CN104897486A - Electromagnetic torsional split-Hopkinson bar loading device - Google Patents
Electromagnetic torsional split-Hopkinson bar loading device Download PDFInfo
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- CN104897486A CN104897486A CN201510257557.8A CN201510257557A CN104897486A CN 104897486 A CN104897486 A CN 104897486A CN 201510257557 A CN201510257557 A CN 201510257557A CN 104897486 A CN104897486 A CN 104897486A
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Abstract
Disclosed is an electromagnetic torsional split-Hopkinson bar loading device, which comprises power supplies, an electric energy storing and releasing device, and a torsional gun. The torsional gun communicates with the electric energy storing and releasing device via conducting wires, and the electric energy storing and releasing device communicates with power supplies. The electric energy storing and releasing device is used for supplying an instantaneous strong current to a stator coil of the torsional gun, so that the stator coil generates electromagnetic force to a rotator on a permanent magnet, and the rotator is allowed to rotate to generate an instantaneous torque. The torsional gun is composed of the stator and the rotator, generates the instantaneous torque, converts the instantaneous torque into a torsional wave, and outputs the torsional wave to a torsional split-Hopkinson bar via a rotor shaft. The amplitude of a torsional stress actually generated is controlled via the charging voltage of the electric energy storing and releasing device, and the width of a torsional stress wave actually generated is controlled by adjusting the capacitance of the electric energy storing and releasing device. A conventional torsional split-Hopkinson bar sample is adopted, and torsion loading of a material can be performed at an anticipated pulse amplitude and pulse width. The whole device is simple to operate and has strong controllability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to charger and the experimental technique of the dynamic torsion Mechanics Performance Testing of material, is a kind of electromagnetic type split-Hopkinson torsional bar charger and test method specifically, and described device can as the charger of separate type split-Hopkinson torsional bar experiment.
Background technology
Although Hopkinson stretches, gas booster compressor be widely used in measure Material compression under high strain-rate, mechanical property when stretching.But depression bar and pull bar are all adopt axial loading method, compression and stretching compressional wave are when propagating, and waveguide rod is out of shape with mirror image, produce transverse inertia domino effect, produce the friction of dispersion of waves and sample end face, affect precision; And reverse Hopkinson experimental facilities without three-dimensional problem, without transverse inertia impact, there is not the friction effect of sample end face.Therefore reverse Hopkinson experiment more and more to be paid attention to.
The load mode reversing Hopkinson equipment has: 1. store the unexpected delivery mode of strain energy; 2. pneumatically loading mode; 3. explosively loading mode.The torsion Hopkinson equipment that the people such as Bake (Baker) propose in the 33rd interim Strain-rate effects in the propagation of torsion plastic waves mono-literary compositions delivered in 1996 of Journal of Applied Mechanics, its clamping mechanism is made up of slide block, when air rifle cartridge hits slide block, clamp loosens, when the torque pulse forward position of generation rises and rate of strain be respectively 30us and 10
3s
-1; The torsion Hopkinson equipment that the people such as Campbell (Campbell) propose in 37 interim On the use of a torsional split Hopkinson bar to study rate effects in 1100-0 aluminum mono-literary compositions delivered in 1971 of Journal of Applied Mechanics, clamp structure is made up of with steel wire two semicircle bridges watt, when steel wire is broken, clamp loosens, when its forward position rises and rate of strain be respectively 50us and 10
2s
-1.In addition, also have some scholars to attempt using explosive manner and pneumatic load mode to carry out torsion to load.At present, in torsion Hopkinson bar experimental technique, most proven technique or energy storage type load mode, the shortcoming of this load mode is that the generation time of distorting stress ripple cannot effectively control, and the torsion wavelength produced limits by the length of incident bar.
Traditional split-Hopkinson torsional bar load mode is all mechanical load, and the generation time of torsional wave is difficult to control.Material dynamic mechanical test in, sometimes need test material reverse and stretch or reverse and compression compound loading under mechanical property.These two kinds of compound loading modes require that torsional wave and stretching ripple or torsional wave and wave of compression arrive the end face of sample simultaneously, and this requirement strictly can control the beginning travel-time of torsional wave and stretching ripple or torsional wave and wave of compression.And the mechanical load mode of traditional Hopkinson bar is cannot the generation of strict proof stress ripple and travel-time.For this reason, the Hopkinson lever system of compound loading is difficult to develop always.
The sixties in 20th century, Boeing Co. was for solving common riveted joint Problems existing, to be taken the lead in beginning one's study Electromagnetic riveting technology by people such as Huber A Schmitt, and applied for the patent (United States Patent (USP): 3961739, on May 7th, 1974) of electromagnetic riveting device.The U.S. succeeded in developing low voltage electromagnetic riveted joint (European patent: 0293257, on May 27th, 1988) afterwards, solved high pressure and was riveted on riveting quality and applies aspect Problems existing, thus Electromagnetic riveting technology is comparatively fast developed.Electromagnetic riveting technology is applied in Boeing, the manufacture of Air Passenger series aircraft.Nowadays, low voltage electromagnetic riveting technology is full-fledged, and the size of rivet force and duration obtain more accurate control.The know-why of electromagnetic rivet driver is: between discharge coil and workpiece, add a coil and Stress-amplifier.The moment that discharge switch is closed, by fast-changing dash current in main coil, around coil, produce high-intensity magnetic field.The secondary coil be coupled with main coil produces induction current under strong magnetic field action, and then produces eddy current magnetism, and two magnetic field interactions produce eddy current repulsion, and reach rivet by amplifier, and rivet is shaped.The very high frequency of eddy current power, propagates with the form of stress wave in amplifier and rivet, therefore electromagnetic riveting also claims stress wave to rivet.Air gun in traditional split hopkinson press bar and drop bar is replaced if the principle of electromagnetic rivet driver be applied in split hopkinson press bar, produced by electromagnetic repulsion force and directly produce stress wave, the standardization of split hopkinson press bar experimental technique will be made to become possibility.And the loading of low strain dynamic rate can be carried out with sufficiently long stress pulse to sample, realize the low strain dynamic rate that some traditional Hopkinson bars cannot realize.Northwestern Polytechnical University in 2014 proposes a kind of split hopkinson press bar device loaded based on electromagnetic force in the utility model patent of ZL 2,014 2 0198611.7, be the split hopkinson press bar device loaded based on electromagnetic force proposing a kind of improvement in the patent of invention of 201410161610.X at application number.Two kinds of stretchings based on electromagnetic force and compression stress wave producer and experimental technique is proposed in the innovation and creation that Northwestern Polytechnical University is respectively 201410173843.1 and 201410171963.8 at application number, described experimental provision is by directly applying to Hopkinson pressure bar experiment device by electromagnetic rivet driver device thus realizing loading the dynamic compression of sample, and the time that stress wave produces can accurately control.But for Hopkinson torsion device, still there is no a kind of Hopkinson torsion device that can control to produce stress wave.
Summary of the invention
For overcome exist in prior art can not the deficiency of proof stress ripple, the present invention proposes a kind of electromagnetic type split-Hopkinson torsional bar charger.
The present invention draws together power supply, electrical power storage and release and reverses rifle, and is communicated with release with electrical power storage by wire; Electrical power storage is communicated with power supply with release; It is characterized in that, described torsion rifle comprises rotor and 4 stators, and described each stator is uniform and be fixed on the inner circumferential surface of housing; When installing each stator, by identical for stator coil direction 2 stator symmetrical placement.During connection, the coil groups of formation series winding of the coil of 4 stators being contacted successively with wire; The positive terminal of described coil groups is connected with the positive pole output line of release with electrical power storage, the anode connector of described coil groups is connected with the negative pole output line of release with electrical power storage.
The square coil that described stator coil is made up of stator coil and coil housing, wherein:
Upper surface and the lower surface of described stator coil are respectively arc surface, form respectively exterior arc surface and the inner arc surface of stator coil.Described stator coil is the gap adopting the mode of Linear cut to form " returning " font on copper billet, and fills insulating tape in described gap, defines the insulation course between stator coil circle and circle, and this copper billet reserve part then becomes the circle of coil.In described 4 stator coils, the direction of 2 stator coils is that the direction of 2 stator coils is counterclockwise clockwise.Be processed with positive terminal at the starting point place of stator coil outermost turn, be processed with anode connector at the destination county of the interior circle of stator coil.The ratio of described thickness of insulating layer and coil turn thickness is 1/2 ~ 1/3.
The xsect of described coil housing is fan-shaped; The exterior arc surface of this coil housing and the inner arc surface of housing cooperatively interact; Clearance fit between the inner arc surface of this coil housing and rotor.This coil housing there is the mounting groove of stator coil.The lower surface of coil housing is bottom land.Described coil housing lower surface is arc surface, and the curvature of this arc surface is identical with the curvature of stator coil inner arc surface.Described coil housing there is mounting hole.
Described torsion rifle also comprises housing and case lid, and the circumferential wall of described housing is along the circumferential direction evenly distributed with 4 square aperture, and each opening is 1/6 of this housing circumferential lengths in the length of housing axis.There is the through hole for installing rotor shaft bearings at case lid center.The external diameter of case lid is identical with the external diameter of housing.
Rotor comprises magnet and armature spindle: wherein said magnet comprises rotor case and 4 permanent magnets; Described each permanent magnet is arc bulk, and each permanent magnet both side surface is the inclined-plane of angle α=30 °, and the length of external arc is less than the length of Inner arc.Described permanent magnet exterior arc surface and inner arc surface are pole surface.Wherein the exterior arc surface of two permanent magnets is N pole, and inner arc surface is S pole; The inner arc surface of two permanent magnets is N pole, and exterior arc surface is S pole;
Described rotor case housing is evenly equipped with 4 strip through-holes for setting-in permanent magnet.
The present invention is used for the loading of split-Hopkinson torsional bar by being produced torsional moment instantaneously by electromagnetic force.Owing to being loaded by the mode of electricity, the generation time of torsional wave can strictly control.Synchronism problem during complex loading can be solved.
4 stator coils are installed in series in the circuit of described electrical power storage and release by the power pack that electrical power storage and release adopt 1 to overlap existing electromagnetic rivetter.The major function of described electrical power storage and release is by power supply store electrical energy, then discharged suddenly by stored electric energy to 4 stator coils, be magnetic field energy by electric energy conversion in described stator coil, thus rotor driven rotates, realize electric energy to magnetic energy, magnetic energy is to the conversion of mechanical energy.First 4 stator coils are connected into a series connection sets of stator coils, described electrical power storage is connected by wire with anode connector with the positive terminal in corresponding series connection sets of stator coils with negative pole output line respectively with the positive pole output line of release.
During use, after completing charging, discharging thyristor is output control signals to by PLC, make described discharging thyristor conducting, the road capacitor discharging circuit that the energy stored in energy-storage capacitor is formed through discharging thyristor, stator coil discharges, thus the discharge current that the generation time cycle is short, amplitude is higher.
Described discharge current produces moment electromagnetic field in the stator coils, make to produce electromagnetic repulsion force between epitrochanterian permanent magnet and stator coil, described electromagnetic repulsion force makes rotor produce instantaneous torque, described moment of torsion imports the incident bar of split-Hopkinson torsional bar into the form of torsional wave, when this incident wave reaches incident bar and sample contacts face, because wave impedance is not mated, a part for this incident wave is reflected, reflection wave is formed in incident bar, another part is then transmitted in transmission bar by sample, forms transmitted wave.The shape of described reflection wave and transmitted wave and amplitude are determined by sample material character.Incident wave and reflection wave signal are recorded by the foil gauge be pasted onto on incident bar by data acquisition system (DAS), are recorded by the signal of transmitted wave by being pasted onto the foil gauge on transmission bar.Utilize reflection wave and the transmitted wave signal of data acquisition system (DAS) record, obtained the dynamic distorting stress strain curve of sample by a ripple method.
The present invention utilizes electromagnetic force to fill and changes principle, produces moment electromagnetic torque, and by physical construction, torque axis is changed to torsional wave, for the experiment of split-Hopkinson torsional bar by electric control mode.Owing to adopting the mode of electric control, the stress wave generation time of electromagnetic type split-Hopkinson torsional bar bar shows exclusive superiority, by electronic switch, can the generation time of strict proof stress ripple.Which solves the synchronism problem under complex loading mode.
In the present invention, electromagnetic type Hopkinson bar torsion device is by reversing rifle and electrical power storage release forms.Electrical power storage release is used for providing instantaneous heavy current to the stator coil reversing rifle, thus makes stator coil produce electromagnetic force to epitrochanterian permanent magnet, rotor is rotated and produces instantaneous torque.Reverse rifle to be made up of rotor and stator, be used for producing instantaneous torque, and convert instantaneous torque to torsional wave, export to split-Hopkinson torsional bar by armature spindle.
By the electric discharge of electric energy in electrical power storage and release for rotor winding provides instantaneous forceful electric power source, because capacitor discharge time is shorter, discharge current is strong, the forceful electric power magnetic force producing moment between epitrochanterian permanent magnet and stator coil can be made, thus producing strong torsional moment, described torsional moment spreads out of from armature spindle with the form of torsional wave.As for the control system of electrical power storage and release, in electromagnetic rivetter, this technology is very ripe at present, can directly apply.
In the present invention, the actual distorting stress wave amplitude produced can be controlled by the charging voltage of electrical power storage and release, and the actual distorting stress wave width produced can be controlled by the capacitance of adjustment electrical power storage and release.
Electromagnetic force combines with capacitor discharge by the present invention in principle, to replace the energy storage charger in traditional separate type split-Hopkinson torsional bar system.Adopt traditional split-Hopkinson torsional bar sample, can carry out expecting that the torsion under pulse amplitude and pulse width loads to material, and whole system is simple to operate, controllability is strong.Owing to being controlled distorting stress ripple by electromagnetic mode, when the capacitance in electrical power storage and release is constant, the output distorting stress wave amplitude that same voltage is corresponding is also constant, when charging voltage is constant, the distorting stress wave width that same capacitance is corresponding is also constant, so the accurate control to distorting stress ripple can be realized, experiment reproducible; Secondly, owing to being load by electromagnetism the distorting stress ripple produced, the generation time of stress pulse can accurately control, and this makes the problem of the load mode of complex stress condition in synchronism be readily solved.Due to above advantage, apparatus of the present invention and method can realize traditional split hopkinson bar and test the control accuracy that is beyond one's reach, and split-Hopkinson torsional bar experimental technique is standardized; In addition, the present invention is combined with electromagnetic type stator coil, can compound loading be realized.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is composition schematic diagram of the present invention
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram reversing rifle;
Fig. 3 is the structural drawing of armature spindle, and wherein Fig. 3 a is front view, and Fig. 3 b is the A-A direction view of Fig. 3 a;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of rotor cover, and wherein Fig. 4 a is front view, and Fig. 4 b is the A-A direction view of Fig. 4 a;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of permanent magnet, and wherein Fig. 5 a is front view, and Fig. 5 b is the side view of Fig. 5 a;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of rotor case, and wherein Fig. 6 a is front view, and Fig. 6 b is the A-A direction view of Fig. 6 a;
Fig. 7 is the structural representation of case lid, and wherein Fig. 7 a is front view, and Fig. 7 b is the A-A direction view of Fig. 7 a;
Fig. 8 is shell structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 9 is stator coil structure schematic diagram;
Figure 10 is the structural representation of coil housing, and wherein Figure 10 a is front view, and Figure 10 b is the A-A direction view of Figure 10 a;
Figure 11 is the schematic diagram of rotor assembling, and wherein Figure 11 a is front view, and Figure 11 b is the cut-open view of Figure 11 a;
Figure 12 be stator with housing coordinate schematic diagram;
Figure 13 is the structural representation reversing rifle;
Figure 14 is twisting test schematic diagram.In figure:
1. conductor interface; 2. torsion rifle; 3. electrical power storage and release; 4. power supply; 5. housing; 6. stator; 7. rotor; 8. permanent magnet; 9. case lid; 10. bearing; 11. armature spindles; 12. rotor cover; 13. rotor case; 14. inner rings; 15. incident bars; 16. samples; 17. transmission bars; 18. foil gauges; 19. data acquisition system (DAS)s; 20. coil housings; 21. stator coils; 22. positive terminals; 23. anode connectors.
Embodiment
The present embodiment is a kind of electromagnetic type split-Hopkinson torsional bar charger and test method.
Described electromagnetic type split-Hopkinson torsional bar charger comprises power supply 4, electrical power storage and release 3 and reverses rifle 2.Wherein, described torsion rifle comprises rotor 7, form coil groups by between the joint 22 of 4 stators 6 reversed in rifle with wire series winding, the positive terminal of described coil and anode connector are connected with the positive pole output line of electrical power storage and release 3 and negative pole output line respectively.Described power supply 4 adopts the industrial three-phase alternating current of 380V.
In the present embodiment, electrical power storage and release 3 adopt and are published in the power pack that the patent No. is the electromagnetic rivetter in the patent of 200520079179, and the power pack of described electromagnetic riveting comprises condenser box and control box.In the present embodiment, Capacitor banks and electronic switch is comprised in condenser box, the capacitor part of described electrical power storage and release is by 10 impulse capacitors and joint group, the rated voltage of described impulse capacitor is 10000V, capacitance is 4mF, described Capacitor banks and electronic switch are installed in the condenser box of electrical power storage and release, by the electric discharge of electronic switch control capacitor group.Described control box mainly comprises PLC and control system thereof.Control system forms primarily of simulation control part, digital control part and digital display portion.Wherein simulation control part adopts the TCA785 chip of SIEMENS company.Digital control part exports expansion module EM235 by the serial CPU224 of the S7-200 of Siemens and Siemens's analog input and forms.Charging voltage controls mainly to be realized by the pid control mode of Voltage loop and electric current loop.Digital display portion is mainly by S7-200 series text display TD200 composition.
As shown in Figure 3.Reverse rifle 2 and comprise rotor 7, stator 6, housing 5 and case lid 9.
Housing 5 is cylindric, the 170mm of housing outer diameter described in the present embodiment, internal diameter 150, axial length is 190mm, make with Ly12, the circumferential wall of described housing is along the circumferential direction evenly distributed with 4 measure-alike square aperture, and each opening is 1/6 of this housing circumferential lengths in the length of housing 5 axis; Described 4 openings are uniformly distributed along the circumference of housing.The threaded hole installed and connect is evenly equipped with at the end face of described housing.
In the present embodiment, described opening is of a size of 65mm.
Stator 6 has 4, forms by stator coil 21 and coil housing 20.Stator coil structure in 4 stators 6 is identical, and difference is only that the direction of wherein 2 stator coils is clockwise, and the direction of 2 stator coils is counterclockwise.
The present embodiment is described for one of them clockwise stator coil.
Described stator coil is square coil, and the upper surface of stator coil and lower surface are respectively arc surface, form respectively exterior arc surface and the inner arc surface of stator coil.Described stator coil is the gap adopting the mode of Linear cut to form " returning " font on copper billet, and fills insulating tape in described gap, defines the insulation course between stator coil circle and circle, and this copper billet reserve part then becomes the circle of coil.Because described stator coil is clockwise direction, when processing coil circle, feed is from outermost turn clockwise direction internal cutting; Otherwise when stator coil be counterclockwise time, feed from outermost turn counterclockwise to internal cutting.Described in cutting on line during stator coil 21, be processed with positive terminal 22 at the starting point place of stator coil outermost turn, be processed with anode connector 23 at the destination county of the interior circle of stator coil.
The ratio of described thickness of insulating layer and coil turn thickness is 1/2 ~ 1/3.In the present embodiment, the thickness of insulation course is 2mm, and the thickness of each coil turn is 4mm.
The profile of described coil housing is rectangle, and its xsect is fan-shaped; The exterior arc surface of this coil housing and the inner arc surface of housing 5 cooperatively interact; Clearance fit between the inner arc surface of this coil housing and rotor 7.This coil housing there is the mounting groove of stator coil 21.The lower surface of coil housing is bottom land.Described coil housing lower surface is arc surface, and the curvature of this arc surface is identical with the curvature of stator coil inner arc surface.Described coil housing there is mounting hole.
Described stator coil setting-in is pasted onto in described coil housing by seccotine, defines stator 6.
4 stators 6 are distributed on the inner circumferential surface of housing 5, and are bolted.When installing each stator, by identical for stator coil direction 2 stator symmetrical placement.During connection, the coil groups of formation series winding of the coil of 4 stators being contacted successively with wire.
Case lid 9 is plate-like, and have the step axially protruded at the center that described case lid one is surperficial, there is the through hole for installing rotor shaft bearings at the center of this step.The external diameter of case lid 9 is identical with the external diameter of housing 5, is circumferentially evenly equipped with mounting hole on this case lid surface, and each mounting hole coordinates with each threaded hole being positioned at housing end face respectively.
Rotor 7 comprises magnet segment and hollow shaft-like armature spindle 11 part of minor diameter of large-diameter hollow cylindrical shape.Wherein the magnet segment of hollow cylindrical is made up of rotor case 13, inner ring 14, rotor cover 12 and 4 permanent magnets 8.
The shape and size of described 4 permanent magnets 8 are identical, are arc bulk.Described each permanent magnet 8 both side surface is the inclined-plane of angle α=30 °, and the length of external arc is less than the length of Inner arc.In the present embodiment, the exterior arc surface diameter of described permanent magnet is 150mm, and inner arc surface diameter is 130mm.
Described permanent magnet exterior arc surface and inner arc surface are pole surface.Wherein the exterior arc surface of two permanent magnets is N pole, and inner arc surface is S pole; The inner arc surface of two permanent magnets is N pole, and exterior arc surface is S pole;
Rotor case 13 is cylindric, and the internal diameter of described rotor case is all identical with external diameter with the internal diameter of permanent magnet 8 with external diameter.Described rotor case housing is evenly equipped with 4 strip through-holes for setting-in permanent magnet 8.At the threaded hole being circumferentially evenly equipped with multiple connection at described rotor case 13 two ends.
Rotor cover 12 is discoid, and the maximum outside diameter of this rotor disk is identical with the external diameter of rotor case 13.The tapped through hole coordinated with armature spindle 11 is had at the center of described rotor cover.Have the sleeve axially protruded in a panel surface of described rotor cover, the outside surface of this sleeve coordinates with the internal surface gaps of rotor case; Be evenly equipped with multiple threaded hole at the circumferential surface of described sleeve, and the center line of each threaded hole is all perpendicular to the center line of rotor cover, rotor cover is loaded after in rotor case, fixed by described each threaded hole, to limit relative motion therebetween.
Armature spindle 11 totally two, is respectively front armature spindle and rear armature spindle, and described front armature spindle is identical with rear armature spindle shape and size, and before the present embodiment, armature spindle is that example is described.
Armature spindle 11 is hollow solid of revolution, is divided into four sections, is followed successively by external thread section, positioning section, bearing section and female end.One end circumferential surface of described armature spindle is flank of thread, defines the external thread section of armature spindle, for being connected between this armature spindle and rotor cover, and is located by positioning section; The length of described positioning section is relevant with the position of the case lid of stator, and after stator loads the inside, the end face on armature spindle limits bearing and is in the middle dead eye of housing front and rear covers.The middle part of armature spindle is bearing section, for coordinating of this armature spindle and bearing.The bore area of the other end of described armature spindle is flank of thread, for the connection of this armature spindle 11 with incident bar.
Bearing 10 has two, is arranged on the bearing section of front and back armature spindle 11 respectively, for freely rotating of the location between rotor 7 and housing 5 and rotor 7.Bearing in the present embodiment selects cylindrical bearing, race diameter 45mm, and inner ring diameter is 25mm, and wide is 10mm.
When rotor 7 is installed, first by front rotor cover Screw assembly to rotor case 13 one end, then by inner ring 14 from the other end nested enter inside rotor case 13, the inside surface of rotor case 13 and the outside surface of inner ring 14 are bonded together by seccotine, after inner ring 14 puts into rotor case, rear rotor cover bolt is arranged on the other end of rotor case 13.After inner ring 14 and rotor cover 12 install, 4 tiles permanent magnets 8 are inlayed successively inside 4 rectangle openings of rotor case, during installation, the magnetic pole of the permanent magnet of adjacent position is contrary, the magnetic pole of the permanent magnet of relative position is identical, and the part that permanent magnet 8 contacts with rotor case 13 and inner ring 14 is bonded together by seccotine.Front and back armature spindle 11 is arranged in front and back rotor cover 12 respectively by screw thread.
4 stators 6 are arranged on the inside surface of housing 5 respectively by bolt, positive terminal and the anode connector of described stator coil 21 stretch out from the opening housing 5, the conductor interface of relevant position on housing 5 is connected in, on the positive terminal that the positive terminal of described conductor interface and anode connector are connected respectively to corresponding electrical power storage and release 3 and anode connector with wire access.
Rotor 7 is arranged on the inside of housing 5, front and back armature spindle 11 is provided with bearing 10, and described bearing is arranged in the central through hole of front and rear housings lid 9 respectively.Front and rear housings lid 9 is relative with the both ends of the surface of housing 5 affixed by bolt.
The power pack of existing electromagnetic rivetter is overlapped in electrical power storage and release 3 employing 1, is installed in series by 4 stator coils 21 in the circuit of described electrical power storage and release.The major function of described electrical power storage and release is by power supply store electrical energy, then being discharged suddenly by stored electric energy to 4 stator coils 21, be magnetic field energy, thus rotor driven 7 rotates in described stator coil by electric energy conversion, realize electric energy to magnetic energy, magnetic energy is to the conversion of mechanical energy.First 4 stator coils 21 are connected into a coil groups, described electrical power storage is connected by wire with anode connector with the positive terminal in corresponding coil groups with negative pole output line respectively with the positive pole output line of release.
Power supply selects 380V industry alternating voltage.
The present invention also proposes a kind of experimental technique of electromagnetic type Hopkinson bar torsion device, and experimental facilities comprises torsion rifle 2, incident bar 15, transmission bar 17 and sample 16.Described incident bar, transmission bar and sample structure all adopt the incident bar of conventional split-Hopkinson torsional bar, transmission bar and sample structure.Described experimentation is:
Step 1. is arranged equipment.
Sequentially be arranged on coaxial according to a conventional method to torsion rifle 2, incident bar 15 and transmission bar 17 on experiment table, and described incident bar and transmission bar are rotated freely.The internal thread segment of front armature spindle 11 and the incidence end of incident bar 15 of reversing rifle 2 are threaded connection.A sample 16 is arranged between incident bar 15 and transmission bar 17 according to a conventional method, and make sample 16 and incident bar 15 and transmission bar 17 coaxial.Rotor 7 is rotated, the angle between the line of same pole electromagnet on the permanent magnet line of same pole on rotor 7 and stator 6 is made to be 45 degree, in this position, when stator coil 21 discharges, moment of torsion suffered by rotor 7 is maximum, and rotor 7 can produce torsional wave with the fastest response speed.
Step 2. pastes foil gauge.
Conventional method is adopted to paste 1 shear strain sheet respectively on incident bar 15 and transmission bar 17, and access data acquisition system 19 that foil gauge is gone between.
The energy-storage capacitor of step 3. pair electrical power storage and release charges.
When carrying out Hopkinson torsion test, the human-computer interaction interface of electrical power storage and release 3 clicks charging voltage and arranges, charging voltage is set to required value, and arranging charging voltage in the present embodiment is 3000V.Click charge button, PLC outputs control signals to energy storage controllable silicon, makes described energy storage controlled silicon conducting.Afterwards, 380V industry alternating current is boosted to set alternating voltage by transformer, and rectifier bridge carries out rectification to described alternating current, charges after making it be transformed to the direct current of relevant voltage value to the energy-storage capacitor in electrical power storage and release.After charging complete, PLC exports control signal by energy storage trigger makes energy storage controllable silicon disconnect.
Step 4. loading experiment and data acquisition.
After charging complete, the human-computer interaction interface of electrical power storage and release 3 clicks discharge button, PLC outputs control signals to discharging thyristor, make described discharging thyristor conducting, the road capacitor discharging circuit that the energy stored in energy-storage capacitor is formed through discharging thyristor, stator coil 21 discharges, thus the discharge current that the generation time cycle is short, amplitude is higher.
Described discharge current produces moment electromagnetic field in stator coil 21, make to produce electromagnetic repulsion force between the permanent magnet 8 on rotor 7 and stator coil 21, described electromagnetic repulsion force makes rotor 7 produce instantaneous torque, described moment of torsion imports the incident bar 15 of split-Hopkinson torsional bar into the form of torsional wave, when this incident wave reaches incident bar 15 with sample 16 surface of contact, because wave impedance is not mated, a part for this incident wave is reflected, reflection wave is formed in incident bar 15, another part is then transmitted in transmission bar 17 by sample 16, forms transmitted wave.The shape of described reflection wave and transmitted wave and amplitude are determined by the material character of sample 16.Incident wave and reflection wave signal are recorded by the foil gauge be pasted onto on incident bar 15 by data acquisition system (DAS) 19, are recorded by the signal of transmitted wave by being pasted onto the foil gauge on transmission bar 17.The reflection wave utilizing data acquisition system (DAS) 19 to record and transmitted wave signal, obtain the dynamic distorting stress strain curve of sample by a ripple method.
Claims (4)
1. an electromagnetic type split-Hopkinson torsional bar charger, is drawn together power supply, electrical power storage and release and reverses rifle, and being communicated with release with electrical power storage by wire; Electrical power storage is communicated with power supply with release; It is characterized in that, described torsion rifle comprises rotor and 4 stators, and described each stator is uniform and be fixed on the inner circumferential surface of housing; When installing each stator, by identical for stator coil direction 2 stator symmetrical placement; During connection, the coil groups of formation series winding of the coil of 4 stators being contacted successively with wire; The positive terminal of described coil groups is connected with the positive pole output line of release with electrical power storage, the anode connector of described coil groups is connected with the negative pole output line of release with electrical power storage.
2. electromagnetic type split-Hopkinson torsional bar charger as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the square coil that described stator coil is made up of stator coil and coil housing, wherein:
Upper surface and the lower surface of described stator coil are respectively arc surface, form respectively exterior arc surface and the inner arc surface of stator coil; Described stator coil is the gap adopting the mode of Linear cut to form " returning " font on copper billet, and fills insulating tape in described gap, defines the insulation course between stator coil circle and circle, and this copper billet reserve part then becomes the circle of coil; In described 4 stator coils, the direction of 2 stator coils is that the direction of 2 stator coils is counterclockwise clockwise; Be processed with positive terminal at the starting point place of stator coil outermost turn, be processed with anode connector at the destination county of the interior circle of stator coil; The ratio of described thickness of insulating layer and coil turn thickness is 1/2 ~ 1/3;
The xsect of described coil housing is fan-shaped; The exterior arc surface of this coil housing and the inner arc surface of housing cooperatively interact; Clearance fit between the inner arc surface of this coil housing and rotor; This coil housing there is the mounting groove of stator coil; The lower surface of coil housing is bottom land; Described coil housing lower surface is arc surface, and the curvature of this arc surface is identical with the curvature of stator coil inner arc surface; Described coil housing there is mounting hole.
3. electromagnetic type split-Hopkinson torsional bar charger as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described torsion rifle also comprises housing and case lid, the circumferential wall of described housing is along the circumferential direction evenly distributed with 4 square aperture, and each opening is 1/6 of this housing circumferential lengths in the length of housing axis; There is the through hole for installing rotor shaft bearings at case lid center; The external diameter of case lid is identical with the external diameter of housing.
4. electromagnetic type split-Hopkinson torsional bar charger as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, rotor comprises magnet and armature spindle:
Described magnet comprises rotor case and 4 permanent magnets; Described each permanent magnet is arc bulk, and each permanent magnet both side surface is the inclined-plane of angle α=30 °, and the length of external arc is less than the length of Inner arc; Described permanent magnet exterior arc surface and inner arc surface are pole surface; Wherein the exterior arc surface of two permanent magnets is N pole, and inner arc surface is S pole; The inner arc surface of two permanent magnets is N pole, and exterior arc surface is S pole;
Described rotor case housing is evenly equipped with 4 strip through-holes for setting-in permanent magnet.
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