inside of off-premises station 10 and with refrigerant piping 17 is provided with two-port valve 19.The refrigerant piping be connected with refrigerant piping 18 is provided with triple valve 20.When outdoor, machine 10 takes off refrigerant piping 17,18, two-port valve 19 and triple valve 20 are closed, with prevent cold-producing medium outdoor machine 10 drain to outside.When needing machine 10 outdoor or from when comprising the whole kind of refrigeration cycle refrigerant release of indoor set 30, being discharged by triple valve 20.
Indoor set 30, the inside of casing 31 that is made up of synthetic resin member, be accommodated with indoor side heat exchanger 32, indoor pressure fan 33 etc.Indoor side heat exchanger 32 by by three heat exchangers 32A, 32B, 32C with pressure fan inside covering chamber 33, the mode of roof shape is combined to form.Any one or all of heat exchanger 32A, 32B, 32C can be made up of heat exchanger 50.Motor combines cross flow fan and forms indoor pressure fan 33.
For the running carrying out air conditioner 1 controls, temperature everywhere must be understood.For achieving the above object, in off-premises station 10 and indoor set 30, be configured with temperature detector.In off-premises station 10, outdoor heat exchanger 14 is provided with temperature detector 21.Compressor 12, the bleed pipe 12a that becomes blowing unit is provided with temperature detector 22.Compressor 12, the suction line 12b that becomes sucting is provided with temperature detector 23.Refrigerant piping between expansion valve 15 and two-port valve 19 is provided with temperature detector 24.The predetermined portion of casing 11 inside is provided with the measuring temperature detector 25 of outside air temperature.In indoor set 30, indoor side heat exchanger 32 is provided with temperature detector 34.Temperature detector 21,22,23,24,25,34 is all made up of thermistor.
What be responsible for air conditioner 1 overall control is the control part 40 shown in Fig. 5.Control part 40 controls, and makes indoor temperature reach the desired value of user's setting.
Control part 40 pairs of compressors 12, transfer valve 13, expansion valve 15, outside pressure fan 16 and the instruction of indoor pressure fan 33 sending action.In addition control part 40 receives the output signal of detected temperatures respectively from temperature detector 21 ~ 25 and temperature detector 34.Control part 40, with reference to from the output signal of temperature detector 21 ~ 25 and temperature detector 34, sends operation instruction to compressor 12, outside pressure fan 16 and indoor pressure fan 33.Control part 40 pairs of transfer valves 13 and expansion valve 15 send the instruction that state switches.
Fig. 1 represents that air conditioner 1 carries out the state of cooling operation or defrosting running.Circulate when now compressor 12 is to freeze, the circulation pattern that first cold-producing medium namely sprayed from compressor 12 enters outdoor heat exchanger 14 makes refrigerant circulation.
Enter outdoor heat exchanger 14 from the cold-producing medium of the HTHP of compressor 12 ejection, carry out heat exchange with outdoor air there.Cold-producing medium dispels the heat to outdoor air and condenses.Become after cohesion liquid cold-producing medium outdoor side heat exchanger 14 enter expansion valve 15, reduce pressure there.Post-decompression cold-producing medium is sent to indoor side heat exchanger 32, becomes low-temp low-pressure after expansion, and the surface temperature of indoor side heat exchanger 32 is declined.The indoor side heat exchanger 32 that surface temperature declines air heat absorption indoor, indoor so cooled.After heat absorption, the gasiform cold-producing medium of low temperature returns compressor 12.The air-flow generated by outside pressure fan 16 promotes the heat radiation of side heat exchanger 14 outdoor.The air-flow generated by indoor pressure fan 33 promotes the heat absorption of indoor side heat exchanger 32.
Fig. 2 represents that air conditioner 1 carries out heating the state of running.Now transfer valve 13 is switched, the flow direction of cold-producing medium is contrary with during cooling operation.When compressor 12 is to heat circulate, namely from compressor 12 spray cold-producing medium first enter indoor side heat exchanger 32 circulation pattern, make refrigerant circulation.
Enter indoor side heat exchanger 32 from the cold-producing medium of the HTHP of compressor 12 ejection, carry out heat exchange with room air there.Cold-producing medium dispels the heat to room air, and indoor are heated.Dispel the heat and become after condensing liquid cold-producing medium indoor side heat exchanger 32 enter expansion valve 15, reduce pressure there.Post-decompression cold-producing medium is sent to outdoor heat exchanger 14, becomes low-temp low-pressure after expansion, and the surface temperature of outdoor heat exchanger 14 is declined.The outdoor heat exchanger 14 that surface temperature declines air heat absorption outdoor.After heat absorption, the gasiform cold-producing medium of low temperature returns compressor 12.The air-flow generated by outside pressure fan 33 promotes the heat radiation of side heat exchanger 33 indoor.The air-flow generated by outside pressure fan 16 promotes the heat absorption of outdoor heat exchanger 14.
When heating running, outdoor heat exchanger 14 carries out absorbing heat, the outdoor moisture frosting contained by air is also attached on outdoor heat exchanger 14.Due to frost make to be declined by the air quantity of outdoor heat exchanger 14, heat exchanger effectiveness also declines, so must be removed by frost in defrosting operation.Feature of the present invention carried out preparation defrosting before defrosting operation.Below, with reference to Fig. 6 to Figure 14, preparation defrosting is described.
Fig. 6,7 curve map in, the longitudinal axis represents heating capacity, horizontal axis representing time.Under control mode in the past shown in Fig. 6, heat running and start the rising of rear heating capacity, keep high heating capacity to a certain moment.At a time because frosting makes heating capacity sharply decline, so stop heating running and entering defrosting operation, start again to heat running after completing defrosting operation.When carrying out reversion defrosting (identical with during cooling operation by the flowing of cold-producing medium being set to, using the defrosting of off-premises station as condenser side) in defrosting operation, need the defrosting time of certain length.Therefore, user must restrain oneself the continuous decline of room temperature during this period.
Fig. 7 represents the concept utilizing preparation Defrost mode of the present invention.Before common formal defrosting operation (claiming after in this description " usually defrosting "), by repeating preparation defrosting, extend to as far as possible defrosting usually heat running during.
The control of preparation defrosting running is carried out as illustrated in the flowchart of Figure 8 by control part 40.Heat after running starts, in step #101, control part 40 judges whether satisfied usual defrosting condition.Enter step #102 when being judged as "No", be judged as that "Yes" then enters step #109.
After entering step #109, control part 40 performs usual defrosting.Circulating when circulation is switched to refrigeration when heating here, by making the flow of refrigerant of HTHP enter outdoor heat exchanger 14, carrying out the defrosting of outdoor heat exchanger 14.Usually defrost end after the stipulated time, heats running and recover.Flow process returns step #101.
In step #102, control part 40 judges whether to meet preparation defrosting condition.Enter step #103 when being judged as "Yes", be judged as that "No" then returns step #101.
In step #102, control part 40 judges whether develop in the frosting of outdoor heat exchanger 14 acceptance condition (hereinafter referred to as " frosting judgement " in this description) meeting preparation defrosting.It is judge that outdoor heat exchanger 14 has tied thin frost that frosting judges, the various judgment standards of the following stated can be adopted to judge.
The first judgment standard that frosting judges is the change of the detected temperatures of additional setting, temperature detector 21 on outdoor heat exchanger 14.When the detected temperatures of temperature detector 21 reaches below setting, control part 40 is judged as " frosting ".
The second judgment standard that frosting judges is the curent change of outside pressure fan 16.If the frosting development of outdoor heat exchanger 14, then the ventilation resistance of outdoor heat exchanger 14 increases, and the electric current flowing through outside pressure fan 16 changes.When changing more than the electric current generation setting of outside pressure fan 16, control part 40 is judged as " frosting ".
The 3rd judgment standard that frosting judges is the air quantity of the air-flow by outdoor heat exchanger 14.For this reason, in the air-flow by outdoor heat exchanger 14, air volume meter (not shown) is configured.If the frosting development of outdoor heat exchanger 14, then the ventilation resistance of outdoor heat exchanger 14 increases, and is declined by the air quantity of outdoor heat exchanger 14.Time more than air quantity decline setting, control part 40 is judged as " frosting ".
The 4th judgment standard that frosting judges is the time.When heat running start the later stipulated time do not perform aftermentioned first preparation defrosting running or the second preparation defrost operate time, or after preparation defrosting running last time first or the second preparation defrosting operate, the stipulated time, control part 40 was judged as " frosting " when not performing the first preparation defrosting running or the second preparation defrosting running.
Step #103 is entered after control part 40 carries out frosting judgement.In step #103, control part 40 carries out outside air temperature judgement.That is, judge outside air temperature be higher than or lower than set point of temperature (such as+2 DEG C).Enter step #104 subsequently.From then on preparation defrosting is started.
In step #104, control part 40 changes the aperture of expansion valve 15.When the outside air temperature that step #103 measures reaches more than set point of temperature, control part 40 performs the first preparation defrosting running of the aperture reducing expansion valve 15.If the outside air temperature measured in step #103 is less than set point of temperature, then control part 40 performs the second preparation defrosting running of the aperture strengthening expansion valve 15.
First preparation defrosting running utilizes the aperture reducing expansion valve 15 that cold-producing medium is not easily flowed, and in this condition by making the air-flow flowing through more than set point of temperature in outdoor heat exchanger 14, the frost of attachment on outdoor heat exchanger 14 is melted.Described first defrosting running is suitable for the high situation of outside air temperature.
When the outside air temperature measured in step #103 is less than set point of temperature, control part 40 performs the second preparation defrosting running of the aperture strengthening expansion valve 15.By strengthening the aperture of expansion valve 15, being flowed in a large number in outdoor heat exchanger 14 by the cold-producing medium after indoor side heat exchanger 32, utilizing the heat entrained by this cold-producing medium that the frost of attachment on outdoor heat exchanger 14 is melted.Described second defrosting running is suitable for the low situation of outside air temperature.
The effect of the first preparation defrosting running and the second preparation defrosting running is described according to Fig. 9 to Figure 11.As an example, Fig. 9 represents the separate air conditioner adopting average heating capacity to be about 2400W, the experimental result of carrying out under the condition of outdoor dry-bulb temperature 2 DEG C, outdoor wet-bulb temperature 1 DEG C, Indoor Dry bulb temperature 20 DEG C.
In the table of Fig. 9, " usually defrosting " is the heating mode of operation not carrying out preparing defrosting running, only carrying out defrosting usually." expansion valve full cut-off " is the heating mode of operation with the first preparation defrosting running, and the aperture of expansion valve is set to the heating mode of operation of " full cut-off "." expansion valve standard-sized sheet " is the heating mode of operation with the second preparation defrosting running, and the aperture of expansion valve is set to the heating mode of operation of " standard-sized sheet "." average heating capacity " refers to, heating capacity that running has just terminated rear execution, that usually defrost in the time (1 cycle) terminating is heated to described with from heating running, divided by the numerical value that the time in described 1 cycle obtains, unit kW or W." heat the duration of runs " and be the time in described 1 cycle.
The table of Fig. 9 combines above-mentioned " usually defrosting ", " expansion valve full cut-off ", " expansion valve standard-sized sheet " three overlaps experimental result.Here " frosting " carried out using the time as judgment standard judges.On average heat running ability 2384 in the experiment of " usually defrost ", heat the duration of runs be 32 points 35 seconds.Perform total 7 times first preparation defrosting running in the experiment of " expansion valve full cut-off ", on average heat running ability 2497, heat the duration of runs be 58 points 50 seconds.Perform total 4 times second preparation defrosting running in the experiment of " expansion valve standard-sized sheet ", on average heat running ability 2528, heat the duration of runs be 55 points 50 seconds.
The data drawing list of heating capacity average in the table of Fig. 9 is turned to Figure 10.Figure 11 is turned to equally by heating the data drawing list of the duration of runs in the table of Fig. 9.
From Fig. 9 ~ Figure 11, by being set as performing usually defrosting after put rules into practice number of times first preparation defrosting running or the second preparation defrosting running, on average heat running ability raising, and heat and also extend the duration of runs.
It is the short period that the expansion valve of the aperture of preferred reduction or increasing expansion valve 15 changes the time.As shown in figure 12, in the preparation defrosting running that expansion valve opening reduces, as long as the effect that expansion valve about the 50 seconds time of change just can bring average heating capacity to improve, and the effect that the longer time improves average heating capacity is very little.Therefore the time span of the first preparation defrosting running is set to about 50 seconds.In addition in the preparation defrosting running that expansion valve opening strengthens, as long as the effect that expansion valve about the 30 seconds time of change just can bring average heating capacity to improve, and the effect that average heating capacity of longer time improves.Therefore the time span of the second preparation defrosting running is set to about 30 seconds as well.Consider because of the deviation existing for the kind of frosting state and heat exchanger, comprise the first preparation defrosting running and the second preparation defrosting running, preparation defrosts the time of implementation operated, preferably each less than 1 minute.
Exceed the number of times that preparation defrosting running is set.As shown in Figure 13 (valve full cut-off), when the number of repetition of the first preparation defrosting running reaches about 6 times, average heating capacity is just improved.Therefore, substantially above-mentioned number of times is set as the number of repetition of the first preparation defrosting running.The number of repetition of number of repetition also with the first preparation defrosting running of the second preparation defrosting running sets equally.
The flow chart returning Fig. 8 goes on to say.Step #105 is entered from step #104.In step #105, control part 40 changes the revolution of outside pressure fan 16.
As shown in the curve map (valve standard-sized sheet) of Figure 14, when the revolution of usual outside pressure fan 16 rises, average heating capacity improves.Therefore the revolution of outside pressure fan 16 is made to increase in step #105.Only in execution first defrosts running or the second defrosting running, the revolution of outside pressure fan 16 is made to increase.
Step #106 is entered from step #105.In step #106, control part 40 changes the revolution of compressor 12.For reducing the flowing of cold-producing medium in first preparation defrosting running, the revolution of compressor 12 is declined.In the second preparation defrosting running, due to a large amount of with the refrigerant flow direction outdoor heat exchanger 14 of heat, so make the revolution of compressor 12 rise.In execution first defrosts running or the second defrosting running, only change the revolution of compressor 12.
In step #107, control part 40 investigates the time that whether have passed through and set as the first preparation defrosting running or the time set as the second preparation defrosting running.If through the time set as the first preparation defrosting running or the time set as the second preparation defrosting running, then entered step #108.
In step #108, control part 40 makes the revolution of outside pressure fan 16 and compressor 12 restore.In addition the aperture of expansion valve 15 is returned near former aperture.Why making its aperture keep " near former aperture ", is because of rear with preparation defrosting, white different to outdoor heat exchanger 14 adhering mode before preparing defrosting, so the best aperture of expansion valve 15 is different.Therefore, the aperture of expansion valve 15 is returned, reached the best aperture after preparation defrosting.Step #101 is returned after step #108.
By preparation defrosting, the state that outdoor heat exchanger 14 can be made to keep for a long time heat exchanger effectiveness that frosting is few is good, thus also brings energy-conservation effect.
The table of Figure 15 and the graphical representation of Figure 16 investigate effect that difficult frosting controls to bring whether because of experimental result that the form of heat exchanger is different and different, described difficult frosting controls to be when heating running, by carrying out preparation defrosting, frost is not easily attached on outdoor heat exchanger.In table and curve map, " F & T " represents fin tube type heat exchanger, and " AL-PFC " represents the cross-flow type parallel flow type heat exchanger of full aluminium.
Experimental result shows, even if fin tube type heat exchanger carries out difficult frosting control, its average heating capacity also not too rises.And in the cross-flow type parallel flow type heat exchanger of full aluminium, utilize difficult frosting control, on average heating capacity to improve 6%.It can thus be appreciated that when adopting the high parallel flow type heat exchanger of heat exchanger effectiveness as outdoor heat exchanger, effect of the present invention is especially remarkable.Its reason is as follows.That is, parallel flow type heat exchanger utilizes its high efficiency heat radiation sheet to make the surface temperature of fin close to refrigerant temperature, can reduce temperature further.Its result, the temperature difference of the surface temperature of outdoor air and outdoor heat exchanger becomes greatly, easy frosting on outdoor heat exchanger.On the other hand, fin efficiency height makes again frost be more prone to when dissolving conversely.In addition, parallel flow type heat exchanger easily hinders ventilation due to narrow space, frost between fin, thus than other forms of heat exchanger more can obtain that difficult frosting controls to bring, suppress to hinder the effect of ventilating.
As the air conditioner of object of the present invention, be not limited to the air conditioner using parallel flow type heat exchanger and fin tube type heat exchanger as heat exchanger.Also be applicable to the off-premises station defrosting of radiant type air conditioner, described radiant type air conditioner and indoor set are not relied on pressure fan but are made the air conditioner of indoor air circulation form by free convection.
Above, describe embodiments of the present invention, but scope of the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned embodiment.Not departing from the scope of the inventive concept, various change can be implemented.
Industrial applicibility
The present invention can be widely used in the air conditioner of heat pump mode.
The explanation of Reference numeral
1 air conditioner
10 off-premises stations
11 casings
12 compressors
13 transfer valves
14 outdoor heat exchangers
15 expansion valves
16 outside pressure fan
17,18 refrigerant pipings
21 temperature detectors
30 indoor sets
31 casings
32 indoor side heat exchangers
33 indoor pressure fan
40 control parts
Claims (6)
1. an air conditioner, is characterized in that comprising:
Outdoor heat exchanger;
Indoor side heat exchanger;
Be configured in the expansion valve between described outdoor heat exchanger and described indoor side heat exchanger;
Compressor, makes cold-producing medium circulate in the kind of refrigeration cycle comprising described outdoor heat exchanger, described indoor side heat exchanger and described expansion valve;
Transfer valve, by the refrigerant circulation of described compressor circulation and switching between circulation when heating when freezing, during described refrigeration when circulation, first the cold-producing medium sprayed from described compressor enters described outdoor heat exchanger; Described when heating when circulation, first the cold-producing medium sprayed from described compressor enters described indoor side heat exchanger; And
The control part of described air conditioner,
When heating running, the stage of described control part before the defrosting operation of described outdoor heat exchanger, the second preparation defrosting running of the first preparation defrosting running that can perform the aperture reducing described expansion valve or the aperture strengthening described expansion valve.
2. air conditioner according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described control part, after put rules into practice the first preparation defrosting running described in number of times or described second preparation defrosting running, performs the defrosting operation of described outdoor heat exchanger.
3. air conditioner according to claim 1 and 2, is characterized in that, described control part performs described first preparation defrosting running when outside air temperature reaches more than set point of temperature, performs described second preparation defrosting running when outside air temperature is less than set point of temperature.
4. air conditioner as claimed in any of claims 1 to 3, is characterized in that, circulates when cyclic switching during described heating is described refrigeration by described control part in described defrosting operation.
5. air conditioner as claimed in any of claims 1 to 4, is characterized in that, described control part, to be judged as opportunity for the frosting of described outdoor heat exchanger, performs described first preparation defrosting running and described second preparation defrosting running.
6. air conditioner according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, described control part is according to the change of the detected temperatures of the temperature detector arranged additional on described outdoor heat exchanger, or described outdoor heat exchanger adds the curent change of the outside pressure fan arranged, or measure by the air quantity of the air-flow of described outdoor heat exchanger, the measurement result of air volume meter, or do not perform the length of the time of described first preparation defrosting running or described second preparation defrosting running, carry out described frosting judgement.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2013-005248 | 2013-01-16 | ||
| JP2013005248A JP5997060B2 (en) | 2013-01-16 | 2013-01-16 | Air conditioner |
| PCT/JP2013/085080 WO2014112322A1 (en) | 2013-01-16 | 2013-12-27 | Air conditioner |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104903656A true CN104903656A (en) | 2015-09-09 |
| CN104903656B CN104903656B (en) | 2017-10-24 |
Family
ID=51209424
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201380069758.4A Expired - Fee Related CN104903656B (en) | 2013-01-16 | 2013-12-27 | Air conditioner |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP5997060B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN104903656B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2014112322A1 (en) |
Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105157117A (en) * | 2015-10-20 | 2015-12-16 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Air conditioning system and control method thereof |
| CN109564010A (en) * | 2016-08-09 | 2019-04-02 | 松下知识产权经营株式会社 | Air conditioner |
| CN109564036A (en) * | 2016-08-12 | 2019-04-02 | 夏普株式会社 | Air regulator |
| CN110836498A (en) * | 2018-08-17 | 2020-02-25 | 青岛海尔空调器有限总公司 | Defrosting control method for air conditioner |
| CN110836447A (en) * | 2018-08-17 | 2020-02-25 | 青岛海尔空调器有限总公司 | Defrosting control method for air conditioner |
| CN110836481A (en) * | 2018-08-17 | 2020-02-25 | 青岛海尔空调器有限总公司 | Defrosting control method for air conditioner |
| CN110836446A (en) * | 2018-08-17 | 2020-02-25 | 青岛海尔空调器有限总公司 | Defrosting control method for air conditioner |
| CN113251473A (en) * | 2020-01-28 | 2021-08-13 | Lg电子株式会社 | Air conditioner |
| CN113874664A (en) * | 2019-05-23 | 2021-12-31 | 三菱电机株式会社 | Refrigeration cycle device, refrigeration cycle control system, and refrigeration cycle control method |
| CN114543264A (en) * | 2022-01-24 | 2022-05-27 | 青岛海尔空调器有限总公司 | Air conditioner and defrosting control method thereof |
| CN114688607A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2022-07-01 | 宁波奥克斯电气股份有限公司 | Air conditioner control method and device and air conditioner |
| CN115654659A (en) * | 2022-11-04 | 2023-01-31 | 青岛海尔空调器有限总公司 | Control method and control device of air conditioner and air conditioner |
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| CN108444047A (en) * | 2018-02-14 | 2018-08-24 | 青岛海尔空调器有限总公司 | Air conditioner defrosting control method |
| CN113203243B (en) * | 2021-05-24 | 2022-04-08 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Defrosting detection method and system, storage medium and defrosting device |
| CN117581075A (en) * | 2021-07-07 | 2024-02-20 | 三菱电机株式会社 | Heat exchanger and refrigeration cycle device |
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- 2013-01-16 JP JP2013005248A patent/JP5997060B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2013-12-27 CN CN201380069758.4A patent/CN104903656B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2013-12-27 WO PCT/JP2013/085080 patent/WO2014112322A1/en active Application Filing
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| JPH06281299A (en) * | 1993-03-30 | 1994-10-07 | Toshiba Corp | Defrosting control system for air conditioner |
| JP2005147609A (en) * | 2003-11-19 | 2005-06-09 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Heat pump water heater |
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| CN105157117A (en) * | 2015-10-20 | 2015-12-16 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Air conditioning system and control method thereof |
| CN105157117B (en) * | 2015-10-20 | 2018-10-26 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | A kind of air-conditioning system and its control method |
| CN109564010A (en) * | 2016-08-09 | 2019-04-02 | 松下知识产权经营株式会社 | Air conditioner |
| CN109564036A (en) * | 2016-08-12 | 2019-04-02 | 夏普株式会社 | Air regulator |
| CN110836446B (en) * | 2018-08-17 | 2021-08-31 | 重庆海尔空调器有限公司 | Defrosting control method for air conditioner |
| CN110836481A (en) * | 2018-08-17 | 2020-02-25 | 青岛海尔空调器有限总公司 | Defrosting control method for air conditioner |
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| CN110836447A (en) * | 2018-08-17 | 2020-02-25 | 青岛海尔空调器有限总公司 | Defrosting control method for air conditioner |
| CN110836447B (en) * | 2018-08-17 | 2021-08-31 | 重庆海尔空调器有限公司 | Defrosting control method for air conditioner |
| CN110836498A (en) * | 2018-08-17 | 2020-02-25 | 青岛海尔空调器有限总公司 | Defrosting control method for air conditioner |
| CN110836481B (en) * | 2018-08-17 | 2021-11-23 | 青岛海尔空调器有限总公司 | Defrosting control method for air conditioner |
| CN110836498B (en) * | 2018-08-17 | 2021-11-23 | 青岛海尔空调器有限总公司 | Defrosting control method for air conditioner |
| CN113874664B (en) * | 2019-05-23 | 2024-02-23 | 三菱电机株式会社 | Refrigeration cycle device, refrigeration cycle control system, and refrigeration cycle control method |
| CN113874664A (en) * | 2019-05-23 | 2021-12-31 | 三菱电机株式会社 | Refrigeration cycle device, refrigeration cycle control system, and refrigeration cycle control method |
| CN113251473A (en) * | 2020-01-28 | 2021-08-13 | Lg电子株式会社 | Air conditioner |
| US11519645B2 (en) | 2020-01-28 | 2022-12-06 | Lg Electronics Inc. | Air conditioning apparatus |
| CN114688607A (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2022-07-01 | 宁波奥克斯电气股份有限公司 | Air conditioner control method and device and air conditioner |
| CN114688607B (en) * | 2020-12-31 | 2023-09-01 | 宁波奥克斯电气股份有限公司 | Air conditioner control method and device and air conditioner |
| CN114543264A (en) * | 2022-01-24 | 2022-05-27 | 青岛海尔空调器有限总公司 | Air conditioner and defrosting control method thereof |
| CN115654659A (en) * | 2022-11-04 | 2023-01-31 | 青岛海尔空调器有限总公司 | Control method and control device of air conditioner and air conditioner |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP5997060B2 (en) | 2016-09-21 |
| WO2014112322A1 (en) | 2014-07-24 |
| CN104903656B (en) | 2017-10-24 |
| JP2014137165A (en) | 2014-07-28 |
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