UA14885U - Automatic stereoscopic system (stereostep) - Google Patents

Abstract

The proposed automatic stereoscopic system contains two stereoscopic elements with anaglyph structure and a demountable screen, which is installed in front of the surface for viewing the image. The screen contains two rasters, which are arranged on different sides of the focal plane that scatters the light flux. Each raster consists of lens elements, which are installed on the screen surface without gaps between the elements. Each lens element contains an anaglyph filter.

Description

Description of the invention

The useful model refers to the technique of displaying stereoscopic images and can be used in 2 television, in computing, in control and management systems, CAD, gaming equipment, for creating simulators in avionics and instrument engineering, in science, education, medicine and so on, - for three-dimensional modeling and visual representation of static and dynamic processes in ZO-format.

Creating a 3D image continues to be a major technical challenge. The color anaglyph method is well-known, which consists in obtaining a stereoscopic image using two 70 images painted in additional (complementary) colors, perspectives, which make up a stereo pair, which the viewer then looks at using glasses with light filters of different colors. When viewing a stereo pair through such glasses, each eye perceives only its perspective-image. At the same time, due to the effect of binocular mixing of colors, a three-dimensional image is formed. The development of this method is limited by the discomfort of the user in terms of the need to use light-filtering glasses. 12 In 1908, Gabriel Lippmann proposed the technology of recording and reproducing a three-dimensional image using relief optical plates consisting of microlenses arranged in an orderly manner, and initiated the development of a multi-component approach to three-dimensional graphics. Maurice Bonnet developed Lippmann's idea on a raster basis. Further development of the above approach includes technical solutions with variations of lens reliefs or lattice structures, for obtaining stereo images using a stereo pair specially prepared for separation. This preparation consists in the graphical transformation of the angles of the stereo pair so that when combining the image and the raster, taking into account the refraction of rays in it, both angles are restored separately for each eye.

The technical solution is known according to (applications M/S 99/09750 dated 25.02.1999. MPK7 502827/22, НО4М13/00 "Stereoscopic viewing system"). A well-known technical solution includes the preparation of the original stereo pair by the DLippmann-Bonnet method 22, which consists in the fact that the angles of the stereo pair are interspersed with inverted vertical -o stripes while preserving the order of their passage - according to the number of lens elements of the lenticular raster, in such a way that when superimposed on a compressed strip image both angles are restored separately - for the left and right eye.

The practical implementation of the known stereoscopic viewing system requires precise positioning of the optical elements of the lenticular raster relative to the strips of the prepared image. with

A known autostereoscopic system - according to (patent KO Mo2168192 dated 27.05.2001 MPK7 502827/22, nHO4M13/00 "Visual display device and method of forming a three-dimensional image"). A known technical solution is based on the application of a grating mask consisting of separate optical elements with a variable focal length, set over a field of discrete micrographic image elements - pixels, so that each pixel is positioned on the optical axis of a separate optical element. External control - the focal length of individual optical elements allows to simulate differences in the depth of visual perception of the corresponding pixels, that is, to reveal the stereo effect of the image as a whole. The known technical solution is complex and cumbersome in terms of the number of constituent elements and their organization into a single structure. "

The main problem of the implementation of the technical solutions discussed above is the requirement of precise positioning of the optical elements in relation to the elements of a specially prepared image on the visualization surface. The practical use of such systems is ensured by rigid fixation of their optical elements relative to the pixels

From" image, which excludes mutual drift (shift) of optical elements, and similar solutions practically exclude 20/3O-conversion.

Since currently the main producers and consumers of video products use the 2O format for its visualization, the possibility of compatibility and the use of existing 2O0 resources for their transformation into the ZO format is an urgent technical task. "" The technical solution of the autostereoscopic system is known according to (patent О5 Мо4729017 dated 25.02.1986 of the IPC

НО4М13/00)Й. A known technical solution includes a visualization display surface with a specially prepared image that is divided into pixels. Elements of optical gratings are positioned relative to the pixels of the image and at 20 are combined into an autonomous removable grating plate. On the visualization surface, the viewer sees a stereoscopic image through the lattice plate. Thus, the removable grating plate should provide sl 20/3O image conversion. However, in practice, the precise positioning of the lattice plate on the display relative to the image pixels is a complex optical-mechanical problem that is not solved in the known technical solution, and in this case, distortions of the image projected throughout the plate and the loss of the stereo effect are inevitable. 52 The technical solution of the autostereoscopic system is known - according to (patent 05 2004263970 dated 30.12.2004. IPC p502827/22 "Sopmepirie atsioviegeozsoris Pai rape! aizriau" (closest analogue)). The known system includes a flat monitor screen - a visualization surface on which there is a pixel image of a stereo pair prepared for separation by the Lippmann-Bonnet method, as well as a removable screen in the form of a lenticular raster located parallel to the visualization surface. The known autostereoscopic system includes means for 60 alignment in the form of an optical test implemented in the form of an oriented slit raster on the monitor screen together with a device for mechanical displacement of the removable screen with optical elements relative to the prepared image on the visualization surface. An obvious limitation of the known system is the requirement of a flat monitor screen and discomfort from the irresistible special actions of the user to adjust the position of the removable screen, which require time and are accompanied by the inevitable loss of video information. because the task of the proposed technical solution is to create a comfortable autostereoscopic system that provides high quality stereoscopic image when converting 20-format to 3-format.

The problem is solved by the fact that in the autostereoscopic system, which includes a visualization surface with a stereo pair prepared for separation and a removable screen with a raster optical structure, located in front of the visualization surface, according to the technical solution that is claimed, the stereo pair prepared for separation is made in the form of an anaglyph, and the removable screen consists of two rasters located on opposite sides of the common focal plane that disperses the light flux, each of which consists of lens elements and/or their optical equivalents laid on a surface without gaps, forming coaxial pairs of lens elements, each of which contains an anaglyph filter. 70 The essence of the useful model is that the separation of the angles of the stereo pair of the anaglyphically prepared image is carried out by the raster structure with anaglyphic filtering provided in the technical solution, which does not require precise positioning with respect to the visualization surface. This ensures the conversion of 20-format to 3-format, eliminates the need to adjust the removable screen during its installation and use, and also provides reproduction of the stereo effect with stable quality of anaglyph /5 technology.

Thus, the conversion of the 20-format to the ZO-format for the user is reduced only to the attachment of the removable screen to the visualization surface with the prepared image. At the same time, the representation of a stereo pair in the form of an anaglyph ensures the placement of each of its angles on the entire visualization surface, which ensures high quality of the representation of each angle of a stereo image due to the exclusion of the loss of accuracy - clarity and contrast, which is irresistible in the closest analogue, where only half of the finite number of pixels on the surface is used visualization.

In addition to the above, the presentation of a stereo pair in the form of an anaglyph on the visualization surface is invariant with respect to: - polygraphic, which is not provided by the closest analogue, or screen (television, computer or special monitors/indicators) visualization surfaces; - topology and organization of color-light-forming pixels; this mode is not supported by the closest analogue when the micrographic geometry of the screen and raster elements are not dimensional, as well as in the case of horizontal placement of color-forming pixel elements; - digital or analog, including CRT, - reproduction of images on the visualization surface; the nearest analogue, due to local instability of the image on the CRT screen, does not support this mode; In addition, it should be noted that the anaglyph representation of the stereo pair, due to the peculiarities of its formation, preserves the full (without topological deformations) reproduction of each of its angles; this allows direct (without a removable screen) visual perception of the image, which is impossible in the nearest analog, and also excludes the irresistible in the nearest analog half loss of illumination (light reflection - for emitting screens) of each angle of the stereo pair, since the image in the solution of the nearest analog occupies only half - visualization surfaces; "-

The raster structure of the proposed technical solution inherits and develops the well-known multi-component approach in building an autostereoscopic system. Two rasters, each of which consists of lens elements and/or their optical equivalents, placed on a surface without gaps, with the formation of coaxial pairs of lens elements, and symmetrically located with respect to the common focal plane that disperses the light flux, - "provide encoding-decoding of of the volumetric scene, which does not distort the image from the lens side and its stereo reproduction for the viewer from the side of the eyepiece, as if he were watching the three-dimensional scene through a transparent screen. This functional transparency of the raster design of the claimed technical solution means that it can be positioned anywhere between the object and the viewer. As a result, the limitation of the closest analogue to the use of a removable screen only for flat visualization surfaces, to the adjacency of the removable screen, as well as the possible influence of the thickness of the external material of the monitor and its optical properties, is excluded. - A defined shift (rotation/shift in its own plane) of the raster structure of the claimed technical solution is also allowed. In addition, due to the possible separate change in the curvature of the lenses in raster-components, o - we have the possibility of optical adjustment of the stereo effect in the part of changing the parallax, which is absent in analogues

Go! optoeffects in the form of zooming in and zooming out of the object scene.

Raster components can be not only lenticular, as in the closest analogue, but also piecewise linear (with a stepped shift of the lens elements, - to smooth out the gaps between the frontal viewing zones) and other multilenses, or their optical equivalents (Fresnel, slit, holographic). The parameters of raster components (curvature of lens elements, step/placement geometry, material) are technologically determined by the task of the viewer's frontal removal distance from the Visualization surface and viewing angles of this surface.

Thus, the optical properties of the raster structure of the claimed technical solution allow: c - not only a parallel or dense location of the removable screen relative to the visualization surface (as in the closest analogue), but also its non-equidistant location relative to this surface; - not only a flat visualization surface (as in the closest analogue), but also the curvature of this surface in the range of standard values for external surfaces of television, computer and special monitors; - complete exclusion of precise horizontal-vertical adjustment of the position of the raster structure of the claimed technical solution due to the noted invariance of optical effects when the removable screen is moved vertically and/or horizontally relative to the visualization surface; - complete exclusion of angular adjustment of the position of the removable screen, due to the invariance of optical 65 effects when rotating the raster structure of the claimed technical solution with respect to the visualization surface at angles within the range of permissible rotations of the light filtering pair in anaglyph technology;

- optical adjustment of parallax and zooming in/out of the object scene due to the possibility of implementing different curvature of the lens elements on the raster components of the raster structure of the claimed technical solution.

Anaglyph filters, created so that their optical projection onto the focal plane of the lens pair fills this plane and forms two continuous multi-colored zones symmetrically adjacent to the optical plane of the cylindrical lens, or to the diameter of the given orientation in the projection of the spherical lens onto the focal plane.

A set of anaglyph filters of separate lens pairs create an integral anaglyph filter-separator system. At the focal placement of local anaglyph filters, a solid 70 anaglyph system filter will be formed.

In a continuous anaglyph filter system, for example, based on a lenticular raster, adjacent local anaglyph filters are adjacent to each other with areas of different colors and form a regular structure of parallel strips of the same width (size n/2), with alternating coloring, each pair is positioned under the cylindrical lenses of the raster . At the same time, the even stripes are painted in one color, the odd stripes in another; and 7/5 single-color stripes alternate with the raster step y. For other multi-lens rasters, solid focal anaglyph filters also have a regular structure defined by the tight placement geometry of, for example, spherical lenses and the contiguousness of their focal regions.

The functional combination of a raster design and an anaglyphic angle separator in a removable screen ensures the manifestation of an autostereoscopic effect with convenient use - free hanging of the 2o removable screen on the anaglyph image on the visualization surface. This is confirmed by an example of the implementation of the technical solution of the claimed autostereoscopic system.

Figure 1 shows an autostereoscopic system (general view);

Figure 2 shows the raster design of the removable screen (variant of lenticular rasters); (a) - raster structure as a whole, (b) - components of the removable screen;

Figure 3 shows a pair of lens elements with a common optical axis;

Figure 4 shows a diagram of the stereo effect. t

The autostereoscopic system includes a visualization surface 1 with a stereo pair prepared for separation and a removable screen 2 with a raster optical system located in front of the visualization surface 1. The stereo pair is made in the form of an anaglyph, and the removable screen 2 consists of two rasters - 3, 4, located on different sides from the common focal plane 5, which disperses the light flux. Each of the two rasters Z, 4 consists of lens elements 6 and/or their optical equivalents located on the surface without gaps, with the formation of 7 pairs of lens elements 6 with a common optical axis 8. Each pair of 7 coaxial lens elements is supplied with an anaglyph filter 9. Each anaglyphic filter 9 consists of a light filtering pair of complementary colors - for example, a red filter 10 and a blue filter 11.

The autostereoscopic system functions as follows: "-

Manifestation of the stereo effect of the autostereoscopic system when using an anaglyph image of a stereo pair and a lenticular raster structure (rasters 3, 4, and focal plane 5) with an anaglyph multifilter, which in turn consists of anaglyph filters 9 of each pair of 7 coaxial lens elements b with focal placement of the anaglyph filter 9 includes the following stages: "- the integral light flux emitted (reflected) by the anaglyph image self-focuses in the focal plane 5 symmetrically relative to the optical center 12 of the objective lens 13, i.e. the horizontally inverted fragment of the left angle is reflected in the scattering zone to the right of the optical one;" axis 8 of lens pair 7. Similarly, the inverted fragment of the right angle is reflected in the scattering zone to the left of the optical axis 8 of lens pair 7. Automatic image coding similar to the Lippmann-Bonnet method took place in the scattering zone of lens pair 7; - - mixed color images are projected through light filters 10, 11 and scattered into the body of the adjacent eyepiece raster 14. At the same time, the red filter 10 selects the left angle, and the blue filter 11 - the right angle of the initial stereo pair; o - decoding of the integral images of the angles occurs automatically on the basis of the properties 5r of the Multilens ocular raster 14, in the focal plane 5 of which, in the scattering zone, an image coded similarly to the Lippmann-Bonnet method is located, that is, paraxial rays of scattered radiation, as well as non-central rays, which are refracted - for non-frontal viewing, provide re-inversion of perspective fragments and their angular orientation for binocular (stereoscopic) perception of the decoded image by the viewer at a given viewing distance. 5B Thus, the example shows that the set of essential features of the proposed technical solution solves the task of creating a comfortable autostereoscopic system that provides high quality stereoscopic images when converting 20-format to 3-format. A raster structure with a built-in anaglyph filter simultaneously performs two functions: separation of angles and their encoding-decoding.

The optical properties of the detachable screen, which includes a raster structure and an anaglyph filter, ensure fragmented separation of the angles of the anaglyph image from the surface of visualization by the raster lens with individual filters, and orderly symmetric optical self-focusing of these fragments in the focal plane of the eyepiece raster, which provides the viewer with an autostereoscopic effect for volumetric scenes.

Thus, the proposed technical solution solves the task - it provides a high degree of comfort for the user and an appropriate degree of stereoscopic quality at 20/30 conversion of the original 65 image. It is also shown that the capabilities of the claimed autostereoscopic system are invariant to analog or digital representation of images, for static or dynamic graphics. The implementation of the claimed autostereoscopic system is possible in constructively simple, passive or active, options for the manufacture of a raster structure, allows both its attached and built-in use in visualization tools without restrictions related to the requirements of precision positioning on the visualization surface.

The claimed system is suitable for any means of indication (including various monitor screens) and is fully compatible with arbitrary 20-format devices and polygraphy. At the same time, the standard anaglyph representation of the stereo pair, mastered and supported in printing, in computing and on television, is used - without any medico-biological restrictions for viewers.

Claims (1)

The formula of the invention Autostereoscopic system, which includes a visualization surface with a stereo pair prepared for separation and a removable screen with a raster optical structure, located in front of the visualization surface, /5 which differs in that the stereo pair is made in the form of an anaglyph, and the removable screen consists of two rasters located along different sides of a common focal plane that disperses the light flux, each of which consists of lens elements and/or their optical equivalents located on a surface without gaps to form coaxial pairs of lens elements, each of which contains an anaglyph filter. that 2 IF) (ee) (ee) « yo - and? - sh» (ee) (ee) sl 60 b5