CN104886010B - A kind of sex-limited transfer method of speckle of the general spot kind of silkworm - Google Patents
A kind of sex-limited transfer method of speckle of the general spot kind of silkworm Download PDFInfo
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- CN104886010B CN104886010B CN201510236166.8A CN201510236166A CN104886010B CN 104886010 B CN104886010 B CN 104886010B CN 201510236166 A CN201510236166 A CN 201510236166A CN 104886010 B CN104886010 B CN 104886010B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 241000255789 Bombyx mori Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 241000382353 Pupa Species 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000009396 hybridization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 230000000384 rearing effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 abstract description 22
- 230000002068 genetic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000001418 larval effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000008280 blood Substances 0.000 description 6
- 210000004369 blood Anatomy 0.000 description 6
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 6
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 108700005079 Recessive Genes Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 102000052708 Recessive Genes Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 210000000349 chromosome Anatomy 0.000 description 3
- 238000011426 transformation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000306 recurrent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009366 sericulture Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000033458 reproduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 210000003765 sex chromosome Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K67/00—Rearing or breeding animals, not otherwise provided for; New or modified breeds of animals
- A01K67/033—Rearing or breeding invertebrates; New breeds of invertebrates
- A01K67/04—Silkworms
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Animal Behavior & Ethology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Measuring Or Testing Involving Enzymes Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of sex-limited transfer method of speckle of the general spot kind of silkworm, using basic speckle autosexing race as female parent, the general spot kind of practicality is male parent, and hybridization obtains F1；F1BC is obtained with the male individual backcrossing of the general spot kind of practicality1, from BC1Rise and the most easily dense general spot individual of naked eyes identification, then excellent female individual continuous backcross is chosen to BC by the pupa that reflects is eliminated in larval phasen；From BCnRise and continue to eliminate dense general spot individual, other offspring individuals selfing subcultures to Fm‑1, from FmPlay selfing and carry out one batch rearing, chosen by pupa method of reflecting and meet the excellent moth area subculture of the sex-limited feature of speckle, can be by there be spot in each generation to be female thereafter, and no spot carries out Sex judging to be male.The method of the present invention can improve the practicality of new varieties by continuous backcross, can be distinguished again by the most dense individual method solution target individual speckle depth difficulty of speckle in blanking offspring can not participate in the difficulty of subculture with most of offsprings, implementation process is simplified, it is simple to operate, genetic background is wide, the fast target of practical transformation.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to silkworm breeding field, and in particular to a kind of sex-limited transfer method of speckle of the general spot kind of silkworm.
Background technology
Speckle sex limited gene is by the common speckle (referred to as general spot) on silkworm autosome by chromosome engineering technology
Genetic fragment translocates to W sex chromosome, and (chromosome has complete decisive action in silkworm to female, every to have W chromosomes
Individual just to be female) on, be allowed to the sex limited gene with sex determining gene complete linkage.Can be by using the speckle sex limited gene
General cultivated silkworm breed variety transformation is into speckle autosexing race, i.e., every brindled larva individual is just female, every larva without spot
Body (plain spot silkworm, white silkworm, Ji silkworm) is just hero.It can subtract according to the presence or absence of larva speckle come the sex of identifying by naked eye Different Individual
Carry out the conventional processes that artificial " mirror pupa " distinguishes male and female in pupa time during few silkworm silkworm egg reproductions at different levels, silkworm egg can be reduced numerous
The cost of labor more than 20% educated, is currently in Labor-saving breed breeding using one of most universal also most successful technology.But
It is to have a large portion, particularly day Europe system kind in practicality conventional variety, the overwhelming majority is common speckle kind, at present
Transfer method this type kind is carried out the sex-limited practical transformation of speckle often exist need that algebraically is more, technology is cumbersome, when
Between long, transformation kind degree of being practical it is not high the problems such as.
At present, 3 classes can be summarized as to the method that the common speckle kind of practicality carries out the sex-limited transformation of speckle：
1st, direct transformation method.It is female parent to choose the sex-limited basic silkworm race of speckle, is entered using the practical kind for needing transformation as male parent
Row hybridization, in its F2The female subculture, F of being mated with plain silkworm hero progress of light general spot is chosen in generation3The seed selection material in generation has speckle sex-limited
Feature, but obtained material still has following shortcoming：1. containing needing the practical kind blood relationship composition of transformation there was only 50%, need
Its component ratio is further improved by being returned, but this method is unable to continuous backcross, and backcrossing once need to be every 2 generations；②F2Dai Xuan
Only accounted for during taking 1/4 offspring individuals can meet this method to genotype select require, other 3/4 individuals can not participate in after
Generation；3. in F2For when accurately select the female individual subculture of light general spot difficult, most easily obscure with general spot individual.(all watersides are precious, Liu Shu
Clearly.The discussion of silkworm egg color and speckle autosexing race selection,《Sericulture science》, 1986,6 (2)：80-85.)
2nd, single introductory technique.It is female parent to choose the sex-limited basic silkworm race of speckle, with the hero individual for the practical kind for needing transformation
Continuous backcross is carried out for recurrent parent, selects the female individual of common speckle to be returned with the male individual of recurrent parent all the time in each generation is returned
Hand over, until practical kind blood relationship composition can meet the required algebraically of practical requirement, so solve in direct transformation method not
The problem of energy continuous backcross, but still have the disadvantage that：The female individual of general spot of necessary M8003 line is because of speckle depth difference journey
Degree reason is most easily obscured with light general spot body phase, and it is male individual, M8003 line target individual to also have half in general spot individual
It is difficult.(hold through space, etc., day Europe system shape silkworm transformation into sex-limited speckle kind research,《Shaanxi sericulture》, 1992,1：5-7；Lee
Holy family's pattern of silkworm autosexing race quick breeding method research《Agriculture of Anhui science》, 1993,21 (4)：371-373.)
3rd, independent assortment transformation method.It is female parent to choose the sex-limited basic silkworm race of speckle, to need the practical kind of transformation as father
This progress hybridizes, from F2In generation, starts, the most deep dense general spot individual of continuous blanking speckle, the individuals of other different depth speckles then root
Subculture is selected according to the quality of its own actual breeding achievement, this avoid select difficulty (three to the offspring individuals speckle depth
Kind brindled larva, only dense general spot individual it is clear that and general spot individual then the depth is not easily distinguishable with light general spot individual),
The offspring individuals scope of subculture can be participated in by expanding, but still be had the disadvantage that：Blood containing the practical kind for needing transformation
Edge composition only has 50%, need to further improve its component ratio by being returned means, and this method is only on autosome
The selfing homozygosis of speckle recessive gene.(Ai Junwen, etc., shape Silkworm varieties transformation into speckle autosexing race research,《Chinese silkworm
Industry》, 2005,1：23-25.)
The content of the invention
An object of the present invention is to need the practical kind blood relationship composition of transformation selected by solving to contain in existing method
Ratio is low, and most individuals of filial generation can not participate in speckle depth difference difficulty between subculture, offspring individuals and distinguish and influence to required
There is provided a kind of sex-limited transformation side of speckle of the general spot kind of silkworm for the various problems that the target individual of genotype is accurately selected
Method.
A kind of sex-limited transfer method of speckle of the general spot kind of silkworm of present invention offer is including hybridizing, continuous backcross, selfing, its
Step is as follows：
Hybridization：Using basic speckle autosexing race as female parent, the general spot kind of practicality is male parent, is hybridized, obtains heterozygosis
Type F1Generation；
Continuous backcross：Utilize heterozygous F1In generation, obtains BC with the male individual backcrossing of the general spot kind of practicality1Generation, from BC1In generation, rises
Larval phase, eliminates the dense general spot individual most easily visually recognized, then chooses excellent female individual development continuous backcross extremely by pupa method of reflecting
BCnGeneration；
Selfing：From BCnGeneration, which rises, continues to eliminate dense general spot individual, and other offspring individuals are according to the actual feeding knot of each of which
Fruit achievement selection and selfing subculture is to Fm-1Generation, from FmGeneration, which rises, carries out one batch rearing and continues selfing subculture, and by reflecting, pupa method is chosen
Meet the excellent moth area subculture of the sex-limited feature of speckle, each generation can be female by there is spot thereafter, and no spot carries out Sex judging to be male.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are：A kind of sex-limited transfer method of speckle of the general spot kind of silkworm of the present invention is tightly detained
Firmly in transformation each generation, can not lose the inheritance of speckle sex limited gene (W^+) and speckle recessive gene (p) in subculture colony,
Practicality parent's blood relationship component ratio contained by new seed selection material can be improved by continuous backcross method, can pass through blanking subculture again
The most dense individual simple method of speckle in colony, solution target individual speckle depth difficulty, which is distinguished, can not participate in subculture with most of offsprings
Difficulty, the process of realizing is simplified, simple to operate, and genetic background is wide, the fast integration objective of practical transformation.It is of the invention and current
Classical silkworm conventional variety selection compares, except adding blanking dense general spot during backcrossing and selfed breeding
Outside the measure of body, its transformation algebraically, seed selection step, selection are consistent completely, have accomplished the sex-limited transformation of speckle and green wood
Expect that practical seed selection is neglected neither.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 show the sex-limited transfer method procedure chart of speckle of the general spot kind of silkworm of the present invention.
Embodiment
The specific embodiment of the invention is described in detail below in conjunction with specific accompanying drawing.It should be noted that in following embodiments
The combination of the technical characteristic or technical characteristic of description is not construed as isolated, and they can be mutually combined so as to reaching
To superior technique effect.
As shown in figure 1, the sex-limited transfer method of speckle of the general spot kind of silkworm of the present invention includes hybridization, continuous backcross, from
Hand over, its step is as follows：
Hybridization：Using basic speckle autosexing race as female parent, the general spot kind of practicality is male parent, is hybridized, obtains heterozygosis
Type F1Generation；
Continuous backcross：Heterozygous F1In generation, obtains BC with the male individual backcrossing of the general spot kind of practicality1Generation, from BC1In generation, is risen in children
The worm phase eliminates the dense general spot individual most easily visually recognized, then chooses excellent female individual development continuous backcross extremely by pupa method of reflecting
BCnGeneration；
Selfing：From BCnGeneration, which rises, continues to eliminate dense general spot individual, and other offspring individuals are according to the actual breeding achievement of each of which
Select and selfing subculture is to Fm-1Generation, from FmGeneration, which rises, carries out one batch rearing and continues selfing subculture, is chosen by pupa method of reflecting and meets spot
The excellent moth area subculture of the sex-limited feature of line, each generation can be female by there is spot thereafter, and no spot carries out Sex judging to be male.
A kind of sex-limited transfer method of speckle of the general spot kind of silkworm of the present invention tightly clasps transformation each generation in subculture colony
In can not lose the inheritance of speckle sex limited gene (W^+) and speckle recessive gene (p), continuous backcross method can be passed through
Practicality parent blood relationship component ratio contained by new seed selection material is improved, again can be most dense individual by speckle in blanking subculture colony
Simple method, which solves target individual speckle depth difficulty, which to be distinguished, can not participate in the difficulty of subculture with most of offsprings, realize process essence
Letter, simple to operate, genetic background is wide, the fast integration objective of practical transformation.Of the invention and current classical silkworm conventional variety
Selection compares, in addition to the measure of the dense general spot individual of blanking is added during backcrossing and selfed breeding, its transformation
Algebraically, seed selection step, selection are consistent completely, have accomplished the sex-limited transformation of speckle with the practical seed selection of new material neither
By mistake.
Although having been presented for some embodiments of the present invention herein, it will be appreciated by those of skill in the art that
Without departing from the spirit of the invention, the embodiments herein can be changed.Above-described embodiment be it is exemplary, no
The restriction of interest field of the present invention should be used as using the embodiments herein.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of sex-limited transfer method of speckle of the general spot kind of silkworm, it is characterised in that including hybridization, continuous backcross, selfing, its
Step is as follows,
Hybridization：Using basic speckle autosexing race as female parent, the general spot kind of practicality is male parent, is hybridized, obtains heterozygous F1
Generation；
Continuous backcross：Utilize heterozygous F1In generation, obtains BC with the male individual backcrossing of the general spot kind of practicality1Generation, from BC1In generation, is risen in larva
Phase eliminates the dense general spot individual most easily visually recognized, then chooses excellent female individual development continuous backcross to BC by pupa method of reflectingn
Generation；
Selfing：From BCnGeneration, which rises, continues to eliminate dense general spot individual, and other offspring individuals are according to the actual feeding result selection of each of which
And selfing subculture is to Fm-1Generation, from FmGeneration, which rises, carries out one batch rearing and continues selfing subculture, and meeting speckle by pupa method selection of reflecting limits
Property feature excellent moth area subculture, can be by there be spot in each generation to be female thereafter, and no spot carries out Sex judging to be male.
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| CN104886010B true CN104886010B (en) | 2017-07-11 |
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| CN105532588B (en) * | 2015-12-05 | 2018-03-06 | 湖南省蚕桑科学研究所 | A kind of simple and quick method that the sex-limited system of practicality tea spot is built using the common speckle kind of silkworm |
| CN108849773B (en) * | 2018-06-25 | 2021-01-26 | 湖南省蚕桑科学研究所 | Transformation method for enabling stripes of silkworm daily-series tea-dot-restricted variety to be clearer |
| CN110367210A (en) * | 2019-07-26 | 2019-10-25 | 四川省农业科学院蚕业研究所 | The sex-limited speckle dark color transfer method of silkworm |
| CN113080153B (en) * | 2021-05-07 | 2023-02-28 | 云南省农业科学院蚕桑蜜蜂研究所 | Female backcross method for directionally transforming silkworm vegetarian spot variety into tea spot limiting system |
| CN114916508B (en) * | 2022-04-28 | 2023-04-18 | 广西壮族自治区蚕业技术推广站 | Method for effectively fusing and quickly purifying conventional properties and egg color-restricted properties of silkworms |
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Effective date of registration: 20170817 Address after: 410127 Hunan province Changsha Furong District Branch Road No. 23 were Co-patentee after: Soochow University Patentee after: The Sericultural Research Institute of Hunan Province Address before: 410000, No. 8, East Lake Road, Furong district, Hunan, Changsha Co-patentee before: Sima, Yang Hu, Xue Hong Patentee before: Ai Junwen Co-patentee before: Xue Hong |