CN104878153A - Converter dephosphorization method for high-phosphorus low-silicon molten iron - Google Patents
Converter dephosphorization method for high-phosphorus low-silicon molten iron Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a converter dephosphorization method for high-phosphorus low-silicon molten iron, and belongs to the technical field of steel-making process control. According to the converter dephosphorization method, a smelting process combining partial remained final slag and refined white slag added in the earlier stage is adopted, the final slag remaining amount is that 20-60 kg of final slag is remained in per ton of steel, and the refined white slag adding amount is that 10-30 kg of refined white slag is added into per ton of steel; in addition, the adding amount and the adding time of slagging materials are controlled, and the oxygen supply intensity and the gun position during the smelting process are adjusted, so that the dephosphorization rate of high-phosphorus molten iron smelting reaches 90% or above, and the converter end phosphorus content can be controlled within 0.015% stably; through the full utilization of the pre-melting feature of the refined white slag and the characteristic that the refined white slag contains more Al2O3 and certain CaF2, the slag melting point is reduced, the slag fluidity is improved, and the dynamic conditions for dephosphorization are improved; through the full utilization of the characteristic that the refined white slag has higher alkalinity, high-alkalinity slag can be formed earlier, and the thermodynamic conditions for dephosphorization are improved; as the refined white slag can be recycled, the converter steel-making cost can be effectively reduced.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of converter dephosphorization method of high phosphorus hot metal containing low silicon, belong to process for making control techniques field.
Background technology
Steel market continued downturn, the high Rock Phosphate (72Min BPL) that sight turns to price low to reduce production cost by many iron and steel enterprises one after another; Iron ore resource day by day deficient also impel the smelting of low-grade, high Rock Phosphate (72Min BPL) become iron and steel enterprise must faced by problem.Along with increasing of high phosphorus ore smelting ratio, the ratio of steel-making converter high phosphorus hot metal is constantly increased; Therefore, how under low cost condition by the phosphorus fast eliminating in high phosphorus hot metal in qualified molten steel specialized range, become the emphasis problem of many metallargists research.
At present the converter dephosphorization method of high phosphorus hot metal is mainly made full use of in Converter to melting bath stirring ability is strong, the favourable condition of sufficient reacting is carried out dephosphorization, and defined the typical dephosphorization technology such as " the large quantity of slag method of single slag ", " double slag process ", " duplex practice ".But, for high phosphorus hot metal containing low silicon especially low-temperature molten iron because molten iron latent heat is not enough, early stageization slag is difficult, basicity is high, and the quantity of slag is little, adopts these techniques to be unfavorable for dephosphorization on the contrary, even can cause the accident such as sticky rifle, sticky flue, badly influence the direct motion of production.Chinese Patent Application No. 201410470076.0 discloses " a kind of top blown converter adopts high phosphorus hot metal to produce the dephosphorizing method of alloy bonding wire steel ", by adding a large amount of agglomerate to control temperature in early stage, increase the churning time of molten iron at cold stage, thus improve dephosphorization efficiency, but it is not enough to face molten iron latent heat equally for high phosphorus hot metal containing low silicon, the way adding a large amount of agglomerate can not be adopted to improve dephosphorization efficiency.Therefore, a kind of economic, practical production technique of necessary invention, solves the dephosphorization problem in high phosphorus hot metal containing low silicon converter steelmaking process.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of converter dephosphorization method of high phosphorus hot metal containing low silicon, by the control to converter steelmaking process parameter, make smelting high phosphorus hot metal containing low silicon dephosphorization rate more than 90%, converter terminal phosphorus stabilizer controls within 0.015%, there is the advantage of low cost simultaneously, solve the defect of background technology.
The key problem of high phosphorus hot metal containing low silicon converter dephosphorization how obtains the thermodynamics and kinetics condition of dephosphorization fast in the starting stage of smelting.The thermodynamic condition of the dephosphorization of generally acknowledging at present is high alkalinity, high oxidative, the large quantity of slag and suitable low temperature, and dynamic conditions is mainly strengthened melting bath stirring and improved slag fluidity.But because in high phosphorus hot metal containing low silicon, silicone content is lower, the quantity of slag is less, and basicity is high, and slag fluidity is poor, and smelting process is returned dry, causes dephosphorization effect poor; When silicone content is low in molten iron in addition, heats up early stage comparatively slow, affect the quick formation of initial stage slag, dephosphorization rate also can be made to reduce.
In order to promote that low silicon high phosphorus hot metal early stageization slag improves dephosphorization rate, this invention takes and leave and take part finishing slag and the working method combined with addition of refining white slag early stage.This is because converter finishing slag has certain basicity, not only can reduce lining erosion, also help the first slag forming certain basicity and TFe.Refining white slag is the pre-molten slag with certain basicity, and early stage, slagging was very fast, and secondly refining white slag is also containing more Al
2o
3with certain C aF
2, converter slag fusing point can be reduced, improve slag fluidity, be beneficial to and improve dephosphorization efficiency.Concrete technical scheme of the present invention is:
A converter dephosphorization method for high phosphorus hot metal containing low silicon, comprise and add molten iron and steel scrap, the decarburization of converter smelting dephosphorization, deslagging and tapping step, its improvements are, comprise following process control process:
(1) setting up finishing slag stays slag system and concise white slag to add system, and finishing slag stays the quantity of slag to control at 20 ~ 60kg/t steel; Concise white slag and steel scrap add simultaneously, and add-on controls at 10 ~ 30kg/t steel;
(2) determination of first slag material add-on: rhombspar add-on 10 ~ 15kg/t steel, lime add-on 14 ~ 18kg/t steel, early stage, basicity controlled between 1.8 ~ 2.5; Simultaneously according to molten iron temperature situation, add the sinter return fine of 0 ~ 30kg/t steel or Ore control temperature in early stage between 1330 DEG C ~ 1400 DEG C;
(3) oxygen supply controls: while adding first slag material, carry out oxygen blast smelting, and 3.3 ~ 3.6Nm is brought into use in blowing
3oxygen supply intensity and the low rifle position of/t.min smelt, and to add strong mixing, after first slag material adds, improve rifle position; Promotionization slag, ensures that scorification is good in earlier stage,
(4) second batch slag material add-on controls: the lime adding 4 ~ 8kg/t steel after playing slag, rifle potential drop is low to moderate normal rifle position, according to molten steel temperature, the ore or the sinter return fine that add 0 ~ 15kg/t steel control finishing slag temperature, whole steel temperature controls 1580 DEG C ~ 1660 DEG C, finishing slag basicity controls 3.0 ~ 4.0, and in slag, TFe controls 16 ~ 18%;
(5) intermediary and later stages oxygen blast controls: if smelting process occurs maybe will occurring returning dry, then reduce oxygen supply intensity to 3.0 ~ 3.3Nm
3/ t.min; Blowing is to the later stage, and reaction between carbon and oxygen weakens, and by rifle potential drop to stirring rifle position, ensures stirring intensity and decarbonization rate.
The converter dephosphorization method of above-mentioned a kind of high phosphorus hot metal containing low silicon, has smelted weight percentage≤0.012% that the control of rear end point carbon weight percentage is 0.04 ~ 0.08%, P.
The converter dephosphorization method of above-mentioned a kind of high phosphorus hot metal containing low silicon, in described converter, the weight percentage of hot metal composition is: P:0.12% ~ 0.20%, Si:0.10% ~ 0.20%, and Mn, C, S constituent content does not do requirement, and surplus is Fe and residual element; Described high phosphorus hot metal temperature range is more than 1230 DEG C.
The converter dephosphorization method of above-mentioned a kind of high phosphorus hot metal containing low silicon, in described flow process (1), the weight percentage of refining white slag composition is: CaO:40 ~ 60%; SiO
2: 10 ~ 25%; Al
2o
3: 10 ~ 30%; CaF
2: 3 ~ 10%; MgO:5 ~ 15%; MnO:0.05 ~ 0.4%; TFe:0.1 ~ 1.0%.
The converter dephosphorization method of above-mentioned a kind of high phosphorus hot metal containing low silicon, in described flow process (2), first slag material adds in 180s after oxygen blast starts.
The converter dephosphorization method of above-mentioned a kind of high phosphorus hot metal containing low silicon, penetration depth is adopted to smelt than the low rifle position being 0.55 ~ 0.65 when blowing starts in described flow process (3), after first slag material adds, oxygen rifle position is carried to penetration depth ratio be 0.50 ~ 0.52; If do not carry out pre-slag, continue the iron ore or the sinter return fine slag that add 0 ~ 10kg/t steel; Normal rifle position in described flow process (4) refers to penetration depth than rifle position when being 0.52 ~ 0.55; Stirring rifle position in described flow process (5) refers to penetration depth than rifle position when being 0.58 ~ 0.65.
beneficial effect of the present invention is:
(1) the present invention take full advantage of refining white slag have fritting characteristic and containing more Al
2o
3with certain CaF
2, reduce slag melting, improve slag fluidity, improve the dynamic conditions of dephosphorization; Take full advantage of refining white slag and there is higher basicity, can more early form high alkalinity slag, improve the thermodynamic condition of dephosphorization;
(2) adopt the present invention smelt high phosphorus hot metal dephosphorization rate more than 90%, higher than the dephosphorization rate of conventional smelting low-silicon high phosphorus hot metal 80 ~ 85%, converter terminal phosphorus can stability contorting within 0.015%;
(3) recycle refining white slag, can effectively reduce converter supplementary product onsumption, reduce steel-making cost;
(4) high phosphorus hot metal cost is low, can be used for reducing ironmaking cost;
The present invention is simple to operate, with low cost, and dephosphorization effect is remarkable, is adapted at each iron and steel enterprise and applies.
Embodiment
The key problem of high phosphorus hot metal containing low silicon converter dephosphorization how obtains the thermodynamics and kinetics condition of dephosphorization fast in the starting stage of smelting.The thermodynamic condition of the dephosphorization of generally acknowledging at present is high alkalinity, high oxidative, the large quantity of slag and suitable low temperature, and dynamic conditions is mainly strengthened melting bath stirring and improved slag fluidity.But because in high phosphorus hot metal containing low silicon, silicone content is lower, the quantity of slag is less, and basicity is high, and slag fluidity is poor, and smelting process is returned dry, causes dephosphorization effect poor; When silicone content is low in molten iron in addition, heats up early stage comparatively slow, affect the quick formation of initial stage slag, dephosphorization rate also can be made to reduce.
In order to promote that low silicon high phosphorus hot metal early stageization slag improves dephosphorization rate, this invention takes and leave and take part finishing slag and the working method combined with addition of refining white slag early stage.This is because converter finishing slag has certain basicity, not only can reduce lining erosion, also help the first slag forming certain basicity and TFe.Refining white slag is the pre-molten slag with certain basicity, and early stage, slagging was very fast, and secondly refining white slag is also containing more Al
2o
3with certain C aF
2, converter slag fusing point can be reduced, improve slag fluidity, be beneficial to and improve dephosphorization efficiency.Technical scheme of the present invention comprises and adds molten iron and steel scrap, the decarburization of converter smelting dephosphorization, deslagging and tapping step, the weight percentage of hot metal composition is: P:0.12% ~ 0.20%, Si:0.10% ~ 0.20%, Mn, C, S constituent content does not do requirement, and surplus is Fe and residual element; Molten iron temperature scope is more than 1230 DEG C;
Concrete technology control flow:
(1) setting up finishing slag stays slag system and concise white slag to add system, and finishing slag stays the quantity of slag to control at 20 ~ 60kg/t steel; Concise white slag and steel scrap add simultaneously, and add-on controls at 10 ~ 30kg/t steel, and the weight percentage of refining white slag composition is: CaO:40 ~ 60%; SiO
2: 10 ~ 25%; Al
2o
3: 10 ~ 30%; CaF
2: 3 ~ 10%; MgO:5 ~ 15%; MnO:0.05 ~ 0.4%; TFe:0.1 ~ 1.0%;
(2) control of first slag material add-on: rhombspar add-on 10 ~ 15kg/t steel, lime add-on 14 ~ 18kg/t steel, early stage, basicity controlled between 1.8 ~ 2.5; Simultaneously according to molten iron temperature situation, add the sinter return fine of 0 ~ 30kg/t steel or Ore control temperature in early stage between 1330 DEG C ~ 1400 DEG C; First slag material adds in 180s after oxygen blast starts.
(3) oxygen supply controls: while adding first slag material, carry out oxygen blast smelting, and 3.3 ~ 3.6Nm is brought into use in blowing
3the oxygen supply intensity of/t.min and penetration depth are smelted than the low rifle position being 0.55 ~ 0.65, and to add strong mixing, after first slag material adds, improving rifle position is 0.50 ~ 0.52 to penetration depth ratio, promotionization slag, ensure that scorification is good in earlier stage; If do not carry out pre-slag, continue the iron ore or the sinter return fine slag that add 0 ~ 10kg/t steel;
(4) second batch slag material add-on controls: the lime adding 4 ~ 8kg/t steel after playing slag, rifle potential drop is low to moderate penetration depth than the normal rifle position being 0.52 ~ 0.55, according to molten steel temperature, the ore or the sinter return fine that add 0 ~ 15kg/t steel control finishing slag temperature, whole steel temperature controls 1580 DEG C ~ 1660 DEG C, finishing slag basicity controls 3.0 ~ 4.0, and in slag, TFe controls 16 ~ 18%;
(5) intermediary and later stages oxygen blast controls: if smelting process occurs maybe will occurring returning dry, then reduce oxygen supply intensity to 3.0 ~ 3.3Nm
3/ t.min; Blowing is to the later stage, and reaction between carbon and oxygen weakens, by rifle potential drop to penetration depth than the stirring rifle position being 0.58 ~ 0.65, guarantee stirring intensity and decarbonization rate.
The present invention has smelted weight percentage≤0.015% that the control of rear end point carbon weight percentage is 0.04 ~ 0.08%, P.
It is below the dephosphorization technology example adopting the present invention to smelt high phosphorus hot metal containing low silicon on 260 tons of oxygen top and bottom combined blown converters.The composition of described refining white slag is as table 1.
Table 1 refining white slag composition (weight percentage)
。
Embodiment 1
Remained converter slag amount is 20kg/t steel, and it is 280.2t that converter is blended into iron water amount, loads steel scrap 20.4t, reinstalls the refining white slag of 30kg/t steel with steel scrap.The weight percentage of hot metal composition is: Si:0.16%, P:0.137%, T=1288 DEG C.Refining white slag composition is in the 1# sample constituents of table 1.After blowing starts, reduce rifle position to penetration depth than 0.58, oxygen supply intensity 3.5Nm
3/ min.t.Light a fire successfully, add the rhombspar of the lime of 17.5kg/t steel, 15kg/t steel, add the sinter return fine of 4kg/t steel.After first slag material adds, rifle position is increased to penetration depth than 0.52, blowing, to the slag that spumes, adds the lime of 6kg/t steel.After foamy slag is steady, reduce rifle position to penetration depth than 0.54.In converting process, according to molten steel temperature, then add the sinter return fine of 7.4kg/t steel.Blowing, to the later stage, reduces rifle position to penetration depth than 0.60.Blowing is to when closing on latter stage, and do not carry rifle and carry out sublance TSC measurement, measuring result T=1573 DEG C, the weight percentage of carbon is: 0.28%, assay, and the weight percentage of each composition is: C:0.2615%, Mn:0.1312%, P:0.0162%.Continue blowing to terminal, carry rifle, stop blowing, and carry out sublance TSO measurement, measuring result T=1616 DEG C, the weight percentage of carbon is: C:0.054%, assay composition, the weight percentage of each composition is: C:0.0521%, Mn:0.0782%, P:0.0112%.
embodiment 2
Remained converter slag amount is 44kg/t steel, and it is 280.7t that converter is blended into iron water amount, loads steel scrap 20.4t, reinstalls the refining white slag of 20kg/t steel with steel scrap.The weight percentage of hot metal composition is: Si:0.14%, P:0.160%, T=1332 DEG C.Refining white slag composition is in the 2# sample constituents of table 1.After blowing starts, reduce rifle position to penetration depth than 0.56, oxygen supply intensity 3.5Nm
3/ min.t.Light a fire successfully, add the rhombspar of the lime of 16kg/t steel, 12kg/t steel, add the sinter return fine of 15kg/t steel.After first slag material adds, rifle position is increased to penetration depth than 0.52, blowing, to the slag that spumes, adds the lime of 6kg/t steel.After foamy slag is steady, reduce rifle position to penetration depth than 0.53.In converting process, according to molten steel temperature, then add the sinter return fine of 11.5kg/t steel.Blowing, to the later stage, reduces rifle position to penetration depth than 0.59.Blowing is to when closing on latter stage, and do not carry rifle and carry out sublance TSC measurement, measuring result T=1581 DEG C, the weight percentage of carbon is: 0.32%, assay composition, and the weight percentage of each composition is: C:0.3425%, Mn:0.1421%, P:0.01472%.Continue blowing to terminal, carry rifle, stop blowing, and carry out sublance TSO measurement, measuring result T=1611 DEG C, the weight percentage of carbon is: C:0.064%, assay composition, the weight percentage of each composition is: C:0.0589%, Mn:0.0832%, P:0.0093%.
embodiment 3
Remained converter slag amount is 60kg/t steel, and it is 280.1t that converter is blended into iron water amount, loads steel scrap 20.3t, reinstalls the refining white slag of 10kg/t steel with steel scrap.The weight percentage of hot metal composition is: Si:0.18%, P:0.181%, T=1396 DEG C.Refining white slag composition is in the 3# sample constituents of table 1.After blowing starts, reduce rifle rifle position to penetration depth than 0.55, oxygen supply intensity 3.5Nm
3/ min.t.Light a fire successfully, add the rhombspar of the lime of 16kg/t steel, 12kg/t steel, add the sinter return fine of 25kg/t steel.After first slag material adds, rifle position is increased to penetration depth than 0.51, blowing, to the slag that spumes, adds the lime of 6kg/t steel.After foamy slag is steady, reduce rifle position to penetration depth than 0.53.In converting process, according to molten steel temperature, then add the sinter return fine of 7.4kg/t steel.Blowing, to the later stage, reduces rifle position to penetration depth than 0.61.Blowing is to when closing on latter stage, and do not carry rifle and carry out sublance TSC measurement, measuring result T=1575 DEG C, the weight percentage of carbon is: 0.38%, assay composition, and the weight percentage of each composition is: C:0.3651%, Mn:0.1447%, P:0.02472%.Continue blowing to terminal, carry rifle, stop blowing, and carry out sublance TSO measurement, measuring result T=1634 DEG C, the weight percentage of carbon is: 0.044%, assay composition, the weight percentage of each composition is: C:0.04273%, Mn:0.0682%, P:0.00127%.
Claims (6)
1. a converter dephosphorization method for high phosphorus hot metal containing low silicon, comprises and adds molten iron and steel scrap, the decarburization of converter smelting dephosphorization, deslagging and tapping step, it is characterized by, comprise following process control process:
(1) setting up finishing slag stays slag system and concise white slag to add system, and finishing slag stays the quantity of slag to control at 20 ~ 60kg/t steel; Concise white slag and steel scrap add simultaneously, and add-on controls at 10 ~ 30kg/t steel;
(2) determination of first slag material add-on: rhombspar add-on 10 ~ 15kg/t steel, lime add-on 14 ~ 18kg/t steel, early stage, basicity controlled between 1.8 ~ 2.5; Simultaneously according to molten iron temperature situation, add the sinter return fine of 0 ~ 30kg/t steel or Ore control temperature in early stage between 1330 DEG C ~ 1400 DEG C;
(3) oxygen supply controls: while adding first slag material, carry out oxygen blast smelting, and 3.3 ~ 3.6Nm is brought into use in blowing
3oxygen supply intensity and the low rifle position of/t.min smelt, and to add strong mixing, after first slag material adds, improve rifle position; Promotionization slag, ensures that scorification is good in earlier stage,
(4) second batch slag material add-on controls: the lime adding 4 ~ 8kg/t steel after playing slag, rifle potential drop is low to moderate normal rifle position, according to molten steel temperature, the ore or the sinter return fine that add 0 ~ 15kg/t steel control finishing slag temperature, whole steel temperature controls 1580 DEG C ~ 1660 DEG C, finishing slag basicity controls 3.0 ~ 4.0, and in slag, TFe controls 16 ~ 18%;
(5) intermediary and later stages oxygen blast controls: if smelting process occurs maybe will occurring returning dry, then reduce oxygen supply intensity to 3.0 ~ 3.3Nm
3/ t.min; Blowing is to the later stage, and reaction between carbon and oxygen weakens, and by rifle potential drop to stirring rifle position, ensures stirring intensity and decarbonization rate.
2. the converter dephosphorization method of a kind of high phosphorus hot metal containing low silicon as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: smelted weight percentage≤0.012% that the control of rear end point carbon weight percentage is 0.04 ~ 0.08%, P.
3. the converter dephosphorization method of a kind of high phosphorus hot metal containing low silicon as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: in described converter, the weight percentage of hot metal composition is: P:0.12% ~ 0.20%, Si:0.10% ~ 0.20%, Mn, C, S constituent content does not do requirement, and surplus is Fe and residual element; Described high phosphorus hot metal temperature range is more than 1230 DEG C.
4. the converter dephosphorization method of a kind of high phosphorus hot metal containing low silicon as described in claim 1 or 3, is characterized in that: in described flow process (1), the weight percentage of refining white slag composition is: CaO:40 ~ 60%; SiO
2: 10 ~ 25%; Al
2o
3: 10 ~ 30%; CaF
2: 3 ~ 10%; MgO:5 ~ 15%; MnO:0.05 ~ 0.4%; TFe:0.1 ~ 1.0%.
5. the converter dephosphorization method of a kind of high phosphorus hot metal containing low silicon as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: in described flow process (2), first slag material adds in 180s after oxygen blast starts.
6. the converter dephosphorization method of a kind of high phosphorus hot metal containing low silicon as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: when blowing starts in described flow process (3), adopt penetration depth to smelt than the low rifle position being 0.55 ~ 0.65, after first slag material adds, oxygen rifle position is carried to penetration depth ratio be 0.50 ~ 0.52; If do not carry out pre-slag, continue the iron ore or the sinter return fine slag that add 0 ~ 10kg/t steel; Normal rifle position in described flow process (4) refers to penetration depth than rifle position when being 0.52 ~ 0.55; Stirring rifle position in described flow process (5) refers to penetration depth than rifle position when being 0.58 ~ 0.65.
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CN106884069A (en) * | 2015-12-16 | 2017-06-23 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | A kind of converter smelting slagging method |
CN107058672A (en) * | 2017-05-19 | 2017-08-18 | 山东钢铁股份有限公司 | A kind of method of use hot metal containing low silicon converter smelting Low-phosphorus Steel |
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CN106884069A (en) * | 2015-12-16 | 2017-06-23 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | A kind of converter smelting slagging method |
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WO2021212581A1 (en) * | 2020-04-24 | 2021-10-28 | 南京钢铁股份有限公司 | Method for producing nickel-based steel from high phosphorus molten iron |
KR20230002453A (en) * | 2020-04-24 | 2023-01-05 | 난징 아이론 앤드 스틸 컴퍼니 리미티드 | Nickel-based steel production method through high phosphorus Molten steel |
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JP7359972B2 (en) | 2020-04-24 | 2023-10-11 | 南京鋼鉄股▲ふん▼有限公司 | How to produce nickel-based steel from high phosphorus molten iron |
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