CN104895586A - Anti-disengaging tunnel secondary lining concrete pouring constructing method and formwork system - Google Patents
Anti-disengaging tunnel secondary lining concrete pouring constructing method and formwork system Download PDFInfo
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- 238000009415 formwork Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011800 void material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000181 anti-adherent effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007767 bonding agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011796 hollow space material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004078 waterproofing Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种防脱空隧道二次衬砌的混凝土浇筑施工模板系统，该系统主要包括模板和液压千斤顶，模板上设有倒突起圆形钢筒构成T型模板。据此，发明人还建立了相应的防脱空隧道二次衬砌的混凝土浇筑施工方法，该法通过使用前述具有储备混凝土功能的T型模板，在混凝土浇筑振捣后并在混凝土初凝前，采用液压千斤顶推进T型模板中的活塞而将倒突起圆形钢筒内的混凝土压入，从而解决隧道混凝土二次衬砌中常出现的脱空问题。相对常用的预埋管注浆处治脱空的方法，本发明施工方法与模板系统具有简易、方便的特点，克服了隧道中二次衬砌混凝土浇筑产生脱空的问题，也可保证了混凝土二次衬砌的完整性。
The invention discloses a concrete pouring construction formwork system for the secondary lining of an anti-evacuation tunnel. The system mainly includes a formwork and a hydraulic jack. The formwork is provided with an inverted protruding circular steel cylinder to form a T-shaped formwork. Accordingly, the inventor has also established a corresponding concrete pouring construction method for the secondary lining of the anti-evacuation tunnel. This method uses the aforementioned T-shaped template with the function of storing concrete, after the concrete is poured and vibrated and before the concrete is initially set, Hydraulic jacks are used to push the piston in the T-shaped formwork to press the concrete in the inverted protruding circular steel cylinder, so as to solve the problem of voiding that often occurs in the secondary lining of tunnel concrete. Compared with the commonly used method of pre-embedded pipe grouting to treat voids, the construction method and formwork system of the present invention have the characteristics of simplicity and convenience, which overcomes the problem of voids caused by secondary lining concrete pouring in tunnels, and can also ensure that the concrete secondary Lining integrity.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于地下隧道支护施工技术领域，尤其涉及一种防脱空隧道二次衬砌的混凝土浇筑施工方法与模板系统。The invention belongs to the technical field of underground tunnel support construction, and in particular relates to a concrete pouring construction method and a formwork system for the secondary lining of an anti-evacuation tunnel.
背景技术Background technique
地下隧道开挖后，其支护结构体系围岩、初支及二次衬砌之间紧密接触是保证地下结构整体稳定性和防止隧道产生通透性水害的重要保证因素。造成隧道二次衬砌脱空的原因很多，如：泵送混凝土压力不足、模板支架体系变形、混凝土干缩等常导致衬砌背后不密实，从而出现脱空，这将严重威胁到隧道运营过程中的防水性能，安全运营以及使用年限。此类脱空的处理常采用预埋管注浆处理，然而，这不但增加了施工成本，也导致了工序增加，严重影响后续隧道的施工。由于脱空的存在，使围岩-初支的体系施加于衬砌的荷载不连续，导致出现变形增大或裂纹(裂缝)破坏，使围岩支护结构随着时间发生渐进弱化。而在前述造成脱空的因素中，加大混凝土泵送压力可一定程度抑制脱空出现，但将会产生混凝土喷溅而造成对施工人员产生危害。对于模板支架体系变形，采用钢模板可以较好克服，但是许多采用组合钢模板浇筑的隧道亦存在一定程度的脱空。混凝土的干缩是混凝土自身属性，可采用添加微膨胀剂予以消除。然而，实际工程中，脱空的空间常为厘米级甚至分米级，这给隧道的防水带来了很大隐患。After the excavation of the underground tunnel, the close contact between the surrounding rock, the primary support and the secondary lining of the supporting structure system is an important guarantee factor to ensure the overall stability of the underground structure and prevent the tunnel from causing permeable water damage. There are many reasons for the voiding of the secondary lining of the tunnel, such as: insufficient pumping concrete pressure, deformation of the formwork support system, and shrinkage of the concrete, which often lead to the lack of compactness behind the lining, resulting in voiding, which will seriously threaten the safety of the tunnel during operation. Water resistance, safe operation and longevity. This kind of void treatment is often treated with pre-buried pipe grouting. However, this not only increases the construction cost, but also leads to an increase in the process, which seriously affects the subsequent tunnel construction. Due to the existence of voids, the load applied to the lining by the surrounding rock-primary support system is discontinuous, resulting in increased deformation or crack (crack) damage, and the surrounding rock support structure gradually weakens over time. Among the aforementioned factors that cause voids, increasing the concrete pumping pressure can suppress voids to a certain extent, but concrete splashes will be generated, which will cause harm to construction personnel. For the deformation of the formwork support system, steel formwork can be used to overcome it, but many tunnels poured with combined steel formwork also have a certain degree of voiding. The drying shrinkage of concrete is the property of concrete itself, which can be eliminated by adding micro-expansion agent. However, in actual engineering, the empty space is often at the centimeter or even decimeter level, which brings great hidden dangers to the waterproofing of the tunnel.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明要解决的技术问题是提供一种简易、方便的防脱空隧道二次衬砌的混凝土浇筑施工方法与模板系统，以克服隧道中二次衬砌混凝土浇筑产生的脱空。The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a simple and convenient concrete pouring construction method and formwork system for the secondary lining of an anti-vacation tunnel, so as to overcome the void caused by the secondary lining concrete pouring in the tunnel.
为解决上述技术问题，本发明采用以下技术方案：防脱空隧道二次衬砌的混凝土浇筑施工模板系统，包括模板，模板上设有倒突起圆形钢筒构成T型模板。In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: the concrete pouring construction formwork system for the secondary lining of the anti-evacuation tunnel includes a formwork, and the formwork is provided with an inverted protruding circular steel cylinder to form a T-shaped formwork.
模板具有与隧道设计相匹配的弧度，沿模板纵向间隔布置有倒突起圆形钢筒。The template has a radian that matches the tunnel design, and circular steel cylinders with inverted protrusions are arranged at intervals along the longitudinal direction of the template.
上述防脱空隧道二次衬砌的混凝土浇筑施工模板系统还包括液压千斤顶，千斤顶活塞通过传力柱连接推进活塞，推进活塞置于倒突起圆形钢筒内部，推进活塞端部具有与模板相匹配的弧度。The concrete pouring construction formwork system for the secondary lining of the anti-evacuation tunnel also includes a hydraulic jack. The jack piston is connected to the push piston through a force transmission column. radians.
使用上述模板系统的防脱空隧道二次衬砌的混凝土浇筑施工方法，浇筑前在T型模板及推进活塞上涂刷混凝土防粘结剂，然后将T型模板安装于脱空部位严重的部位；在混凝土浇筑振捣一段时间后，在混凝土初凝前通过安装在支架支垫上的千斤顶将T型模板中储备在倒突起圆形钢筒内的混凝土在推进活塞作业下顶出，以弥补混凝土浇筑过程中的空隙，并克服重力作用下混凝土在拱顶产生的脱空空间或由于混凝土自身侧压不足而导致防水层后面产生的鼓起造成衬砌的脱空；待混凝土在模板内养护到足够强度后，释放千斤顶顶力后，撤出千斤顶，并拆除T型模板。The concrete pouring construction method of the secondary lining of the anti-evacuation tunnel using the above-mentioned formwork system, the concrete anti-adhesive agent is painted on the T-shaped formwork and the push piston before pouring, and then the T-shaped formwork is installed on the serious part of the voided part; After the concrete is poured and vibrated for a period of time, before the initial setting of the concrete, the concrete stored in the inverted protruding circular steel cylinder in the T-shaped formwork is ejected under the operation of the push piston through the jack installed on the support pad to make up for the concrete pouring. gaps in the process, and overcome the hollow space generated by the concrete in the vault under the action of gravity or the bulging behind the waterproof layer due to insufficient lateral pressure of the concrete itself, resulting in the hollowing of the lining; when the concrete is cured to sufficient strength in the formwork Finally, after releasing the top force of the jack, withdraw the jack and remove the T-shaped formwork.
针对现有隧道二次衬砌混凝土浇筑技术无法克服产生脱空的不足，发明人设计制作了一种防脱空隧道二次衬砌的混凝土浇筑施工模板系统，该系统主要包括模板和液压千斤顶，模板上设有倒突起圆形钢筒构成T型模板。据此，发明人还建立了相应的防脱空隧道二次衬砌的混凝土浇筑施工方法，该法通过使用前述具有储备混凝土功能的T型模板，在混凝土浇筑振捣后并在混凝土初凝前，采用液压千斤顶推进T型模板中的活塞而将倒突起圆形钢筒内的混凝土压入，从而解决隧道混凝土二次衬砌中常出现的脱空问题。相对常用的预埋管注浆处治脱空的方法，本发明施工方法与模板系统具有简易、方便的特点，克服了隧道中二次衬砌混凝土浇筑产生脱空的问题，也可保证了混凝土二次衬砌的完整性。In view of the fact that the existing tunnel secondary lining concrete pouring technology cannot overcome the problem of voiding, the inventor designed and produced a concrete pouring construction formwork system for the secondary lining of the void-proof tunnel. The system mainly includes formwork and hydraulic jacks. There is a round steel cylinder with inverted protrusions to form a T-shaped formwork. Accordingly, the inventor has also established a corresponding concrete pouring construction method for the secondary lining of the anti-evacuation tunnel. This method uses the aforementioned T-shaped formwork with the function of storing concrete, after the concrete is poured and vibrated and before the concrete is initially set, The hydraulic jack is used to push the piston in the T-shaped formwork to press the concrete in the inverted protruding circular steel cylinder, so as to solve the problem of voiding that often occurs in the secondary lining of tunnel concrete. Compared with the commonly used method of pre-buried pipe grouting to treat voids, the construction method and formwork system of the present invention have the characteristics of simplicity and convenience, which overcomes the problem of voids caused by secondary lining concrete pouring in tunnels, and can also ensure that the concrete secondary Lining integrity.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明防脱空隧道二次衬砌的混凝土浇筑施工方法中浇筑混凝土的状态示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the state of pouring concrete in the concrete pouring construction method of the secondary lining of the anti-evacuation tunnel of the present invention.
图2是本发明防脱空隧道二次衬砌的混凝土浇筑施工方法中正在推进混凝土的状态示意图。Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the state of advancing concrete in the concrete pouring construction method of the secondary lining of the anti-evacuation tunnel according to the present invention.
图3是本发明防脱空隧道二次衬砌的混凝土浇筑施工方法中完成推进混凝土的状态示意图。Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the state of advancing concrete in the concrete pouring construction method of the secondary lining of the anti-evacuation tunnel according to the present invention.
图中：左图1a、2a、3a为沿隧道横向面示意图，右图1b、2b、3b为沿隧道纵向面示意图；1围岩，2初期支护，3防水层，4脱空，5混凝土，6T型模板，7液压千斤顶，8液压管，9千斤顶活塞，10支垫，11反力架，12传力柱，13推进活塞，14重力方向，15混凝土扩散方向，16圆形钢筒。In the figure: left pictures 1a, 2a, 3a are schematic diagrams along the transverse plane of the tunnel, and right pictures 1b, 2b, 3b are schematic diagrams along the longitudinal plane of the tunnel; 1 Surrounding rock, 2 Primary support, 3 Waterproof layer, 4 Evacuation, 5 Concrete , 6T formwork, 7 hydraulic jacks, 8 hydraulic pipes, 9 jack pistons, 10 pads, 11 reaction frame, 12 force transmission column, 13 push piston, 14 gravity direction, 15 concrete diffusion direction, 16 circular steel cylinder.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
如图1至3所示，本发明的防脱空隧道二次衬砌的混凝土浇筑施工模板系统，包括模板和液压千斤顶7。模板具有与隧道设计相匹配的弧度，沿模板纵向间隔布置有倒突起圆形钢筒16，构成T型模板6。液压千斤顶的千斤顶活塞9通过传力柱连接推进活塞，推进活塞可卸除地置于倒突起圆形钢筒内部，推进活塞端部具有与模板相匹配的弧度，以保证顶进后混凝土的表面平顺过渡。As shown in Figures 1 to 3, the concrete pouring construction template system for the secondary lining of the anti-evacuation tunnel of the present invention includes a template and a hydraulic jack 7 . The template has a radian that matches the tunnel design, and circular steel cylinders 16 with inverted protrusions are arranged at intervals along the longitudinal direction of the template to form a T-shaped template 6 . The jack piston 9 of the hydraulic jack is connected to the propulsion piston through the force transmission column. The propulsion piston is removably placed inside the inverted protruding circular steel cylinder. The end of the propulsion piston has a radian matching the formwork to ensure the concrete surface Smooth transition.
使用前述模板系统的防脱空隧道二次衬砌的混凝土浇筑施工方法Concrete pouring construction method for the secondary lining of the anti-evacuation tunnel using the aforementioned formwork system
采用强度较大的钢材制作前述T型模板来代替普通模板；待围岩1的初期支护2及防水层3施作后，浇筑前在T型模板及推进活塞上涂刷混凝土防粘结剂，然后将T型模板安装于脱空部位严重的部位，并在反力架11上安装支垫、液压千斤顶、传力柱12及推进活塞13；在混凝土浇筑振捣一段时间后，在混凝土5初凝前通过液压管8对安装在支架支垫10上的千斤顶加压将T型模板中储备在倒突起圆形钢筒内的混凝土在推进活塞作业下向重力反方向顶出，顶出的混凝土向四周扩散，以弥补混凝土浇筑过程中的空隙，并克服重力作用下混凝土在拱顶产生的脱空空间或由于混凝土自身侧压不足而导致防水层后面产生的鼓起造成衬砌的脱空4，从而使浇筑的混凝土密实充填脱空部位的空隙；待混凝土在模板内养护到足够强度后，释放千斤顶顶力后，撤出千斤顶，并拆除T型模板。拆除T型模板后，应采用钢丝刷刷干净T行模板以及推进活塞，并涂刷混凝土防粘结剂，避免T型模板和活塞发生锈蚀，为下一循环浇筑前对模板进行保养。Use high-strength steel to make the aforementioned T-shaped formwork to replace the ordinary formwork; after the initial support 2 and waterproof layer 3 of the surrounding rock 1 are applied, apply concrete anti-bonding agent on the T-shaped formwork and the push piston before pouring , and then install the T-shaped formwork on the severe part of the empty part, and install the support pad, hydraulic jack, force transmission column 12 and propulsion piston 13 on the reaction force frame 11; Before the initial setting, the hydraulic pipe 8 is used to pressurize the jack installed on the bracket support pad 10, and the concrete stored in the inverted protruding circular steel cylinder in the T-shaped formwork is pushed out in the opposite direction of gravity under the operation of the push piston, and the ejected Concrete spreads to the surroundings to make up for the gaps in the concrete pouring process, and to overcome the empty space of the concrete on the vault under the action of gravity or the bulge behind the waterproof layer due to insufficient lateral pressure of the concrete itself, resulting in the void of the lining4 , so that the poured concrete densely fills the gaps in the empty parts; after the concrete is cured to sufficient strength in the formwork, the jack is released after the jack is released, and the T-shaped formwork is removed. After the T-shaped formwork is removed, the T-shaped formwork and the push piston should be cleaned with a wire brush, and the concrete anti-bonding agent should be applied to avoid corrosion of the T-shaped formwork and piston, and the formwork should be maintained before the next cycle of pouring.
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| CN106014454B (en) * | 2016-07-11 | 2018-02-06 | 北京鸿锐嘉科技发展有限公司 | Tunnel-liner vault band is molded into sizing device and grouting process |
| CN106522992A (en) * | 2016-11-24 | 2017-03-22 | 中铁隧道集团有限公司 | Concrete lining formwork trolley insertion-type concrete grouting construction method |
| CN107503772A (en) * | 2017-08-21 | 2017-12-22 | 中铁六局集团有限公司 | A kind of first branch bearing capacity test method in tunnel |
| CN109296387A (en) * | 2018-12-03 | 2019-02-01 | 湖南五新隧道智能装备股份有限公司 | A top mold system for a trolley |
| CN110424985A (en) * | 2019-08-23 | 2019-11-08 | 中铁十一局集团第五工程有限公司 | A kind of anti-forward direction of coming to nothing of tunnel vault concrete is rushed to summit device |
| CN113847063A (en) * | 2021-09-26 | 2021-12-28 | 兰州理工大学 | A kind of tunnel secondary lining concrete construction simulation system and simulation method |
| CN113847063B (en) * | 2021-09-26 | 2024-01-26 | 兰州理工大学 | Tunnel secondary lining concrete construction simulation method |
| CN114737999A (en) * | 2022-04-18 | 2022-07-12 | 中国葛洲坝集团第一工程有限公司 | Tunnel lining construction trolley, vibrating device and construction method |
| CN114737999B (en) * | 2022-04-18 | 2024-11-01 | 中国葛洲坝集团第一工程有限公司 | Tunnel lining construction trolley, vibrating device and construction method |
| CN116517588A (en) * | 2023-04-25 | 2023-08-01 | 广东水电二局股份有限公司 | Construction method for preventing tunnel lining vault from falling out and falling out preventing device thereof |
| CN116517588B (en) * | 2023-04-25 | 2023-10-13 | 广东水电二局股份有限公司 | Construction method for preventing tunnel lining vault from falling out and falling out preventing device thereof |
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