CN104862015B - A kind of two sections of temperature control Fossil fuel gasification installations - Google Patents
A kind of two sections of temperature control Fossil fuel gasification installations Download PDFInfo
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- CN104862015B CN104862015B CN201510292950.0A CN201510292950A CN104862015B CN 104862015 B CN104862015 B CN 104862015B CN 201510292950 A CN201510292950 A CN 201510292950A CN 104862015 B CN104862015 B CN 104862015B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of two sections of temperature control Fossil fuel gasification installations, including：First stage reactor, the first stage reactor is followed successively by dilute-phase zone, emulsion zone, stripping zone from top to bottom, the second stage reactor being connected to above first stage reactor, the second stage reactor is followed successively by dilute-phase zone and emulsion zone from top to bottom, the emulsion zone Jing passages of second stage reactor are directly connected with the dilute-phase zone of first stage reactor, and Jing circulation pipes and temperature-controlled tube are connected with the emulsion zone of first stage reactor and stripping zone respectively.Compared with prior art, the present invention has the advantages that to reduce device manufacturing cost, reducing energy consumption, can also carry out fluidized particles spin-exchange-coupled with other coals or processing of heavy oil device in addition.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Fossil fuel gasification installation, more particularly, to a kind of two sections of temperature control Fossil fuels gasification dress
Put.
Background technology
With the sustainable development of national economy, China is more and more to the demand of Fossil fuel.Come from current consumption structure
See, coal and heavy oil consumption account for more than the 80% of all energy resource consumptions.As coal and heavy oil contain more sulfur, nitrification
Thing, environmental pollution are serious, and its consumption receives the restriction of environmental regulation again.In order to relax the lance of economic development and environmental conservation
Shield, the in recent years clean utilization of coal and heavy oil are subject to people's attention.Wherein, synthesized with coal or petroleum coke as waste
Gas, then favored by people by synthesis gas synthetic liquid fuel, chemical products, or the route of Jing gas turbine power generations.
Gasification technology is referred to as by the technology of coal or heavy oil producing synthesis gas, be coal or heavy oil clean utilization important technology it
One.So far, developed and the gasification technology in research and development is a lot, moving bed (fixed bed) gasification skill can be divided into
Art, fluidized gasification technology, four big class of entrained flow bed gasification technology and molten bath gasifica tion technology.
Fluidized gasification is called ebullated bed gasification, and it is with little particle coal or the burnt granule of band as gasified raw material, under
And under the fluidization of upper gasifying agent, form fluid bed and the reaction generation synthesis gas under uniform temperature and pressure condition, entirely
Bed temperature is uniform, and component is homogeneous.Fluidized gasification technical finesse amount is big, and adaptability to raw material is strong, it is adaptable to various occasions.
Shaanxi marriage between two families coal gasification design library part editor and reuse company limited has applied for many vigour of ash cohesive recirculating fluidized bed fine coal within 2003
Chemical industry process units patent (application number：03262731.9).Gasifying agent (oxygen, water vapour etc.) is from gasification furnace bottom with certain
Speed is entered in gasification furnace, makes coal grain in bed seethe with excitement fluidisation, gas, it is solid it is biphase be sufficiently mixed haptoreaction, make carbon
Oxidation is more complete.Jing after cyclone separator separation, the fine ash coal dust for going out is returned to be carried out in stove the flying dust taken out of from gasification furnace top
Circulation, so as to improve the aggregate efficiency of process.Central canal is provided with gasification furnace and ash cohesive segregation apparatuss is set in gasification furnace bottom,
Localized hyperthermia area is formed in stove internal upper part, lime-ash adhesive aggregation balling-up is made, by lime-ash and coal dust mass discrepancy to lime-ash selectivity
Control is discharged, and reduces the phosphorus content in lime-ash.
Although fluidized gasification technology has been achieved for some progress, but due to fluidized gasification temperature (950 DEG C～1200
DEG C or so) higher, causing to control the plant investments such as valve height, energy consumption is big, can have still without a kind of fluidized bed gasification method at present
Effect solves the above problems.And in actual production, gasification installation is sometimes for combining with other coals or processing of heavy oil device
Operation, carries out fluidized particles spin-exchange-coupled, currently also no corresponding gasification technology meeting this demand.
Chinese patent CN 104277881A disclose a kind of dry cinder discharging fluidized gasification reaction unit device, including anti-
Answer device body, multistage cyclone separation device, air-distribution device and feed, material return system composition, adopt circulating fluid bed reactor for
Gasification reaction body, using high temperature gasification realize dry cinder discharging, using two-part classification gasification, reach raising efficiency of carbon con version and
The purpose of cold gas efficiency, but the patent, using dense-phase bed charging, the addition of low temperature feedstock reduces the temperature of reaction bed.
And due to the restriction of deslagging temperature, also determine that the technology dense-phase bed can not cause whole close phase using higher reaction temperatures
Bed reaction efficiency is low, and most of reaction is forced to be transferred to dilute phase space to be carried out, and causes reactor volume huge, cost of investment mistake
It is high.And, a large amount of high-temperature synthesis gas are discharged from response system, because current engineering technology is difficult with the heat of 1000 DEG C of temperatures above
Can, high-grade energy certainly will be caused to waste using heat energy technology is reclaimed after cooling, energy consumption is larger.In addition, the technology is not mentioned
The flow control valve of recycling catalyst, does not mention the cooling measure of recycling catalyst yet, and not having in engineering can be real
Shi Xing.
The content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is exactly to provide a kind of device that reduces and manufacture to overcome the defect of above-mentioned prior art presence
Cost, reducing energy consumption, can carry out two sections of temperature control fossil combustions of fluidized particles spin-exchange-coupled with other coals or processing of heavy oil device
Material gasification installation.
The purpose of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of two sections of temperature control Fossil fuel gasification installations, including：
First stage reactor, the first stage reactor are followed successively by dilute-phase zone, emulsion zone, stripping zone from top to bottom,
The second stage reactor being connected to above first stage reactor, the second stage reactor are followed successively by dilute-phase zone and close from top to bottom
Phase region,
The emulsion zone Jing passages of second stage reactor are directly connected with the dilute-phase zone of first stage reactor, Jing circulation pipes and temperature-controlled tube
Connect with the emulsion zone of first stage reactor and stripping zone respectively.
Emulsion zone in first stage reactor and second stage reactor is the bed space of inside reactor fluidized particles aggregation.
Superjacent air space of the dilute-phase zone in first stage reactor and second stage reactor for inside reactor fluidized-bed layer surface.
The stripping zone of first stage reactor is stripped to the granule after gasification, displaces the synthesis of particle entrainment with steam
Gas.
Described circulation pipe and temperature-controlled tube are with control valve.
The emulsion zone of described second stage reactor is provided with least one gasified raw material charging aperture.
At least one fluidized particles outlet is provided with below described temperature-controlled tube and first stage reactor stripping zone junction point.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has advantages below：
(1) using two stage gasification reactor：In second stage reactor emulsion zone, low temperature gasification feed particles and first stage reactor
The synthesis gas mixing contact that dilute-phase zone comes, is heated and is carried out partial gasification reaction, closed using first stage reactor to raw material
While into upward adverse flow of QI potential temperature heat energy, syngas outlet temperature is reduced, mitigate the material to subsequent technique and equipment and require.
(2) adopt temperature-controlled tube：Second stage reactor emulsion zone temperature is low, and low-temperature material is transported to one section instead by temperature-controlled tube
Device stripping zone is answered, fluidized particles discharge temperature is reduced, mitigates the requirement of externally row's granule feed-line and valve.Meanwhile, fluidisation
Granule discharge temperature is controllable, still can use as the heating working medium of other techniques, so also being adapted for adding with other coals or oil
Frock puts joint operation, energy efficient.
(3) stripping zone is set：By the stripping zone stripping gasification reaction product that row's granule is carried out, increase synthesis gas
Yield, reduces waste gas discharge, while the working medium for being also beneficial to outer row's granule as other techniques is used.
(4) high temperature fluidized bed gasification reaction：As first stage reactor emulsion zone is added without cold logistics so that less dioxy
Change carbon growing amount and can maintain higher bed temperature.Plus the effect of temperature-controlled tube, first stage reactor is also allowed in engineering
Emulsion zone adopts more than 950 DEG C of reaction temperature.Using high-temperature gasification technology, reaction velocity increases, and reactor volume contracts significantly
It is little, investment reduction cost.And adopt the by-products such as higher gasification temperature, methane to be greatly reduced, reduce subsequent products
The energy consumption of purification.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention.
In figure, 1- first stage reactors, mono- section of dilute-phase zone of 11-, mono- section of emulsion zone of 12-, 13- stripping zones, 2- second stage reactors,
21- two-stage nitration dilute-phase zones, 22- two-stage nitration emulsion zones, 3- circulation pipes, 4- temperature-controlled tubes, 5- gasified raw material charging apertures, 6- fluidized particles are discharged
Mouth, 7- particle flow control valves, A- gasified raw materials, B- gasifying agents, C- stripping vapour, D- crude synthesis gas products, E- high temperature refrigerants.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment
A kind of two sections of temperature control Fossil fuel gasification installations, its structure are as shown in Figure 1.Carried out using the method for fluidized gasification
The gasification of coal or petroleum coke.The device is mainly by groups such as first stage reactor 1, second stage reactor 2, circulation pipe 3, temperature-controlled tubes 4
Part is constituted.Second stage reactor 2 is arranged on the top of first stage reactor 1.2 upper space of second stage reactor is two-stage nitration dilute-phase zone 21,
Lower space is two-stage nitration emulsion zone 22.First stage reactor upper space is one section of dilute-phase zone 11, and lower space is one section of emulsion zone
12.The bottom of one section of emulsion zone 12 is provided with stripping zone 13.One section of dilute-phase zone 11 has passage to communicate with two-stage nitration emulsion zone 22.Circulation pipe
3 are connected between two-stage nitration emulsion zone 22 and one section of emulsion zone 12.Temperature-controlled tube 4 be connected to two-stage nitration emulsion zone 22 and stripping zone 13 it
Between.Gasified raw material charging aperture 5 is provided with above two-stage nitration emulsion zone 22.13 bottom of stripping zone of first stage reactor is provided with fluidized particles row
Outlet 6 and particle flow control valve 7.
During use, gasified raw material A is heated in two-stage nitration emulsion zone 22, after partial gasification, passes through circulation pipe 3 with recycle stock
Gasification reaction is carried out into one section of emulsion zone 12, remaining granule enters stripping zone 13 after gasification, by the low temperature thing of temperature-controlled tube 4
After material cooling, continuation is stripped off downwards the reacting gas for carrying, and is then discharged out first stage reactor 1.Shown in specific as follows：
Gasified raw material A enters two-stage nitration emulsion zone 22 by gasified raw material charging aperture 5, and mixed heat transfer simultaneously carries out gasification reaction.One
The high-temperature synthesis gas of section dilute-phase zone 11 into two-stage nitration dilute-phase zone 21, are separated after two-stage nitration emulsion zone 22 reacts, exchanges heat and lowers the temperature
Fall entrained solid particle, then subsequent technique is sent to as crude synthesis gas product D.The partial gasification of two-stage nitration emulsion zone 22
Grain enters one section of emulsion zone 12, the gasifying agent B (mixture of vapor, oxygen or air) external with device by circulation pipe 3
, there is gasification reaction in mixing contact, generate high-temperature synthesis gas.High-temperature synthesis gas carry a part after one section of dilute-phase zone 11
Granule enters two-stage nitration emulsion zone 22.The solid particle of one section of emulsion zone 12 is downwardly into first stage reactor 1 after gasification reaction
Stripping zone 13, the low-temperature material hybrid cooling attracted from two-stage nitration emulsion zone 22 with temperature-controlled tube 4, then through stripping vapour C vapour
After carrying, a part of material goes to participate in other as high temperature refrigerant E by 6 discharger of fluidized particles outlet, most of material
Technical process.
This unit capacity is big, and adaptability to raw material is strong, and synthesis gas temperature is low, and effluent stream particle temperature is moderate, invests low,
Operation energy consumption is little, can combine processing coal or heavy oil with other process units, with very high economic benefit and environmental benefit.
This technology granule discharge temperature is less than 900 DEG C, greatly reduces engineer applied difficulty.And second stage reactor outlet
Crude synthesis gas temperature is less than 900 DEG C, and 900～1000 DEG C of high temperature energies, CO in synthesis gas are taken full advantage of in second stage reactor
Increase with the concentration of hydrogen, device overall efficiency is improved, the following is the applicable gas of this technology and constitute, and each section of reactor is anti-
The temperature that should and discharge.
Table 1
Claims (7)
1. a kind of two sections of temperature control Fossil fuel gasification installations, it is characterised in that the device includes：
First stage reactor, the first stage reactor are followed successively by dilute-phase zone, emulsion zone, stripping zone from top to bottom,
The second stage reactor being connected to above first stage reactor, the second stage reactor are followed successively by dilute-phase zone and close phase from top to bottom
Area,
The emulsion zone Jing passages of second stage reactor are directly connected with the dilute-phase zone of first stage reactor, and Jing circulation pipes and temperature-controlled tube are distinguished
Connect with the emulsion zone of first stage reactor and stripping zone.
2. a kind of two sections of temperature controls Fossil fuel gasification installation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that first stage reactor and
Emulsion zone in second stage reactor is the bed space of inside reactor fluidized particles aggregation.
3. a kind of two sections of temperature controls Fossil fuel gasification installation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that first stage reactor and
Superjacent air space of the dilute-phase zone in second stage reactor for inside reactor fluidized-bed layer surface.
4. a kind of two sections of temperature controls Fossil fuel gasification installation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that first stage reactor
Stripping zone is stripped to the granule after gasification, displaces the synthesis gas of particle entrainment with steam.
5. a kind of two sections of temperature controls Fossil fuel gasification installation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described circulation pipe
And temperature-controlled tube is with control valve.
6. a kind of two sections of temperature controls Fossil fuel gasification installation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described two-stage nitration is anti-
The emulsion zone of device is answered to be provided with least one gasified raw material charging aperture.
7. a kind of two sections of temperature controls Fossil fuel gasification installation according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described temperature-controlled tube
With at least one fluidized particles outlet is provided with below the junction point of first stage reactor stripping zone.
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Family Cites Families (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH02229887A (en) * | 1989-03-03 | 1990-09-12 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Fluidized bed furnace apparatus having two-stage fluidized bed furnaces |
| US5379705A (en) * | 1992-11-11 | 1995-01-10 | Kawasaki Jukogyo Kabushiki Kaisha | Fluidized-bed incinerator |
| CN101942344B (en) * | 2010-09-20 | 2013-10-30 | 中国科学院山西煤炭化学研究所 | Method and device for gasifying multi-segment staged converted fluidized bed |
| CN102766480B (en) * | 2012-07-13 | 2013-11-06 | 韶关市海粤生物科技发展有限公司 | Device and method for pyrolyzing and gasifying solid organic fuel by two-stage serial fluidized bed |
| CN103242907B (en) * | 2013-05-20 | 2014-09-17 | 上海鑫兴化工科技有限公司 | High-pressure multistage fluidized bed reactor |
| CN104178228B (en) * | 2013-05-23 | 2016-08-17 | 中石化洛阳工程有限公司 | A kind of fluidized bed dry distillation method and apparatus of coal dust |
| CN204714765U (en) * | 2015-06-01 | 2015-10-21 | 上海河图工程股份有限公司 | A kind of two sections of temperature control fossil oil gasification installations |
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