CN104871071A - Autostereoscopic system - Google Patents
Autostereoscopic system Download PDFInfo
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- CN104871071A CN104871071A CN201380049364.2A CN201380049364A CN104871071A CN 104871071 A CN104871071 A CN 104871071A CN 201380049364 A CN201380049364 A CN 201380049364A CN 104871071 A CN104871071 A CN 104871071A
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- image
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
- G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
- G02B30/26—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
- G02B30/27—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving lenticular arrays
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
- H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
- H04N13/30—Image reproducers
- H04N13/302—Image reproducers for viewing without the aid of special glasses, i.e. using autostereoscopic displays
- H04N13/31—Image reproducers for viewing without the aid of special glasses, i.e. using autostereoscopic displays using parallax barriers
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Multimedia (AREA)
- Signal Processing (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Testing, Inspecting, Measuring Of Stereoscopic Televisions And Televisions (AREA)
- Stereoscopic And Panoramic Photography (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to displaying stereoscopic images and can be used in television broadcasting, computing, control and management systems, CAD, game technology, for developing training simulators, in avionics and instrument making, in science, education, medicine, etc. for solid modeling and the visual representation of static and dynamic processes in 3D. The autostereoscopic system comprises a visualization surface provided with an image which has been prepared for separation, said image consisting of a sequence of m perspectives, each of which alternate with a frequency of no less than the physiologically conditioned sensitivity of the human eye, and a dual raster screen which is positioned in front of the visualization surface and consists of two rasters disposed on opposite sides with respect to a common focal plane which diffuses a stream of light; each raster consists of lens elements which are contiguously disposed on the surface and form coaxial pairs; furthermore, each pair is provided with m eclipse shutters, each of which opens synchronously with the sequence of perspectives, the dual raster screen is disposed in front of the visualization surface at a distance at which the optical projection of a part of a raster unit h m = h / m from the common focal plane of the dual raster onto the surface of the visualization surface is equal to the raster unit h. The technical result of the claimed invention consists of determining the interrelation of the optical structure parameters of the autostereoscopic system at which the stereoscopic image will be of the highest quality.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to stereo-picture display, can be used for television broadcasting, calculating, control and management system, CAD, game technology, developing and training simulator, manufacture avionic device and instrument, for solid modelling and the visable representation of 3D Static and dynamic process in science, education, medicine and other fields, be applicable to the spectators freely separated of any amount.
Background technology
Make 3D rendering and be still a severe technical barrier at present.Known a kind of color solid method, comprises and adopts additional (complementation) two tone image visual angle to obtain stereo-picture, thus the stereogram that making is watched by the filter glasses of different colours.During by such glasses viewing stereogram, every eyes can only feel self visual angle/image.In addition, 3D rendering can be made according to Binocular vison angular displacement effect.In the necessity using glasses and owing to there is aberration, the method is by the restriction of user's discomfort.
1908, Rosemarie Gabriel Lippmann recommended a kind of 3D rendering and records and reproducing technology, and this technology uses and comprises equidistant lenticular optical relief plate, and forms 3D figure polycomponent method.Mo Lisibonei has developed the idea of Lippmann based on grating principle.This further improvements in methods comprise the technical scheme with camera lens embossment or array structure change, so that by obtaining stereo-picture for the stereogram be separated.Described preparation comprises the graph transformation at stereogram visual angle, and like this when image and grating alignment light refraction, two visual angles can be gone back in every eyes respectively, i.e. so-called Lippmann-Bo Nei stereographic map.
Known a kind of technical scheme be submit to according on February 25th, 1999, be numbered WO99/09750 and title is patent application case IPC 7 G 02 В 27/22, Н 04 N 13/00 of " stereos copic viewing system ".The program comprises by Lippmann-Bo Nei legal system for initial volumetric picture pair, its principle be stereogram visual angle with keep oneself sequence order to fall nicking staggered, its quantity equals lenticular element number, when lenticular element is placed on compression striped, image can be gone back to left eye and right eye from two visual angles respectively.The enforcement of this stereos copic viewing system accurately need determine the fringe position of lenticulation optical element apart from prepared image.
Known a kind of automatic stereo system be submit to according to May 27 calendar year 2001, be numbered 2168192 and title be Russ P IPC 7 G02 В 27/22, Н 04 N 13/00 of " visual image show and 3D rendering forming step ".This technical scheme adopts array mask, and described mask comprises and is placed on discrete microscopic components-image pixel and has pancratic independent optical element, so that each pixel is placed on the optical axis of independent optical element.External control is carried out to independent optical element focal length and can simulate difference between respective pixel space or depth perception, be i.e. the stereoeffect of overall display image.With regard to parts number and single structure integrated level, this technical scheme is comparatively complicated and bother.Technical complicacy reduces the reliability of this equipment, will inevitably increase cost.
The subject matter implementing technique scheme is accurately to determine requiring in the position of optical element relative to the image component made special on visualization surfaces.Actual when using this system, can the image pixel of fixing optical element, do not comprise the mutual drift (displacement) of optics/graphic elements; Therefore, in fact the program eliminates the possibility of dismounting 2D/3D converter.
As the current principal manufacturer and the consumer that adopt the video product of 2D visualization format, compatible and employing 2D resources shifting becomes 3D form to be an important engineering problem.
The technical scheme of known a kind of automatic stereo system be submit to according on February 25th, 1986, be numbered 4729017 United States Patent (USP) IPC Н 04 N 13/00.This technical scheme comprises the visual display surface that can show the special image made, and described image can divide pixel.Photo array elements is placed relative to image pixel, and is integrated into autonomous array board.When watching the image on visualization surfaces by described array board, stereo-picture can be shown.Therefore, removable array board is used for the conversion of 2D/3D image.But, keep the array board on display to be a complicated optical-mechanical problem relative to the physical location of image pixel, but solve by special device.Otherwise the figure aberration projected by this plate and stereoeffect disappearance are inevitable.
The technical scheme of known a kind of automatic stereo system be submit to according on Dec 30th, 2004, be numbered 2004263970 and title is the United States Patent (USP) IPCG02N 27/22 of " the automatic stereo flat-panel monitor that can turn up ".This system comprises panel display screen-visualization surfaces, and described display screen can be shown stereogram pixel image and is separated by Lippmann-Bo Neifa, and detachable screen, and this screen is lens light palisade and parallel with described visualization surfaces plane.This automatic stereo system comprises adjusting gear (on display screen the optic test pattern of slit grating and the device for detachable screen mechanical shift), for adjusting detachable screen/its optical element (mobile/to rotate) position relative to image existing on visualization surfaces.The distinct disadvantage of this system is spectators for the special operational adjusting described detachable screen position and take can cause discomfort, not only consuming time, and video information also can be caused to lose.In addition, when using known technical scheme, hardware is adopted to carry out the cost that accurate adjustment (horizontal and vertical direction) can increase product greatly.
The technical scheme of known a kind of automatic stereo system is that basis is numbered 14885U, title is " United States Patent (USP) IPC G 02 В 27/22, the Н 04N 13/00 of automatic stereo system ' three-dimensional level-photoetching method '; comprise and can supply stereo structure visualization surfaces that be separated, that have stereogram, and be placed in the detachable screen that visualization surfaces front has grating optical texture.Described detachable screen comprises two gratings of the both sides, same focal plane being placed in diffusion light stream.Each grating comprises gapless and is arranged on the surface and is formed coaxial as right lens element, and each lens element comprises a complementary color filtrator.In known technical scheme, the separation of the stereogram made by three-dimensional mode is realized by bigrating structures, without the need to accurate location visualizable surface.Adopt high-quality stereo technology can provide stable stereoeffect.In addition, detachable screen is connected on visualization surfaces by spectators can realize 2D/3D conversion, does not comprise the position of the detachable screen of accurate adjustment, because this double grating optical texture can adjust stereo-picture automatically.In addition, the stereogram auto-stereoscopic presented because of singularity represents and can present each visual angle on whole visualization surfaces, thus presents the stereo-picture of a kind of high-quality 3 D grating image and high precision, resolution and contrast.But the auto-stereoscopic due to stereogram represents to have identical feature, particularly there is aberration problem according to the stereo-picture that known solution obtains.This is a remarkable shortcoming of known automatic stero technical scheme.
Known a kind of automatic stereo system " three-dimensional level-photoetching method " is according to submitting on January 24th, 2007, be numbered United States Patent (USP) IPC G 02 B 27/22 of 22927 U, Н 04 N 13/00 (analog case the most close), comprising can for the visual image surface be separated, and be placed in the detachable screen in visualization surfaces front, this screen comprises two gratings of the both sides, same focal plane being placed in diffusion light stream, each grating comprises gapless and is placed on the surface and is formed coaxial as right lens element, in addition, described image comprises m multiview sequence, each visual angle is along with the frequency shift (thus rejection image flicker) being not less than people's physiology of eye adjustment susceptibility, often pair has m photetching shutter, each shutter is synchronously opened with the multiview sequence of correspondence.The essence of known solution is, adopts photoetching method separate picture visual angle; For implementing the program, often pair of lens element need be furnished with m photetching shutter (depending on image aspects number), and each shutter is in succession opened each visual angle and closed other visual angles.In addition, implement the method also to require to open visual angle with Frequency Synchronization.Frequency should be not less than the comparatively low sensitivity level of spectators' eyes relative to image change speed.The polycomponent carrier of bigrating structures image as a whole, without the need to accurately locating possible displacement along visualization surfaces.Like this, system just has 2D compatibility and eliminates under the prerequisite ensureing the stereophonic effect reappearing steady matter with the necessity of high price accurate adjustment screen.Photoetching method proposes to use continuously each visual angle that visualization surfaces presents, thus ensures the integrality of image, sharpness and contrast and reappear all images color.Also can be the stereophonic effect that many spectators reappear steady matter, thus compare favourably with the effect that direct viewing screen obtains.In addition, spectators are only limitted to detachable screen to be connected to visualization surfaces from 2D unit to the conversion that is necessary of 3D unit, wherein video content is play with structurized form, and namely with multiview sequence form, each visual angle is along with the frequency shift being not less than people's physiology of eye adjustment susceptibility.But double grating screen is not included within the scope of known technical scheme apart from the remote location of 2D visualization surfaces, thus may reduce the quality of stereo-picture.Distance between double grating screen and visualization surfaces (showing 2D screen) depends on the optical characteristics of grating optical texture and the multiple visual angles for forming stereo-picture.Do not consider these parameters, the equidistant visual angle striped in Lippmann-Bo Nei stereographic map may comprise visuals and equidistant visual angle visuals, and may lack a part of figure.Two defects relevant to this distance can cause stereophonic effect to be deteriorated.This situation should be taken into account, especially when making the visualization surfaces and double grating screen with single rigid fixed sturcture.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to produce a kind of comfortable automatic stereo system with high-quality stereoscopic vision and 2D compatibility.
Described automatic stereo system provided by the invention comprises: can for the visual image surface be separated, described image comprises m multiview sequence, each visual angle is along with the frequency shift being not less than people's physiology of eye adjustment susceptibility, and be positioned at described visualization surfaces front and comprise two gratings double grating screen, wherein said grating is placed in the both sides of the same focal plane of diffusion light stream, each grating comprises and is placed in this continuously on the surface and formed coaxial as right lens element, in addition, each picture is to having m photetching shutter, each shutter is synchronously opened with multiview sequence, according to described technical scheme, described double grating screen is placed in the front of described visualization surfaces, raster unit h
m=h/m part is equal with described raster unit h to the optical projection distance of described visualization surfaces from the same focal plane of this double grating.
Essence of the present invention is, according to the mutual relationship between the automatic stereo system optics structural parameters determined, this distance is relevant to these parameters between described grating screen and described visualization surfaces, thus eliminates relevant with distance scrambling likely defect provide reliable high-quality stereo-picture.
If condition meets, as described raster unit h
mwhen=h/m part is equal with described raster unit h to the optical projection distance of described visualization surfaces from the same focal plane of this double grating, distance d between this double grating screen and visualization surfaces is defined as d=f (h automatically, m), wherein the parameter of automatic stereo system optics structure meets: when the adjacent view striped in Lippmann-Bo Nei stereographic map comprises intersection visuals or lacks a part of figure, stereoeffect reduces situation and can be discharged outside.
Therefore, whole essential characteristics of described technical scheme can solve following problem: develop a kind of comfortable automatic stereo system with high-quality stereoscopic vision and 2D compatibility.
According to corresponding IPC and UDC, Advanced Search is carried out to patent scientific and technical literature, and do not find to overlap wholly or in part with described object in following arbitrary technical scheme and whole essential distinctions for solving this problem.
Therefore, described technical scheme meets " novelty " standard.
The series of features of described technical scheme is not in accordance with prior art requirement.Therefore, described technical scheme meets " creativeness " standard.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Engineering Bureau " ANTENNET " carries out the test of Model and experiment room to described automatic stereo system, and is described by following specific embodiments.
Fig. 1 is automatic stereo system (full view);
Fig. 2 is double grating screen topology view (lenticulation variant), and (a)-this bigrating structures can be used as assembly, (b) described double grating screen parts;
Fig. 3 is the optical texture view of described automatic stereo system, wherein raster unit h
m=h/m part is equal with described raster unit h to the optical projection distance of visualization surfaces from the same focal plane of this double grating;
Fig. 4 is the optical texture view of described automatic stereo system, wherein said raster unit h
m=h/m part is less than described raster unit h from the same focal plane of this double grating to the optical projection distance of described visualization surfaces;
Fig. 5 is the optical texture view of described automatic stereo system, wherein said raster unit h
m=h/m part is greater than described raster unit h from the same focal plane of this double grating to the optical projection distance of described visualization surfaces.
Embodiment
Described automatic stereo system comprises and for the visual image surface (1) be separated and can be placed in the screen (2) that visualization surfaces (1) front has grating optical system.Described screen (2) comprises two gratings (3), (4) of same focal plane (5) both sides being placed in diffusion light stream.Two gratings (3), (4) comprise lens element (6) respectively, and this lens element is placed in this on the surface and form a pair lens element with same optical axis continuously.The frame Frequency of m multiview sequence is not less than physiology adjustment susceptibility (12Hz) of human eye.Often pair of coaxial lens element has m photetching shutter, thus is integrated into a matrix, and controls by electronic circuit (7), to provide sequence and to carry out synchronous operation with frame and visual angle change.Photetching shutter matrix is placed in the same focal plane (5) of described double grating system.The focusing at each visual angle and direction are realized by optical grating system, and photetching shutter is used for showing corresponding visual angle in the appropriate section of optical-mechanical system simultaneously.Can be controlled photetching shutter matrix by any known method.Such as, as liquid crystal cell matrix is used as photetching shutter matrix, can realize controlling by applied voltage.
The principle of work of automatic stereo system is as follows:
The monitor signal synchronous with frame visual angle change can activate the transparent mode of selected photetching shutter in often pair of coaxial lens element simultaneously.In this case, not selected photetching shutter is opaque.By opaque shutter, the focusedimage fragment in respective objects grating lens element is recovered by eye grating lens element, and is combined into the full-screen image in the single visual field-namely current by spectators, and towards the right eye of correspondence or left eye.Next monitor signal can activate the transparent mode of the selected photetching shutter of another group (group number depends on visual angle number) simultaneously, and every other photetching shutter can become/keep opaque.In this case, if meet frame to become visual angle frequency requirement, second eye of spectators can present complete image.Thus present stereo pair images, and spectators can see 3D picture in frame.
As function d=f (h, m), the distance d between this grating screen and visualization surfaces can calculate based on certain lenses, such as, when lens are used as grating:
d＝(0.0254/2l)[(m-n+1)/(n-1)]
Wherein l is the number of lenses of every 1 inch reticle,
M is visual angle number,
N is the refraction coefficient of grating material.
The visualization surfaces side of double grating plate is furnished with calibration steady arm, for measuring this distance.This calibration steady arm can be made up of any optics neutral material, and these materials comprise the thin plate of known thickness, have the local locator of same material with double grating stiffening ring.
Therefore, the optical texture of described automatic stereo system has correlation parameter, wherein raster unit h
m=h/m part equals described raster unit h from the same focal plane of this double grating to the optical projection distance of visualization surfaces, thus provides stable high-quality stereo-picture.
Claims (1)
1. an automatic stereo system, comprise: can for the visual image surface be separated, described image comprises m multiview sequence, each visual angle is along with the frequency shift being not less than people's physiology of eye adjustment susceptibility, and be positioned at described visualization surfaces front and comprise two gratings double grating screen, wherein said grating is placed in the both sides of the same focal plane of diffusion light stream, each grating comprises and is placed in this continuously on the surface and formed coaxial as right lens element, in addition, each picture is to having m photetching shutter, each shutter is synchronously opened with multiview sequence, it is characterized in that: described double grating screen is placed in the front of described visualization surfaces, raster unit h
m=h/m part is equal with described raster unit h to the optical projection distance of described visualization surfaces from the same focal plane of this double grating.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/UA2013/000150 WO2014065773A2 (en) | 2012-10-22 | 2013-12-19 | Autostereoscopic system |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104871071A true CN104871071A (en) | 2015-08-26 |
| CN104871071B CN104871071B (en) | 2018-10-09 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201380049364.2A Expired - Fee Related CN104871071B (en) | 2013-12-19 | 2013-12-19 | Automatic stereo system |
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| Country | Link |
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| JP (1) | JP6326678B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN104871071B (en) |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112596261B (en) * | 2021-01-27 | 2022-06-03 | 成都工业学院 | Multi-visual-area stereoscopic display device based on double gratings |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1545815A (en) * | 2001-08-21 | 2004-11-10 | �ʼҷ����ֵ��ӹɷ�����˾ | Observer-adaptive autostereoscopic display |
| UA14885U (en) * | 2006-02-03 | 2006-05-15 | Vasyl Borysovych Odnorozhenko | Automatic stereoscopic system (stereostep) |
| WO2008091237A1 (en) * | 2007-01-24 | 2008-07-31 | Odnorozhenko Vasiliy Borisovic | Autostereoscopic 'stereostep-eclipsmethod' system |
| CN101907774A (en) * | 2010-07-05 | 2010-12-08 | 深圳超多维光电子有限公司 | Stereoscopic display device |
Family Cites Families (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPS5932287A (en) * | 1982-08-16 | 1984-02-21 | Sony Corp | Stereoscopic picture display device |
| US5600402A (en) * | 1995-05-04 | 1997-02-04 | Kainen; Daniel B. | Method and apparatus for producing three-dimensional graphic images using a lenticular sheet |
-
2013
- 2013-12-19 JP JP2015537669A patent/JP6326678B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2013-12-19 CN CN201380049364.2A patent/CN104871071B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1545815A (en) * | 2001-08-21 | 2004-11-10 | �ʼҷ����ֵ��ӹɷ�����˾ | Observer-adaptive autostereoscopic display |
| UA14885U (en) * | 2006-02-03 | 2006-05-15 | Vasyl Borysovych Odnorozhenko | Automatic stereoscopic system (stereostep) |
| WO2008091237A1 (en) * | 2007-01-24 | 2008-07-31 | Odnorozhenko Vasiliy Borisovic | Autostereoscopic 'stereostep-eclipsmethod' system |
| CN101907774A (en) * | 2010-07-05 | 2010-12-08 | 深圳超多维光电子有限公司 | Stereoscopic display device |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP6326678B2 (en) | 2018-05-23 |
| CN104871071B (en) | 2018-10-09 |
| JP2016503184A (en) | 2016-02-01 |
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