CN104865734B - 彩膜基板及液晶面板 - Google Patents

彩膜基板及液晶面板 Download PDF

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CN104865734B
CN104865734B CN201510310490.XA CN201510310490A CN104865734B CN 104865734 B CN104865734 B CN 104865734B CN 201510310490 A CN201510310490 A CN 201510310490A CN 104865734 B CN104865734 B CN 104865734B
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CN104865734A (zh
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于晓平
陈孝贤
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TCL China Star Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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Shenzhen China Star Optoelectronics Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明提供一种彩膜基板及液晶面板。本发明的彩膜基板包括基板、及设于所述基板上的色阻层与黑色矩阵，所述色阻层包括呈矩阵排列的数个子像素区域，所述数个子像素区域通过黑色矩阵间隔开，所述子像素区域包括子像素主区与子像素辅区，所述子像素辅区的两侧分别设有与其电性连接的第一透明电极与第二透明电极；所述子像素辅区由电致变色材料制备而成，通过调控所述第一透明电极与第二透明电极加载于所述子像素辅区两侧的电压信号，控制所述子像素辅区的颜色变化，实现彩膜基板在高色饱与高亮度显示模式之间的切换。本发明的液晶面板，其中设有可实现高色饱与高亮度显示模式的切换的彩膜基板，能够同时满足高色饱和高亮度的显示需求。

Description

彩膜基板及液晶面板
技术领域
本发明涉及显示技术领域，尤其涉及一种彩膜基板及液晶面板。
背景技术
液晶显示装置(LCD，Liquid Crystal Display)具有机身薄、省电、无辐射等众多优点，得到了广泛的应用。如：液晶电视、移动电话、个人数字助理(PDA)、数字相机、计算机屏幕或笔记本电脑屏幕等。
通常液晶显示装置包括壳体、设于壳体内的液晶显示面板及设于壳体内的背光模组(Backlight module)。其中，液晶显示面板的结构主要是由一薄膜晶体管阵列基板(ThinFilm Transistor Array Substrate，TFT Array Substrate)、一彩膜基板(Color Filter，CF)、以及配置于两基板间的液晶层(Liquid Crystal Layer)所构成，其工作原理是通过在两片玻璃基板上施加驱动电压来控制液晶层的液晶分子的旋转，将背光模组的光线折射出来产生画面。液晶显示器能呈现彩色影像主要是靠彩膜基板，彩膜基板性能的好坏直接影响到液晶显示器的色彩饱和度、色彩对比度、及显示亮度等性能。
请参阅图1，为一种现有的彩膜基板的俯视示意图。该彩膜基板包括基板100、设于所述基板100上的色阻层200与黑色矩阵400，所述色阻层200包括呈矩阵排列的数个色阻块300，所述色阻块300可以为红色色阻块(R)，绿色色阻块(G)、或蓝色色阻块(B)，所述数个色阻块300通过黑色矩阵400间隔开，并且所有色阻块300均采用条状结构设计。其中，每一色阻块300对应液晶显示器中的一个子像素，不同颜色子像素的色坐标设置能够体现液晶显示器的色彩表现能力，对不同颜色子像素施加电压所表现出来的色彩会受到色阻的色彩表现能力的限制。为提高某色阻的色彩表现能力，可能会损失掉该颜色子像素的可见光透过率，从而使得液晶显示器整体的显示亮度降低。目前，已有通过增加白色(W)矩阵或黄色(Y)矩阵得到RGBW或RGBY的显示矩阵的方法来实现高亮度或高色彩饱和度的显示模式。然而在增加色彩饱和度的同时会降低显示器的显示亮度，无法同时满足高色饱和高亮度显示的需求。
电致变色是指材料在电场作用下产生稳定可逆变化的现象。当材料在电化学作用下发生电子与离子的注入与抽出，使其价态和化学组分发生变化，从而使材料的反射与透射性能改变，在外观性能上则表现为颜色及透明度的可逆变化。其主要特点包括：(1)电致变色材料中电荷的注入与抽出可以通过外界电压或电流的改变而方便地实现，注入或抽出电荷的多少直接决定了材料的致色程度；(2)通过改变电压的极性可以方便地实现着色或消色；(3)已着色的材料在切断电流而不发生氧化还原反应的情况下，可以保持着色状态，具有记忆功能。基于以上特点，电致变色材料已经逐渐用于制备显示器件。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于提供一种彩膜基板，其可以在高色饱与高亮度显示模式之间进行切换。
本发明的目的还在于提供一种液晶面板，其可以在高色饱与高亮度显示模式之间进行切换。
为实现上述目的，本发明提供一种彩膜基板，其包括基板、及设于所述基板上的色阻层与黑色矩阵，所述色阻层包括呈矩阵排列的数个子像素区域，所述数个子像素区域通过黑色矩阵间隔开，所述子像素区域包括子像素主区与子像素辅区，所述子像素辅区的两侧分别设有与其电性连接的第一透明电极与第二透明电极；
所述子像素辅区由电致变色材料制备而成，通过调控所述第一透明电极与第二透明电极加载于所述子像素辅区两侧的电压信号，控制所述子像素辅区的颜色变化，实现彩膜基板在高色饱与高亮度显示模式之间的切换。
所述电致变色材料为n型金属氧化物和阴极脱色导电聚合物中的至少一种。
所述阴极脱色导电聚合物为紫罗碱类化合物、邻苯二甲酸酯类化合物、吡啶类化合物、或蒽醌类化合物。
所述电致变色材料为p型金属氧化物和阳极脱色导电聚合物中的至少一种。
所述阳极脱色导电聚合物为苯胺类化合物、氨基醌类化合物、含有稀土元素的有机化合物、二苯并二噁英类化合物、或染料化合物。
所述子像素辅区通过真空溅射沉积、化学聚合、或电化学聚合的方式制备。
所述子像素主区的材料为颜料与光阻的混合物；所述子像素主区的制备方法为：将颜料分散在光阻中，制备出具有颜色的光阻混合物，再将该具有颜色的光阻混合物涂布在基板上，经过曝光，显影等光刻工艺后制得。
所述子像素辅区在不加载电压信号的情况下，呈现出与子像素主区不同的其它特定颜色，在加载电压信号的情况下呈透明状、不显示颜色。
所述子像素辅区在不加载电压信号的情况下呈透明状、不显示颜色，而在加载电压信号的情况下，呈现出与子像素主区不同的其它特定颜色。
本发明还提供一种液晶面板，包括上述彩膜基板。
本发明的有益效果：本发明提供一种彩膜基板，包括基板、及设于所述基板上的色阻层与黑色矩阵，所述色阻层包括呈矩阵排列的数个子像素区域，所述数个子像素区域通过黑色矩阵间隔开，所述子像素区域包括子像素主区与子像素辅区，所述子像素辅区两侧分别设有第一透明电极与第二透明电极，所述子像素辅区采用电致变色材料制备，通过调控所述第一透明电极与第二透明电极加载于所述子像素辅区两侧的电压，控制所述子像素辅区的颜色变化，可以改变所述子像素辅区的可见光透过率及色彩表现力，从而使彩膜基板实现高色饱与高亮度显示模式的切换。除了能够同时满足高色饱和高亮度的显示需求外，本发明的彩膜基板还具有对比度高，广视角，色彩丰富等优点。本发明的液晶面板，其中设有可实现高色饱与高亮度显示模式的切换的彩膜基板，能够同时满足高色饱和高亮度的显示需求。
为了能更进一步了解本发明的特征以及技术内容，请参阅以下有关本发明的详细说明与附图，然而附图仅提供参考与说明用，并非用来对本发明加以限制。
附图说明
下面结合附图，通过对本发明的具体实施方式详细描述，将使本发明的技术方案及其它有益效果显而易见。
附图中，
图1为一种现有的彩膜基板的俯视示意图；
图2为本发明的彩膜基板处于高色饱显示模式时的俯视示意图；
图3为本发明的彩膜基板处于高色饱显示模式时的色坐标示意图；
图4为本发明的彩膜基板处于高亮度显示模式时的俯视示意图。
具体实施方式
为更进一步阐述本发明所采取的技术手段及其效果，以下结合本发明的优选实施例及其附图进行详细描述。
请参阅图2与图4，本发明首先提供一种彩膜基板，包括基板1、及设于所述基板1上的色阻层2与黑色矩阵4，所述色阻层2包括呈矩阵排列的数个子像素区域3，所述数个子像素区域3通过黑色矩阵4间隔开，所述子像素区域3包括子像素主区21与子像素辅区22，所述子像素辅区22的两侧分别设有与其电性连接的第一透明电极41与第二透明电极42。
所述子像素辅区22由电致变色材料制备而成，通过调控所述第一透明电极41与第二透明电极42加载于所述子像素辅区22两侧的电压信号，控制所述子像素辅区22的颜色变化，实现彩膜基板在高色饱与高亮度显示模式之间的切换。
具体的，所述电致变色材料可以是n型金属氧化物和阴极脱色导电聚合物中的至少一种；优选的，所述阴极脱色导电聚合物为紫罗碱类化合物、邻苯二甲酸酯类化合物、吡啶类化合物、或蒽醌类化合物。
所述电致变色材料也可以是p型金属氧化物和阳极脱色导电聚合物中的至少一种；优选的，所述阳极脱色导电聚合物为苯胺类化合物、氨基醌类化合物、含有稀土元素的有机化合物、二苯并二噁英类化合物、或染料化合物。
所述子像素辅区22可以根据电致变色材料的特性，选择合适的方式制备，如通过真空溅射沉积、化学聚合、或电化学聚合的方式制备。
具体的，所述子像素主区21的材料为颜料与光阻的混合物，所述颜料可以为红色、绿色、或蓝色颜料，使得所述子像素主区21可以呈现出红色、绿色、或蓝色。
所述子像素主区21可以通过颜料分散法制备，具体步骤为：将颜料分散在光阻中，制备出具有颜色的光阻混合物，再将该具有颜色的光阻混合物涂布在基板1上，经过曝光，显影等光刻工艺后制得。
优选的，所述基板1为透明玻璃基板。
具体的，根据电致变色材料的特性的不同，通过选择合适的电致变色材料，可以使所述子像素辅区22具有两种变色模式：
具体的，第一种变色模式为：所述子像素辅区22设置为在不加载电压信号的情况下，呈现出与子像素主区21不同的其它特定颜色，在加载电压信号的情况下呈透明状、不显示颜色。
第二种变色模式为：所述子像素辅区22设置在不加载电压信号的情况下呈透明状、不显示颜色，而在加载电压信号的情况下，呈现出与子像素主区21不同的其它特定颜色，同样能够实现本发明的彩膜基板在高亮度与高色饱显示模式之间的切换。
本申请主要对第一种变色模式进行详细描述，当所述子像素辅区22设置为第一种变色模式时，所述彩膜基板在高色饱与高亮度显示模式之间的切换方式如下：
如图2所示，所述第一透明电极41与第二透明电极42未在所述子像素辅区22两侧加载电压信号时，所述彩膜基板中依次排列的3个子像素区域3中的子像素主区21分别呈现出红色(R)、绿色(G)和蓝色(B)，依次排列的3个子像素区域3中的子像素辅区22分别呈现出红、绿、蓝以外的其它3种特定颜色，此时，所述彩膜基板处于高色饱显示模式。
如图3所示，为本发明的彩膜基板处于高色饱显示模式时的色度坐标示意图，其中，“NTSC标准”代表的是现有的仅包括红、绿、蓝三种色阻块的彩膜基板，“六色坐标”代表的是本申请的彩膜基板，从图3中看出，现有的彩膜基板仅具有3个色坐标，而本申请的彩膜基板则具有6个色坐标，包括子像素主区21的3个色坐标与子像素辅区22的3个色坐标，所述子像素辅区22的3个色坐标位于所述子像素主区21的3个色坐标围成的色域之外，从而扩展该彩膜基板的色彩表现能力，实现高色饱显示。
如图4所示，所述第一透明电极41与第二透明电极42在所述子像素辅区22两侧加载电压信号后，所述子像素辅区22变为透明状，从而提高了彩膜基板的可见光透过率，整个基板的穿透率大幅提升，此时，所述彩膜基板处于高亮度显示模式。
本发明采用的电致变色材料可以通过外界电压或电流的改变方便地实现材料在颜色及透明度的可逆变化，加载于电致变色材料两端的电压的大小决定材料的变色程度，且所述电致变色材料在切断电源的状况下仍然可以保持着色状态，由于电致变色材料实现变色所需的驱动电压低，反应较灵敏，因此可以满足高色饱和高亮度的显示需求。
基于上述彩膜基板，本发明还提供一种液晶面板，其中设有上述彩膜基板，可通过彩膜基板的高色饱与高亮度显示模式之间的切换，同时满足高色饱和高亮度的显示需求。
综上所述，本发明提供一种彩膜基板，包括基板、及设于所述基板上的色阻层与黑色矩阵，所述色阻层包括呈矩阵排列的数个子像素区域，所述数个子像素区域通过黑色矩阵间隔开，所述子像素区域包括子像素主区与子像素辅区，所述子像素辅区两侧分别设有第一透明电极与第二透明电极，所述子像素辅区采用电致变色材料制备，通过调控所述第一透明电极与第二透明电极加载于所述子像素辅区两侧的电压，控制所述子像素辅区的颜色变化，可以改变所述子像素辅区的可见光透过率及色彩表现力，从而使彩膜基板实现高色饱与高亮度显示模式的切换。除了能够同时满足高色饱和高亮度的显示需求外，本发明的彩膜基板还具有对比度高，广视角，色彩丰富等优点。本发明的液晶面板，其中设有可实现高色饱与高亮度显示模式的切换的彩膜基板，能够同时满足高色饱和高亮度的显示需求。
以上所述，对于本领域的普通技术人员来说，可以根据本发明的技术方案和技术构思作出其他各种相应的改变和变形，而所有这些改变和变形都应属于本发明权利要求的保护范围。

Claims (15)

1.一种彩膜基板，其特征在于，包括基板(1)、及设于所述基板(1)上的色阻层(2)与黑色矩阵(4)，所述色阻层(2)包括呈矩阵排列的数个子像素区域(3)，所述数个子像素区域(3)通过黑色矩阵(4)间隔开，每个所述子像素区域(3)包括子像素主区(21)与子像素辅区(22)，所述子像素辅区(22)的两侧分别设有与其电性连接的第一透明电极(41)与第二透明电极(42)；
所述子像素辅区(22)由电致变色材料制备而成，通过调控所述第一透明电极(41)与第二透明电极(42)加载于所述子像素辅区(22)两侧的电压信号，控制所述子像素辅区(22)的颜色变化，实现彩膜基板在高色饱与高亮度显示模式之间的切换；
所述子像素辅区(22)在不加载电压信号的情况下，呈现出与子像素主区(21)不同的其它特定颜色，在加载电压信号的情况下呈透明状、不显示颜色。
2.如权利要求1所述的彩膜基板，其特征在于，所述电致变色材料为n型金属氧化物和阴极脱色导电聚合物中的至少一种。
3.如权利要求2所述的彩膜基板，其特征在于，所述阴极脱色导电聚合物为紫罗碱类化合物、邻苯二甲酸酯类化合物、吡啶类化合物或蒽醌类化合物。
4.如权利要求1所述的彩膜基板，其特征在于，所述电致变色材料为p型金属氧化物和阳极脱色导电聚合物中的至少一种。
5.如权利要求4所述的彩膜基板，其特征在于，所述阳极脱色导电聚合物为苯胺类化合物、氨基醌类化合物、含有稀土元素的有机化合物、二苯并二噁英类化合物或染料化合物。
6.如权利要求1所述的彩膜基板，其特征在于，所述子像素辅区(22)通过真空溅射沉积、化学聚合或电化学聚合的方式制备。
7.如权利要求1所述的彩膜基板，其特征在于，所述子像素主区(21)的材料为颜料与光阻的混合物；所述子像素主区(21)的制备方法为：将颜料分散在光阻中，制备出具有颜色的光阻混合物，再将该具有颜色的光阻混合物涂布在基板(1)上，经过曝光、显影等光刻工艺后制得。
8.一种彩膜基板，其特征在于，包括基板(1)、及设于所述基板(1)上的色阻层(2)与黑色矩阵(4)，所述色阻层(2)包括呈矩阵排列的数个子像素区域(3)，所述数个子像素区域(3)通过黑色矩阵(4)间隔开，每个所述子像素区域(3)包括子像素主区(21)与子像素辅区(22)，所述子像素辅区(22)的两侧分别设有与其电性连接的第一透明电极(41)与第二透明电极(42)；
所述子像素辅区(22)由电致变色材料制备而成，通过调控所述第一透明电极(41)与第二透明电极(42)加载于所述子像素辅区(22)两侧的电压信号，控制所述子像素辅区(22)的颜色变化，实现彩膜基板在高色饱与高亮度显示模式之间的切换；
所述子像素辅区(22)在不加载电压信号的情况下呈透明状、不显示颜色，而在加载电压信号的情况下，呈现出与子像素主区(21)不同的其它特定颜色。
9.如权利要求8所述的彩膜基板，其特征在于，所述电致变色材料为n型金属氧化物和阴极脱色导电聚合物中的至少一种。
10.如权利要求9所述的彩膜基板，其特征在于，所述阴极脱色导电聚合物为紫罗碱类化合物、邻苯二甲酸酯类化合物、吡啶类化合物或蒽醌类化合物。
11.如权利要求8所述的彩膜基板，其特征在于，所述电致变色材料为p型金属氧化物和阳极脱色导电聚合物中的至少一种。
12.如权利要求11所述的彩膜基板，其特征在于，所述阳极脱色导电聚合物为苯胺类化合物、氨基醌类化合物、含有稀土元素的有机化合物、二苯并二噁英类化合物或染料化合物。
13.如权利要求8所述的彩膜基板，其特征在于，所述子像素辅区(22)通过真空溅射沉积、化学聚合或电化学聚合的方式制备。
14.如权利要求8所述的彩膜基板，其特征在于，所述子像素主区(21)的材料为颜料与光阻的混合物；所述子像素主区(21)的制备方法为：将颜料分散在光阻中，制备出具有颜色的光阻混合物，再将该具有颜色的光阻混合物涂布在基板(1)上，经过曝光、显影等光刻工艺后制得。
15.一种液晶面板，其特征在于，包括如权利要求1或权利要求8所述的彩膜基板。
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