CN104878721B - A kind of application of porous ecological concrete system in heavy metal and/or nitrogen and phosphorus pollution remedying sludge - Google Patents
A kind of application of porous ecological concrete system in heavy metal and/or nitrogen and phosphorus pollution remedying sludge Download PDFInfo
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- CN104878721B CN104878721B CN201510211548.5A CN201510211548A CN104878721B CN 104878721 B CN104878721 B CN 104878721B CN 201510211548 A CN201510211548 A CN 201510211548A CN 104878721 B CN104878721 B CN 104878721B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of application of porous ecological concrete system in heavy metal and/or nitrogen and phosphorus pollution remedying sludge.The porous ecological concrete include following weight than component：Active coarse aggregate：Cement：Water=4.02~5.69：1：0.25~0.30；The active coarse aggregate is one or more in zeolite, pelelith or activated carbon.During concrete application, using active porous eco-concrete porous ecological concrete coating is formed in bed mud water termination, and planting submerged plant is planted on the cover layer, so by active coating and the synergy of submerged plant, the internal loading of heavy metal and nitrogen phosphorus in control bed mud that can be persistently effectively stable, and active coating can preferably ensure the overall structural integrity of bed mud coating, for benthon provides good habitat, recover and rebuild beneficial to the benthonic realm for repairing the water body later stage.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to pollution of water remedying sludge technical field.More particularly, to the porous ecological coagulation of one kind
Application of the soil series system in heavy metal and/or nitrogen and phosphorus pollution remedying sludge.
Background technology
Surface water environment protects the initial stage, is devoted to cutting off people more or controls the influence in outside contamination source quantitatively to subtract
Less into the total amount of pollutant of water body.But after the external source pollution of influence water quality is effectively controlled, water quality is not as expected
It is clearly better, some pollution situations even further deteriorate.Follow-up study finds, is considered as a long time " the accumulation of reservoir pollution thing
Also serving as the role in " source " under the bed mud certain condition in storehouse ".When condition changes, nitrogen phosphorus, the huge sum of money accumulated in bed mud
The pollutant such as category and organic matter will be discharged from bed mud.In the case that external source pollution is effectively controlled, bed mud is released
The primary pollution source for just turning into influence overlying water quality is put, therefore how effectively to control the endogenous of Nitrogen In Sediment, phosphorus and heavy metal to release
Put then to turn into and improve the key point of water quality.
At present, peripheral doses, chemical remediation and biological prosthetic three major types can be divided into for water body endogenous pollution restorative procedure.
Peripheral doses include the methods such as dredging transfer, diversion dilution and covering isolation.Sediment Dredging can be by pollutant from original environment
In thoroughly remove, but quantities is big under normal circumstances, and need in force consider the disturbance factor to water body/bed mud, and dirty
The consumption of huge engineering, issuable secondary pollution problems that the transfer of dye thing and later stage treatment bring.Chemical remediation then needs
Chemical agent is added with fixed-contamination thing to polluted bed mud surface, has the advantages that instant effect, energy consumption be low, small investment.But it is artificial
The chemical fixatives of addition can produce potential hazard, therefore this restorative procedure to be usually used in repairing after reaching finite concentration to environment
The such as landscape water body in Urban Parks lake, it is high in water source type water body to implement then risk；In addition, chemical remediation can only be directed to
Species more single nitrogen phosphorus or heavy metal release in control bed mud.Biological prosthetic is to study and use more remedying sludge at present
Method, preferably maintained because of it environment it is original it is ecological, favored by researcher the advantages of detersive efficiency is high.Yet with being related to biology
Physiological property, such as biological growth need certain growth cycle, thus biological prosthetic instant to accidental pollution emergency processing shortage
Effect；Secondly, biological growth is generally limited by external environment, and biological normal existence metabolism is unable to reach when sediment pollution is serious
Condition, it is biological prosthetic also to play a part of control pollutant release；In addition, biological metabolism and all pollutions of non-used
Thing, even can be by the pollutant of bio-absorbable/degraded, the biology being typically different has selectivity, therefore still has many pollutions
Thing cannot be by biological prosthetic reduction environmental hazard.
Bed mud soverlay technique in 20 century 70 later stages started the reparation for being applied to contaminated sediments, although as grinding
The development studied carefully, constantly has New technical use in remedying sludge, but bed mud soverlay technique as U.S. EPA recommend to contaminated
One of three big technologies of remedying sludge, have its exclusive advantage and very important status in polluted bed mud repairing research.With
Other technologies are compared, and soverlay technique only adds covering during reparation on bed mud surface, largely avoid to water body/bottom
The interference of the original environment of mud, and the material that uses of covering be typically inexpensively, the natural minerals that are easy to get or the ring with plant as raw material
Border friendly material, the harm to environment is much smaller than chemical agent；Because available covering material species is various, soverlay technique is fitted
For multiple types or compound polluted bed mud reparation, not only can effectively control Conventional pollution, also heavy metal and PCBs,
The release of the persistence organic pollutants such as PAHs has good inhibiting effect.In view of effect that soverlay technique has is good, low cost
The advantage such as honest and clean, ecological risk is smaller, research often recommends the technology to be effectively controlled for external source pollution, to the depth of water without harshness
It is required that, the suitable covering material of water project situation is delivered and fixed waters is repaired, according to live Survey of contaminating status, selection is suitable
Covering material and coverage mode are implemented to repair.
The bed mud covering system to being made up of clean deposition thing, sand and gravel has done substantial amounts of research both at home and abroad,
And carry out many successful applications.But clean deposition thing, sand and gravel etc. belong to inert material, and bed mud is discharged
The crystallized ability of pollutant is poor, this cause by inert material build covering system control sediment contamination release efficiency compared with
It is low.To overcome the defect of bed mud inertia covering system, can be inhaled there has been proposed the concept of bed mud active barrier system, i.e. use
The bed mud covering system of attached or co-precipitation pollutant material construction.Compared with bed mud inertia covering system, bed mud activity covering
The efficiency that system suppresses sediment contamination release is significantly improved.
The current country has engendered the report and correlation for utilizing active covering material to control polluted bed mud internal loading specially
It is not enough below profit, but generally existing：（1）The active coating of structure is very easy to by current scour, stormy waves, aquatile disturbance
Cause active covering material to be lost in the influence of newborn deposit covering etc., be subjected to brokenly the overall structure of active barrier system
It is bad；（2）The tightly packed change completely for being easily caused sediment situation of covering material, destroys benthic existence ring
Border, although the effect at covering initial stage is more apparent, but because the heavy damage of benthonic realm, and be difficult to rebuild, make reparation water body
Ecosystem degradation；（3）Covering material is more single for the sediment release pollutant of control, and predominantly nitrogen phosphorus, to a huge sum of money
Category release cannot accomplish effectively control.Such as patent《The physics that natural zeolite directly adsorbs lake river reservoir pollution element is administered
Method》（200910168007.3）、《Cover the method that monolayer-modified biofilm zeolite in-situ persistently repairs serious pollution bed mud》
（201410312760.6）Deng, covering system directly is built in the form of individual layer covering, can not effectively prevent covering material
Loss so that system cannot steadily in the long term control polluted bed mud internal loading.Patent《Repair a kind of Nitrogen In Sediment immobilization original position
Covering material of multiplexing and preparation method thereof》（201210206786.3）、《A kind of bed mud activity for controlling sedimentary phosphate release is covered
System and method》（201210246668.5）、《A kind of active barrier system of in-situ control surface water body substrate sludge nitrogen phosphorus release and
Method》（201310419706.7）Deng using and add a cover down on the cover layer geotechnological layer of cloth to prevent bed mud active barrier system
The loss of middle active covering material, but the influence of artificial synthesized geotechnological layer of cloth to substrate is unknown, and the tight of geotechnological layer of cloth covers
Lid can completely change sediment, benthon is lost living environment, and be difficult to rebuild benthonic realm.And above patent base
This is repaired both for single nitrogen ＆ phosphorus release, is not carried out the release of other pollutants such as heavy metal, and this is for needing
For controlling the reparation of contaminated sediments of the internal loading of multiple pollutant, it is clear that there is great limitation.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is the defect and deficiency for overcoming existing bed mud to cover recovery technique, there is provided a kind of
Application of the porous ecological concrete system in heavy metal and/or nitrogen and phosphorus pollution remedying sludge.The porous ecological concrete system
System can reduce pollutants in sediments internal loading by porous ecological concrete layer collaboration kind planting submerged plant, lasting, stabilization
Heavy metal and/or nitrogen and phosphorus pollution bed mud carry out in-situ immobilization, and are easy to rebuild the benthonic realm for repairing water body.
Above-mentioned purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of application of porous ecological concrete in heavy metal and/or nitrogen and phosphorus pollution remedying sludge, the porous ecology
Concrete include following weight than component：Active coarse aggregate：Cement：Water=4.02~5.69：1：0.25~0.30；The work
Property coarse aggregate be zeolite, pelelith or activated carbon in one or more.
Further, above-mentioned porous ecological concrete also includes accounting for the poly carboxylic acid series water reducer of cement weight 0.5~1%.
Further, the present invention is to disclose a kind of porous ecological concrete system in heavy metal and/or nitrogen and phosphorus pollution
Application in remedying sludge, the porous ecological concrete system includes porous ecological concrete layer, the porous ecological coagulation
Soil layer refers to be covered in the porous ecological concrete covering that the active porous eco-concrete covering material of bed mud-water termination is formed
Layer, the active porous eco-concrete covering material include following weight than component：Active coarse aggregate：Cement：Water=4.02
~5.69：1：0.25~0.30；The active coarse aggregate is one or more in zeolite, pelelith or activated carbon.
Preferably, above-mentioned active porous eco-concrete covering material also includes accounting for the polycarboxylic acids of cement weight 0.5~1%
Based water reducer.
It is highly preferred that the active porous eco-concrete covering material includes that weight ratio is 4.52~5.51：1：0.25
~0.28 active coarse aggregate, cement and water, also including accounting for the poly carboxylic acid series water reducer of cement weight 0.7~0.8%.
Furthermore it is preferred that the particle diameter of above-mentioned active coarse aggregate is 5~10mm；The porous ecological concrete coating
Porosity>25%.
The concrete application method of above-mentioned porous ecological concrete system is：
S1. coarse aggregate chooses the coarse aggregate that particle diameter is 5~10mm by crushing, sieving, clean, and adds total water consumption 1/4
Water, stir 1~2min, after making coarse aggregate surface wettability, add cement and water reducer, 1~2min of stir about makes coarse aggregate table
Last layer cement mortar shell is uniformly wrapped up in face, and the water for adding surplus continues 2~3min of stir about to being thoroughly mixed；
S2. the mixture for S1 being obtained directly is poured and forms coating, the covering thickness for pouring in polluted bed mud to be repaired
It is 0.5~5cm to spend.
Or, the mixture that S1 is obtained can also be made into square member, then uniform dispensing, laying to pollution bottom to be repaired
Mud（Such as repair purpose reservoir, lake and river）Form coating.The preferred size of the square member be 1m × 1m × 0.5~
5cm。
Further, the porous ecological concrete system also includes that the heavy water planted on porous ecological concrete layer is planted
Thing.
Preferably, the submerged plant is eel grass, black algae, watermifoil or hornwort, and the planting density of submerged plant is 10
~80g/m2（Also visual object water body and the contaminated situation of bed mud and landscape need to carry out Reasonable adjustment specific plantation density）.
It is highly preferred that the submerged plant is black algae or eel grass, the planting density of black algae is 20g/m2, the plantation of eel grass is close
It is 40g/m to spend2。
Used as a kind of the most preferred embodiment, the active porous eco-concrete covering material is including weight ratio
5.32：1：0.25 active coarse aggregate, cement and water, also including accounting for the poly carboxylic acid series water reducer of cement weight 0.8%；
The submerged plant is black algae, and planting density is 20g/m2。
The thickness of the porous ecological concrete coating is 2cm.
The porous ecological concrete system that the present invention builds includes two parts altogether, one is making active porous ecological mixed
Solidifying soil covering material, using active coarse aggregate as skeleton structure, active thick bone is uniformly wrapped in using cement as adhesive backers
Material surface, can form mushy structure, recycle active porous eco-concrete covering material to be formed in bed mud-water termination
One layer of active coating, to reach heavy metal, nitrogen and phosphorus pollution bed mud in-situ immobilization persistently, stable；The second is mushy
Tectum structure is beneficial to benthic existence, and plants planting submerged plant on active coating, can be assisted with active coating
With control internal loading, and help to recover the benthonic realm of reparation water body and with good landscape effect.
The present invention has done substantial amounts of exploration and has ground to overcome above-mentioned bed mud to cover the defect and deficiency of recovery technique
Study carefully.There is research to disclose the porous concrete structure of vegetation type, it is a kind of concrete with special continuous gap structure,
Have a good permeable and ventilating performance, and plant can direct growth in its surface, can be used for bank protection etc..The present invention is first
Innovation is attempted for the porous concrete structure of this vegetation type being used for heavy metal and/or the nitrogen and phosphorus pollution Sediments such as artificial swamp
Reparation in, but have the difference of essence due to the bed muds such as artificial swamp and hillside fields, whether porous concrete structure also can
It is applied to above the bed muds such as artificial swampThere is no any foundation may be referred to.
The present invention has found in an experiment, maximum difficulty be how to realize porous ecological concrete covering material is direct
Pour in polluted bed mud to be repaired（Such as the pool bottom after landscape water body desilting）Form coating, porous ecological concrete covering material
Formula be undoubtedly most critical influence factor, should guarantee directly to pour can form when polluted bed mud to be repaired
Whole coating, ensures that the coating to be formed has certain intensity again, ensure that the overall structure of bed mud coating is complete
Whole property, will also ensure to be adapted to the growth of corresponding plant on coating.
The present invention is explored and research by a large amount of, has shown that one kind can apply to heavy metal and/or nitrogen and phosphorus pollution bed mud
The porous ecological concrete system of reparation.The porous ecological concrete system is by building active barrier system and cooperateing with plantation heavy
Water plant carries out lasting reparation in situ to polluted bed mud, and main scheme for implementing said method is：Material is covered using active porous eco-concrete
Material forms one layer of active barrier system in bed mud-water termination, and the active barrier system layer for being formed can effectively control weight in bed mud
The internal loading of metal and nitrogen phosphorus, the submerged plant planted thereon can cooperate with the nitrogen phosphorus absorbed in pore water and overlying water to seek
Support salt and heavy metal.
Porous ecological concrete system of the present invention not only can effectively control heavy metal in bed mud, nitrogen phosphorus and organic
The internal loading of pollutant, reduces heavy metal and nitrogen and phosphorus content in overlying water, and active porous eco-concrete therein
Coating can preferably ensure the overall structural integrity of bed mud coating, while the loose structure of coating can dwell the bottom of for
Biology provides good habitat, recovers and rebuilds beneficial to the benthonic realm for repairing the water body later stage, it is possible to achieve to lake, river
The in-situ immobilization of the pollution of water bed mud such as stream, reservoir, landscape water body and control Nitrogen In Sediment phosphorus, the release of heavy metal.
The invention has the advantages that：
（1）Porous ecological concrete system of the present invention can effectively prevent the loss of bed mud covering material, protect
The overall integrity of coating is held, the in-situ remediation system is run steadily in the long term, it is endogenous to contaminated sediments to reach
The lasting control of release.And mushy coating can provide good living environment for benthon, be conducive to repairing
Recover and rebuild in the benthonic realm in water body later stage.
（2）The active covering material that porous ecological concrete system of the present invention is used is zeolite, pelelith, activity
Carbon, or their mixture, the active covering material can effectively absorb the heavy metal and/or nitrogen phosphorus of sediment release, energy
Enough accomplish once to cover, multiple control.
（3）Planted in porous ecological concrete system of the present invention in porous ecological concrete layer on eel grass,
The submerged plants such as black algae, watermifoil, hornwort not only can effectively cooperate with coating reduction heavy metal and/or nitrogen phosphorus it is endogenous
Release, and help the benthonic realm for recovering to repair water body, to improve Water quality, and with good landscape effect.
（4）The material that porous ecological concrete system of the present invention is used is environmentally friendly material, only adds few
Amount chemical addition agent, cheap and easy to get, and the in-situ techniques implement simple, it is possible to the significant bed mud heavy metal, nitrogen phosphorus of suppressing is released
Put, be suitable to popularity.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with specific embodiment, but embodiment does not do any type of to the present invention
Limit.Unless stated otherwise, the reagent for using of the invention, method and apparatus are the art conventional reagent, method and apparatus.
Unless stated otherwise, agents useful for same of the present invention and material are purchased in market.
The preparation of the active porous eco-concrete of embodiment 1
1st, raw material：Zeolite, portland cement, polycarboxylic acid series high efficiency water reducing agent, water purchased in market.
2nd, Feedstock treating：Zeolite is crushed, sieve, cleaned, the zeolite that particle diameter is 5~10mm is chosen, with goal porosity>
25% design, is zeolite according to quality proportioning：Cement：Water=5.32：1：0.25 ratio, it is additional to account for the poly- of cement consumption 0.8%
High Efficient Diswater.
3rd, prepare：The water of total water consumption 1/4 is added in zeolite（Premixing water）, 1~2min is stirred, moisten zeolite surface
Afterwards, adding cement and water reducer, 1~2min of stir about makes zeolite surface uniformly wrap up last layer cement mortar shell, adds residue
Mixing water continue 2~3min of stir about to being thoroughly mixed.
The active porous eco-concrete mixture prepared by is directly poured in polluted bed mud to be repaired（Such as landscape
Pool bottom after water body desilting）Coating can be formed.
The preparation of the active porous eco-concrete of embodiment 2
1st, raw material：Zeolite, portland cement, polycarboxylic acid series high efficiency water reducing agent, water purchased in market.
2nd, Feedstock treating：Zeolite is crushed, sieve, cleaned, the zeolite that particle diameter is 5~10mm is chosen, with goal porosity>
25% design, is zeolite according to quality proportioning：Cement：Water=4.02：1：0.25 ratio, the additional poly- carboxylic for accounting for cement consumption 0.5%
Sour series high-efficiency water-reducing agent.
3rd, prepare：The water of total water consumption 1/4 is added in zeolite（Premixing water）, 1~2min is stirred, moisten zeolite surface
Afterwards, adding cement and water reducer, 1~2min of stir about makes zeolite surface uniformly wrap up last layer cement mortar shell, adds residue
Mixing water continue 2~3min of stir about to being thoroughly mixed.
The active porous eco-concrete mixture prepared by is directly poured in polluted bed mud to be repaired（Such as landscape
Pool bottom after water body desilting）Coating can be formed.
The preparation of the active porous eco-concrete of embodiment 3
1st, raw material：Zeolite, portland cement, polycarboxylic acid series high efficiency water reducing agent, water purchased in market.
2nd, Feedstock treating：Zeolite is crushed, sieve, cleaned, the zeolite that particle diameter is 5~10mm is chosen, with goal porosity>
25% design, is zeolite according to quality proportioning：Cement：Water=5.69：1：0.30 ratio, the additional polycarboxylic acids for accounting for cement consumption 1%
Series high-efficiency water-reducing agent.
3rd, prepare：The water of total water consumption 1/4 is added in zeolite（Premixing water）, 1~2min is stirred, moisten zeolite surface
Afterwards, adding cement and water reducer, 1~2min of stir about makes zeolite surface uniformly wrap up last layer cement mortar shell, adds residue
Mixing water continue 2~3min of stir about to being thoroughly mixed.
The active porous eco-concrete mixture prepared by is directly poured in polluted bed mud to be repaired（Such as landscape
Pool bottom after water body desilting）Coating can be formed.
The preparation of the active porous eco-concrete of embodiment 4
1st, raw material：Pelelith, portland cement, polycarboxylic acid series high efficiency water reducing agent, water purchased in market.
2nd, Feedstock treating：Pelelith is crushed, sieve, cleaned, the pelelith that particle diameter is 5~10mm is chosen, with target hole
Gap rate>25% design, is pelelith according to quality proportioning：Cement：Water=4.29: 1 :0.28 ratio, it is additional to account for cement use
The polycarboxylic acid series high efficiency water reducing agent of amount 0.5%.
3rd, prepare：The water of total water consumption 1/4 is added in pelelith（Premixing water）, 1~2min is stirred, make pelelith surface
After moistening, cement and water reducer, 1~2min of stir about is added pelelith surface is uniformly wrapped up last layer cement mortar shell, then add
Enter remaining mixing water and continue 2~3min of stir about to being thoroughly mixed.
The active porous eco-concrete mixture prepared by is directly poured in polluted bed mud to be repaired（Such as landscape
Pool bottom after water body desilting）Coating can be formed.
The preparation of the active porous eco-concrete of embodiment 5
1st, raw material：Activated carbon, portland cement, polycarboxylic acid series high efficiency water reducing agent, water purchased in market.
2nd, Feedstock treating：Activated carbon is crushed, sieve, cleaned, the activated carbon that particle diameter is 5~10mm is chosen, with target hole
Gap rate>25% design, is activated carbon according to quality proportioning：Cement：Water=5.69：1：0.26 ratio, it is additional to account for cement consumption
0.7% polycarboxylic acid series high efficiency water reducing agent.
3rd, prepare：The water of total water consumption 1/4 is added in activated carbon（Premixing water）, 1~2min is stirred, make activated carbon surface
After moistening, cement and water reducer, 1~2min of stir about is added activated carbon surface is uniformly wrapped up last layer cement mortar shell, then add
Enter remaining mixing water and continue 2~3min of stir about to being thoroughly mixed.
The active porous eco-concrete mixture prepared by is directly poured in polluted bed mud to be repaired（Such as landscape
Pool bottom after water body desilting）Coating can be formed.
The preparation of the active porous eco-concrete of embodiment 6
1st, raw material：Zeolite purchased in market and activated carbon, portland cement, polycarboxylic acid series high efficiency water reducing agent, water.
2nd, Feedstock treating：Zeolite and activated carbon are crushed, sieve, cleaned, choose zeolite and activity that particle diameter is 5~10mm
Carbon, with goal porosity>25% design, is coarse aggregate according to quality proportioning：Cement：Water=5.32：1：0.25 ratio, it is additional to account for
The polycarboxylic acid series high efficiency water reducing agent of cement consumption 0.8%；The coarse aggregate is that mass ratio is 2：1 zeolite and activated carbon.
3rd, prepare：The water of total water consumption 1/4 is added in coarse aggregate（Premixing water）, 1~2min is stirred, make coarse aggregate surface
After moistening, cement and water reducer, 1~2min of stir about is added coarse aggregate surface is uniformly wrapped up last layer cement mortar shell, then add
Enter remaining mixing water and continue 2~3min of stir about to being thoroughly mixed.
The active porous eco-concrete mixture prepared by is directly poured in polluted bed mud to be repaired（Such as landscape
Pool bottom after water body desilting）Coating can be formed.
The preparation of the active porous eco-concrete of embodiment 7
1st, raw material：Zeolite purchased in market and pelelith, portland cement, polycarboxylic acid series high efficiency water reducing agent, water.
2nd, Feedstock treating：Zeolite and pelelith are crushed, sieve, cleaned, choose zeolite and volcano that particle diameter is 5~10mm
Stone, with goal porosity>25% design, is coarse aggregate according to quality proportioning：Cement：Water=5.32：1：0.25 ratio, it is additional to account for
The polycarboxylic acid series high efficiency water reducing agent of cement consumption 0.8%；The coarse aggregate is that mass ratio is 2：1 zeolite and pelelith.
3rd, prepare：The water of total water consumption 1/4 is added in coarse aggregate（Premixing water）, 1~2min is stirred, make coarse aggregate surface
After moistening, cement and water reducer, 1~2min of stir about is added coarse aggregate surface is uniformly wrapped up last layer cement mortar shell, then add
Enter remaining mixing water and continue 2~3min of stir about to being thoroughly mixed.
The active porous eco-concrete mixture prepared by is directly poured in polluted bed mud to be repaired（Such as landscape
Pool bottom after water body desilting）Coating can be formed.
The preparation of the active porous eco-concrete of embodiment 8
1st, raw material：Zeolite purchased in market, pelelith and activated carbon, portland cement, polycarboxylic acid series high efficiency water reducing agent, water.
2nd, Feedstock treating：Zeolite, pelelith and activated carbon are crushed, sieve, cleaned, choose the boiling that particle diameter is 5~10mm
Stone and activated carbon, with goal porosity>25% design, is coarse aggregate according to quality proportioning：Cement：Water=5.32：1：0.25 ratio
Example, the additional polycarboxylic acid series high efficiency water reducing agent for accounting for cement consumption 0.8%；The coarse aggregate is that mass ratio is 2：1：1 zeolite, fire
Mountain stone and activated carbon.
3rd, prepare：The water of total water consumption 1/4 is added in coarse aggregate（Premixing water）, 1~2min is stirred, make coarse aggregate surface
After moistening, cement and water reducer, 1~2min of stir about is added coarse aggregate surface is uniformly wrapped up last layer cement mortar shell, then add
Enter remaining mixing water and continue 2~3min of stir about to being thoroughly mixed.
The active porous eco-concrete mixture prepared by is directly poured in polluted bed mud to be repaired（Such as landscape
Pool bottom after water body desilting）Coating can be formed.
Substantial amounts of explorative experiment has been done in this research, as a result shows, the active porous ecological coagulation prepared by embodiment 1~8
Soil can directly be poured and form coating in polluted bed mud to be repaired well.Because data are lengthy and jumbled, only present with reality here
Apply the data that the active porous eco-concrete prepared by example does related experiment（Embodiment 9 and 10）, it is of the invention to illustrate
Effect.
Substantial amounts of explorative experiment has been done in this research, as a result shows, according to technical solutions according to the invention（Including embodiment
1~8）Prepared active porous eco-concrete can directly be poured and form covering in polluted bed mud to be repaired well
Layer, and can be good at supplying submerged plant growth.
Consider many factors, property etc. mobility, dispersiveness, stickiness including porous ecological concrete, it is ensured that
It can be good at directly pouring and forms coating in polluted bed mud to be repaired, and can be suitable for submerged plant life
It is long, and porous ecological concrete coating and submerged plant heavy metal and the Collaborative Control and removal work of nitrogen and phosphorus pollutantses
With, draw can embodiment be：Active porous eco-concrete covering material include following weight than component：Active thick bone
Material：Cement：Water=4.02~5.69：1：0.25~0.30, also including accounting for the poly carboxylic acid series water reducer of cement weight 0.5~1%；Institute
It is one or more in zeolite, pelelith or activated carbon to state active coarse aggregate.The thickness of porous ecological concrete coating is
0.5~5cm.Planted planting submerged plant is the submerged plant of growth in eel grass, black algae, watermifoil, hornwort or water body to be repaired,
The planting density of submerged plant is 10~80g/m2。
Preferred scheme is：The active porous eco-concrete covering material includes that weight ratio is 4.52~5.51：1：
0.25~0.28 active coarse aggregate, cement and water, also including accounting for the poly carboxylic acid series water reducer of cement weight 0.7~0.8%.It is many
The thickness of hole eco-concrete coating is 0.5~5cm.Planted planting submerged plant is black algae or eel grass, the planting density of black algae
It is 20g/m2, the planting density of eel grass is 40g/m2。
Most preferably scheme is：The active porous eco-concrete covering material includes that weight ratio is 5.32：1：0.25
Active coarse aggregate, cement and water, also including accounting for the poly carboxylic acid series water reducer of cement weight 0.8%.Planted planting submerged plant is black
Algae, planting density is 20g/m2.The thickness of the porous ecological concrete coating is 2cm.
Because data are lengthy and jumbled, only present do related real with the active porous eco-concrete prepared by embodiment 1 here
The data tested（Embodiment 9 and 10）, to illustrate effect of the invention.
The porous ecological concrete coating of embodiment 9 controls the internal loading simulation of heavy metal and nitrogen and phosphorus pollution bed mud real
Test
1st, artificial compounding high concentration polluted bed mud
（1）Tested bed mud is adopted to Guangdong Province's reservoir, to adding PbCl in bed mud2、CdCl2、MnCl2、ZnCl2、
KH2PO4、NH4Cl makes sediment pollution.Pollutant concentration with reference to pollutant load scope under Guangdong Province's Reservoir Sediment natural conditions, release
Put characteristic and amplified by a certain percentage from zeolite covering material absorption/fixed performance and set.
Respective compound dosage is respectively by the Pb for pre-setting2+、Cd2+、Mn2+、Zn2+、PO4 3-、NH4 +Each ion concentration
Convert and obtain, specific value is as shown in table 1：
Table 1
（2）There is lid white polypropylene bucket to cover simulation test device as polluted bed mud using 5L, black is used before experiment
Plastic film wrapped is added with lucifuge, the polluted bed mud self-chambering top set portion that will be mixed thoroughly, and bed mud thickness is maintained at about
3cm。
2nd, Setup Experiments
（1）Active porous eco-concrete mixture prepared by embodiment 1 is directly poured in polluted bed mud shape to be repaired
Into coating, the coating for pouring sets three kinds of cladding thicknesses respectively：0.5cm、1.0cm、2.0cm.Set without covering material
The experimental group of material is used as control.
（2）Overlying water is filled it up with siphon mode（Pure water）, add a cover and seal holding anaerobism.Above-mentioned experiment respectively do one it is parallel
Experiment, takes overlying water sample when 0,1,3,6,10,15,21,30d, determines each ion concentration.
3rd, experimental result
Experiment display, after 20d, covering system reaches stabilization, tests latter stage, and the average inhibition of each ion sees below respectively
Table：
Table 2
The plantation experiment of the submerged plant of embodiment 10
It is many with activity in active porous supratectal plantation situation, and submerged plant that the present embodiment investigates submerged plant
The internal loading effect of heavy metal and nitrogen phosphorus in the Collaborative Control bed mud of hole coating.The main growth shape for investigating submerged plant
Condition, landscape situation and heavy metal, nitrogen, the removal effect of phosphorus.
1st, using the test tank of 75 cm × 75 cm × 65 cm, bottom of pond laying depth is the cleaning bed mud of 10cm, is used
2cm activity coatings, plant black algae and eel grass respectively, respectively set 3 planting densities：20g/m2、40g/m2、72g/m2.Contrast is empty
White group does not plant any plant.
Nitrogen, phosphorus concentration scope are in experiment overlying water：TN（2.0~7.0mg/L）, NH4 +（1.0~4.0mg/L）, NO3 -
（1.0~3.0mg/L）, TP（0.1~0.5mg/L）, COD-cr（10.0~40.0mg/L）.The same embodiment of concentration of heavy metal ion
Described in 2 tables 1.
2nd, experimental result
（1）Result of the test shows that submerged plant grows fine, and survival rate is 100%, contrasts blank group, water transparency
Significantly improve, with preferable landscape effect.
By the experiment of 4 months, the biomass increased times of black algae were respectively 16.9,22.9 and 38.3 times, the life of eel grass
Thing amount increased times are respectively 3.2,8.7 and 7.6 times.
The planting density of black algae is 72g/m2When, the upgrowth situation of black algae is best；And the planting density of eel grass is 40g/m2
When, the upgrowth situation of eel grass is best.
（2）Black algae group and eel grass group are to TN, NO in water body3 -、NH4 +、PO4 3-Clearance is as shown in table 3.
Table 3
As shown in Table 3, by the experiment of 4 months, black algae group is to TN, NO in water body3 -、NH4 +、PO4 3-Average removal rate point
Wei not 52.1%, 38.7%, 87.5%, 66.9%, eel grass group respectively 48.9%, 45.1%, 81.3%, 62.3%.Comprehensively see, black algae group
With respect to eel grass group more preferably.Meanwhile, the planting density of black algae is 20g/m2When, to TN, NO in water body3 -、NH4 +、PO4 3-Clearance is most
It is good；And the planting density for working as eel grass is 40g/m2When, to TN, NO in water body3 -、NH4 +、PO4 3-Clearance is best.
（3）By the experiment of 4 months, the suppression of heavy metal was as shown in table 4.
Table 4
As shown in Table 4, black algae group is slightly better than eel grass group, wherein the optimal planting density of black algae group is 20g/m2,And eel grass group
Optimal planting density be 40g/m2。
Comprehensive each side factor considers that the optimal of black algae is planted in porous ecological concrete coating collaboration of the present invention
Planting density is 20g/m2, the optimal planting density of collaboration plantation eel grass is 40g/m2.And cooperate with the black algae of plantation to be better than eel grass.
In sum, experimental result illustrates the original position of heavy metal provided by the present invention and/or nitrogen and phosphorus pollution bed mud
Continue recovery technique, can effectively control, by heavy metal, the internal loading of nitrogen and phosphorus pollution bed mud, to prevent covering material to be lost in,
Allow repair system it is long-term, persistently, the covering bed mud of stabilization, and loose structure is conducive to the growth of submerged plant, beneficial to repairing
The rehydration body later stage benthonic realm reconstruction.
Claims (8)
1. application of a kind of porous ecological concrete system in heavy metal and/or nitrogen and phosphorus pollution remedying sludge, it is characterised in that
The porous ecological concrete system includes porous ecological concrete layer, and the porous ecological concrete layer refers to be covered in bottom
The active porous eco-concrete covering material of mud-water termination, the active porous eco-concrete covering material includes following
Weight than component：Active coarse aggregate：Cement：Water=4.02~5.69：1：0.25~0.30；The active coarse aggregate be zeolite,
One or more in pelelith or activated carbon.
2. apply according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the active porous eco-concrete covering material also includes accounting for
The poly carboxylic acid series water reducer of cement weight 0.5~1%.
3. apply according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the active porous eco-concrete covering material includes weight
Than being 4.52~5.51：1：0.25~0.28 active coarse aggregate, cement and water, also including accounting for cement weight 0.7~0.8%
Poly carboxylic acid series water reducer.
4. apply according to claim 2, it is characterised in that application process is：
S1. coarse aggregate chooses the coarse aggregate that particle diameter is 5~10mm by crushing, sieving, clean, and adds total water consumption 1/4
Water, stirs 1~2min, after making coarse aggregate surface wettability, adds cement and water reducer, 1~2min of stir about to make coarse aggregate surface
Uniform parcel last layer cement mortar shell, the water for adding surplus continues 2~3min of stir about to being thoroughly mixed；
S2. the mixture for S1 being obtained directly is poured and forms coating in polluted bed mud to be repaired, and the overburden cover for pouring is
0.5~5cm.
5. apply according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the porous ecological concrete system also includes porous ecological mixed
The submerged plant planted on solidifying soil layer.
6. apply according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the submerged plant is eel grass, black algae, watermifoil, hornwort
Or other submerged plants grown in water body to be repaired, the planting density of submerged plant is 10~80g/m2。
7. apply according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the submerged plant is black algae or eel grass, the plantation of black algae is close
It is 20g/m to spend2, the planting density of eel grass is 40g/m2。
8. apply according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the active porous eco-concrete covering material includes weight
Than being 5.32：1：0.25 active coarse aggregate, cement and water, also including accounting for the poly carboxylic acid series water reducer of cement weight 0.8%；Institute
The thickness for stating porous ecological concrete coating is 2cm.
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| CN105819632B (en) * | 2016-05-24 | 2018-11-23 | 安徽美自然环境科技有限公司 | A method of draining pipe culvert, which is constructed, with zeolite air entrained concrete improves ammonia nitrogen removal frank in draining |
| CN108398547A (en) * | 2018-02-02 | 2018-08-14 | 北京中科乾和环保科技服务有限公司 | A kind of water silk earthworm is applied to contaminated sediments repairing effect appraisal procedure |
| CN110757647B (en) * | 2019-11-22 | 2020-11-13 | 生态环境部华南环境科学研究所 | Submerged plant-growing concrete and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN111018119A (en) * | 2019-11-27 | 2020-04-17 | 广州市龙运博环保技术有限公司 | Constructed wetland treatment system and method for efficiently treating heavy metal and nitrogen and phosphorus polluted aquaculture wastewater |
| CN111362719A (en) * | 2020-03-19 | 2020-07-03 | 浙江开元新型墙体材料有限公司 | Autoclaved aerated concrete slab applied to water treatment |
| CN111333381B (en) * | 2020-04-16 | 2021-11-23 | 国家林业和草原局昆明勘察设计院 | Ecological concrete and preparation method thereof |
| CN112125700B (en) * | 2020-09-28 | 2021-10-22 | 上海交通大学 | Water purification type pervious concrete capable of removing nitrogen and phosphorus and preparation method thereof |
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