CN101224465B - Method of leaching and repairing cadmium polluted coast saline soil - Google Patents
Method of leaching and repairing cadmium polluted coast saline soil Download PDFInfo
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- CN101224465B CN101224465B CN2008100260520A CN200810026052A CN101224465B CN 101224465 B CN101224465 B CN 101224465B CN 2008100260520 A CN2008100260520 A CN 2008100260520A CN 200810026052 A CN200810026052 A CN 200810026052A CN 101224465 B CN101224465 B CN 101224465B
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- gas desulfurization
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Abstract
The invention discloses a leaching method for Cadmium Polluted coastal saline soil, which utilizes the calcium ion in the flue gas desulfurization to substitute the Cd in an exchange state in soil and transfers the dissolved Cd into lower layer of soil profile via freshwater leaching, then Cd is renewedly absorbed by soil colloid at the lower layer, thereby achieving soil remediation from root and providing safety protection for planting the crop. The invention has the advantages of high pollutants removal rate and less time consumption, which can not only achieve treatment of polluted soil, but also provide a new application for the solid waste from the flue gas desulfurization.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to heavy-metal contaminated soil recovery technique field, be specifically related to the method that metallic pollution soil is repaired in a kind of drip washing.
Background technology
The heavy-metal contaminated soil reparation can be divided into materialization recovery technique, phytoremediation technology two big classes on principle, wherein the physical chemistry recovery technique comprises chemical treatment method, physical separation method, curing/stabilizing method, high-temperature processing method etc. again.Different recovery techniques can be divided into original position reparation and dystopy reparation two big classes again on technology.
Chemical oxidation/reduction is handled, and pollutant in soil is converted into the compound of nontoxic or low toxicity, or makes it to form the compound that chemical property is more stable, animal migration is more weak.The shortcoming of this technology is that pollutant still is present in the soil, in case the soil physical chemistry environmental change, heavy metal might reactivate and produce harm.
Physical technique separates, and promptly utilizes physics mode that pollutant is migrated out from soil.(1) aqueous solution drip washing: a large amount of water or other chemical reagent are poured in the soil, so that the pollutant in the soil is cleared out.Common agents has HCl, EDTA, CaCl
2Deng.This technology drops into commercial operation in a large number at present, mainly is to be used to handle organic polluted soil, but also has the minority place to be used to handle heavy-metal contaminated soil (mainly being Cr VI).(2) electrodynamics technology: promptly electrode is inserted in the soil, feed low intensive direct current again, charged contamination particle (or ion) is produced under effect of electric field towards the direction of both ends of electrode do directed moving, and it is neighbouring so that collect to accumulate in electrode, again pollutant is carried out post-processed on the ground at last.This technology can only be handled the pollutant that exists with charged ion that is dissolved in the liquid of soil aperture.Be mainly used at present and handle the low contaminated soil of permeability.This technology is put into commercial operation in Europe, has been used to handle the contaminated soil that contains Cu, Pb, Zn, As, Cd, Cr or Ni.The shortcoming of this technology is that pollutant must be dissolving, and effect depends on pH in soil, must use cushioning liquid to keep the pH value of electrode.
The curing/stabilizing treatment technology is wrapped up in limit to pollutant in certain medium.According to the medium difference, comprise cement solidification, lime curing, modified clay, thermoplastic, thermosetting resin.The shortcoming of this technology is to have destroyed soil texture, and soil can not continue to use, and is fit to the reparation of high strength contaminated site.
The vitrifying technology is promptly descended contaminated soil to be melted at high temperature (more than 1500 ℃) and is glass or the nature of glass and mixed crystal.Soil through this technical finesse can not continue to use.
Phytoremediation technology mainly is to utilize heavy metal super-enriched plant that heavy-metal contaminated soil is repaired.At present 700 various heavy ultraproducts have been found in the whole world tired/enriching plant, wherein maximum with the nickel hyperaccumulative plant, mainly be distributed in areas such as southern Europe, North America, Western Australia and India.The shortcoming of this technology is that heavy metal hyperaccumulative/enriching plant of finding at present mostly is wild plant, yield poorly, repair time is long, generally need the several years, the plant growth has very strong region, not necessarily adapt to various weathers and edaphic condition, but also do not have ripe cultivation management technology, the plant treatment after the results also has problems.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the prior art above shortcomings, a kind of method of leaching and repairing cadmium polluted coast saline soil is provided, this method is polluted the concrete characteristics of enclosing and cultivating beach soil according to deficiency and the Cd that prior art exists, by adopting specific drip washing technology to carry out repair process, reduce the Cd pollution level of the crops root layer 30cm soil of coast saline soil (enclosing and cultivating beach soil) significantly.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of method of leaching and repairing cadmium polluted coast saline soil comprises the steps:
(1) desulfurizing byproduct is mixed the top layer of executing cadmium polluted coast saline soil, repairing the required desulfurizing byproduct amount of application of crops root layer 30cm soil is 13.5～54 tons of per hectares, the desulfurizing byproduct average mark of this consumption is used for 2～8 times, and the main component of described flue gas desulfurization byproduct is CaSO42H2O and CaSO3;
(2) add freshwater soaking drip washing after using flue gas desulfurization byproduct at every turn, make flue gas desulfurization byproduct dissolving and cadmium pollution thing migrate to lower soil, each water consumption is 350～450 cubic metres of per hectares, and each drip washing repair time is 6～8 days.
In the said method, also comprise before in step (1): the quality to flue gas desulfurization byproduct is monitored, and the flue gas desulfurization byproduct that Cd content, other content of beary metal that has only Cd content to be lower than required rehabilitating soil is lower than national soil environment quality standard (Hg 0.5mg/kg, As 25mg/kg, Cr 200mg/kg, Ni 50mg/kg, Pb 300mg/kg) could adopt.Described other heavy metal is one or more among Hg, As, Cr, Ni, the Pb.
Know-why of the present invention is as follows:
The present invention is applicable to mainly that Cd pollutes encloses and cultivates beach soil.This soil has three characteristics: before (1) is enclosed and cultivated sea water immersion to influence salt content generally higher, the chemical form that is subjected to high salinity to influence Cd is that non-obligate is adsorbed as the master with exchange state; (2) vertical section of soil Cd distributes different with common farmland pollution, common agricultural land soil pollutes and generally concentrates on the top layer, and enclose and cultivate beach soil is to be formed through artificial short the silt by deposit, sedimental pollution causes enclosing and cultivating the entire profile of soil from the top layer to the bottom is all polluted, and section distributes relatively more consistent; (3) enclose and cultivate the phreatic water that the beach soil region underlies and be subjected to seawater influence mostly to be salt water, and Cd pollutes also relatively more seriously, do not possess use value.
Flue gas desulfurization byproduct is a kind of solid waste that the coal desulfurization process of industrial generation produces, and its main component is CaSO
42H
2O and CaSO
3Present technique is polluted the These characteristics of enclosing and cultivating beach soil according to Cd, utilize the exchange state Cd in the calcium ion replacement soil in the flue gas desulfurization byproduct, migrate to soil profile lower floor by fresh water drip washing again after it is become solubilised state, again adsorbed by soil colloid in lower floor, thereby make root layer soil obtain repairing, for the plantation of crops safety provides safeguard.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following advantage and effect:
The characteristics of beach soil Cd chemical form of enclosing and cultivating according to our early-stage Study based on exchange state, the present invention proposes to utilize replace exchange state Cd in the soil of the calcium ion in the flue gas desulfurization byproduct first, both can make root layer contaminated soil obtain repairing, the recycling new way that provides of this solid waste of flue gas desulfurization byproduct had been provided again.The heavy metal Cd content clearance of crop topsoil 0～30cm soil layer is 10.5%～19.6%, and soil profile 50～70cm heavy metal Cd content rises 28.67%.General drip washing repair time is 15-56 days.China is at present ripe utilizes the enriching plant Sedum alfredii Hance to repair contaminated soil about Cd content 3mg/kg, Cd content and per unit area yield calculating in the plant during by results, the heavy metal Cd clearance of each season of growth to upper soll layer 0～30cm soil layer is below 1%.Removal efficient of the present invention is much higher than phytoremediation, and consuming time shorter.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the specific embodiment of the present invention is described further.
Embodiment 1
Rehabilitating soil is that Nansha District ten thousand hectares of husky towns in Guangzhou enclose and cultivate soil.0～30cm topsoil Cd average content is 3.24mg/kg, 30～40cm 2.4mg/kg, 40～50cm 2.65mg/kg, 50～70cm 2.93mg/kg.Repair purpose for reducing the required 0～30cm root layer soil Cd average content of general crop as far as possible.Use 13.5 tons of desulfurizing byproduct per hectares, be divided into 2 times and use, mix with soil.Add freshwater soaking drip washing after using at every turn, 350 cubic metres of each water consumption per hectares, each drip washing repair time is 7 days.After drip washing finished, 0～30cm topsoil Cd average content was 2.9mg/kg, the clearance 10.5% of Cd.The soil Cd average content of 50～70cm degree of depth increases to 3.42mg/kg by 2.93mg/kg; The soil Cd average content of 40～50cm degree of depth keeps original 2.65mg/kg level substantially.
Embodiment 2
Rehabilitating soil is that Nansha District ten thousand hectares of husky towns in Guangzhou enclose and cultivate soil.0～30cm topsoil Cd average content is 3.24mg/kg, 30～40cm 2.4mg/kg, 40～50cm 2.65mg/kg, 50～70cm 2.93mg/kg.Repair purpose for reducing the required 0～30cm root layer soil Cd average content of general crop as far as possible.Use 54 tons of desulfurizing byproduct per hectares, be divided into 8 times and use, mix with soil.Add freshwater soaking drip washing after using at every turn, 400 cubic metres of each water consumption per hectares, each drip washing repair time is 7 days.After drip washing finished, 0～30cm topsoil Cd average content was 2.58mg/kg, the clearance 19.6% of Cd.The soil Cd average content of 50～70cm degree of depth increases to 3.77mg/kg by 2.93mg/kg; The soil Cd average content of 40～50cm degree of depth increases to 2.93mg/kg by 2.65mg/kg.
Embodiment 3
Rehabilitating soil is that Nansha District ten thousand hectares of husky towns in Guangzhou enclose and cultivate soil.0～30cm topsoil Cd average content is 3.24mg/kg, 30～40cm 2.4mg/kg, 40～50cm 2.65mg/kg, 50～70cm 2.93mg/kg.Repair purpose for reducing the required 0～30cm root layer soil Cd average content of general crop as far as possible.Use 40.5 tons of desulfurizing byproduct per hectares, be divided into 6 times and use, mix with soil.Add freshwater soaking drip washing after using at every turn, 400 cubic metres of each water consumption per hectares, each drip washing repair time is 8 days.After drip washing finished, 0～30cm topsoil Cd average content was 2.67mg/kg, the clearance 17.9% of Cd.The soil Cd average content of 50～70cm degree of depth increases to 3.62mg/kg by 2.93mg/kg; The soil Cd average content of 40～50cm degree of depth increases to 3.03mg/kg by 2.65mg/kg.
Embodiment 4
Rehabilitating soil is that Nansha District ten thousand hectares of husky towns in Guangzhou enclose and cultivate soil.0～30cm topsoil Cd average content is 3.24mg/kg, 30～40cm 2.4mg/kg, 40～50cm 2.65mg/kg, 50～70cm 2.93mg/kg.Repair purpose for reducing the required 0～30cm root layer soil Cd average content of general crop as far as possible.Use 27 tons of desulfurizing byproduct per hectares, be divided into 4 times and use, mix with soil.Add freshwater soaking drip washing after using at every turn, 450 cubic metres of each water consumption per hectares, each drip washing repair time is 6 days.After drip washing finished, 0～30cm topsoil Cd average content was 2.78mg/kg, the clearance 13.5% of Cd.The soil Cd average content of 50～70cm degree of depth increases to 3.63mg/kg by 2.93mg/kg; The soil Cd average content of 40～50cm degree of depth increases to 2.85mg/kg by 2.65mg/kg.
Claims (3)
1. the method for a leaching and repairing cadmium polluted coast saline soil is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1) flue gas desulfurization byproduct is mixed the top layer of executing cadmium polluted coast saline soil, repairing the required flue gas desulfurization byproduct amount of application of root layer 30cm soil is 13.5～54 tons of per hectares, the flue gas desulfurization byproduct average mark of this consumption is used for 2～8 times, and the main component of described flue gas desulfurization byproduct is CaSO
42H
2O and CaSO
3
(2) add freshwater soaking drip washing after using flue gas desulfurization byproduct at every turn, make flue gas desulfurization byproduct dissolving and cadmium pollution thing migrate to lower soil, each water consumption is 350～450 cubic metres of per hectares, and each drip washing repair time is 6～8 days;
Step (1) also comprises before: the quality to flue gas desulfurization byproduct is monitored, have only cadmium content to be lower than the cadmium content of required rehabilitating soil, the flue gas desulfurization byproduct that other content of beary metal is lower than national soil environment quality standard could adopt, described other heavy metal is one or more among Hg, As, Cr, Ni, the Pb;
The national soil environment quality standard of described Hg, As, Cr, Ni, Pb is respectively: Hg 0.5mg/kg, As 25mg/kg, Cr 200mg/kg, Ni 50mg/kg, Pb 300mg/kg.
2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that described each drip washing repair time is 7 days.
3. according to each described method of claim 1～2, the chemical form that it is characterized in that cadmium in the described cadmium polluted coast saline soil is based on exchange state.
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| CN101224465B true CN101224465B (en) | 2011-08-24 |
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Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101823922B (en) * | 2010-04-19 | 2013-04-10 | 中国热带农业科学院分析测试中心 | Soil improvement nutrient solution for reducing heavy metal cadmium content of vegetables |
| CN102764756B (en) * | 2012-07-13 | 2014-02-19 | 暨南大学 | Method for remediation of lead pollution on beach soil |
| CN103157810B (en) * | 2013-03-11 | 2015-05-06 | 华南师范大学 | Manufacturing method and application of poly brominated diphenyl ethers polluted soil in-situ remediation material |
| CN103831293A (en) * | 2014-02-19 | 2014-06-04 | 江苏日升环保工程有限公司 | Complete equipment for soil remediation by leaching method |
| CN103831291A (en) * | 2014-02-19 | 2014-06-04 | 江苏日升环保工程有限公司 | Preliminary screening and separating machine for soil remediation by leaching method |
| CN103878171B (en) * | 2014-03-27 | 2016-01-20 | 常州大学 | A kind of Ecological Disposal bed of chromium-polluted soil |
| CN104449752A (en) * | 2014-10-23 | 2015-03-25 | 江苏盖亚环境工程有限公司 | Soil restoration agent capable of reducing chromium, zinc and copper pollution and preparation method thereof |
| CN110508608A (en) * | 2019-08-09 | 2019-11-29 | 广东东升实业集团有限公司 | A method of utilizing the leaching and repairing cadmium polluted soil of potash fertilizer |
| CN114309050B (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-12-06 | 常州大学 | Device and method for in-situ remediation of organic contaminated soil by using flue gas |
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Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
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| 房剑红.重金属污染滨海盐渍土壤淋洗改良研究.暨南大学硕士学位论文.2007,8,40,41,46. * |
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