CN104833569B - Suitable for the excavation relief arrangement of geomechanical model test - Google Patents
Suitable for the excavation relief arrangement of geomechanical model test Download PDFInfo
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- CN104833569B CN104833569B CN201510228942.XA CN201510228942A CN104833569B CN 104833569 B CN104833569 B CN 104833569B CN 201510228942 A CN201510228942 A CN 201510228942A CN 104833569 B CN104833569 B CN 104833569B
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- reduction box
- sliding block
- stepper motor
- excavation
- fixed frame
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of excavation relief arrangement suitable for geomechanical model test, including cut drill, auger stem, propulsion reduction box, the first stepper motor, leading screw, rotational deceleration case, the second stepper motor, sliding block, displacement transducer and linear guides；Reduction box is promoted be connected with the first stepper motor, rotational deceleration case is connected with the second stepper motor, and leading screw one end is connected with rotational deceleration case, and the other end passes through propulsion reduction box to be connected with auger stem, and the auger stem other end is connected cut drill；Linear guides one end is with promoting reduction box to be connected, and the other end is provided with sliding block, and sliding block slides along linear guides, and slider top is fixedly connected with rotational deceleration bottom portion, and sliding block is provided with displacement transducer.The present invention can excavate off-load overall process to the surrounding rock of chamber in model test and carry out dynamic analog, and accurately control excavates chamber cross sectional shape and excavates unloading rate.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to rock mechanics experiment apparatus field, and in particular to a kind of opening suitable for geomechanical model test
Dig relief arrangement.
Background technology
With China's traffic tunnel, water conservancy and hydropower, mine working, energy reserves, national defence and other underground engineering constructions
Deep is gradually come into fast development, the utilization of the underground space, and the engineering geological condition run into is increasingly sophisticated, and what is faced asks
Topic also more has challenge, and various engineering project disasters occur repeatedly, such as rock burst, Large deformation of tunnel wall rock, zonal fracturing, and it is once
Occur, consequence is extremely serious.Research method mainly has three kinds of theoretical research, model test, numerical simulation methods at present.Due to rock
The complexity of soil-structure interactions self-characteristic and preservation geological environment, various engineering project disasters usually contain dynamic rock mechanics, fracture damage
The concepts such as mechanics, involved parameter is more, and theory analysis difficulty is larger；Numerical simulation is widely used to the research of Geotechnical Engineering
And succeed, but it is higher to parameter degree of dependence, and uncertainty be present, it is necessary to on-site measurement or warp in rock-soil material parameter
The inspection of overtesting can just come into force, and make total with the visibly different scientific phenomena of superficial part especially into occurring some behind deep
Value simulation is more difficult.Geomechanical model test is the important means of study of rocks mechanics, and it can be avoided on mathematics and mechanics
Difficulty, can with research model from elasticity to plasticity until final destroy whole process, can image study object directly perceived reality
Change, and some new Mechanics Phenomenons and rule are disclosed, foundation is provided to establish new theoretical model, therefore turn into study of rocks
One of important method of mechanics and engineering problem.
Excavation means off-load to country rock, and it very significantly influences failure and deformation of surrounding rocks process.Therefore geomechanics mould
Type experiment must accurate simulation adit digging unloading process.Simulation of the model test to Underground Engineering Excavation unloading is main
There is two ways：First excavate and reload；First load and excavate afterwards.The former because itself and Practical Project greatly differ from each other, its stress
Change and gradually abandoned by researchers.Stress that latter approach can more reflect in Practical Project process of construction and by
Widely receive.But each scholar takes different modes according to actual conditions and it is studied, to truer close to actual
Project situation.
Russia adjusts steel belt tensioning degree by removable tensioning mechanism, to adjust flexible belt tension simulation of excavation process
Model force-bearing situation, it is not excavated actually, by the calculated results regulation come pressure from surrounding rock situation of change to simulate tunnel
Digging process, but for Geotechnical materials, it is difficult to meet simulation that its discontinuous nonuniformity, which often leads to the calculated results,
It is required that.
Tunnel module is removed by specific steps by Tongji University（Bottom arch module, crown module, two side wall sub-pieces）Realize
Full face tunneling and the simulation to tunnel excavation, tunnel cross-section shape can be extremely accurately controlled, avoid manual excavation
Cause section configuration difference, but the interphase interaction of its tunnel module and model changes the initial stressed situation of model and causes it
It is inconsistent with actual excavation.
Loading device in the analyzing stability of channel of Chongqing Traffic Science Research ＆ Design Inst development, it can be to tunnel by jack module
The controllable loading of road inwall, unloading and testing tunnel inner wall deformation etc., but it is to be enclosed in country rock because producing free face to excavate
Rock interior state is shifted caused by the destruction that deforms, and it fails free face in model caused by forming excavation.
Polytechnics of PLA is excavated using three phase electric machine driving drilling rod mode simulation tunnel, but a rate of advance is high, drilling rod
Unstable and away drill cuttings are big on model shock vibration to influence model force-bearing situation.
Shandong University uses hand excavation's mode of manual Drilling, and the excavation of visual camera system monitoring tunnel is peeped in outfit
Process, while moved towards by the instrument auxiliary positioning such as total powerstation, theodolite roadway excavation, by similarity relation, general underground engineering
Model test, which often walks 4 ~ 10cm of excavation, need to take a hour, and it is difficult control a rate of advance, while its operating personnel is time-consuming takes
Power, automaticity be not high.
Tsing-Hua University is overcome by the way of mechanical arm and miniature stepping TBM development machines and is carried out the hidden of model cavity group
Cover the difficulty of excavation, analogue simulation work progress.It cuts ground-slag and suctioned out by dust catcher, but split room of digging a hole is smaller, depth
Longer situation is difficult to carry out, and loose material is difficult to suction out in cast material.
The content of the invention
, can be to model it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of excavation relief arrangement suitable for geomechanical model test
Surrounding rock of chamber in experiment excavates off-load overall process and carries out dynamic analog, and accurately chamber cross sectional shape is excavated in control and excavation unloads
Lotus speed.
The technical solution for realizing the object of the invention is：A kind of excavation off-load suitable for geomechanical model test fills
Put, including cut drill, auger stem, propulsion reduction box, the first stepper motor, leading screw, rotational deceleration case, the second stepping electricity
Machine, sliding block, displacement transducer and linear guides；Reduction box is promoted to be connected with the first stepper motor, rotational deceleration case and second step
Stepper motor is connected, and leading screw one end is connected with rotational deceleration case, and the other end is connected through propulsion reduction box with auger stem, auger
The bar other end is connected cut drill；With promoting reduction box to be connected, the other end is provided with sliding block for linear guides one end, and sliding block edge is linearly led
Rail is slided, and slider top is fixedly connected with rotational deceleration bottom portion, and sliding block is provided with displacement transducer.
Also include fixed frame, fixed frame is made up of upper bottom surface, bottom surface and N root posts, N >=3, and N root posts are uniform
It is distributed between upper bottom surface and bottom surface, for connecting upper bottom surface and bottom surface；The upper bottom surface of fixed frame is connected in propulsion and subtracted
On fast case, leading screw passes through the upper bottom surface of fixed frame, and fixed frame is used to be connected with geomechanical model test device.
Compared with prior art, its remarkable advantage is the present invention：（1）Auger stem and cutting are driven by stepper motor
Drill bit movement, to simulate true tunnel excavation unloading process, it can be accurately controlled position and speed, have automatic discharge
Function；（2）Overload property is good, easy to control, complete machine structure is simple, precision is high, start-stop is rapid, reversion response is fast, the range of speeds is wide,
Reliability is higher；（3）It can require to excavate in strict accordance with the theory of similarity, can meet that chamber is opened in testing deep subsurface model well
The accurate simulation of off-load is dug, ensure that the accuracy and science of model test digging process.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the excavation relief arrangement for being applied to geomechanical model test of the present invention.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
With reference to Fig. 1, a kind of excavation relief arrangement suitable for geomechanical model test, including cut drill 1, auger
Bar 2, promote reduction box 3, the first stepper motor 4, leading screw 5, rotational deceleration case 6, the second stepper motor 7, sliding block 8, displacement sensing
Device 9 and linear guides 10.
Promote reduction box 3 input be connected with the output end of the first stepper motor 4, the input of rotational deceleration case 6 and
The output end connection of second stepper motor 7, the one end of leading screw 5 are connected with the output end of rotational deceleration case 6, and the other end subtracts through propulsion
The output end of fast case 3 is connected with auger stem 2, and the other end of auger stem 2 is connected cut drill 1.The one end of linear guides 10 is with pushing away
Enter reduction box 3 to be connected, the other end is provided with sliding block 8, and sliding block 8 can slide along linear guides 10, the top of sliding block 8 and rotational deceleration case 6
Bottom is fixedly connected, and sliding block 8 is provided with displacement transducer 9.
Also include fixed frame 11, fixed frame 11 is made up of upper bottom surface, bottom surface and N root posts, N >=3, N root posts
It is evenly distributed between upper bottom surface and bottom surface, for connecting upper bottom surface and bottom surface；The upper bottom surface of fixed frame 11 is connected in
Promote on reduction box 3, leading screw 5 passes through the upper bottom surface of fixed frame 11, and auger stem 2 passes through the center of fixed frame 11, fixed machine
Frame 11 is used to be connected with geomechanical model test device.
Embodiment one
A kind of excavation relief arrangement suitable for geomechanical model test, including cut drill 1, auger stem 2, propulsion
It is reduction box 3, the first stepper motor 4, leading screw 5, rotational deceleration case 6, the second stepper motor 7, sliding block 8, displacement transducer 9, linear
Guide rail 10 and fixed frame 11.
Promote reduction box 3 input be connected with the output end of the first stepper motor 4, the input of rotational deceleration case 6 and
The output end connection of second stepper motor 7, the one end of leading screw 5 are connected with the output end of rotational deceleration case 6, and the other end subtracts through propulsion
The output end of fast case 3 passes through welding with auger stem 2（Also flange connection, bolt connection etc. can be used）, the other end of auger stem 2
Welded with cut drill 1（Also can be connected by screw bolts）.With promoting reduction box 3 to weld, the other end is provided with the one end of linear guides 10
Sliding block 8, sliding block 8 can be slided along linear guides 10, and the top of sliding block 8 is welded with the bottom of rotational deceleration case 6, and the side wall of sliding block 8 is provided with position
Displacement sensor 9, the drilling amount of relief arrangement is excavated for monitoring geomechanical model test in digging process.Fixed frame 11 wraps
The upper bottom surface of circle, circular bottom surface and 4 root posts are included, 4 root post uniform weldings are used between upper bottom surface and bottom surface
Upper bottom surface and bottom surface are connected, the upper bottom surface of fixed frame 11, which is welded on, promotes reduction box 3 close to the side wall of auger stem 2, spiral shell
Rotary drill bar 2 passes through the center of fixed frame 11, and fixed frame 11 is used to be connected with geomechanical model test device.
The stepper motor 7 of rotational deceleration case 6 and second collectively constitutes excavating device rotation execution unit, to control leading screw 5
Rotary speed；Promote the stepper motor 4 of reduction box 3 and first to collectively constitute excavating device and promote execution unit, to control leading screw 5
Fltting speed；Leading screw 5 is fixedly connected with auger stem 2, and leading screw 5 drives auger stem 2 to move together；Cut drill 1 and spiral
Drilling rod 2 is fixedly connected, and for cutting Model and waste residue is raftinged, with simulation tunnel digging process.
The course of work suitable for the excavation relief arrangement of geomechanical model test is：Fixed frame 11 is gone to the bottom first
Face is connected with geomechanical model test device, starts the first stepper motor 4 and the second stepper motor 7, through promoting the He of reduction box 3
Rotational deceleration case 6 slows down, and promotes leading screw 5 to move by predetermined fltting speed and rotary speed, so as to drive auger stem 2 and cut
Cut drill bit 1 to operate, complete the process that simulation tunnel excavates.Excavated and promoted by the monitoring in real time of displacement transducer 9 in digging process
Speed.
The present invention drives auger stem and cut drill to move by stepper motor, to simulate true tunnel excavation off-load
Journey, it can be accurately controlled position and speed, have automatic discharge function.Overload property is good, easy to control, complete machine structure is simple
Single, precision height, start-stop is rapid, reversion response is fast, the range of speeds is wide, reliability is higher.The present invention can be in strict accordance with the theory of similarity
It is required that excavating, the accurate simulation of adit digging off-load in testing deep subsurface model can be met well, ensure that model test
The accuracy and science of digging process.
Claims (2)
- A kind of 1. excavation relief arrangement suitable for geomechanical model test, it is characterised in that：Including cut drill（1）, spiral shell Rotary drill bar（2）, promote reduction box（3）, the first stepper motor（4）, leading screw（5）, rotational deceleration case（6）, the second stepper motor （7）, sliding block（8）, displacement transducer（9）And linear guides（10）；Promote reduction box（3）With the first stepper motor（4）Connection, rotation Turn reduction box（6）With the second stepper motor（7）Connection, leading screw（5）One end and rotational deceleration case（6）Connection, the other end are passed through and pushed away Enter reduction box（3）With auger stem（2）Connection, auger stem（2）The other end is connected cut drill（1）；Linear guides（10）One End is with promoting reduction box（3）It is connected, the other end is provided with sliding block（8）, sliding block（8）Along linear guides（10）Slide, sliding block（8）Top With rotational deceleration case（6）Bottom is fixedly connected, sliding block（8）It is provided with displacement transducer（9）.
- 2. according to claim（1）The described excavation relief arrangement suitable for geomechanical model test, it is characterised in that：Also Including fixed frame（11）, fixed frame（11）It is made up of upper bottom surface, bottom surface and N root posts, N >=3, N root posts uniformly divide Cloth is between upper bottom surface and bottom surface, for connecting upper bottom surface and bottom surface；Fixed frame（11）Upper bottom surface be connected in propulsion Reduction box（3）On, leading screw（5）Through fixed frame（11）Upper bottom surface, fixed frame（11）For being tried with geomechanics model Experiment device connects.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201510228942.XA CN104833569B (en) | 2015-05-07 | 2015-05-07 | Suitable for the excavation relief arrangement of geomechanical model test |
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| CN201510228942.XA CN104833569B (en) | 2015-05-07 | 2015-05-07 | Suitable for the excavation relief arrangement of geomechanical model test |
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| CN104833569A CN104833569A (en) | 2015-08-12 |
| CN104833569B true CN104833569B (en) | 2018-01-23 |
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Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105372409B (en) * | 2015-12-07 | 2017-03-22 | 太原理工大学 | Excavation apparatus for analog simulation test |
| CN106769127B (en) * | 2016-11-15 | 2019-03-19 | 重庆大学 | Three-dimensional loads three-dimensional analog simulation test and excavates system and method |
| CN107702937A (en) * | 2017-11-23 | 2018-02-16 | 中南大学 | Simulate the experimental rig and test method of deep circular tunnel mechanical equivalent of light excavation off-load |
| CN107764658B (en) * | 2017-11-23 | 2023-08-11 | 中南大学 | Test device and method for simulating two-dimensional loading liquid nitrogen cooling roadway excavation unloading |
| CN107764628B (en) * | 2017-11-23 | 2023-06-06 | 中南大学 | Test device and test method for simulating excavation unloading under deep three-dimensional loading condition |
| CN107764657B (en) * | 2017-11-23 | 2024-01-09 | 中南大学 | Test device and method for simulating two-dimensional loading liquid nitrogen cooling mechanical excavation unloading |
| CN111561847B (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2021-03-05 | 山东大学 | Rock wall drilling unmanned aerial vehicle suitable for small-size blasting scene |
| CN114062641A (en) * | 2020-08-10 | 2022-02-18 | 神华神东煤炭集团有限责任公司 | Excavation equipment for analog simulation test |
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| CN201876370U (en) * | 2010-10-21 | 2011-06-22 | 同济大学 | Model testing device convenient for simulating foundation pit excavation support erection |
| CN103487797B (en) * | 2013-09-29 | 2015-08-19 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | The home position testing method of prismatic jointing rock mass cavity engineering country rock relaxation depth |
| CN204152429U (en) * | 2014-09-12 | 2015-02-11 | 成都航发特种车有限公司 | A kind of built-in mobile ground anchor vehicle drilling mechanism |
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Patent Citations (4)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN201087829Y (en) * | 2006-12-27 | 2008-07-16 | 中国计量学院 | Artificial brake process simulation device for vehicle brake system component detection |
| CN203129949U (en) * | 2013-03-22 | 2013-08-14 | 李海广 | Simple spiral drilling machine |
| CN203107886U (en) * | 2013-03-25 | 2013-08-07 | 苏州泽德医疗器械有限公司 | Syringe injection pump |
| CN203759034U (en) * | 2014-03-27 | 2014-08-06 | 北京楚盛科技有限公司 | Plug and play constant-speed propulsion sample injector |
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