CN104852570A - Power charge pump and power management circuit with power charge pump - Google Patents
Power charge pump and power management circuit with power charge pump Download PDFInfo
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- CN104852570A CN104852570A CN201510237632.4A CN201510237632A CN104852570A CN 104852570 A CN104852570 A CN 104852570A CN 201510237632 A CN201510237632 A CN 201510237632A CN 104852570 A CN104852570 A CN 104852570A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
- H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
- H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
- H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
- H02M3/06—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using resistors or capacitors, e.g. potential divider
- H02M3/07—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using resistors or capacitors, e.g. potential divider using capacitors charged and discharged alternately by semiconductor devices with control electrode, e.g. charge pumps
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Abstract
The present invention provides a power charge pump and a power management circuit with the power charge pump. The power charge pump comprises a first voltage source, a second voltage source, a voltage conversion module, an output module and a drive module. The voltage conversion module comprises a capacitor C1, a first switch, a second switch, a third switch and a fourth switch. The negative pole of the first voltage source and the negative pole of the second voltage source are connected to a ground node. The first switch and the third switch are connected in series between the positive pole of the first voltage source and the positive pole of the second voltage source. The second switch and the fourth switch are connected in series between the ground node and a voltage output end. One end of the capacitor C1 is connected to the connection node between the first switch and the third switch. The other end of the capacitor C1 is connected to the connection node between the second switch and the fourth switch. The drive module outputs a drive signal to control the on and off of each switch. According to the power charge pump and the power management circuit, more possible magnifications can be generated by few flying-capacitors.
Description
[ technical field ] A method for producing a semiconductor device
The present invention relates to the field of voltage conversion technologies, and in particular, to a power charge pump and a power management circuit using the same.
[ background of the invention ]
Two classical circuits are called Charge pumps (Charge pumps), one is applied to a phase-locked loop circuit, is connected to the rear stage of a phase frequency detector, and generates stable voltage by charging and discharging a capacitor so as to be used for controlling the frequency of a voltage-controlled oscillator; the other is a power output circuit which can provide larger output current by switching a capacitor for voltage conversion. The charge pump circuit of the present invention is a sub-class of the latter, which is referred to herein for the sake of distinction as a power charge pump. In the prior art, a power charge pump generally uses an input voltage, which can generate an output voltage higher than the input voltage, and also can generate an output voltage lower than the input voltage, and in addition, the efficiency of the power charge pump is higher than that of a linear voltage regulator.
The charge pump circuit based on the switched capacitor is widely applied to a voltage conversion circuit, and can achieve high voltage conversion efficiency. Compared with an inductance-based direct current-direct current converter, the power charge pump does not need an inductance with a large size, is more suitable for application with a small space such as a PCB circuit and the like, and has low cost. For an ideal switch, the energy loss of the power charge pump can be neglected, in which case the efficiency of the power charge pump circuit can be considered to be 100%. However, when the conventional power charge pump circuit can only convert voltage with some fixed multiplying power, the ideal power is 100%, and such fixed multiplying power is limited, for example, in the prior art, only two Flying capacitors (Flying capacitors) are used for the same input voltage source, and the multiplying power of VO/VIN (where VO is the output voltage and VIN is the input voltage) discussed in the literature is: 3 times, 2 times, 3/2 times, 4/3 times, 1 time, 2/3 times, 1/2 times, 1/3 times; for applications that only use one flying capacitor, the VO/VIN multiplying power existing in the prior art is: 2 times, 1 time, 1/2 times. By increasing the number of flying capacitors, more possible multiplying factors can be generated, and the more possible multiplying factors are favorable for optimizing the actual working efficiency of the power charge pump, for example, the input voltage is 3.3V, the target value of the output voltage is 1.7V, for the case of only one flying capacitor, only a 1-time mode can be adopted to generate 3.3V voltage, then the voltage is reduced to 1.7V by a linear voltage regulating technology (the voltage can be only reduced by the linear voltage regulating technology), and the efficiency in an ideal case is 1.7V/3.3V-51.5%; for the case of using two flying capacitors, it is possible to use 2/3 times mode, generate 2.2V, and then reduce the voltage to 1.7V by the linear voltage regulation technique, and ideally, the efficiency is 1.7V/2.2V — 77.3%, which improves the working efficiency. When the input voltage VIN varies within a certain range (for example, when the battery is powered, the input voltage may vary continuously as the battery is discharged or charged), the higher rate mode helps to optimize the operating efficiency at different input voltages. Although increasing the number of flying capacitors can produce more possible multiplying factors, which is beneficial for optimizing the actual operating efficiency of the power charge pump, the cost increases.
Therefore, there is a need to provide an improved solution to overcome the above problems.
[ summary of the invention ]
The invention aims to provide a power charge pump and a power management circuit using the same, which can generate more possible multiplying power conversion voltages by using less flying capacitors, thereby optimizing the actual working efficiency of the power charge pump.
In order to solve the above problem, according to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a power charge pump including a first voltage source, a second voltage source, a voltage conversion module, an output module, and a driving module. The voltage conversion module comprises a capacitor C1, a first switch, a second switch, a third switch and a fourth switch, wherein the negative electrode of the first voltage source and the negative electrode of the second voltage source are connected with a ground node; the first switch and the third switch are sequentially connected in series between the anode of the first voltage source and the anode of the second voltage source; the second switch and the fourth switch are sequentially connected in series between the ground node and the voltage output end; one end of the capacitor C1 is connected with a connection node between the first switch and the third switch, and the other end of the capacitor C1 is connected with a connection node between the second switch and the fourth switch; the output module comprises an output capacitor connected between the voltage output end and a ground node; the driving module outputs driving signals to control the on or off of each switch, wherein when the first switch and the second switch are controlled to be on, the third switch and the fourth switch are controlled to be off; and when the third switch and the fourth switch are controlled to be switched on, the first switch and the second switch are controlled to be switched off.
Further, the driving signal output by the driving module includes a first driving signal and a second driving signal, wherein the first driving signal is connected to the control ends of the first switch and the second switch to control the on or off of the first switch and the second switch; the second driving signal is connected with the control ends of the third switch and the fourth switch to control the third switch and the fourth switch to be switched on or switched off.
Further, the four switches are MOS transistors, and the first driving signal and the second driving signal are clock signals.
Further, a certain dead time exists between the first driving signal and the second driving signal to prevent the four switches from being turned on simultaneously.
Further, when the driving signal is at a high level, the corresponding switch is turned on, and when the driving signal is at a low level, the corresponding switch is turned off, and when the first driving signal is at a high level, the second driving signal is at a low level, which satisfies the following relationship:
V1＝VC1 (1)
wherein, V1 is the voltage value of the first voltage source, and VC1 is the voltage value at the two ends of the capacitor C1;
when the second driving signal is at a high level, the first driving signal is at a low level, and the following relationship is satisfied:
VO＝V2-VC1 (2)
wherein VO is a voltage value of the voltage output terminal, V2 is a voltage value of the second voltage source, and VC1 is a voltage value at two ends of the capacitor C1; the joint equations (1) and (2) are solved: VO-V2-V1.
Further, the capacitor C1 is a flying capacitor.
According to another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a power management circuit comprising: a battery cell; a voltage regulating circuit which obtains a predetermined voltage based on the voltage supplied from the voltage unit; a power charge pump.
The battery unit is used as a first voltage source in the power charge pump, and the voltage regulating circuit is used as a second voltage source in the power charge pump; or, the battery unit is used as a second voltage source in the power charge pump, and the voltage regulating circuit is used as a first voltage source in the power charge pump. The power charge pump comprises a first voltage source, a second voltage source, a voltage conversion module, an output module and a driving module. The voltage conversion module comprises a capacitor C1, a first switch, a second switch, a third switch and a fourth switch, wherein the negative electrode of the first voltage source and the negative electrode of the second voltage source are connected with a ground node; the first switch and the third switch are sequentially connected in series between the anode of the first voltage source and the anode of the second voltage source; the second switch and the fourth switch are sequentially connected in series between the ground node and the voltage output end; one end of the capacitor C1 is connected with a connection node between the first switch and the third switch, and the other end of the capacitor C1 is connected with a connection node between the second switch and the fourth switch; the output module comprises an output capacitor connected between the voltage output end and a ground node; the driving module outputs driving signals to control the on or off of each switch, wherein when the first switch and the second switch are controlled to be on, the third switch and the fourth switch are controlled to be off; and when the third switch and the fourth switch are controlled to be switched on, the first switch and the second switch are controlled to be switched off.
Compared with the prior art, the power charge pump provided by the invention is additionally provided with the voltage input end, and can generate more other multiplying powers by using more other voltages except the battery unit in the power management circuit, so that more possible multiplying power conversion voltages can be generated by using less flying capacitors, and the actual working efficiency of the power charge pump is optimized.
[ description of the drawings ]
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without inventive exercise. Wherein:
FIG. 1 is a circuit schematic of a power charge pump in one embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is an equivalent circuit diagram of the power charge pump of FIG. 1 operating in a first phase;
fig. 3 is an equivalent circuit diagram of the power charge pump of fig. 1 operating in the second phase.
[ detailed description ] embodiments
In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, embodiments accompanied with figures are described in further detail below.
Reference herein to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic may be included in at least one implementation of the invention. The appearances of the phrase "in one embodiment" in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments. Unless otherwise specified, the terms connected, and connected as used herein mean electrically connected, directly or indirectly.
Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of a power charge pump according to an embodiment of the invention. The power charge pump includes a first voltage source (or first voltage) V1, a second voltage source (or second voltage) V2, a voltage conversion module 110, an output module 120, and a driving module 130.
The voltage conversion module 110 includes a capacitor C1, a first switch S1, a second switch S2, a third switch S3, and a fourth switch S4. Wherein the negative pole of the first voltage source V1 and the negative pole of the second voltage source V2 are connected to the ground node GND; the first switch S1 and the third switch S3 are sequentially connected in series between the anode of the first voltage source V1 and the anode of the second voltage source V2; the second switch S2 and the fourth switch S4 are sequentially connected in series between the ground node GND and the voltage output terminal VO; one end of the capacitor C1 is connected to a connection node between the first switch S1 and the third switch S3, and the other end of the capacitor C1 is connected to a connection node between the second switch S2 and the fourth switch S4. In a preferred embodiment, the capacitor C1 may be a flying capacitor (or flying capacitor), and the flying capacitor is a ceramic capacitor.
The output module 120 includes an output capacitor Co connected between the voltage output terminal VO and the ground node GND.
The driving module 130 outputs a driving signal to control the switches S1-S4 to be turned on or off, wherein the switches S3 and S4 are turned off when the switches S1 and S2 are turned on; when the control switches S3 and S4 are turned on, the control switches S1 and S2 are turned off. In the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the driving signal output by the driving module 130 includes a first driving signal CK1 and a second driving signal CK2, wherein the first driving signal CK1 is connected to the control terminals of the switches S1 and S2 to control the switches S1 and S2 to be turned on or off; the second driving signal CK2 is connected to the control terminals of the switches S3 and S4 to control the switches S3 and S4 to be turned on or off. In a specific embodiment, the switches S1-S4 are MOS (Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor) transistors, the driving signals CK1 and CK2 are clock signals, the first level is a level signal for turning on each switch, for example, the switches S1-S4 are NMOS (N-Channel Metal Oxide Semiconductor) transistors, the driving signals CK1 and CK2 are inverted clock signals, the driving signal turns on the corresponding switch when the driving signal is at the high level, the driving signal turns off the corresponding switch when the driving signal is at the low level, and the high level (i.e., the first level) time of the driving signals CK1 and CK2 is not overlapped (that is, a certain dead time exists between the first driving signal CK1 and the second driving signal CK 2), so that the switches S1-S4 are prevented from being turned on simultaneously.
To facilitate an understanding of the present invention, the specific operation of the power charge pump of fig. 1 in one embodiment is described below with reference to fig. 2-3.
When the first driving signal CK1 is at a high level, the second driving signal CK2 is at a low level, the driving module 130 controls the switches S1 and S2 to be turned on, and controls the switches S3 and S4 to be turned off, at this time, the power charge pump in fig. 1 operates at the first phase, the equivalent operating circuit diagram is shown in fig. 2, the first voltage source V1 charges the capacitor C1, and the following relationship is satisfied in a steady state:
V1＝VC1 (1)
wherein V1 is the voltage value of the first voltage source V1, and VC1 is the voltage value across the capacitor C1.
When the second driving signal CK2 is at a high level, the first driving signal CK1 is at a low level, the driving module 130 controls the switches S3 and S4 to be turned on, and controls the switches S1 and S2 to be turned off, at this time, the power charge pump in fig. 1 operates in the second phase, and the equivalent operating circuit diagram thereof is shown in fig. 3, and the following relationship is satisfied in a steady state:
VO＝V2-VC1 (2)
where V2 is the voltage of the second voltage source V2, VC1 is the voltage across the capacitor C1, and VO is the voltage at the voltage output terminal VO (which is equal to the voltage across the output capacitor Co).
Since the voltage across the capacitor C1 in the two phases remains constant in the steady state, the joint equations (1) and (2) solve:
VO＝V2-V1。
in summary, the power charge pump in the present invention outputs one output voltage VO based on two power supply voltage conversions, where VO is V2-V1, where V1 is the voltage value of the first voltage source V1, and V2 is the voltage value of the second voltage source V2, so the power charge pump in the present invention can be also referred to as a differential charge pump. It should be noted that when V2 < V1, a negative voltage can be generated by the present invention.
As modern electronic systems are more and more complex in design, Power Management Units (Power Management Units) are required to be used in the electronic systems in addition to the battery cell voltage, for example, the systems such as tablet computers, smart phones, bluetooth headsets, etc. are equipped with Power Management Units (Power Management Units), which generally support multiple voltage outputs. If the power charge pump in the present invention is applied to the power management circuit, it is possible to construct a voltage pattern with more other multiplying power by using the cell voltage and other voltages (i.e., voltages output by the voltage regulation circuit) existing in the power management circuit except the cell voltage, thereby contributing to optimizing the efficiency of the power charge pump.
The application of the power charge pump shown in fig. 1 in the power management circuit of the present invention is specifically described below by an embodiment.
With the battery cell in the power management circuit as the second voltage source V2 of the power charge pump in fig. 1, and the voltage regulating circuit in the power management circuit as the first voltage source V1 of the power charge pump in fig. 1, when the battery cell voltage (which is referred to as the input voltage VIN of the power charge pump) is constant, different non-battery cell voltages (i.e., other voltages output by the voltage regulating circuit based on the battery cell voltage) are adopted as the first power voltage V1, so as to obtain different output voltages VO, and generate more other multiplying powers (multiplying powers equal to VO/VIN), thereby achieving more possible multiplying powers generated by using less flying capacitors, and further facilitating to improve the actual power supply efficiency of the power charge pump. In one embodiment, assuming that an input voltage (or referred to as a cell voltage) VIN of a power charge pump is 3.3V and a target output voltage is 3.4V, if a power charge pump with only one input voltage source and two flying capacitors in the prior art is used, the power supply efficiency of the charge pump adopting an 2/3-fold mode is the best, an output voltage VO of 2.2V can be generated by adopting a 2/3-fold mode, and the power supply efficiency is reduced to 1.7V by a linear voltage regulation technique, so that the power supply efficiency in an ideal case is 1.7V/2.2V — 77.3%; if a power charge pump with only one input voltage source and one flying capacitor in the prior art is used, the charge pump adopts a 1-time mode to achieve the best power supply efficiency, a 1-time mode can generate an output voltage VO of 3.3V, and the output voltage VO is reduced to 1.7V through a linear voltage regulation technology, so that the power supply efficiency under an ideal condition is 1.7V/3.3V-51.5%; if the power charge pump of the present invention is used, the input voltage VIN (3.3V) is used as the second input voltage source V2, and the other voltage of 1.5V output by the voltage regulating circuit is used as the first input voltage source V1, through the above-mentioned working process, the output voltage VO of 3.3V-1.5V ═ 1.8V can be generated, and then converted into 1.7V by the linear voltage regulator, the power supply efficiency in the ideal case is 1.7V/(3.3V-1.5V) ═ 94.4%, and only one flying capacitor is used. Therefore, the invention can realize that more possible multiplying power is generated by using less flying capacitors, thereby being beneficial to improving the actual power supply efficiency of the power charge pump.
It is easy to think that the battery cell in the power management circuit may also be used as the first voltage source V1 of the power charge pump in fig. 1, and the voltage regulating circuit in the power management circuit may be used as the second voltage source V2 of the power charge pump in fig. 1, so that under the condition that the human output voltage VIN of the power charge pump is constant, different non-battery cell voltages are adopted, and more other multiplying powers can be generated.
In summary, the power charge pump of the present invention includes a first voltage source V1, a second voltage source V2, a voltage conversion module 110, an output module 120, and an output driving module 130, and the power charge pump outputs an output voltage VO based on the two voltage sources, where VO is V2-V1, and can generate more other multiplying powers by using more other voltages existing in the power management circuit besides the cell voltages, so as to generate more possible multiplying power conversion voltages by using less flying capacitors, thereby optimizing the actual operating efficiency of the power charge pump.
In the present invention, the terms "connected", connected, "connecting," and "connecting" mean electrically connected, and if not specifically stated, directly or indirectly indicate electrically connected.
It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make modifications to the embodiments of the present invention without departing from the scope of the appended claims. Accordingly, the scope of the appended claims is not to be limited to the specific embodiments described above.
Claims (7)
1. A power charge pump is characterized by comprising a first voltage source, a second voltage source, a voltage conversion module, an output module and a driving module,
the voltage conversion module comprises a capacitor C1, a first switch, a second switch, a third switch and a fourth switch, wherein the negative electrode of the first voltage source and the negative electrode of the second voltage source are connected with a ground node; the first switch and the third switch are sequentially connected in series between the anode of the first voltage source and the anode of the second voltage source; the second switch and the fourth switch are sequentially connected in series between the ground node and the voltage output end; one end of the capacitor C1 is connected with a connection node between the first switch and the third switch, and the other end of the capacitor C1 is connected with a connection node between the second switch and the fourth switch;
the output module comprises an output capacitor connected between the voltage output end and a ground node;
the driving module outputs driving signals to control the on or off of each switch, wherein when the first switch and the second switch are controlled to be on, the third switch and the fourth switch are controlled to be off; and when the third switch and the fourth switch are controlled to be switched on, the first switch and the second switch are controlled to be switched off.
2. Power charge pump according to claim 1,
the driving signals output by the driving module comprise a first driving signal and a second driving signal, wherein the first driving signal is connected with the control ends of the first switch and the second switch so as to control the connection or disconnection of the first switch and the second switch; the second driving signal is connected with the control ends of the third switch and the fourth switch to control the third switch and the fourth switch to be switched on or switched off.
3. Power charge pump according to claim 2,
the four switches are all MOS transistors, and the first driving signal and the second driving signal are clock signals.
4. Power charge pump according to claim 3,
there is a certain dead time between the first drive signal and the second drive signal to avoid that the four switches are turned on simultaneously.
5. Power charge pump according to claim 4,
the corresponding switch is turned on when the driving signal is at high level, and the corresponding switch is turned off when the driving signal is at low level,
when the first driving signal is at a high level, the second driving signal is at a low level, and the following relationship is satisfied:
V1＝VC1 (1)
wherein, V1 is the voltage value of the first voltage source, and VC1 is the voltage value at the two ends of the capacitor C1;
when the second driving signal is at a high level, the first driving signal is at a low level, and the following relationship is satisfied:
VO＝V2-VC1 (2)
wherein VO is a voltage value of the voltage output terminal, V2 is a voltage value of the second voltage source, and VC1 is a voltage value at two ends of the capacitor C1;
the joint equations (1) and (2) are solved:
VO＝V2-V1。
6. power charge pump according to claim 1,
the capacitor C1 is a flying capacitor.
7. A power management circuit, comprising:
a battery cell;
a voltage regulating circuit which obtains a predetermined voltage based on the voltage supplied from the voltage unit;
the power charge pump of claims 1-6,
the battery unit is used as a first voltage source in the power charge pump, and the voltage regulating circuit is used as a second voltage source in the power charge pump; or,
the battery unit is used as a second voltage source in the power charge pump, and the voltage regulating circuit is used as a first voltage source in the power charge pump.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201510237632.4A CN104852570A (en) | 2015-05-11 | 2015-05-11 | Power charge pump and power management circuit with power charge pump |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510237632.4A CN104852570A (en) | 2015-05-11 | 2015-05-11 | Power charge pump and power management circuit with power charge pump |
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| CN104852570A true CN104852570A (en) | 2015-08-19 |
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| CN201510237632.4A Pending CN104852570A (en) | 2015-05-11 | 2015-05-11 | Power charge pump and power management circuit with power charge pump |
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Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102324840A (en) * | 2011-05-13 | 2012-01-18 | 中国科学院上海微系统与信息技术研究所 | Charge pump and working method thereof |
| CN103124137A (en) * | 2013-03-20 | 2013-05-29 | 电子科技大学 | Charge pump circuit |
| CN103532377A (en) * | 2013-10-31 | 2014-01-22 | 无锡中星微电子有限公司 | Charge pump device and power management circuit using same |
| CN103532376A (en) * | 2013-10-28 | 2014-01-22 | 无锡中星微电子有限公司 | Power charge pump |
| CN203590028U (en) * | 2013-10-31 | 2014-05-07 | 无锡中星微电子有限公司 | Charge pump device and power management circuit using same |
| CN204633599U (en) * | 2015-05-11 | 2015-09-09 | 无锡中星微电子有限公司 | Power charge pump and use the electric power management circuit of this power charge pump |
-
2015
- 2015-05-11 CN CN201510237632.4A patent/CN104852570A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102324840A (en) * | 2011-05-13 | 2012-01-18 | 中国科学院上海微系统与信息技术研究所 | Charge pump and working method thereof |
| CN103124137A (en) * | 2013-03-20 | 2013-05-29 | 电子科技大学 | Charge pump circuit |
| CN103532376A (en) * | 2013-10-28 | 2014-01-22 | 无锡中星微电子有限公司 | Power charge pump |
| CN103532377A (en) * | 2013-10-31 | 2014-01-22 | 无锡中星微电子有限公司 | Charge pump device and power management circuit using same |
| CN203590028U (en) * | 2013-10-31 | 2014-05-07 | 无锡中星微电子有限公司 | Charge pump device and power management circuit using same |
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