CN104872005B - A kind of high-density fish culture method - Google Patents

A kind of high-density fish culture method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN104872005B
CN104872005B CN201410158549.3A CN201410158549A CN104872005B CN 104872005 B CN104872005 B CN 104872005B CN 201410158549 A CN201410158549 A CN 201410158549A CN 104872005 B CN104872005 B CN 104872005B
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China
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valve
oxygen
fishpond
water
fish
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CN104872005A (en
Inventor
程婷
甘成叙
徐大宝
程诚
林衍峰
胡秀珍
唐玲玲
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Mount Huangshan four ocean fishery science and Technology Co., Ltd.
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Mount Huangshan Four Ocean Fishery Science And Technology Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/80Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
    • Y02A40/81Aquaculture, e.g. of fish

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of high-density fish culture method, including following method step:1)Deliver fry, 2)Fishpond sealing, 3)Current regulation, 4)Feed feed, 5)Draining blowdown, 6)Fish for operation.By step 2)Fishpond is sealed, and the inwall in described fishpond sets and sets closure on sealing cage, sealing cage;Closure is domes, and exhaust-valve is provided with the top of the closure;Oxygen increasing tube is additionally provided with the fishpond;Exhaust-valve is opened, the water surface is filled into fishpond and exceedes sealing cage, exhaust-valve is closed;Oxygen is passed through, undissolved oxygen forms the pure oxygen space of closing under arch closure between the water surface;Solve that cultivation density in current industrial fish farming is difficult to further raising, oxygen increasing equipment is complicated, energy resource consumption is high, pure oxygen utilization rate is low, cultivate unhandy problem.

Description

A kind of high-density fish culture method
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of fish-cultivating method, and in particular to a kind of crawl and the side using the crawl high-density fish culture Method, belongs to fish culture technical field.
Background technology
During Dissolved Oxygen in Water content is the major limiting factors of density of breeding fish, high-density fish culture, water body of breeding fish does not stop It is dynamic that shoal of fish offer dissolved oxygen is provided and metabolic waste is taken away.Water body exchange rate is limited by fish adaptation flow velocity in fishpond, commonly Fish culture in running water density only has 10~20kg/m3, artificial oxygenation can increase dissolved oxygen content in water body, and raising is breeded fish density.In work Factory generally uses mechanical enhancement in breeding fish, and uses air as under the conditions of oxygen source, density of breeding fish can reach 30~50kg/m3; Under the conditions of using pure oxygen as oxygen source, density of breeding fish can reach 130kg/m3.Mechanical enhancement needs complicated equipment, consumption a large amount of The energy, because breeding fish water body under atmospheric environment, supersaturated dissolved oxygen is escaped by water and atmosphere interface in water body, pure oxygen Utilization rate only has 20-60%.
Chinese patent CN200620110907 discloses a kind of Portable live fish cultivating tank, with one piece of oxygen barrier plate shape into pure oxygen Room, fish is taken by the fish water inlet port dress fish of putting for having removable cover.This scheme is used as crawl has the disadvantage that oxygenation efficiency is low, Fishing, cleaning pond operating difficulties;There is the water surface of two isolation, the discharge inconvenience of water surface dirt-collecting in one fishpond.China Patent CN201310429314 discloses a kind of efficient fishpond of hyperoxia, forms sealed gas chamber on the water surface of fishpond side, is passed through pure Oxygen, is discharged oxygen in air chamber from the air chamber lower section bottom with air pump in being dissolved into water, unnecessary oxygen rises to sealed gas chamber and obtained Recycling.This scheme has the disadvantage to need to use machinery, consumption electric energy;Supersaturated dissolved oxygen passes through water and air circle in water body Face is escaped, and oxygen utilization rate is low.
At present, batch production high density fish culture in running water existing many improvement on oxygen utilization and cultivation density, but equipment Complicated, oxygen utilization rate is low, cultivation density is difficult to further raising, and related crawl is also deposited in actual application In problems, for example, need manual observation and manually operated supplemental oxygen, fishing, cleaning fishpond operating difficulties.
The content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is, solve cultivation density in current industrial fish farming be difficult to further raising, Oxygen increasing equipment is complicated, energy resource consumption is high, pure oxygen utilization rate is low, cultivate unhandy problem.
The present invention solves above-mentioned technical problem, is realized using following technical scheme:
A kind of crawl, including fishpond;Described fishpond inwall has is provided with closure on sealing cage, sealing cage; Distance at the top of described sealing cage to fishpond is highly equal with closure;Described closure is domes, described Exhaust-valve is provided with the top of closure;Oxygen increasing tube is provided with the fishpond.First, water will be filled in fishpond.Then, then will Closure is placed on sealing cage, and the air in closure is discharged from exhaust-valve, after water body is full of space in closure, the row of closing Empty valve.Finally, oxygen is passed through by oxygen increasing tube, undissolved oxygen is risen under arch closure.Because the water surface is in closure Top, closure is soaked in water with cage is sealed, and forms liquid closing, so that pure with regard to what is closed between formation closure and the water surface Oxygen space.
Further, described crawl, is additionally provided with hyperbaric oxygen tracheae and Low Pressure Oxygen tracheae, described hyperbaric oxygen tracheae On be provided with intake valve, the Low Pressure Oxygen tracheae is communicated with the oxygen increasing tube;Set between hyperbaric oxygen tracheae and Low Pressure Oxygen tracheae There is the headstock gear inside oxygen pressure maintaining valve, described oxygen pressure maintaining valve to be stressed inductor control, described pressure inductor Communicated by induction tube with closure.Connected by oxygen increasing tube with Low Pressure Oxygen tracheae, oxygen pressure maintaining valve control Low Pressure Oxygen tracheae Output pressure, is achieved that control enters the oxygen pressure and flow of oxygen increasing tube.Another aspect oxygen pressure maintaining valve also sets up sensing Pipe is communicated with closure, when the pressure in the pure oxygen space closed between closure and the water surface is set above or below pressure inductor Pressure value, oxygen pressure maintaining valve turns off or on automatically, so as to convenient setting and keeps the pressure value in pure oxygen space, and Without the lifting height for seeing the fluid-tight water surface.
Further, described crawl, is provided with sparge pipe on described closure, the sparge pipe be connected into Water intaking valve is provided with water pipe, the water inlet pipe.Multiple hole for water sprayings are provided with the sparge pipe, because injection water and pure oxygen are acute Strong impingement mix, oxygen is dissolved in water rapidly, and fishpond surface water dissolved oxygen is up to 37~49mg/L.
Further, described crawl, the fishpond bottom is additionally provided with to be provided with sump, the sump and blocked Fish corral, sump bottom connection bottom drainpipe, the bottom drainpipe is provided with bottom valve;It is additionally provided with the bottom valve drainpipe Bottom overflow valve is provided with bottom overflow pipe, the bottom overflow pipe;The top export of described bottom overflow pipe is highly higher than closure Seat is simultaneously less than at the top of fishpond.Clean water persistently sprays into fishpond from sparge pipe, is flowed downward rich in oxygen above fishpond, passes through Shoal of fish respiration consumption dissolved oxygen is gradually reduced and the waste water containing great amount of carbon dioxide and fish faeces is constantly discharged from bottom overflow valve, Make the good water quality that suitable fish growth is remained in fishpond.The top export of bottom overflow pipe is highly higher than sealing cage and low At the top of the fishpond, its role is to, it is sealed in fishpond during, oxygen is diffused into water body, undissolved oxygen from oxygen increasing tube Rise under closure, extruding water flows out from bottom overflow pipe, such setting be more beneficial for closure and the fishpond water surface it Between form pure oxygen space;During breeding fish, clean water constantly enters fishpond, and the pressure that pure oxygen space is formed need not be water from close Discharge is extruded between capping and sealing cage, fishpond waterbody is uniformly exchanged from top to bottom, and keeps fishpond water surface elevation stable.
Further, described crawl, is additionally provided with blow-off pipe, the upper blow-off pipe inside fishpond, it is described on Blow-off pipe top is provided with sewage sump, described sewage sump and is provided with arch barrier net.The dirt collection groove height is higher than close Closure base is simultaneously less than at the top of fishpond;The upper blowdown bottom of the tube connects with upper blowdown transverse tube and sets clearing valve;Described upper Overflow flow tube is additionally provided with blowdown transverse tube;The overflow flow tube is provided with overflow valve;The tip height of the overflow flow tube Blowdown flow velocity is adapted to discharge floating on water pollutant.Blow-off pipe in setting, and by the top of upper blow-off pipe set sewage sump and Barrier net, the height adaptation water surface elevation of sewage sump, then the pollutant for floating on water surface can be led to by suitable flow velocity Current are crossed from upper blow-off pipe directly to drain.Set and be open in upper blowdown transverse tube, that is, clearing valve is set, be to clean upper blowdown Pipe, upper blowdown transverse tube and overflow flow tube it is easy to operate.The tip height of the overflow flow tube is adapted to blowdown flow velocity to discharge water Face floating pollutants, are that, because if simply opening clearing valve removes floating on water pollutant, can cause blow-off pipe and upper row The pure oxygen that water body emptying is lost under water body sealing function, closure in dirty transverse tube is lost to by upper blow-off pipe and upper blowdown transverse tube Outside fishpond, waste of oxygen is caused.
Further, described crawl, is additionally provided with water quality monitor, and the sensor of the water quality monitor is fixed on In the overflow pipe current of bottom;The effect of the water quality monitor is oxygen and carbon dioxide content in monitoring fishpond draining.
Further, described crawl, throwing is provided with described closure and raises device;Device bag is raised in described throwing Charging hopper and animal feeds bucket are included, charging valve is provided between charging hopper and animal feeds bucket, sets to throw in feed bottom of the barrel and raises valve, the throwing Raise valve and be provided with choke valve.Described choke valve two ends pipeline is tilted down to be connected with throwing feeding valve two ends pipeline, feed when feeding Obstruction will not be caused into choke valve.In concrete operations, valve is raised in use, closing and throwing first, choke valve and charging valve is opened, The property for being more than air specific weight using oxygen proportion can extrude the air in animal feeds bucket upwards.In charging, section can be opened Valve is flowed, closes to throw and raises valve, air can be prevented to enter in animal feeds bucket.Described throwing raises device and can guarantee that air is not when feeding feed Into pure oxygen space, oxygen leakage amount is less than 1.3 times of feed volumes when feeding feed every time.
Further, described crawl, suspension ring are provided with described closure.Because described closure must There is certain weight to be just securely placed on sealing cage and realize closed pure oxygen space, so setting suspension ring to be put to facilitate Put and open closure operation.
Further, described crawl, described closure is domes, is made of clear material, with good Structural stability and load-and pressure-bearing intensity.It was verified that domes are conducive to being completely exhausted out sealing in the seal process of fishpond Air in lid, and the closure that transparent material is made can meet demand of the fish to illumination, be easy in observation fishpond Situation.
Crawl described in any of the above, can be applied in culture fishery.
A kind of high-density fish culture method, including following method step:
1)Deliver fry:The topped up with water in fishpond, is put into fry;
2)Fishpond is sealed:Inwall in described fishpond sets and is provided with closure on sealing cage, sealing cage;It is described Closure be domes, be provided with exhaust-valve at the top of the closure;Oxygen increasing tube is provided with the fishpond;Open Exhaust-valve, the topped up with water into fishpond closes exhaust-valve;Be passed through oxygen, undissolved oxygen under arch closure and the water surface it Between form the pure oxygen space of closing;
3)Current are adjusted:Sparge pipe is set on described closure, and the sparge pipe is connected to water inlet pipe;The water inlet Water intaking valve is provided with pipe;Bottom water intaking valve and overflow valve are opened, clean water carries sufficient oxygen and flowed in fishpond, breathed through the shoal of fish Waste water afterwards is discharged through sump, bottom drainpipe, bottom overflow pipe, bottom overflow valve;Start in water quality monitor monitoring discharge waste water Oxygen and carbon dioxide content;When higher content of oxygen dissolved in water or relatively low carbon dioxide content are given up in discharge, reduce water intaking valve and open Spend to reduce flow of inlet water;When relatively low content of oxygen dissolved in water or higher carbon dioxide content are given up in discharge, increase water intaking valve is opened Spend to increase flow of inlet water;
4)Feed feed:Throwing is provided with described closure and raises device;Described throwing raise device include charging hopper and Animal feeds bucket, sets charging valve, sets to throw in feed bottom of the barrel and raise valve, the throwing raises valve and sets throttling between charging hopper and animal feeds bucket Valve;Described choke valve two ends pipeline is tilted down and is connected with throwing feeding valve two ends pipeline;Throw for the first time before raising, open charging Valve, opens throttle valve control oxygen flow, using the oxygen property bigger than atmospheric density by the upward discharge of air in animal feeds bucket Afterwards, charging valve is closed;Feed is poured into charging hopper, charging valve is opened, feed, which enters after animal feeds bucket, closes charging valve;Throw and raise When, close water intaking valve, fully open throwing raise valve, feed fully enter behind fishpond close throw raise valve, the shoal of fish ingest end after open Water intaking valve;
5)Draining blowdown:Set in the fishpond bottom in sump, the sump and be provided with fish screen, sump bottom Portion connects bottom drainpipe, and the bottom drainpipe sets bottom valve;Bottom overflow pipe, the bottom overflow are also set up on the bottom drainpipe The top export of pipe sets bottom overflow valve;The top export of described bottom overflow pipe is highly higher than sealing cage and less than fishpond top Portion;The fishpond is additionally provided with blow-off pipe, and the upper blow-off pipe is inside fishpond, and the upper blow-off pipe top is provided with dirt collection Arch barrier net is provided with groove, described sewage sump, tip height of the sewage sump inside fishpond is higher than closure Seat is simultaneously less than at the top of fishpond;The upper blow-off pipe also sets bottom and is connected with upper blowdown transverse tube and set clearing valve;Described upper Overflow flow tube is also set up on blowdown transverse tube;The overflow flow tube sets overflow valve;Bottom overflow valve is fully opened during breeding fish, The heavy property dirt such as fish excrement settles into sump with water flowing, is automatically drained out with draining current from bottom overflow pipe;The shoal of fish ingests After end, overflow valve is opened, the dirts such as greasy dirt, the foam of the water surface is swum in and is discharged into sewage sump from overflow flow tube, blowdown After end, overflow valve is closed;
6)Fish for operation:Water inlet and oxygen are closed, closure is removed, clearing valve, bottom valve, fishing is opened.
It is preferred that, the step 2)In oxygen increasing tube connected with Low Pressure Oxygen tracheae, Low Pressure Oxygen tracheae connection hyperbaric oxygen tracheae; The headstock gear inside oxygen pressure maintaining valve, described oxygen pressure maintaining valve is provided between the hyperbaric oxygen tracheae and Low Pressure Oxygen tracheae Be stressed inductor control, and described pressure inductor is communicated by induction tube with closure;By setting pressure inductor control Make the oxygen pressure in the pure oxygen space of closing.
It is preferred that, the step 3)In sparge pipe on multiple hole for water sprayings are set, pass through injection water and gaseous state pure oxygen acute It is strong to hit increase water dissolved oxygen amount.
More preferred, set water body in fishpond to be in 1.019 times of standard atmospheric pressure pure oxygen environments.
It is preferred that, the step 3)In water quality monitor there is warning output function, when water oxygen and dioxy are arranged in fishpond Alarm signal can be sent automatically by changing when carbon content deviates setting value.
It is preferred that, the step 3)In water intaking valve be provided with electric adjusting device, according to water quality monitor export alarm Signal self-regulating opening angle, according to the signal automatic open close for throwing feeding unloading controllor.
It is preferred that, the step 4)Middle feed is buoyancy expanding pellet, and buoyancy expanding pellet floats on the water surface, Have the advantages that palatability is good, digestive utilization ratio is high, it is low in the pollution of the environment, be easy to the observation shoal of fish to ingest situation, from buoyancy expanding Pellet is conducive to breed fish density, reduction of raising to breed fish cost.
It is preferred that, the step 4)Middle feeding device of throwing is provided with throwing feeding unloading controllor, control water intaking valve, charging valve, throwing Valve, the keying of overflow valve are raised, feed is fed automatically and sewage floating on water is excluded.
It is preferred that, in addition to fish disease prevention and cure:Soak medicine is added in water source and is administered, and oral drugs are admixed in feed and are administered.
It is preferred that, in addition to remove dead fish:Throw every time and shoal of fish situation is examined when raising, discovery closes water inlet when having dead fish And oxygen, closure is removed, dead fish is removed with dredger, repeating said steps 2)Fishpond is sealed.
It is preferred that, the suspension ring for facilitating sealing cover with tearing-strip are provided with described closure.
It is preferred that, described closure is domes, is made of clear material, and with good structural stability and is held Weight bearing strength.
Described high-density fish culture method, is applied in industrial fish farming.
By setting up closure on fishpond, then by oxygen increasing tube and using between water body close encapsulation lid and sealing cage Space form closed pure oxygen space, to reach increase water dissolved oxygen content, improve density of breeding fish, improve pure oxygen utilization rate Effect.On the basis of conceiving herein, actually asking of being run into current industrial fish farming is solved step by step by putting into practice, testing Topic;Add described throwing and raise device, oxygen pressure maintaining valve, to keep oxygen gas-tight space, improve oxygenation effect.The design of inventor And innovation solves in industry unsolved problem for a long time.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows be compared with the prior art, pure oxygen utilization rate improves 1.5 times, and density of breeding fish improves 2.4 More than times, solve that pure oxygen utilization rate in current industrial fish farming is low, cultivation density is difficult to improve and clears up fishpond operating difficulties The problem of.Pure oxygen utilization rate during breeding fish is improved, increases density of breeding fish, the economic benefit of industrial fish farming is improved.And The present invention also has without using mechanical enhancement, and water exchange capacity is small, and energy resource consumption is few, advantage easy to operate.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is structure top view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is Fig. 1 A-A profiles.
Fig. 3 is water surface blowdown schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is to throw to raise apparatus structure schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is to automatically control schematic diagram.
Fig. 6 is oxygen pressure maintaining valve structural representation.
In accompanying drawing:1st, fishpond, 2, the sealing water surface, 3, throw and raise device, 4, closure, 5, sparge pipe, 6, injection water, 7, fish Water face, 8, exhaust-valve, 9, barrier net 10, sewage sump, 11, upper blow-off pipe, 12, water inlet pipe, 13, hyperbaric oxygen tracheae, 14, oxygen Pressure maintaining valve, 15, Low Pressure Oxygen tracheae, 16, water quality monitor 17, bottom overflow valve, 18, bottom overflow pipe, 19, bottom valve, 20, bottom draining Pipe, 21, upper blowdown transverse tube, 22, clearing valve, 23, overflow flow tube, 24, overflow valve, 25, sealing cage, 26, bubbles of oxygen, 27th, oxygen increasing tube, 28, sump, 29, fish screen 30, water intaking valve, 31, intake valve, 32, charging hopper, 33, charging valve, 34, feed Bucket, 35, throw and raise valve, 36, choke valve, 37, suspension ring, 38, throw and raise unloading controllor, 39, cable, 40, pressure inductor, 41, sense Ying Guan, 42, regulation handle, 43, headstock gear.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail with reference to embodiment.
Embodiment 1, a kind of crawl
As shown in figs. 1 to 6:
A kind of crawl, including fishpond 1;The inwall of fishpond 1 has is provided with closure 4 on sealing cage 25, sealing cage 25; The distance at described sealing cage 25 to the top of fishpond 1 is highly equal with closure 4;Closure 4 is domes, in closure 4 top is provided with exhaust-valve 8;Oxygen increasing tube 27 is provided with fishpond 1.
Described crawl, is additionally provided with hyperbaric oxygen tracheae 13 and Low Pressure Oxygen tracheae 15, hyperbaric oxygen tracheae 13 and is provided with Intake valve 31, Low Pressure Oxygen tracheae 15 is communicated with oxygen increasing tube 27;Oxygen is provided between hyperbaric oxygen tracheae 13 and Low Pressure Oxygen tracheae 15 Headstock gear 43 inside pressure maintaining valve 14, oxygen pressure maintaining valve 14 inductor 40 that is stressed is controlled, and described pressure inductor 40 leads to Induction tube 41 is crossed to communicate with closure 4.Described crawl, is provided with water inlet pipe 12, the water inlet on described closure 4 Sparge pipe 5 and water intaking valve 30 are additionally provided with pipe 12.
Described crawl, the bottom of fishpond 1 is additionally provided with sump 28, sump 28 and is provided with fish screen 29, dirt collection The bottom of pond 28 connects and is provided with bottom valve 19 on bottom drainpipe 20, bottom drainpipe 20;Bottom overflow is additionally provided with bottom drainpipe 20 Pipe 18, the top export of bottom overflow pipe 18 sets bottom overflow valve 17;The top export of bottom overflow pipe 18 is highly higher than sealing cage 25 and less than the top of fishpond 1.
Described crawl, is additionally provided with blow-off pipe 11, and top of the upper blow-off pipe 11 inside fishpond 1 is provided with dirt collection Barrier net 9 is provided with groove 10, sewage sump 10, tip height of the sewage sump 10 inside fishpond 1 is higher than sealing cage 25 And less than the top of fishpond 1;The upper blow-off pipe 11 connects with upper blowdown transverse tube 21 and is provided with clearing valve 22;In described upper row Overflow flow tube 23 is additionally provided with dirty transverse tube 21;The overflow flow tube 23 is provided with overflow valve 24.
Described crawl, throwing is provided with described closure 4 and raises device 3;Throwing feeding device 3 includes the He of charging hopper 32 Animal feeds bucket 34, is provided with charging valve 33, sets to throw in the bottom of animal feeds bucket 34 and raise valve 35, throw and raise between charging hopper 32 and animal feeds bucket 34 Valve 35 is provided with choke valve 36;The two ends pipeline of choke valve 36 is tilted down and is connected with throwing the feeding two ends pipeline of valve 35.
Described crawl, is provided with the suspension ring 37 for facilitating sealing cover with tearing-strip 4 on described closure 4.Described supports Fishpond, is additionally provided with water quality monitor 16;Water quality monitor 16 connects the water intaking valve 30 by cable 39.
Described crawl, is additionally provided with throwing and raises unloading controllor 38, and the water intaking valve 30, charging are connected by cable 39 Valve 35, overflow valve 24 are raised in valve 33, throwing.
Another better seal lid 4 is inverted dish-shaped spherical crown surface structure, is made up of hard transparent material.
Specifically, the described high 1.5m in fishpond 1, internal diameter 2m, bottom of pond is in 15 ° of tapers, and sump 28 is located at bottom of pond center, directly Footpath 0.5m is in 45 ° of tapers;The inner side of fishpond 1 is away from the sealing cage 25 for having a circle to protrude from pool wall at the 0.6m of top;Upper blow-off pipe 11 Mounted in the center of fishpond 1, sewage sump 10 is connected away from the top planes 0.42m of fishpond 1 from the middle part of sump 28 with upper blowdown transverse tube 21, Outside is equipped with clearing valve 22 and overflow flow tube 23;The mouth of pipe of overflow flow tube 23 is equipped with overflow away from the top planes 0.6m of fishpond 1, top Valve 24;Upper blow-off pipe 11, upper blowdown transverse tube 21, overflow flow tube 23 are diameter 75mmPVC water pipes, and clearing valve 22 is diameter 75mm balls Valve, overflow valve 24 is diameter 75mm magnetic valves;Bottom drainpipe 20 is drawn from the bottom of sump 28, and outside is equipped with bottom valve 19 and bottom Overflow pipe 18;The mouth of pipe of bottom overflow pipe 18 is equipped with bottom overflow valve 17 away from the top planes 0.22m of fishpond 1, top;Bottom drainpipe 20, bottom Overflow pipe 18 is diameter 110mmPVC water pipes, and bottom valve 19, bottom overflow valve 17 are diameter 110mm ball valves;Barrier net 9 is mounted in sewage sump 10 tops, fish screen 29 is mounted in the top of sump 28, and barrier net 9 is aperture 5mm stainless (steel) wires, and fish screen is 5 × 100mm of aperture Resin grid;Oxygen increasing tube 27 is annularly arranged on the bottom inside of fishpond 1, and oxygen increasing tube 27 is diameter 20mm nanometer micropore pipes, oxygen Pass through 0.5~2mm of nanometer micropore formation diameter bubbles of oxygen 26;Oxygen increasing tube 27 is connected to Low Pressure Oxygen tracheae 15, through fishpond 1 Oxygen pressure maintaining valve 14 is connected to, oxygen pressure maintaining valve 14 is connected to intake valve 31 by hyperbaric oxygen tracheae 13.
Described closure 4 is made up, external diameter 1.99m to be inverted the spherical crown surface structure of dish of transparent resin material, high 0.6m;The overcentre of closure 4 is equipped with exhaust-valve 8, and exhaust-valve 8 is diameter 25mm ball valves;The top of closure 4 also outside is equipped with oxygen Device 3, suspension ring 37 are raised in gas pressure maintaining valve 14, throwing;Oxygen pressure maintaining valve 14 also sets up induction tube 41 and communicated with closure 4.Sparge pipe 5 is in Ring-type is mounted in the lower section of closure 4, and sparge pipe 5 is diameter 50mmPPR water pipes, is provided with sparge pipe 5 and multiple along the circumferential direction inclines Oblique diameter 4mm hole for water sprayings;Sparge pipe 5 is connected to water inlet pipe 12, and water intaking valve 30 is connected to through closure 4, and water intaking valve 30 is Diameter 50mm motor-operated control valves;
Pure oxygen space oxygen pressure setting value:
P(KPa)=closure height(mm)×0.00326887=600×0.00326887≈1.96kPa.
The described output pressure of oxygen pressure maintaining valve 14 is 200kPa, and voltage stabilizing 0~16kPa of adjustable range, induction pressure exceedes Closed automatically during setting value 0.1kPa, induction pressure is automatically turned on when being less than setting value 0.1kPa.
Alarming value, the opening angle of automatic regulating water inlet valve 30 can be set in described water quality monitor 16.
Device 3 is raised in described throwing, and charging hopper 32 is conical structure under upper cylinder, and volume 30L passes through valve 33 and the feed of feeding Bucket 34 is connected;Animal feeds bucket 34 is circular cone intermediate cylindrical structure up and down, and volume 30L connects 4 with closure by throwing feeding valve 35 and is connected; It is internal diameter 50mm magnetic valves that charging valve 33, throwing, which raise valve 35,;Choke valve 36 is internal diameter 6mm pin type flow valves, 36 liang of end pipes of choke valve Road is tilted down raises the two ends pipeline communication of valve 35 with throwing, and prevents feed from blocking choke valve 36.
It is programmable controller that unloading controllor 38 is raised in described throwing, there is a 4 road output interfaces, timing controlled water intaking valve 30, Feed valve 33, throwing feeding valve 35, the keying order of overflow valve 24 and time delay interval.
Embodiment 2, a kind of high-density breeding carp method
Carp is that cultivation density can reach 100~130kg/m in a kind of main cultured fishes, industrial aquaculture3, it is a kind of High-density breeding carp method is:
(1)Deliver fry:Bottom valve 19, clearing valve 22, bottom overflow valve 17, overflow valve 24 are closed, is filled into fishpond 1 Water, is put into fry.
Fry quantity is calculated:
(2)Fishpond is sealed:Charging valve 33 is closed, throws and raises valve 35, choke valve 36, exhaust-valve 8 is opened, closure 4 is placed Air in the sealing top cover labyrinth 4 of cage 25 is discharged from exhaust-valve 8, after water body is full of space in closure, closes exhaust-valve 8;Hyperbaric oxygen tracheae 13 is connected to intake valve 31, and Low Pressure Oxygen tracheae 15 is connected to oxygen pressure maintaining valve 14, regulation oxygen pressure maintaining valve 14 Voltage stabilizing value is 1.96kPa;Intake valve 31 is opened, it is slow to open bottom overflow valve 17;Because the mouth of pipe of bottom overflow pipe 18 is than the top of fishpond 1 Low 0.22m, under gravity water flowed out from bottom overflow pipe 18, the water outside closure 4 pass through closure 4 with sealing cage 25 Gap enter fishpond 1, the sealing water surface 2 and the fishpond water surface 7 outside closure 4 slowly decline, and negative pressure is formed under closure 4 Area, oxygen pressure maintaining valve is automatically turned on, the release bubbles of oxygen 26 of oxygen increasing tube 27, and part of oxygen is dissolved in water, undissolved oxygen Gas, which rises to, forms pure oxygen space under closure 4;When the fishpond water surface 7 drops to 18 mouth of pipe height of bottom valve overflow pipe, in closure 4 Under the effect of lower oxygen pressure, extruding water continues to flow out from bottom overflow pipe 18, when 4 times oxygen pressures of closure reach 2.06kPa, Oxygen pressure maintaining valve 14 is closed automatically, and at this moment the fishpond water surface 7 is than the low 0.21m of the mouth of pipe of overflow pipe 18;In 4 times 2.06kPa oxygen of closure Under atmospheric pressure effect, the external seal water surface 2 of closure 4 is than the high 0.21m of the fishpond water surface 7;The contact surface of closure 4 and sealing cage 25 It is submerged in water body formation air-tightness sealing structure for water completely, 4 times oxygen of closure and bubbles of oxygen can not be by closures 4 and close The contact surface effusion of closure base 25;Injection water 6 is mixed with pure oxygen hard hit, and 4 times oxygen of capping, which are constantly dissolved in water body, presses When power gradually decreases to 1.86kPa, oxygen pressure maintaining valve 14 is automatically turned on, and the release bubbles of oxygen 26 of oxygen increasing tube 27, a small amount of pure oxygen is straight Connect and dissolve in water body, most pure oxygen is risen under closure 4 when the pressure is risen to 2.06kPa, oxygen pressure maintaining valve 14 is closed automatically Close, it is automatic to maintain 4 time pure oxygen pressure of closure in 1.86~2.06kPa, the fishpond water surface 7 be less than the mouth of pipe 0.19 of bottom overflow pipe 18~ 0.21m, the sealing water surface 2 0.19~0.21m higher than the fishpond water surface.
(3)Current are adjusted:Water inlet pipe 12 is connected to water intaking valve 30;Water intaking valve 30 is opened, injection water 6 tilts and sprays to fishpond The water surface 7, forms circulation counterclockwise and whirlpool;Injection water 6 is mixed with pure oxygen hard hit, and oxygen is dissolved in water rapidly, fishpond Surface water dissolved oxygen is to reach 37~49mg/L;Water flows from top to bottom, and the waste water after being breathed through the shoal of fish is through sump 28, bottom Drainpipe 20, bottom overflow pipe 18, bottom overflow valve 17 are discharged;It is 10mg/L, titanium dioxide to set the dissolved oxygen alarming value of water quality monitor 16 Carbon alarming value is 40mg/L, can meet the requirement of carp normal growth and development, and provides sufficient dissolved oxygen for follow-up water treatment, also It can prevent that dissolved oxygen effusion causes to waste in atmospheric environment;When oxygen dissolving value is more than 11mg/L or carbon dioxide values are less than 38mg/L When, the automatic water inlet valve opening that reduces is to reduce flow of inlet water, when oxygen dissolving value less than 9mg/L or carbon dioxide values more than 42mg/L When, it is automatically increased into water valve opening to increase flow of inlet water, corresponding flow of inlet water is 4-7.3m3/h。
(4)Feed feed:Using buoyancy expanding pellet, it is that fish body weighs 1.5~4% to throw feeding rate day, divides 3 times and feeds;Raise Material weight is calculated as follows, and adjustment in every 7 days is once;When the shoal of fish ingested the time more than 20 minutes, feed relative is accordingly reduced;
Throw for the first time before raising, open charging valve 33, open choke valve 36 and control oxygen flow to be 10L/min, utilize oxygen The property bigger than atmospheric density closes charging valve 33 by the upward discharge of air in animal feeds bucket 34, after 5 minutes;Daily 8 points, 12 Point, it is quantitative before 17 points feed is fitted into charging hopper 32, throw and raise the automatic inlet valve 30 of controller 38, throw feeding device 3, overflow Stream valve 24 completes to feed feed and water surface blowdown process;The throwing feeding configuration processor of unloading controllor 38 is as follows, and chronomere is the second:
0000:Water intaking valve 30 is closed, it is to avoid the current interference shoal of fish ingests;
0005:Charging valve 33 is opened, and feed enters animal feeds bucket 34;
0015:Charging valve 33 is closed, and prevents oxygen from escaping;
0020:Throw feeding valve 35 to open, feed feed;
0030:Throw feeding valve 35 to close, prepare to feed next time;
1530:Water intaking valve 30 is opened, end of ingesting, oxygenation of intaking;
2800:Overflow valve 24 is opened, and is swum in the oil film of the fishpond water surface 7, foam and is concentrated on fishpond under swirling action Center, enters sewage sump 10, through upper blow-off pipe 11, upper blowdown transverse tube 21, overflow flow tube 23, overflow valve 24 by barrier net 9 Discharge;
3100:Overflow valve 24 is closed, and sewage floating on water discharge terminates, and water recovers to flow from the top down;
The startup time:8:00,12:00,17:00;
Water intaking valve 30 is raised unloading controllor 38 by throwing and water quality monitor 16 is controlled, and throws and raises unloading controllor 38 with Gao You First level, water intaking valve 30 is not controlled by water quality monitor 16 during feeding feed.
Pure oxygen space will not be entered by feeding feed process air, and feeding process oxygen loss is thrown every time and is no more than feed volume 1.3 times, pure oxygen utilization rate is more than 93%.
(5)Draining blowdown:Described feeds automatic-discharging sewage floating on water during feed;During breeding fish, completely Bottom overflow valve 16 is opened, the dirt such as fish excrement is focused in sump 28 by bottom drainpipe with current by the sedimentation of fish screen 29 20th, bottom overflow valve 16, bottom overflow pipe 18 are discharged.
(6)Fish disease prevention and cure:Soak medicine is added in water source and is administered, and oral drugs are admixed in feed and are administered.
(7)Remove dead fish:Throw every time and shoal of fish situation is examined when raising, discovery closes water intaking valve 30 and air inlet when having dead fish Valve 31, removes closure 4, is removed dead fish with dredger, repeats fishpond seal operation.
(8)Fish for operation:Under the conditions of 24-26 DEG C of water temperature 0.75kg/ tail harvesting specifications are reached through 56 days cultivation carps;Stop eating After 3 days, water intaking valve 30 and intake valve 31 are closed, closure 4 is removed, clearing valve 22, bottom valve 19 is opened, is fished with dredger;Capture Commodity carp 1205kg, cultivation density reaches 317kg/m3
Embodiment 3, a kind of high-density breeding light lip fish method
Light lip fish is a kind of streams property small fishes, high to dissolved oxygen and water quality requirement, and existing flowing water culture and net cage are supported Grow two ways, 5~7.17kg/m of cultivation density3.A kind of high-density breeding light lip fish method is:
(1)Deliver fry:Be the same as Example 2.
Fry quantity is calculated:
(2)Fishpond is sealed:Be the same as Example 2.
(3)Current are adjusted:Water inlet pipe 12 is connected to water intaking valve 30;Water intaking valve 30 is opened, injection water 6 tilts and sprays to fishpond The water surface 7, forms circulation counterclockwise and whirlpool;Injection water 6 is mixed with pure oxygen hard hit, and oxygen is dissolved in water rapidly, fishpond Surface water dissolved oxygen is to reach 37~49mg/L;Water flows from top to bottom, and the waste water after being breathed through the shoal of fish is through sump 28, bottom Drainpipe 20, bottom overflow pipe 18, bottom overflow valve 17 are discharged;It is 10mg/L, titanium dioxide to set the dissolved oxygen alarming value of water quality monitor 16 Carbon alarming value is 35mg/L, can meet the requirement of light lip fish normal growth and development, and provides sufficient dissolved oxygen for follow-up water treatment, It can also prevent that dissolved oxygen effusion causes to waste in atmospheric environment;When oxygen dissolving value is more than 11mg/L or carbon dioxide values are less than 33mg/L When, the automatic water inlet valve opening that reduces is to reduce flow of inlet water, when oxygen dissolving value less than 9mg/L or carbon dioxide values more than 47mg/L When, it is automatically increased into water valve opening to increase flow of inlet water, corresponding flow of inlet water is 0.8-2.8m3/h。
(4)Feed feed:Using buoyancy expanding pellet, it is that fish body weighs 1.2~3.2% to throw feeding rate day, divides 4 times and feeds; Feed relative is calculated as follows, and adjustment in every 15 days is once;When the shoal of fish ingested the time more than 30 minutes, feed relative is accordingly reduced;
Throw for the first time before raising, open charging valve 33, open choke valve 36 and control oxygen flow to be 10L/min, utilize oxygen The property bigger than atmospheric density closes charging valve 33 by the upward discharge of air in animal feeds bucket 34, after 5 minutes;Daily 6 points, 10 Point, 14 points, it is quantitative before 18 points feed is fitted into charging hopper 32, throw and raise the automatic inlet valve 30 of controller 38, throw feeding device 3rd, overflow valve 24 completes to feed feed and water surface blowdown process;Throw the feeding configuration processor of unloading controllor 38 as follows, chronomere For the second:
0000:Water intaking valve 30 is closed, it is to avoid the current interference shoal of fish ingests;
0005:Charging valve 33 is opened, and feed enters animal feeds bucket 34;
0015:Charging valve 33 is closed, and prevents oxygen from escaping;
0020:Throw feeding valve 35 to open, feed feed;
0030:Throw feeding valve 35 to close, prepare to feed next time;
1830:Water intaking valve 30 is opened, end of ingesting, oxygenation of intaking;
2000:Overflow valve 24 is opened, and is swum in the oil film of the fishpond water surface 7, foam and is concentrated on fishpond under swirling action Center, enters sewage sump 10, through upper blow-off pipe 11, upper blowdown transverse tube 21, overflow flow tube 23, overflow valve 24 by barrier net 9 Discharge;
2300:Overflow valve 24 is closed, and sewage floating on water discharge terminates, and water recovers to flow from the top down;
The startup time:6:00,10:00,14:00,18:00;
Water intaking valve 30 is raised unloading controllor 38 by throwing and water quality monitor 16 is controlled, and throws and raises unloading controllor 38 with Gao You First level, water intaking valve 30 is not controlled by water quality monitor 16 during feeding feed.
Pure oxygen space will not be entered by feeding feed process air, and feeding process oxygen loss is thrown every time and is no more than feed volume 1.3 times, pure oxygen utilization rate is more than 90%.
(5)Draining blowdown:Be the same as Example 2.
(6)Fish disease prevention and cure:Be the same as Example 2.
(7)Remove dead fish:Be the same as Example 2.
(8)Fish for operation:Under the conditions of 22-24 DEG C of water temperature 0.05kg/ tail harvesting specifications are reached through 190 days cultivation light lip fishes; After stopping eating 3 days, water intaking valve 30 and intake valve 31 are closed, closure 4 is removed, clearing valve 22, bottom valve 19 is opened, is fished with dredger; Commodity light lip fish 187.5kg is captured, cultivation density reaches 49.3kg/m3, it is 6.88~9.86 times of existing breeding way.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of high-density fish culture method, including following method step:
1) fry is delivered:Fry is put into fishpond;
2) fishpond is sealed:Inwall in described fishpond sets and is provided with closure on sealing cage, sealing cage;Described is close Cover as domes, exhaust-valve is provided with the top of the closure;Oxygen increasing tube is provided with the fishpond;Open emptying Closure is placed on sealing cage, closes exhaust-valve by valve, the topped up with water into fishpond;Oxygen is passed through, undissolved oxygen exists The pure oxygen space of closing is formed under arch closure between the water surface;
3) current are adjusted:Oxygen continued dissolution is entered water body of breeding fish, keep water body in fishpond to exchange;
4) feed is fed:Regularly, fish meal is quantitatively put into;
5) draining blowdown:The pollutant in discharge fishpond, keeps water quality in fishpond to meet fish psychological need in time;
6) operation is fished for:Water inlet and oxygen are closed, closure is removed, clearing valve, bottom valve, fishing is opened;
The step 2) in oxygen increasing tube connected with Low Pressure Oxygen tracheae, Low Pressure Oxygen tracheae connection hyperbaric oxygen tracheae;The hyperbaric oxygen The headstock gear inside oxygen pressure maintaining valve, described oxygen pressure maintaining valve is provided between tracheae and Low Pressure Oxygen tracheae to be stressed sensing Device is controlled, and described pressure inductor is communicated by pipeline with closure;By the pure oxygen for setting pressure inductor control closing The oxygen pressure in space.
2. high-density fish culture method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:The step 3) current regulation:Described close Sparge pipe is set in capping, and the sparge pipe is connected to water inlet pipe;Water intaking valve is provided with the water inlet pipe;Open bottom overflow valve And water intaking valve, clean water carry sufficient oxygen flow in fishpond, the waste water after being breathed through the shoal of fish is through sump, bottom drainpipe, bottom Overflow pipe, the discharge of bottom overflow valve;With oxygen and carbon dioxide content in water quality monitor monitoring discharge waste water;When molten in discharge waste water When solving higher oxygen content or relatively low carbon dioxide content, reduce water inlet valve opening to reduce flow of inlet water;When molten in discharge waste water When solving relatively low oxygen content or higher carbon dioxide content, increase intakes valve opening to increase flow of inlet water.
3. high-density fish culture method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:The step 4) feed feed:Described close Throwing is provided with capping and raises device;Device is raised in described throwing includes charging hopper and animal feeds bucket, is set between charging hopper and animal feeds bucket Feed valve, set to throw in feed bottom of the barrel and raise valve, the throwing raises valve and sets choke valve;Described choke valve two ends pipeline dips down Tiltedly and with throwing feeding valve two ends pipeline it is connected;Throw for the first time before raising, open charging valve, open throttle valve control oxygen flow, utilize The oxygen property bigger than atmospheric density after the upward discharge of air in animal feeds bucket, will close charging valve;Feed is poured into charging hopper In, charging valve is opened, feed, which is rapidly entered, closes charging valve after animal feeds bucket;When throwing feeding, water intaking valve is closed, throwing is fully opened and raises Valve, feed fully enter behind fishpond close throw raise valve, the shoal of fish ingest end after open water intaking valve.
4. high-density fish culture method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:The step 5) draining blowdown:In the fishpond Bottom is set and fish screen is provided with sump, the sump, and sump bottom connection bottom drainpipe, the bottom drainpipe is set Bottom set valve;Bottom overflow pipe is also set up on the bottom drainpipe, the top export of the bottom overflow pipe sets bottom overflow valve;
The top export of described bottom overflow pipe is highly higher than sealing cage and less than at the top of fishpond;The fishpond is additionally provided with Blow-off pipe, top of the upper blow-off pipe inside fishpond, which is provided with, to be provided with arch on sewage sump, described sewage sump and blocks fish Net, tip height of the sewage sump inside fishpond is higher than sealing cage and less than at the top of fishpond;The upper blow-off pipe is also If bottom connects with upper blowdown transverse tube and sets clearing valve;Overflow flow tube is also set up on described upper blowdown transverse tube;On described Overflow pipe sets overflow valve;Bottom overflow valve is fully opened, and the heavy property dirt such as fish excrement settles into sump with water flowing, with Draining current are automatically drained out from bottom overflow pipe;The shoal of fish ingests after end, opens overflow valve, swims in greasy dirt, the foam of the water surface Enter sewage sump from the discharge of overflow flow tube Deng dirt, after blowdown terminates, close overflow valve.
5. high-density fish culture method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:Water body in fishpond is set to be in 1.019 times of standards Atmospheric pressure pure oxygen environment.
6. high-density fish culture method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:Also include fish disease prevention and cure and remove dead fish;It is described Fish disease prevention and cure:Soak medicine is administered at water source, and oral drugs are admixed in feed and are administered;The removing dead fish:When throwing feeding every time Shoal of fish situation is examined, and discovery closes water inlet and oxygen when having dead fish, removes closure, dead fish is removed with dredger, repeats The step 2) fishpond sealing.
7. high-density fish culture method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:Convenient lifting is provided with described closure The suspension ring of closure.
8. high-density fish culture method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that:Described closure is inverted dish-shaped spherical crown surface Structure, is made up of hard transparent material.
9. the high-density fish culture method as described in claim 1~8 is any, is applied in aquaculture.
CN201410158549.3A 2014-04-18 2014-04-18 A kind of high-density fish culture method Expired - Fee Related CN104872005B (en)

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