CN105838451A - Method for gasifying pulverized coal step by step in double beds connected in series - Google Patents
Method for gasifying pulverized coal step by step in double beds connected in series Download PDFInfo
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- CN105838451A CN105838451A CN201610261462.8A CN201610261462A CN105838451A CN 105838451 A CN105838451 A CN 105838451A CN 201610261462 A CN201610261462 A CN 201610261462A CN 105838451 A CN105838451 A CN 105838451A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J3/00—Production of combustible gases containing carbon monoxide from solid carbonaceous fuels
- C10J3/72—Other features
- C10J3/721—Multistage gasification, e.g. plural parallel or serial gasification stages
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0913—Carbonaceous raw material
- C10J2300/093—Coal
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10J—PRODUCTION OF PRODUCER GAS, WATER-GAS, SYNTHESIS GAS FROM SOLID CARBONACEOUS MATERIAL, OR MIXTURES CONTAINING THESE GASES; CARBURETTING AIR OR OTHER GASES
- C10J2300/00—Details of gasification processes
- C10J2300/09—Details of the feed, e.g. feeding of spent catalyst, inert gas or halogens
- C10J2300/0953—Gasifying agents
- C10J2300/0959—Oxygen
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for gasifying pulverized coal step by step in double beds connected in series. The method adopts the form of connecting a circulating fluidized bed gasifier with an entrained flow bed gasifier in series. The core of the invention is that secondary gasification is carried out on high temperature dusty gas generated through gasification in a circulating fluidized bed by utilizing oxygen in an entrained flow bed. The method has the beneficial effects that priority is given to circulating fluidized bed gasification; coal gasification is mainly completed in the circulating fluidized bed; the coal type adaptability of a gasification device is expanded and the capacity of a single gasification device is increased by virtue of the advantages of circulating fluidized bed gasification; entrained flow bed gasification is taken as a supplement; and a series of following problems of circulating fluidized bed gasification are solved by virtue of the characteristics that the entrained flow bed gasification reaction temperature is high and raw gas needs to be washed with chilled water: the carbon conversion rate is low, the effective gas content of synthesis gas is low, and the produced raw gas has high fine ash content and contains pyrolysis products.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Coal Gasification field, especially brown coal hydrogasification field, be specially one string
Connection double bed fine coal substep gasification technology.
Background technology
Coal Gasification is the technology having most application prospect in coal resources clean utilization.Air flow bed gas
Change technology and ciculation fluidized bed gasification technology are in new type coal gasification technology most widely used two
The technology of kind.
Entrained flow gasification reaction temperature is high, and efficiency of carbon con version is high, and in gained raw gas, coal pyrolysis is produced
Thing content is few, and raw gas purifying processes convenient, and technology cleannes are high, but coal is wanted by air flow bed
Asking high, coal adaptability is poor.
Recirculating fluidized bed gasification can utilize brown coal, the bituminous coal that calorific value is low, volatile matter content is high,
Have in terms of coal adaptability and have great advantage.But owing to gasifying agent is in recirculating fluidized bed bed
Agitaion is strong, and the raw gas of gasification furnace outlet is even across backflow cyclone separator, still
Carry more fine ash secretly.Although temperature is homogeneous in recirculating fluidized bed bed so that gasification space is big,
Vaporization ability is strong, but in bed, temperature is low (900～1000 DEG C), causes carbon residue in fine ash
Amount up to 30～40%, and containing a certain amount of methane, tar, phenols in the raw gas that gasifies
Etc. coal pyrolysis component, these components are present in outer waste discharge after being enriched with in raw gas purifying system
In water, gas cleaning system long flow path, waste water treatmentntrol difficult, technology cleannes are caused to decline.
This by using double bed series connection, it is provided that one combines air flow bed and recirculating fluidized bed advantage
Novel gasification technology.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of series connection double bed fine coal substep gasification process, this technology is adopted
The gasification mode combined with secondary air flow bed with primary cycle fluidisation bed, Coal Gasification is in series connection
In double bed, substep completes.Based on recirculating fluidized bed gasification, Coal Gasification is mainly in recycle stream
Complete in changing bed.Entrained flow gasification as supplementing, and raw gas high by its reaction temperature need through
Chilled water, gas washing water washing feature, solve recirculating fluidized bed gasification exist efficiency of carbon con version low,
Produced raw gas fine ash content is high, containing series of problems such as thermal decomposition products.
The technical scheme is that the coal gasification that a kind of recirculating fluidized bed is connected with air flow bed
Method, is characterized in that:
Utilize recirculating fluidized bed series air current bed, using recirculating fluidized bed as gasification main body, coal
Gasification reaction mainly completes in recirculating fluidized bed；The raw gas going out circle fluidized-bed gasification furnace is first
Being introduced into backflow cyclone separator, the dust-laden coal gas that backflow cyclone separator top produces is from dust-laden
Gas entry sends into airflow bed gasification furnace.
Circle fluidized-bed gasification furnace is by gasification furnace body, gasification agent inlet, fine coal entrance, cloth wind
Device, backflow cyclone separator composition.Gasification furnace body lays refractory liner, gasifying agent
Entrance is positioned at gasification furnace body lower part, and fine coal entrance is positioned at gasification agent inlet top.Gasifying agent enters
Mouth can arrange 2～20 entrances, is evenly distributed on gasification furnace surrounding.
Airflow bed gasification furnace includes burning zone and Quench section two parts.Burning zone is by gasification furnace stove
Thorax, dust-laden gas entry and oxygen jet composition, gasification furnace burner hearth laying refractory liner,
Oxygen jet is positioned at burning zone top, and burning zone top arranges 2～10 dust-laden gas entries,
It is arranged in pairs at gasification furnace surrounding, angle between dust-laden gas entry axis and gasification furnace burner hearth
It it is 45～90 °.
Quench section by gasification furnace housing, chilled water entrance, chilled water distributor, gas washing water inlet,
Gas washing column plate, airway and raw gas outlet composition.Airway axis and gasification furnace housing
Axis overlaps.Gas washing column plate is positioned at outside airway.During normal operating, chilled water by column plate with
Airway gap flows down, synthesis gas and gas washing water counter current contacting on column plate.
Quench section arranges 2～10 chilled water entrances, and chilled water entrance is evenly arranged in gasification furnace
Housing surrounding.Chilled water distributor makes chilled water flow down from airway outer wall equably.Arrange
2～10 gas washing water inlets, gas washing water inlet is evenly arranged in gasification furnace housing surrounding, gas washing
Water contacts at gas washing column plate superinverse stream with the coal gas of rising, arranges 2～8 blocks of gas washing column plates.
The general gasification flow process using the present invention is as follows:
Fine coal is added by batcher from the fine coal entrance of recirculating fluidized bed bottom, and gasifying agent is from gas
Agent entrance adds, and forms high velocity air district by air-distribution device so that powder bottom gasification furnace
Coal particle is in fluidisation state.Operation temperature 800～1100 DEG C in recirculating fluidized bed, operate pressure
0～5.0MPaG, coal dust in bed space generating gasification reaction, coal gas and carry secretly dust from
Top of gasification furnace flows out, and enters backflow cyclone separator.
The dust-laden coal gas that backflow cyclone separator top produces enters gas by dust-laden gas entry
Fluidized gas producer, the oxygen sprayed into airflow bed gasification furnace top reacts further, reaction temperature
1100～1500 DEG C, reaction pressure 0～5.0MPaG, owing to reaction temperature is high, in fine ash
Carbon residue and the equal deep conversion of thermal decomposition product are CO, H2、CO2、CH4、H2O, various products reach
Thermodynamical equilibrium content under reaction condition.The raw gas and the lime-ash that generate are entered by airway
Entering gas washing water, chilled water is flowed down from airway outer wall equably by chilled water distributor, rises
Raw gas on gas washing column plate with wash gas-water counterflow and contact, go out from the raw gas on top, shock chamber
Mouth flows out.
The present invention is better than being mainly characterized in that: of prior art
(1) use the mode of double bed series connection substep gasification, improve circulating fluidized bed technique
Suitability of Coals.It is possible not only to the kinds of coals for gasification of processing cycle fluid bed, and utilizes air flow bed
Gasification again, the most gasifiable coal needing High Temperature High Pressure gasification environment, such as degree of coalification
High bituminous coal.
(2) compared with recirculating fluidized bed, in coal, non-low temperature gasification product enters air flow bed,
Gasify further in the gasification environment of air flow bed High Temperature High Pressure.Not only increase the carbon of feed coal
Conversion ratio, and by the gasification product under low temperature, such as CH4Etc. low carbonizable substance, convert further
Effective ingredient for synthesis gas.
(3) by pyrolytic conversion and the cleaning function of gas washing water of air flow bed, circulation is reduced
Flying dust in the produced raw gas of fluidized gasification and the content of low temperature pyrogenation product, it is to avoid circulation
Flying dust needed for fluidized system raw gas purifying is collected and oiliness sewage treatment flow process.
(4) owing to using recirculating fluidized bed as main gasification reactor, same conversion journey is reached
The oxygen consumption of degree, coal consumption are respectively less than entrained flow gasification.
(5) air flow bed chilling process, it is to avoid the coal gas cooling needed for recirculating fluidized bed gasification
Flow process, and the liquid to steam ratio in coal gas is improved, it is not necessary to add steam and can participate in conversion instead
Should.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the process chart of a kind of double bed fine coal substep gasification process of connecting of the present invention.
In figure, recirculating fluidized bed (1), gasification furnace body (2), gasification agent inlet (3),
Fine coal entrance (4), air-distribution device (5), backflow cyclone separator (6), air flow bed (7),
Burning zone (8), gasification furnace burner hearth (9), dust-laden gas entry (10), oxygen jet (11)
Quench section (12), gasification furnace housing (13), chilled water entrance (14), chilled water are distributed
Device (15), gas washing column plate (16), airway (17), gas washing water inlet (18), thick
Gas exit (19), gasifying agent blender (20), fine coal charger (21), slag extractor
(22), ash cooler (23).
Detailed description of the invention
As it is shown in figure 1, recirculating fluidized bed (1) is by gasification furnace body (2), gasification agent inlet
(3), fine coal entrance (4), air-distribution device (5), backflow cyclone separator (6) composition.
Gasification furnace body (2) lays refractory liner, and gasification agent inlet (3) is positioned at gasification furnace originally
(2) body bottom, fine coal entrance (4) is positioned at gasification agent inlet (3) top.Gasification furnace is originally
Body (2) lays refractory liner, and gasification agent inlet arranges four entrances altogether, in 90 ° point
Cloth is in gasification furnace surrounding.
Air flow bed (7) gasification furnace includes burning zone (8) and Quench section (12) two parts.Combustion
Burn section by gasification furnace burner hearth (9), dust-laden gas entry (10), oxygen jet (11) group
Becoming, Quench section is by gasification furnace housing (13), chilled water entrance (14), chilled water distributor
(15), gas washing column plate (16), airway (17), gas washing water inlet (18) and rough coal
Gas outlet (19) composition.
Gasification furnace burner hearth lays refractory liner, and oxygen jet (11) is positioned at burning zone top,
Two dust-laden gas entries (10) are set, become 180 ° and be arranged in gasification furnace both sides, dust-laden coal
Between gas entrance (10) axis and gasification furnace burner hearth (9), angle is 90 °.Airway (17)
Axis overlaps with the axis of gasification furnace housing (13).Three pieces of gas washing column plates (16) are set,
The gap that chilled water declines is left between gas washing column plate (16) and airway (17).
Fine coal is added by fine coal charger (21) from the fine coal entrance (4) of recirculating fluidized bed bottom
Entering, steam and oxygen after mixing, are entered by two gasifying agents in gasifying agent blender (20)
Mouth (3) is separately added into, and bottom gasifying agent is formed at a high speed by air-distribution device (5) bottom gasification furnace
Flow area so that pulverized coal particle is in fluidisation state.Operation temperature 900 DEG C in recirculating fluidized bed,
Operation pressure 2.5MPaG, fine coal is generating gasification reaction, coal gas and carrying secretly in bed space
Dust flows out from top of gasification furnace, enters backflow cyclone separator (6).
The dust-laden coal gas that backflow cyclone separator (6) top produces is by dust-laden gas entry (10)
Enter airflow bed gasification furnace, the most anti-with the high pressure oxygen that airflow bed gasification furnace top sprays into
Should, reaction temperature 1300 DEG C, reaction pressure 2.4MPaG, owing to reaction temperature is high, in fine ash
Carbon residue and the equal deep conversion of thermal decomposition product be CO, H2、CO2、CH4、H2O, various products
Reach the thermodynamical equilibrium content under reaction condition.The raw gas and the lime-ash that generate pass through airway
(17) entering gas washing water, chilled water passes through chilled water distributor (15) equably from airway
(17) outer wall flows down, the raw gas of rising gas washing column plate (16) upper with wash gas-water counterflow and connect
Touching, raw gas outlet (19) from top, shock chamber flows out.
The slag that recirculating fluidized bed produces is sent into lag cooler (23) by slag extractor (22) and is cooled down
Rear outer row, slag and the mixture of water that air flow bed produces are delivered to pulp water and are processed.
Process through gasification installation of the present invention:
1. the carbon left in recirculating fluidized bed ash discharge is less than 4%, and in air flow bed deslagging, carbon residue is not
More than 3%, improve single gasification efficiency of carbon con version.
2. going out methane content in gasification furnace raw gas and be down to less than 0.1%, recirculating fluidized bed gasifies
The thermal decomposition product produced has been converted into effective gas.
3., without materials such as tar in gasification furnace pulp water, after only needing gravitational settling, can be used as circulation
Wash water returns gasification unit and carries out reuse, simplifies water treatment and purification flow process, reduces water and processes
The investment of device, adds device spatter property simultaneously.
Claims (9)
1. a series connection double bed fine coal substep gasification process, it is characterised in that utilize recirculating fluidized bed (1) series air current bed (7), mainly complete in recirculating fluidized bed as gasification main body, Coal Gasification reaction using recirculating fluidized bed；The raw gas going out circle fluidized-bed gasification furnace initially enters backflow cyclone separator (6), the dust-laden coal gas that backflow cyclone separator top produces sends into airflow bed gasification furnace (7) from dust-laden gas entry (10), and detailed process is as follows:
Fine coal is added by fine coal charger (21) from the fine coal entrance (4) of recirculating fluidized bed bottom, after steam and oxygen mix in gasifying agent blender (20), it is separately added into by two gasification agent inlets (3), bottom gasifying agent forms high velocity air district by air-distribution device (5) bottom gasification furnace, pulverized coal particle is made to be in fluidisation state, fine coal is generating gasification reaction in bed space, coal gas and carry secretly dust from top of gasification furnace flow out, enter backflow cyclone separator (6)；
The dust-laden coal gas that backflow cyclone separator (6) top produces enters airflow bed gasification furnace by dust-laden gas entry (10), the high pressure oxygen sprayed into airflow bed gasification furnace top reacts further, raw gas and lime-ash that reaction generates enter gas washing water by airway (17), chilled water is flowed down from airway outer wall equably by chilled water distributor (15), the raw gas risen gas washing column plate (16) upper with wash gas-water counterflow and contact, the raw gas from top, shock chamber exports (19) outflow；
The slag that recirculating fluidized bed produces is outer row after being cooled down by slag extractor (22) feeding lag cooler (23), and slag and the mixture of water that air flow bed produces are delivered to pulp water and processed.
2. series connection double bed fine coal substep gasification process as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, circle fluidized-bed gasification furnace is made up of gasification furnace body (2), gasification agent inlet (3), fine coal entrance (4), air-distribution device (5), backflow cyclone separator (6), gasification furnace body (2) lays refractory liner, gasification agent inlet (3) is positioned at gasification furnace body (2) bottom, and fine coal entrance (4) is positioned at gasification agent inlet (3) top.
3. series connection double bed fine coal substep gasification process as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that gasification agent inlet (3) can arrange 2～20 entrances, is evenly distributed on circle fluidized-bed gasification furnace surrounding.
4. series connection double bed fine coal substep gasification process as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, airflow bed gasification furnace includes burning zone (8) and Quench section (12) two parts, burning zone (8) is by gasification furnace burner hearth (9), dust-laden gas entry (10) and oxygen jet (11) composition, gasification furnace burner hearth (9) lays refractory liner, oxygen jet (11) is positioned at burning zone top, and burning zone top arranges dust-laden gas entry (10)；Quench section (12) is by gasification furnace housing (13), chilled water entrance (14), chilled water distributor (15), gas washing column plate (16), airway (17), gas washing water inlet (18) and raw gas outlet (19) composition, airway (17) axis overlaps with the axis of gasification furnace housing (13), gas washing column plate (16) is positioned at airway (17) outward, during normal operating, chilled water is flowed down with airway (17) gap by gas washing column plate (16), synthesis gas and gas washing water are in the upper counter current contacting of gas washing column plate (16), chilled water distributor (15) makes chilled water flow down from airway outer wall equably.
5. series connection double bed fine coal substep gasification process as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, dust-laden gas entry (10) can arrange 2～10, being arranged in pairs at gasification furnace surrounding, between dust-laden gas entry (10) axis and gasification furnace burner hearth (9), angle is 45～90 °.
6. series connection double bed fine coal substep gasification process as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, Quench section (12) arranges 2～10 chilled water entrances (14), and chilled water entrance (14) is evenly arranged in gasification furnace housing (13) surrounding.
7. series connection double bed fine coal substep gasification process as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, gas washing water inlet (18) can arrange 2～10, gas washing water inlet (18) is evenly arranged in gasification furnace housing (13) surrounding, gas washing water and the coal gas of rising, in the upper counter current contacting of gas washing column plate (16), arrange 2～8 pieces of gas washing column plates (16).
8. series connection double bed fine coal substep gasification process as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that recirculating fluidized bed interior operation temperature 800～1100 DEG C, operates pressure 0～5.0MPaG.
9. series connection double bed fine coal substep gasification process as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that airflow bed gasification furnace interior reaction temperature 1100～1500 DEG C, reaction pressure 0～5.0MPaG.
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| CN201610261462.8A CN105838451A (en) | 2016-04-26 | 2016-04-26 | Method for gasifying pulverized coal step by step in double beds connected in series |
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Cited By (8)
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| CN106635179A (en) * | 2017-01-23 | 2017-05-10 | 江苏华威机械制造有限公司 | Circulating fluidized bed and pyrolysis bed combined gasification process and device |
| CN107118809A (en) * | 2017-06-27 | 2017-09-01 | 安徽科达洁能股份有限公司 | A kind of air flow bed combines cycle gasification system and its two-part gasification process with recirculating fluidized bed |
| CN107880940A (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2018-04-06 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Pre-heated gasification process and device |
| CN107916140A (en) * | 2016-10-10 | 2018-04-17 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Recirculating fluidized bed air flow bed combined vaporizing method and device |
| CN111019711A (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2020-04-17 | 武汉科技大学 | Thermal cracking gasification process for household garbage |
| CN114907883A (en) * | 2021-02-07 | 2022-08-16 | 西安航天源动力工程有限公司 | Solid waste treatment method and system |
| CN114907881A (en) * | 2021-02-07 | 2022-08-16 | 西安航天源动力工程有限公司 | Environment-friendly coal gasification conversion method and system and coal gasification synthetic ammonia system |
| CN114907882A (en) * | 2021-02-07 | 2022-08-16 | 西安航天源动力工程有限公司 | Coal gasification conversion system and method and coal gasification synthetic ammonia system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107880940A (en) * | 2016-09-30 | 2018-04-06 | 中国科学院工程热物理研究所 | Pre-heated gasification process and device |
| CN107916140A (en) * | 2016-10-10 | 2018-04-17 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Recirculating fluidized bed air flow bed combined vaporizing method and device |
| CN107916140B (en) * | 2016-10-10 | 2020-07-07 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Circulating fluidized bed-entrained flow combined gasification method and device |
| CN106635179A (en) * | 2017-01-23 | 2017-05-10 | 江苏华威机械制造有限公司 | Circulating fluidized bed and pyrolysis bed combined gasification process and device |
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| CN107118809A (en) * | 2017-06-27 | 2017-09-01 | 安徽科达洁能股份有限公司 | A kind of air flow bed combines cycle gasification system and its two-part gasification process with recirculating fluidized bed |
| CN107118809B (en) * | 2017-06-27 | 2023-08-11 | 安徽科达洁能股份有限公司 | Entrained flow bed and circulating fluidized bed combined circulating gasification system and two-stage gasification method thereof |
| CN111019711A (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2020-04-17 | 武汉科技大学 | Thermal cracking gasification process for household garbage |
| CN114907883A (en) * | 2021-02-07 | 2022-08-16 | 西安航天源动力工程有限公司 | Solid waste treatment method and system |
| CN114907881A (en) * | 2021-02-07 | 2022-08-16 | 西安航天源动力工程有限公司 | Environment-friendly coal gasification conversion method and system and coal gasification synthetic ammonia system |
| CN114907882A (en) * | 2021-02-07 | 2022-08-16 | 西安航天源动力工程有限公司 | Coal gasification conversion system and method and coal gasification synthetic ammonia system |
| CN114907882B (en) * | 2021-02-07 | 2023-12-15 | 西安航天源动力工程有限公司 | Coal gasification conversion system and method and coal gasification ammonia synthesis system |
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Application publication date: 20160810 |