CN104858224A - Method for restoring heavy metal in soil by utilizing activating agent - Google Patents
Method for restoring heavy metal in soil by utilizing activating agent Download PDFInfo
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- CN104858224A CN104858224A CN201510279348.3A CN201510279348A CN104858224A CN 104858224 A CN104858224 A CN 104858224A CN 201510279348 A CN201510279348 A CN 201510279348A CN 104858224 A CN104858224 A CN 104858224A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for restoring heavy metal in soil by utilizing an activating agent and belongs to the field of soil restoration. According to the method provided by the invention, wood vinegar prepared from rice straws and/or rape straws is selected to be applied to the growth process of rape or shrub willow, so that cadmium can be safely and effectively removed from cadmium-contaminated soil, and requirements on environmental protection are met.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to soil remediation field, be specifically related to a kind of method utilizing heavy metal in activator rehabilitating soil.
Background technology
Soil is the most important material conditions that the mankind depend on for existence, is also the core dielectric of environment; The quality of soil environment directly affects agricultural product security and eco-environmental quality, thus affects the health of human body.Reduce the concentration of pollutant in soil, the harm of soil pollutant to environment, human body or other biological chain can be reduced.Heavy metal pollution of soil phytoremediation technology, because having non-secondary pollution, the advantage such as with low cost, is the rehabilitating soil large area heavy metal pollution " green recovery technique " of generally applying in the world.In phytoremediation technology, for ensureing repairing effect, need to add activator.The reagent of the many interpolations of current researcher is the such as material such as surfactant, chelating agent, but adds the new problem that these materials bring again while consuming the huge energy.One is the environmental problem in production process, and two is because these materials are exogenous chemical materials, is difficult to natural degradation, can causes the problems such as disadvantageous subsequent affect such as hardens, soil degradation to farmland after entering farmland.Therefore development environment is friendly, and the activator being easy to natural degradation is the core of phytoremediation technology.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of method utilizing heavy metal in activator rehabilitating soil for above-mentioned technical problem.
Object of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
Utilize a method for heavy metal in activator rehabilitating soil, the method is sown into rapeseed in the soil of cadmium pollution, makes rape normal growth, or in the soil of cadmium pollution, transplant Brassica campestris L seedling and make Brassica campestris L seedling normal growth; When rape grows to and buddings bolting, in the soil of cadmium pollution, apply activator pyrolkigneous liquid, gather in the crops after rape continued growth to full ripe stage, namely obtain except cadmium soil; Wherein, the applied amount of pyrolkigneous liquid is 1 ~ 20kg/ mu.
Concentration 0.3 ~ the 1.2mg/kg of the Cadmium in Soil of cadmium pollution of the present invention.
In preceding solution, the stand density of described rape is every mu of sowing 0.3 ~ 1 jin of rapeseed; The stand density of preferred rape is every mu of sowing 0.4 ~ 0.6 jin of rapeseed.
Rice straw and/or rape stalk are limit oxygen cracking 4h ~ 8h by the preparation method of described pyrolkigneous liquid in 300 DEG C ~ 600 DEG C temperature ranges, are separated afterwards and obtain pyrolkigneous liquid; The applied amount of preferred pyrolkigneous liquid is 3 ~ 8kg/ mu.
Pyrolkigneous liquid of the present invention needs to be diluted with water before use, pyrolkigneous liquid: the mass ratio of water is 1:50 ~ 100.
The growth cycle of rapeseed of the present invention is start sowing about the October of First Year, gathers in the crops about the May of Second Year.
Present invention also offers the method for heavy metal in another kind of rehabilitating soil, the method is specific as follows:
Utilize a method for heavy metal in activator rehabilitating soil, it is characterized in that: the method in the soil of cadmium pollution, is transplanted shrub Liu Miao and makes shrub willow normal growth; Treat to apply activator pyrolkigneous liquid in the soil of shrub willow growth backward cadmium pollution in 40 ~ 60 days, again apply activator pyrolkigneous liquid after 1 year, remove after the continued growth of shrub willow was by 2 years, namely obtain except cadmium soil; Wherein, the applied amount of each pyrolkigneous liquid is 1 ~ 20kg/ mu.
Rice straw and/or rape stalk are limit oxygen cracking 4h ~ 8h by the preparation method of described pyrolkigneous liquid in 300 DEG C ~ 600 DEG C temperature ranges, are separated afterwards and obtain pyrolkigneous liquid; The applied amount of preferred pyrolkigneous liquid is 3 ~ 8kg/ mu.
Pyrolkigneous liquid of the present invention needs to be diluted with water before use, pyrolkigneous liquid: the mass ratio of water is 1:50 ~ 100.
Concentration 0.3 ~ the 1.2mg/kg of the Cadmium in Soil of described cadmium pollution.
In technique scheme, the stand density of described shrub willow is every mu of plantation about 3000 ~ 6000, preferably plants 3500 ~ 5000.
In technical solution of the present invention, the plantation time of shrub willow is annual March.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
The invention provides the pyrolkigneous liquid by selecting rice straw and/or rape straw to prepare, applying in the growth course of rape or shrub willow, safe and effective cadmium in cadmium pollution soil can being removed, meet the demand of environmental protection.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto:
The concrete preparation method of pyrolkigneous liquid for limit oxygen cracking 4h ~ 8h by rice straw and/or rape stalk in 300 DEG C ~ 600 DEG C temperature ranges, the indirect condenser of admixture of gas through being equipped with cooling water produced is condensed to less than 50 DEG C and collects product liquid and rough pyrolkigneous liquid simultaneously, namely purify to product afterwards obtains this patent pyrolkigneous liquid used.
The present embodiment contaminated soil used is selected from rural area, Jiangsu, and the time is 2012, and the soil in this rural area is the soil of cadmium pollution, and adopt the graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry of GB/T 17141-1997 to measure, the cadmium concentration in this soil is 0.6mg/kg.
Embodiment 1
Rice straw is adopted to prepare pyrolkigneous liquid.
In the soil of cadmium pollution, 0.4 jin of rapeseed is dialled in the October of 2012, make rape normal growth, when rape grows to and buddings bolting, in the soil of cadmium pollution, apply activator pyrolkigneous liquid solution (3kg pyrolkigneous liquid+150kg water)/mu, gather in the crops after rape continued growth to full ripe stage.
By the graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry method of GB/T 17141-1997, the content recording this Cadmium in Soil is 0.24mg/kg.Namely the removal rate of cadmium is 60%
Embodiment 2
Rape stalk is adopted to prepare pyrolkigneous liquid.
In the soil of cadmium pollution, 0.5 jin of rapeseed is dialled in the October of 2012, make rape normal growth, when rape grows to and buddings bolting, in the soil of cadmium pollution, apply activator pyrolkigneous liquid solution (4kg pyrolkigneous liquid+320kg water)/mu, gather in the crops after rape continued growth to full ripe stage.
By the graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry of GB/T 17141-1997, the content recording this Cadmium in Soil is 0.22mg/kg.Namely the removal rate of cadmium is 63.3%
Embodiment 3
Rice straw is adopted to prepare pyrolkigneous liquid.
In the soil of cadmium pollution, 0.6 jin of rapeseed is dialled in the October of 2012, make rape normal growth, when rape grows to and buddings bolting, in the soil of cadmium pollution, apply activator pyrolkigneous liquid solution (8kg pyrolkigneous liquid+800kg water)/mu, gather in the crops after rape continued growth to full ripe stage.
By the graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry of GB/T 17141-1997, the content recording this Cadmium in Soil is 0.23mg/kg.Namely the removal rate of cadmium is 61.7%.
Embodiment 4
Rape stalk is adopted to prepare pyrolkigneous liquid.
In the soil of cadmium pollution, transplant shrub Liu Miao the March of 2012 and make shrub willow normal growth, the stand density of shrub willow is every mu of plantation 3000; Treat to apply activator pyrolkigneous liquid solution (3kg pyrolkigneous liquid+150kg water)/mu in the soil of shrub willow growth backward cadmium pollution in 40 ~ 60 days, again apply activator pyrolkigneous liquid solution (3kg pyrolkigneous liquid+150kg water)/mu after 1 year, remove after the continued growth of shrub willow was by 2 years.
By the graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry of GB/T 17141-1997, the content recording this Cadmium in Soil is 0.23mg/kg.Namely the removal rate of cadmium is 61.7%
Embodiment 5
Rice straw is adopted to prepare pyrolkigneous liquid.
In the soil of cadmium pollution, transplant shrub Liu Miao the March of 2012 and make shrub willow normal growth, the stand density of shrub willow is every mu of plantation 4000; Treat to apply activator pyrolkigneous liquid solution (4kg pyrolkigneous liquid+320kg water)/mu in the soil of shrub willow growth backward cadmium pollution in 40 ~ 60 days, again apply activator pyrolkigneous liquid solution (4kg pyrolkigneous liquid+320kg water)/mu after 1 year, remove after the continued growth of shrub willow was by 2 years.
By the graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry of GB/T 17141-1997, the content recording this Cadmium in Soil is 0.20mg/kg.Namely the removal rate of cadmium is 66.7%
Embodiment 6
Rape stalk is adopted to prepare pyrolkigneous liquid.
In the soil of cadmium pollution, transplant shrub Liu Miao the March of 2012 and make shrub willow normal growth, the stand density of shrub willow is every mu of plantation 5000; Treat to apply activator pyrolkigneous liquid solution (8kg pyrolkigneous liquid+800kg water)/mu in the soil of shrub willow growth backward cadmium pollution in 40 ~ 60 days, again apply activator pyrolkigneous liquid solution (8kg pyrolkigneous liquid+800kg water)/mu after 1 year, remove after the continued growth of shrub willow was by 2 years.
By the graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry of GB/T 17141-1997, the content recording this Cadmium in Soil is 0.21mg/kg.Namely the removal rate of cadmium is 65%.
Comparative example 1
Under equal conditions apply the pyrolkigneous liquid prepared with raw materials such as sugarcane top, cassava stalks of Isodose, other conditions are with embodiment 1.
By the graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry of GB/T 17141-1997, the removal rate of cadmium is only 15%.
Comparative example 2
Under equal conditions apply the pyrolkigneous liquid prepared with raw materials such as sugarcane top, cassava stalks of Isodose, other conditions are with embodiment 3.
By the graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry of GB/T 17141-1997, the removal rate of cadmium is only 22%.
Claims (10)
1. utilize a method for heavy metal in activator rehabilitating soil, it is characterized in that: the method is sown into rapeseed in the soil of cadmium pollution, makes rape normal growth, or in the soil of cadmium pollution, transplant Brassica campestris L seedling and make Brassica campestris L seedling normal growth; When rape grows to and buddings bolting, in the soil of cadmium pollution, apply activator pyrolkigneous liquid, gather in the crops after rape continued growth to full ripe stage, namely obtain except cadmium soil; Wherein, the applied amount of pyrolkigneous liquid is 1 ~ 20kg/ mu.
2. the method utilizing heavy metal in activator rehabilitating soil according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the concentration of the Cadmium in Soil of cadmium pollution is 0.3 ~ 1.2mg/kg.
3. the method utilizing heavy metal in activator rehabilitating soil according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: rice straw and/or rape stalk are limit oxygen cracking 4h ~ 8h by the preparation method of pyrolkigneous liquid in 300 DEG C ~ 600 DEG C temperature ranges, be separated afterwards and obtain pyrolkigneous liquid; The applied amount of preferred pyrolkigneous liquid is 3 ~ 8kg/ mu.
4. the method utilizing heavy metal in activator rehabilitating soil according to claim 1 or 3, is characterized in that: pyrolkigneous liquid needs to be diluted with water before use, pyrolkigneous liquid: the mass ratio of water is 1:50 ~ 100.
5. the method utilizing heavy metal in activator rehabilitating soil according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the stand density of rape is every mu of sowing 0.3 ~ 1 jin of rapeseed; The stand density of preferred rape is every mu of sowing 0.4 ~ 0.6 jin of rapeseed.
6. utilize a method for heavy metal in activator rehabilitating soil, it is characterized in that: the method in the soil of cadmium pollution, is transplanted shrub Liu Miao and makes shrub willow normal growth; Treat to apply activator pyrolkigneous liquid in the soil of shrub willow growth backward cadmium pollution in 40 ~ 60 days, again apply activator pyrolkigneous liquid after 1 year, remove after the continued growth of shrub willow was by 2 years, namely obtain except cadmium soil; Wherein, the applied amount of each pyrolkigneous liquid is 1 ~ 20kg/ mu.
7. the method utilizing heavy metal in activator rehabilitating soil according to claim 6, is characterized in that: the concentration 0.3 ~ 1.2mg/kg of the Cadmium in Soil of cadmium pollution.
8. the method utilizing heavy metal in activator rehabilitating soil according to claim 6, it is characterized in that: rice straw and/or rape stalk are limit oxygen cracking 4h ~ 8h by the preparation method of pyrolkigneous liquid in 300 DEG C ~ 600 DEG C temperature ranges, be separated afterwards and obtain pyrolkigneous liquid; The applied amount of preferred pyrolkigneous liquid is 3 ~ 8kg/ mu.
9. the method utilizing heavy metal in activator rehabilitating soil according to claim 6 or 8, is characterized in that: pyrolkigneous liquid needs to be diluted with water before use, pyrolkigneous liquid: the mass ratio of water is 1:50 ~ 100.
10. the method utilizing heavy metal in activator rehabilitating soil according to claim 6, is characterized in that: the stand density of shrub willow is every mu of plantation about 3000 ~ 6000, preferably plants 3500 ~ 5000.
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105921502A (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2016-09-07 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | Method for utilizing cold-resistant winter rape variety for repairing cadmium and lead polluted farmland in winter |
| CN106914487A (en) * | 2017-04-01 | 2017-07-04 | 江苏省环境科学研究院 | A kind of method that utilization shrub willow repairs copper polluted soil |
| CN106995704A (en) * | 2017-05-05 | 2017-08-01 | 千人计划土壤治理研究院（唐山）有限公司 | A kind of renovation agent, its preparation method and the method with its restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal |
| CN110653255A (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2020-01-07 | 上海大学 | Method for restoring cadmium-zinc polluted soil |
| CN110959630A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-04-07 | 华中农业大学 | Method for regulating growth and development of rape and improving resistance by using poplar wood vinegar |
| CN115007631A (en) * | 2022-04-18 | 2022-09-06 | 河南农业大学 | Method for restoring soil polluted by heavy metal cadmium by combining ryegrass and wood vinegar |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105921502A (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2016-09-07 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | Method for utilizing cold-resistant winter rape variety for repairing cadmium and lead polluted farmland in winter |
| CN105921502B (en) * | 2016-05-20 | 2019-04-12 | 中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所 | A method of cadmium lead contamination farmland is repaired using cold-resistant winter rape variety winter |
| CN106914487A (en) * | 2017-04-01 | 2017-07-04 | 江苏省环境科学研究院 | A kind of method that utilization shrub willow repairs copper polluted soil |
| CN106995704A (en) * | 2017-05-05 | 2017-08-01 | 千人计划土壤治理研究院（唐山）有限公司 | A kind of renovation agent, its preparation method and the method with its restoration of soil polluted by heavy metal |
| CN110653255A (en) * | 2019-11-07 | 2020-01-07 | 上海大学 | Method for restoring cadmium-zinc polluted soil |
| CN110959630A (en) * | 2019-12-05 | 2020-04-07 | 华中农业大学 | Method for regulating growth and development of rape and improving resistance by using poplar wood vinegar |
| CN115007631A (en) * | 2022-04-18 | 2022-09-06 | 河南农业大学 | Method for restoring soil polluted by heavy metal cadmium by combining ryegrass and wood vinegar |
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