WO2008091237A1

WO2008091237A1 - Autostereoscopic 'stereostep-eclipsmethod' system

Info

Publication number: WO2008091237A1
Application number: PCT/UA2007/000025
Authority: WO
Inventors: Vasiliy Borisovich Odnorozhenko; Beniamin Gurgenovich Stepanjan
Original assignee: Odnorozhenko Vasiliy Borisovic; Beniamin Gurgenovich Stepanjan
Priority date: 2007-01-24
Filing date: 2007-04-10
Publication date: 2008-07-31

Abstract

The invention relates to displaying/showing stereoscopic images and can be used for television, advertising, computing, in inspection and control systems, in CAD, game engineering, for developing training simulators, in avionics and instrument engineering, in sciences, education and medicine for three-dimensional modeling and for displaying static images and dynamic processes in a 3-D format. The inventive autostereoscopic system comprises a visualisation surface provided with a ready-to-separation color-encoded image, a removable screen which is positioned in front of the visualisation surface and consists of two rasters which are arranged on the opposite sides with respect to a common light flux dissipating focal plane and each of which comprises lens elements and/or optical equivalents thereof which are arranged through a surface without spaces in such a way that the coaxial pairs of the lens elements and/or equivalents thereof are formed, wherein the image consists of the sequence of n aspects, the recurrence frequency of which is equal to or greater than 0.02-0.05 sec-1, and each pairs of the lens elements and/or equivalents thereof is provided with n eclipse shutters each of which opens the aspect corresponding thereto. Since a structured video sequence is formed using aspects which are arranged through the entire visualisation surface and, thereby, covers all the micrographic elements of an image with a complete range of colours, the three-dimensional picture transmits the complete range of 2D video content colours.

Description

AUTOSTEREOSCOPIC SYSTEM

The field of technology.

The invention relates to techniques for demonstration / display of stereoscopic images and can be used in television, advertising, in computing, in control and management systems, CAD, gaming equipment, to create simulators / simulators, in avionics and instrument making, in science, education, medicine for 3D modeling and visual representation of static images and dynamic processes in 3D format.

The prior art.

3D imaging continues to be a major technical challenge. The method of color anaglyphs is known, which consists in obtaining a stereoscopic image using two images / angles painted in complementary / complementary colors that make up a stereo pair, which is then viewed using glasses with different color filters. When viewing a stereo pair through such glasses, each eye perceives only its own angle / image. At the same time, due to the effect of binocular combination of angles (convergence), a three-dimensional image is formed. The development of this method is limited by the user's discomfort regarding the need to wear / use filter glasses. In 1908, Gabriel Lippman proposed a technology for recording and reproducing three-dimensional images using embossed optical plates consisting of orderly placed microlenses, and marked the beginning of the development of a multi-component approach to three-dimensional graphics. Lippman's raster-based idea was developed by Maurice Bonnet. Further development of this approach includes technical solutions with variations of lens reliefs or lattice structures, for obtaining stereo images using a stereo pair specially prepared for separation. The indicated preparation consists in graphically transforming the stereopair angles so that when combining the image and the raster, taking into account the refraction of the rays in it, both angles are restored separately for each eye.

A technical solution is known - according to the application WO 99/09750 of 02.25.1999, IPC 7 G 02 B 27/22, H 04 N 13/00 Stereoscopic viewing system. " A well-known technical solution includes the preparation of the original stereo pair by the Lippman-Bonnet method, which consists in the fact that the stereo pair angles are interspersed with inverted vertical stripes while maintaining the order of their sequence — by the number of lens elements of the lenticular raster, which, when superimposed on a compressed strip image, separately restores both foreshortenings - for the left and right eye. The practical implementation of this stereoscopic viewing system requires precise positioning of the optical elements of the lenticular raster relative to the strips of the prepared image. Known autostereoscopic system - according to patent RU N °

2168192 dated 05/27/2001 IPC 7 G 02 B 27/22, H 04 N 13/00 “Vizualnoe display device and method for forming three-dimensional images This technical solution is based on the use of a trellis mask consisting of separate optical elements with a variable focus the distance set over the field of discrete micrographs physical elements - pixels (images) so that each pixel is positioned on the optical axis of an individual optical element. External control of the focal length of individual optical elements allows you to simulate differences in the depth of visual perception of the corresponding pixels, i.e. show the stereo effect of the image as a whole. This technical solution is complex and cumbersome in the number of constituent elements and their organization in a single design.

The main problem of implementing the above technical solutions and / or their known analogues is the fatal requirement for the precision positioning of optical elements relative to elements of a specially prepared image on the visualization surface. The practical use of such systems is ensured by rigidly fixing their optical elements with respect to image pixels, which excludes mutual drift / displacement of optical elements; therefore, such solutions practically exclude 2D / 3D conversion. Since currently the main manufacturers and consumers of video products use a 2D format for its visualization, the possibility of compatibility and the use of existing 2D formats for their transformation into a ZD format is an urgent technical task. The technical solution of the autostereoscopic system is known - according to patent US N24729017 of 02.25.1986, IPC H 04 N 13/00. Known technical solution includes a display surface of the visualization with a specially prepared image, which is divided into pixels. The elements of the optical lattice are positioned relative to the pixels of the image and combined into a standalone removable lattice plate. On the surface of the visualization through the trellis plate, the viewer sees a stereoscopic image. Thus, the removable grid plate should provide 2D / 3D image conversion. However, in practice, the exact positioning of the grating plate on the display relative to the image pixels is a complex optical mechanical task that ne ⁴ peshena in the prior art and in this case the inevitable distortion of the projected image through the plate and loss of stereo effect.

The technical solution of the autostereoscopic system is known - according to the patent US 2004263970 dated December 30, 2004. MILF G 02 В 27/22 "Consistent Auto-Stero-Soris Flat Rapel Dislau". This system includes a flat screen monitor - a visualization surface on which there is a pixel image of a stereo pair prepared for separation by the Lippman-Bonnet method, as well as a removable screen in the form of a lenticular raster located parallel to the surface of the visualization. The known autostereoscopic system includes means for alignment in the form of an optical test implemented in the form of an oriented slit raster on the monitor screen together with a mechanical displacement of the removable screen (shift / rotation) with optical elements relative to the prepared image on the visualization surface. An obvious limitation of this system is the requirement for a flat monitor screen and the discomfort of the unavoidable special actions of the viewer to adjust the position of the removable screen, which takes time and is accompanied by the inevitable loss of video information.

The technical solution of the autostereoscopic system is known - according to the patent of Ukraine UA 14885 U, МIZЖ G 02 В 27/22, H 04 N 13/00 “Automatic telescopic system (StereoStep)”, which includes a visualization surface with a stereo pair prepared for separation and a removable screen with a raster optical a system located in front of the visualization surface. The stereo pair is made in the form of an anaglyph, and the removable screen consists of two rasters located on different sides relative to the common scattering light stream of the focal plane, each of which consists of lens elements and / or their optical equivalents laid on the surface without gaps, with the formation coaxial pairs of lens elements, each of which contains an anaglyphic filter (the closest analogue).

The essence of the known invention lies in the fact that the separation of the angles of a stereo pair of anaglyphically prepared image is carried out by the raster structure provided in the claimed technical solution with anaglyphic filtering, which does not require precise positioning relative to the visualization surface. This provides 2D compatibility, eliminates the need to adjust the removable screen during installation and use, and also provides stereo playback with stable quality anaglyphic technology on any, not just a flat screen. Thus, the conversion of a 2D / 3D format for a user is reduced only to connecting a removable screen to a visualization surface with a prepared image. At the same time, representing a stereo pair in the form of an anaglyph ensures the placement of each of its angles on the entire visualization surface, which ensures high quality representation of each angle of the stereo image by eliminating the loss of accuracy - image clarity.

However, the well-known autostereoscopic system uses the anaglyphic principle of representing a three-dimensional scene (object), which is accompanied by color distortion of the image, since it uses color coding for two angles (two additional / complementary colors).

Disclosure of the invention.

The present invention is the creation of an autostereoscopic system that provides high quality color reproduction of stereo images, while at the same time providing the user with comfort when viewing stereo images. The problem is solved in that the autostereoscopic system, including a visualization surface with an image prepared for separation and a removable screen located in front of the visualization surface, consists of two rasters located on different sides relative to the common focal plane scattering the light flux, each of which consists of lens elements and / or their optical equivalents placed on the surface without gaps with the formation of coaxial pairs of lens elements and / or their optical equivalent ENTOV according to the invention - the picture is composed of sequences of n angles with the frequency of repetition of at least 0.02 - 0.05 sec ^"ι, and each pair of lens elements and / or their equivalents provided n optical eklipsnymi gates, each of which opens a corresponding him the angle.

The essence of the claimed invention lies in the fact that the eclipse method is used to separate image angles. The eclipse (obturator) method of stereoscopy consists in separating a stereo pair image by alternately overlapping the light fluxes for the left and right eyes in front of the lenses of the projection device and / or in front of the viewer's eyes. Overlapping should be performed synchronously so that each eye sees only the image intended for it. There should be at least two eclipse shutters, but in general there can be n by the number of image angles.

To implement the claimed technical solution, it is necessary to use e-ellipse shutters (according to the number of image angles) for each pair of lens elements, each of which opens a corresponding angle in sequence, leaving the remaining angles in a darkened state.

The repetition rate should be no less than 0.02-0.05 sec ^"1 , since this frequency is the limit of the sensitivity of the viewer's eye to the rate of change of images. A common part of all autostereoscopic eclipse constructions are two mandatory modules: a positioned optical shutter and an angle distributor. The task of the first module: depending on the position, be transparent for one particular angle and opaque for another. The angle distributor in eclipse systems performs the task of orienting light fluxes belonging to different angles into different eyes.

In the technical solution that is claimed, these functions are performed by a structure of two rasters located on different sides with respect to the common focal plane, which scatters the luminous flux, each of which consists of lens elements and / or their optical equivalents placed on the surface without gaps with the formation of coaxial pairs of lens elements and / or their equivalents, with each pair of lens elements and / or their equivalents equipped with n eclipse shutters, in exact accordance with the number of angles. Using the eclipse method based on the specified raster structure makes it possible to obtain a panoramic autostereoscopic image on the screen.

The raster structure, as a multicomponent carrier of an integrated image, does not require, as in the closest analogue, precision positioning relative to the visualization surface. This provides the system with 2D compatibility and eliminates the need to adjust the screen with consistent stereo effect quality.

The eclipse method provides for the consistent use of each angle with its placement on the entire surface of the visualization, thereby ensuring the completeness, clarity, contrast and transmission of the entire gamut of image colors. At the same time, a stereo effect with consistent quality is provided for many viewers, which can be compared with direct observation of the screen. At the same time, the necessary optical changes in video content for the user consist only in attaching (applying) a removable screen to the visualization display surface, where video content is broadcast in the described structured format, that is, in the form of an alternating sequence of angles that follow with a frequency of at least 0.02 - 0 05 sec. ^"1 .

Thus, the set of essential features of the technical solution, which is claimed, solves the problem - providing high quality color rendering of the stereo image while ensuring comfort for the user when reconstructing the stereo effect and when converting 2D format to 3D format.

As a result of an expanded search in the patent and scientific and technical literature on the relevant rubrics of the Moscow State Library and the UDC, the set of significant differences, which fully or partially coincides with the stated one and allows solving the inventive problem, was not found in any of the technical solutions.

Therefore, the claimed technical solution meets the criterion of "novelty."

From the prior art, the totality of the features of the claimed technical solution obviously does not follow. Therefore, the claimed technical solution meets the criterion of "Inventive Level".

Description of embodiments of the invention.

The inventive autostereoscopic system has passed model and laboratory tests at the Engineering Agency "Antenet", which is confirmed by examples of specific performance.

In FIG. 1 shows an autostereoscopic system (general view); In FIG. 2 shows the raster design of the removable screen (a variant of the lenticular rasters), (a) the raster design in assembly, (b) the components of the removable screen;

In FIG. 3 shows a pair of lens elements with a common optical axis;

In FIG. 4 shows a diagram of the formation of a structural video sequence;

In FIG. 5 shows a control circuit of an eclipse shutter matrix.

An autostereoscopic system includes a visualization surface (1) with an image prepared for separation and a removable screen (2) with a raster optical system located in front of the visualization surface (1). The removable screen (2) consists of two rasters - (3), (4) located on different sides relative to the common scattering light flux of the focal plane (5). Each of the two rasters (3), (4), consists of lens elements (6) and / or their optical equivalents placed on the surface without gaps, with the formation of pairs (7) of coaxial lens elements (6) with a common optical axis (8 )

The image consists of a sequence of n angles of 9χ - 9 _n , and their repetition rate is not less than 0.02 - 0.05 sec. ^"1 .

Each pair (7) of coaxial lens elements (6) and / or their equivalents is equipped with 10 e - 1O _n eclipse shutters, each of which opens each of the corresponding angles of the 9 _\ - 9 _n sequence synchronously with their repetition rate.

Since each of the shutters of each lens element (6) must synchronously open a corresponding aspect fragment, it is advisable to control the eclipse shutters 10i - 1O _{n to} combine them into a matrix (11) structurally identical to the matrix of lens elements, bearing in mind that each lens element has n eclipse shutters 10χ - 1O _n , in our example we consider a variant of two eclipse shutters 10i, 1O ₂ . In the example, the variant with lenticular rasters is considered and, accordingly, the matrix of eclipse shutters accommodates two elementary strip shutters for each lens element, while each shutter has two states - transparent and opaque. The eclipse shutter matrix (11) is located in the focal plane (5) of the raster optical system.

The formation of a structured video sequence is shown in FIG. 4. The image angles (9i ... 9 _n ) that follow with a frequency of not less than 0.02 - 0.05 sec ^L are focused with the following orientation so that the adjacent angles are directed separately for the corresponding eye and, thus , a structured video sequence is perceived by the viewer as a three-dimensional stereo image.

The focus and orientation of each angle is provided by the optical raster system, and the eclipse shutter (10) ensures that the corresponding angles appear in the corresponding sections of the raster system. The matrix (11) of the eclipse shutters (10) is controlled by any known method, for example, as shown in FIG. 5, where the matrix of liquid crystal elements is used as the matrix (11) of the eclipse shutters (10). The manifestation of the stereoscopic effect when freely hanging the screen (2) on the surface (1) of visualization with structured 2D video content occurs in this way.

The control signal for changing the frame-angle, synchronized with the switching of the strip sections of the eclipse matrix (11), simultaneously turns on the transparency mode for all, for example, unpaired matrix stripes 10i. Moreover, paired 1O ₂ bands are opaque. Through transparent stripes, the focused image fragments from the corresponding lens elements of the object raster are restored by the lens elements of the ocular raster and are combined for the viewer in a single visual field - the current screen image, which is oriented Tinted for the corresponding eye. The next labeling signal simultaneously turns on the transparency mode for paired bands of the matrix, and unpaired bands become opaque. In this case, an image is formed for the second eye of the viewer, provided that the requirements for the repetition rate of frame views are met. Thus, a stereo pair of stereoscopic images is formed and the viewer sees a three-dimensional picture in the frame.

With more angles, the image will be more complete, embossed. In this case, the number of stripes of the eclipse matrix increases in accordance with the number of angles and the control scheme should ensure the corresponding inclusion of their transparent and opaque section.

Since the formation of a structured video sequence takes place using angles that are placed on the entire visualization surface and, accordingly, covers all micrographic image elements with a full gamut of colors, the three-dimensional picture conveys the full gamut of colors of 2D video content.

SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)

Claims

CLAIM

Autostereoscopic system "STEREOSTEP-ECLIPSMETHOD", including a visualization surface with an image prepared for separation and a removable screen located in front of the visualization surface, consisting of two rasters located on different sides relative to the common focal plane scattering the light flux, each of which consists of lens elements and / or their optical equivalents placed on the surface without gaps with the formation of coaxial pairs of lens elements and / or their optical equivalents, characterized by We note that the image consists of a sequence of ра angles with a repetition rate of at least 0.02 - 0.05 sec ^{1 1} , and each pair of LICENSED elements and / or their optical equivalents is equipped with эк eclipse shutters, each of which opens its corresponding foreshortening.

SUBSTITUTE SHEET (RULE 26)