CN104014586A - Method for restoring copper-polluted soil by using chelating agent to induce typha orientalis L - Google Patents
Method for restoring copper-polluted soil by using chelating agent to induce typha orientalis L Download PDFInfo
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- CN104014586A CN104014586A CN201410281534.6A CN201410281534A CN104014586A CN 104014586 A CN104014586 A CN 104014586A CN 201410281534 A CN201410281534 A CN 201410281534A CN 104014586 A CN104014586 A CN 104014586A
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- soil
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- cattail
- polluted soil
- chelating agent
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for restoring copper-polluted soil by inducing typha orientalis to use a chelating agent, which comprises the following steps: 1) applying base fertilizer to the copper-polluted soil, and sowing typha orientalis after applying the base fertilizer; 2) thinning seedlings of cattail after budding, keeping the field water holding capacity at 55-65% in the growing period, and adding fertilizer after 3-5 weeks of growth; 3) the cattail grows for 9-11 weeks, a chelating agent is added into the soil for one time for 8-12 mmol/kg, and then the cattail grows naturally; 4) after the growth period is finished, cutting off the overground part of the plant along 1cm of the surface of the soil, wherein the copper content in the copper-polluted soil is reduced by 47.7-53.8% compared with that before restoration; 5) and (4) repeating the steps 1) to 4) until the copper content in the copper-polluted soil is lower than 50mg/kg, so as to obtain the repaired copper-polluted soil. The invention has the advantages of low cost, strong operability, no damage to the soil structure, no secondary pollution risk and good effect.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to environmental protection and metal mine contaminated site soil remediation field, particularly, the present invention relates to a kind of method of utilizing chelating agent induction cattail to repair copper polluted soil.
Technical background
Since the last century, along with rapid development of economy, environmental pollution particularly heavy metal pollution of soil is day by day serious, and region ecology safety, agricultural product quality and health are caused to great threat.The approach of heavy-metal contaminated soil mainly comprises waste gas, waste water and the waste residue of industrial and mining enterprises' discharges such as mine selecting and purchasing, smelting, the flying dust that the burning such as coal produces, sewage irrigation, Insecticides (tech) & Herbicides (tech) etc. residue in soil accumulation enrichment etc. after using containing the chemical fertilizer such as agricultural chemicals and phosphate fertilizer of heavy metal.The phenomenon of copper polluted soil is commonplace in China some areas, especially in non-ferrous metal mining area and surrounding area, smeltery even more serious.Therefore, repair mining area and smeltery's periphery heavy-metal contaminated soil, recover soil original function, be difficult point both domestic and external and focus environmental problem always, and regional development and national sustainable development are of great immediate significance.
At present, traditional heavy metal pollution of soil restorative procedure mainly contains:
(1) engineering measure
Mainly comprise chemical leaching, soil moved in to improve the original soil removal and replacement, electronic reparation, electric heating reparation, solidify etc.
Chemical leaching method is one of effective means of effectively processing in serious pollution soil, and the key of the method is the selection of eluent, and existence investment is simultaneously large, eluent reclaims difficult control, has the problems such as secondary pollution risk, loss of soil nutrient.
Soil moved in to improve the original soil replacement method is applicable to small size contaminated soil, after soil moved in to improve the original, cures the symptoms, not the disease, and is equivalent to " artificially dilution ", and the contaminated soil scooping away after soil removal and replacement still needs to administer, and has the environmental risk of secondary pollution.
Electronic repairing method is applicable to the clay soil property of hypotonicity, economical rationality, but heavy metal pollution species, the mineral composition etc. of soil all can affect the effect of electronic reparation.The preferably graphite of electrode adopting, metal electrode easily corrodes.
Electric heating repairing method is applicable to remove the heavy metal that volatility is stronger, for example mercury.Soil moisture content is too high and power consumption is large, heavy metal gaseous state loss etc. is the current technical bottleneck of electric heating repairing method.
Solidification method can be realized " with the pollution treatment of giving up ", with low cost, and the product after solidifying still can fully utilize, for example, pave the way etc.But solidification method has just temporarily changed heavy metal and had a form in soil, and after the several years, can soil accomplish that long-term stability hangs in doubt.
(2) agricultural measures
Agricultural measures mainly comprises controls soil moisture, adjusting soil pH and Eh value, changing cropping pattern, adjustment crop species, Rational Application fertilizer, interpolation modifying agent or inhibitor etc.Take agricultural measures restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal to combine with conventional farming, it is convenient to implement, and cost is lower, but repairing efficiency is long, weak effect, the pollution problem that cannot fundamentally solve heavy metal-polluted soil.
(3) biological restoration measure
In recent years, bioremediation technology becomes the focus of heavy-metal contaminated soil reparation research, mainly comprises microorganism reparation and phytoremediation.
It is to utilize the certain micro-organisms counterweight metal in soil to have the effects such as absorption, precipitation, oxidation and reduction that microorganism is repaired, thereby reduces the toxicity of heavy metal in soil.Microorganism reclamation activities is existing case history in the organic contamination such as agricultural chemicals, petrochemical industry is administered, but poor for the pollution reparation applicability of heavy metal class.In addition, after microorganism absorption heavy metal, how to separate with soil and also have certain technical barrier.
Phytoremediation is a hot research direction in current biological restoration field, and heavy metal pollution is different from organic contamination, and heavy metal is difficult to degraded, can only be another kind of form or be moved concentration is progressively reduced by absorption from a kind of Forms Transformation.The phytoremediation technology of heavy-metal contaminated soil, has cheap, original position, soil texture exempts from the advantages such as destruction, mainly comprises that plant is fixed, phytovolatilization and plant absorb three kinds.The fixing technology characteristics of plant is to affect the animal migration of heavy metal in soil, but removal heavy metal fundamentally not, the change of environmental condition still can make heavy metal generation desorb; Phytovolatilization is only applicable to have volatile heavy metal contaminants, and range of application is less; It is to utilize plant to absorb the heavy metal in soil that plant absorbs, and its under ground portion from plant is carried and migrated to aerial part.This is that at present research is more and think the most promising restorative procedure.
The characteristic of plant itself is the key that determines to pollute repairing effect, therefore finds with screening and can absorb the floristics of different heavy metals and study and how to improve the vital task that plant absorbent properties are phytoremediation research.Since the seventies in last century, about the research of heavy metal super-enriched plant comes into one's own gradually, super enriching plant is also constantly found.Super enriching plant should possess following three features: the one, and plant shoot enriching heavy metal amount reaches certain Critical Standard, compared with also there being higher absorption rate under low contamination levels; The 2nd, plant shoot divides with under ground portion content of beary metal ratio and is greater than 1, has stronger running ability; The 3rd, compared with general plant, super enriching plant can be restrained oneself the murder by poisoning of the heavy metal of higher concentration, and general plant can occur to poison even dead.
Have been found that at present nearly 500 kinds of heavy metal super-enriched plant, the copper super enriching plant that obtains extensively approval only has 37 kinds, be distributed in 15 sections such as Cyperaceae, Labiatae, grass tree section, Scrophulariaceae, but the copper super enriching plant of having found has mostly, and regional feature, biomass are lower, poor growth, cycle are long, greatly limit in the practical application of repairing aspect copper polluted soil.
For improving the potentiality of Phytoremediation of Soils Contaminated by Heavy Metals, can consider the dominant plant of finding and screening can enriching heavy metal, such phytomass is high, growth rapidly, be equipped with again and take some enhancements as application chelating agent, heavy metal in effective activation soil largely, promotes the absorption enrichment of plant to heavy metal.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to, a kind of method of utilizing chelating agent induction cattail to repair copper polluted soil is provided, the method is with low cost, workable, not spoiled soil structure, and non-secondary pollution risk, respond well.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has adopted following technical scheme:
A method of utilizing chelating agent induction cattail to repair copper polluted soil, said method comprising the steps of:
1) in copper polluted soil, apply base fertilizer, sowing cattail after fertilising;
2) cattail sprout after thinning, keep growth period field capacity 55～65%, grow and within 3～5 weeks, append fertilizer;
3) cattail growth 9～11 weeks, disposable chelating agent 8～12mmol/kg, the afterwards self-sow of applying in soil;
4) after finishing growth period, wipe out above-ground plant parts along 1cm on soil surface, the copper content in copper polluted soil reduces 47.7～53.8% with respect to before repairing;
5) repeat above-mentioned steps 1)-4), until copper content, lower than 50mg/kg, obtains the copper polluted soil after repairing in copper polluted soil.
Preferably, described chelating agent is HEDP (HEDPA), and preferably dosage and dosing method are the disposable 10mmol/kg that adds.
Preferably, described step 2) in cattail grow and within 4 weeks, append fertilizer.
Preferably, described step 3) in cattail grow 10 weeks, the disposable chelating agent 10mmol/kg that applies in soil.
In the present invention, be that April is to May the sowing time of cattail.
The present invention, containing before planting cattail on the soil of pollutant copper, applies base fertilizer in soil, and amount of application is according to the difference of soil fertility, and general control lives in 100～250mg N (NH
4nO
3)/kg, 20～60mgMg (MgSO
4)/kg, 80～109mgP (KH
2pO
4)/kg, 100～207mgK (KH
2pO
4+ K
2sO
4)/kg.Growth course is topdressed, and aerial part cattail biomass is increased, thereby improves the conveying transport efficiency to Copper in Contaminated Soil.
The present invention, planting cattail containing on the soil of pollutant copper, can gather in, then plant second batch in the time that finish growth period, repeats said process, can at utmost remove the copper in soil.
Only can absorb in a large number the also plant of enriching Cu and just can be used to repair copper contaminated soil.Therefore, chelating agent induction dominant plant is repaired in copper polluted soil process, and in the copper content in plant and contaminated soil, remaining copper content is the index of most critical.According to result of the test, in cattail body, copper content is up to 1200～2000mg/kg, copper is had to stronger absorption accumulation ability, and root carries the ability of migration copper stronger to overground part, plant shoot divides the content of pollutant copper to be greater than root content, and cattail is and increases progressively state at the biomass of whole growth cycle, without obvious poisoning symptom.
The present invention, containing planting cattail on the soil of pollutant copper, adds base fertilizer before plantation, pilot process topdresses, and after plant growth certain hour, adds chelating agent, when vegetation period finish after, by the harvesting of cattail aerial part and remove from contaminated soil.Under the activation of chelating agent, by the copper in the Root Absorption contaminated soil of cattail, and copper is carried and migrated to aerial part, thereby then remove plant shoot and divide the object of removing pollutant in soil copper.
The present invention induces cattail to repair copper polluted soil by chelating agent, can increase significantly absorption rate and the absorptive capacity of cattail to copper ion, there is energy consumption low, with low cost, workable, not spoiled soil structure, the advantages such as non-secondary pollution risk can large area be used on copper polluted soil.Experimental results show that, under chelating agent inducing action, cattail can reach super concentration effect as the dominant plant of enriching Cu, stablizing contaminated soil, reducing soil drifting, water erosion, prevention soil and water loss and when not causing underground water secondary pollution, make contaminated soil repaired, little to soil disturbance, improve soil and periphery ecological environment, be reliable, the comparatively safe recovery technique of environment.Compared with prior art, neither spoiled soil original structure, less demanding to soil and planting conditions, there is popularity and operability, greatly reduce again rehabilitation expense.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is that the present invention utilizes chelating agent induction cattail to repair the process chart of copper polluted soil.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1
In certain copper polluted soil, copper content mean value is 650mg/kg.In this soil, apply base fertilizer, amount of application 250mgN (NH
4nO
3)/kg, 60mgMg (MgSO
4)/kg, 109mgP (KH
2pO
4)/kg and 207mgK (KH
2pO
4+ K
2sO
4)/kg, was seeded in this soil April, thinning after sprouting, it is field capacity 65% that growing period keeps soil moisture, grow and topdress for 3 weeks, the 9 weeks disposable 8mmol/kg HEDPs (HEDPA) that add in contaminated soil of growing, give free rein to growth afterwards.Finish growth period afterwards along 1cm clip plant overground part on soil surface, 1cm is root below.Measure by analysis, overground part copper content is 1100mg/kg, and the copper content mean value in soil is reduced to 340mg/kg by original 650mg/kg, reduces 47.7%.
Embodiment 2
In certain copper polluted soil, copper content mean value is 650mg/kg.In this soil, apply base fertilizer, amount of application 150mg N (NH
4nO
3)/kg, 50mg Mg (MgSO
4)/kg, 80mg P (KH
2pO
4)/kg and 120mg K (KH
2pO
4+ K
2sO
4)/kg, was seeded in this soil April, thinning after sprouting, it is field capacity 60% that growing period keeps soil moisture, grow and topdress for 4 weeks, the disposable 10mmol/kg HEDP (HEDPA) that adds in contaminated soil of growing after 11 weeks, gives free rein to growth afterwards.Finish growth period afterwards along 1cm clip plant overground part on soil surface, 1cm is root below.Measure by analysis, overground part copper content is 1400mg/kg, and the copper content mean value in soil is reduced to 310mg/kg by original 650mg/kg, reduces 52.3%.
Embodiment 3
In certain copper polluted soil, copper content mean value is 650mg/kg.In this soil, apply base fertilizer, amount of application 100mg N (NH
4nO
3)/kg, 20mg Mg (MgSO
4)/kg, 90mg P (KH
2pO
4)/kg and 100mg K (KH
2pO
4+ K
2sO
4)/kg, be seeded in this soil May, thinning after sprouting, it is field capacity 65% that growing period keeps soil moisture, after growing 5 weeks, topdress, after growing 10 weeks in contaminated soil the disposable 12mmol/kg of adding HEDP (HEDPA), give free rein to afterwards growth.Finish growth period afterwards along 1cm clip plant overground part on soil surface, 1cm is root below.Measure by analysis, overground part copper content is 1600mg/kg, and the copper content mean value in soil is reduced to 300mg/kg by original 650mg/kg, reduces 53.8%.
Embodiment 4
In certain copper polluted soil, copper content mean value is 650mg/kg.According to the method plantation cattail of embodiment 1, after second batch of harvesting, measure by analysis, overground part copper content is 1500mg/kg, aerial part to the absorption enrichment of Copper In The Soil with increasing growth period and increase, the content of Copper In The Soil is reduced to 120mg/kg, slip 81.5%, along with increasing of growth period, the content of Copper In The Soil has the trend that constantly returns to normal level (<50mg/kg), thus object economic, that effectively reached removal Copper In The Soil pollutant.
Embodiment 5
In certain copper polluted soil, copper content mean value is 650mg/kg.According to the method plantation cattail of embodiment 1, by the cattail plantation of three batches, the content of Copper In The Soil is reduced to below 50mg/kg, and total clearance is more than 90%.
The chemical leaching, electronic reparation, electric heating reparation, the curing treatment cost that in this area, conventionally adopt are respectively 60～1,000,000 yuan/hm
2, 120～1,600,000 yuan/hm
2, 80～1,200,000 yuan/hm
2, 100～1,400,000 yuan/hm
2.And employing the application's 200,000 yuan/hm of method synthesis treatment cost
2, cost is lower, is far smaller than in this area the chemical leaching conventionally adopting, electronic reparation, electric heating reparation, curing treatment cost.
Claims (5)
1. a method of utilizing chelating agent induction cattail to repair copper polluted soil, said method comprising the steps of:
1) in copper polluted soil, apply base fertilizer, sowing cattail after fertilising;
2) cattail sprout after thinning, keep growth period field capacity 55～65%, grow and within 3～5 weeks, append fertilizer;
3) cattail growth 9～11 weeks, disposable chelating agent 8～12mmol/kg, the afterwards self-sow of applying in soil;
4) after finishing growth period, wipe out above-ground plant parts along 1cm on soil surface, the copper content in copper polluted soil reduces 47.7～53.8% with respect to before repairing;
5) repeat above-mentioned steps 1)-4), until copper content, lower than 50mg/kg, obtains the copper polluted soil after repairing in copper polluted soil.
2. the method for utilizing chelating agent induction cattail to repair copper polluted soil according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the amount of application of described base fertilizer is: 100～250mg N/kg, 20～60mg Mg/kg, 80～109mg P/kg, 100～207mg K/kg.
3. the method for utilizing chelating agent induction cattail to repair copper polluted soil according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described chelating agent is HEDP.
4. the method for utilizing chelating agent induction cattail to repair copper polluted soil according to claim 1, is characterized in that described step 2) in cattail grow and within 4 weeks, append fertilizer.
5. the method for utilizing chelating agent induction cattail to repair copper polluted soil according to claim 1, is characterized in that described step 3) in cattail grow 10 weeks, the disposable chelating agent 10mmol/kg that applies in soil.
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|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410281534.6A CN104014586A (en) | 2014-06-20 | 2014-06-20 | Method for restoring copper-polluted soil by using chelating agent to induce typha orientalis L |
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|---|---|---|---|
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Cited By (3)
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| CN105363768A (en) * | 2015-12-09 | 2016-03-02 | 辽宁石油化工大学 | Application for repairing lead-polluted soil by callistephus chinensis and organic phosphonic acid |
| CN105396870A (en) * | 2015-12-09 | 2016-03-16 | 辽宁石油化工大学 | Collaboration application of plumbum-hypertolerant plants and organic phosphonic acid to plumbum contaminated soil remediation |
| CN107211614A (en) * | 2017-06-08 | 2017-09-29 | 湖南农业大学 | The method for improveing chelating agent washed off soil |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105363768A (en) * | 2015-12-09 | 2016-03-02 | 辽宁石油化工大学 | Application for repairing lead-polluted soil by callistephus chinensis and organic phosphonic acid |
| CN105396870A (en) * | 2015-12-09 | 2016-03-16 | 辽宁石油化工大学 | Collaboration application of plumbum-hypertolerant plants and organic phosphonic acid to plumbum contaminated soil remediation |
| CN107211614A (en) * | 2017-06-08 | 2017-09-29 | 湖南农业大学 | The method for improveing chelating agent washed off soil |
| CN107211614B (en) * | 2017-06-08 | 2020-07-10 | 湖南农业大学 | Method for improving chelating agent to drip washing soil |
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Application publication date: 20140903 |
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