CN104832465B - 一种带有限位机构的隔膜式缓冲器 - Google Patents

一种带有限位机构的隔膜式缓冲器 Download PDF

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CN104832465B
CN104832465B CN201510258493.3A CN201510258493A CN104832465B CN 104832465 B CN104832465 B CN 104832465B CN 201510258493 A CN201510258493 A CN 201510258493A CN 104832465 B CN104832465 B CN 104832465B
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limit mechanism
lamina membranacea
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张正明
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Hangzhou Daquan Pumps Technology Co ltd
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B1/00—Installations or systems with accumulators; Supply reservoir or sump assemblies
    • F15B1/02—Installations or systems with accumulators
    • F15B1/04—Accumulators
    • F15B1/08—Accumulators using a gas cushion; Gas charging devices; Indicators or floats therefor
    • F15B1/10—Accumulators using a gas cushion; Gas charging devices; Indicators or floats therefor with flexible separating means
    • F15B1/12—Accumulators using a gas cushion; Gas charging devices; Indicators or floats therefor with flexible separating means attached at their periphery
    • F15B1/14—Accumulators using a gas cushion; Gas charging devices; Indicators or floats therefor with flexible separating means attached at their periphery by means of a rigid annular supporting member
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2201/00—Accumulators
    • F15B2201/30—Accumulator separating means
    • F15B2201/315—Accumulator separating means having flexible separating means
    • F15B2201/3151—Accumulator separating means having flexible separating means the flexible separating means being diaphragms or membranes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2201/00—Accumulators
    • F15B2201/30—Accumulator separating means
    • F15B2201/315—Accumulator separating means having flexible separating means
    • F15B2201/3156—Accumulator separating means having flexible separating means characterised by their attachment
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/16—Mechanical energy storage, e.g. flywheels or pressurised fluids

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Reciprocating Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

本发明公开了一种带有限位机构的隔膜式缓冲器，包括蓄能端、液压端、限位机构和隔膜，所述的限位机构设于蓄能端和液压端之间，所述的限位机构包括上膜板、下膜板和限位器，所述的隔膜设于上膜板和下膜板之间，所述的限位器包括导向套、大卡环、限位芯、小卡环和弹簧，导向套通过大卡环固定在下膜板的中间孔座中，限位芯通过小卡环安装在导向套的内孔中，弹簧套在限位芯上。本发明提供的一种带有限位机构的隔膜式缓冲器适用介质范围广，几乎可适用于各种化工介质，抗压能力强，缓冲效果好，工作安全、可靠，使用寿命长，安装、维修方便。

Description

一种带有限位机构的隔膜式缓冲器
技术领域
本发明属于缓冲器技术领域，具体涉及一种带有限位机构的隔膜式缓冲器。
背景技术
缓冲器也称蓄能器或空气室，它是利用气体的压缩或膨胀来储存或放出一部分液体以达到减小管路中流量不均匀度为目的的辅助设备。
缓冲器按加载方式可分为弹簧式、重锤式和气体式，弹簧式缓冲器因为弹簧伸缩量有限，而且弹簧的伸缩对压力变化不敏感，消振功能差，所以只适合小容量、低压系统（P≦1.0～1.2MPa），使用范围较小；重锤式缓冲器安装局限性大，只能垂直安装，不易密封，质量块惯性大，不灵敏，已经很少采用；目前国内市场上广泛使用的是气体式缓冲器，气体式缓冲器通常分为气液接触式缓冲器和囊式缓冲器两种：气液接触式缓冲器气体与输送液体接触，部分气体会溶解于液体中，有一定量的损耗，使用效果差，通常只能用在低压场合；囊式缓冲器属于预压式缓冲器，加充惰性气体的胶囊将液体隔离，使用效果好，适用于高压场合，但因其胶囊为橡胶材质，不适用于有机溶剂、强酸等腐蚀性液体，使用范围受限。
发明内容
针对现有技术不足，本发明提供了一种适用范围广、工作寿命长、使用效果好的带有限位机构的隔膜式缓冲器。
为实现发明目的，本发明采用以下技术方案：
一种带有限位机构的隔膜式缓冲器，包括蓄能端、液压端、限位机构和隔膜，所述的限位机构设于蓄能端和液压端之间，所述的限位机构包括上膜板、下膜板和限位器，所述的隔膜设于上膜板和下膜板之间，所述的限位器包括导向套、大卡环、限位芯、小卡环和弹簧，导向套通过大卡环固定在下膜板的中间孔座中，大卡环限制导向套的轴向移动，限位芯通过小卡环安装在导向套的内孔中，小卡环限制限位芯往上运动的极限位移，弹簧套在限位芯上，在隔膜往下的推力和弹簧往上的弹力的作用下，限位芯在导向套的孔内轴向移动，限位芯可防止隔膜中间部位挤入下膜板的中间孔内被挤坏。
优选为，所述的蓄能端包括气端壳体、气端法兰、充气阀、充气阀座和气腔，所述的气端壳体下部与气端法兰连接，所述的充气阀通过充气阀座与气端壳体顶部连接，所述的气端壳体与隔膜围成气腔；所述的液压端包括液端壳体、液端法兰、短管、法兰和液腔，所述的液端壳体的上部与液端法兰连接，所述的液端壳体的下部通过短管与法兰连接，所述的液端壳体与隔膜围成液腔。
优选为，所述的上膜板通过外圆定位安装在气端法兰的孔座中，所述的下膜板通过外圆定位安装在液端法兰的孔座中，气端法兰和液端法兰通过紧固件压紧。
优选为，所述的上膜板靠近隔膜一侧的面为一空间曲面，曲面形状和隔膜挠曲变形后的形状相吻合，当隔膜向上挠动到达一定程度后，上膜板的空间曲面将与隔膜贴合，限制住隔膜向上的位移，防止其过度变形；所述的下模板靠近隔膜一侧的面为一中间带孔的空间曲面，曲面形状和隔膜挠曲变形后的形状相吻合，当隔膜向下挠动到达一定程度后，下膜板的空间曲面将与隔膜贴合，带孔部分除外，限制住隔膜向下的位移，防止其过度变形。
优选为，所述的限位芯上端部为倒立的截顶圆锥体，锥体锥面和下膜板的中间孔组成的空间为液体过流的通道，该结构上部接触面积大且质量轻，利于限位。
优选为，所述的气端壳体与气端法兰焊接，所述的气端壳体与充气阀座焊接，所述液端壳体与液端法兰焊接，所述短管分别与液端壳体、法兰焊接，所述的充气阀与充气阀座螺纹连接，焊接牢固，螺纹连接结合牢固并且容易拆卸。
优选为，所述的隔膜采用聚四氟乙烯材料，该材料耐高温、耐腐蚀、不粘附、无毒害。
本发明的带有限位机构的隔膜式缓冲器的工作原理是：
因往复泵工作时，液体介质的吸入和排出过程是交替进行的，而且活塞在位移过程中，其速度又在不断变化之中，泵的瞬时流量、压力不仅随时间而变化，而且是不连续的，故往复泵瞬时流量、压力的脉动性也就不可避免。当泵的瞬时压力大于平均压力时，此时缓冲器之前管路里的液体压力大于气腔气体的压力，一部分液体进入液腔，推动隔膜向上位移，气腔内的气体被压缩，液腔的容积增大，从而储存了一部分液体，使得缓冲器之后管路的流量趋于平均流量，脉动性减小；当泵的瞬时压力小于平均压力时，此时缓冲器之前管路里的液体压力小于气腔气体的压力，气腔气体膨胀，推动隔膜向下位移，从而液腔里的一部分液体又被压到管路当中去，使得缓冲器之后管路的流量趋于平均流量，脉动性减小；限位器的作用则是，当隔膜向下挠曲后，推动限位芯向下运动，同时液体从倒锥体过液通道流出，当限位芯到达极限位置时将抵住隔膜，防止隔膜中间部位挤入下膜板的中间孔内被挤坏。当隔膜向上挠动，限位芯又会在弹簧弹力的作用下恢复到自然位置。
本发明的带有限位机构的隔膜式缓冲器的有益效果是：
1.因其弹性元件采用材质为聚四氟乙烯的隔膜，适用介质范围广，几乎可适用于各种化工介质，抗压能力强，缓冲效果好；
2.限位机构能对隔膜起到保护作用，使隔膜能在合理范围内挠曲变形，故其能在高压工况下使用，并且隔膜使用寿命长；
3.工作安全、可靠，使用效果好，其安装、维修方便。
附图说明
图1是本发明一种带有限位机构的隔膜式缓冲器的剖视图。
图中：1.隔膜；2.上膜板；3.下膜板；4.导向套；5.大卡环；6.限位芯；7.小卡环；8.弹簧；9.气端壳体；10.气端法兰；11.充气阀；12. 充气阀座；13.气腔；14.液端壳体；15.液端法兰；16.短管；17.法兰；18.液腔；19.紧固件；20.中间孔。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图通过具体实施方式对本发明的一种带有限位机构的隔膜式缓冲器作进一步的说明。
如图1所示，一种带有限位机构的隔膜式缓冲器，包括蓄能端、液压端、限位机构和隔膜1，所述的蓄能端包括气端壳体9、气端法兰10、充气阀11、充气阀座12和气腔13，所述的气端壳体9下部与气端法兰10连接，所述的充气阀11通过充气阀座12与气端壳体9顶部连接，所述的气端壳体9与隔膜1围成气腔13；所述的液压端包括液端壳体14、液端法兰15、短管16、法兰17和液腔18，所述的液端壳体14的上部与液端法兰15连接，所述的液端壳体14的下部通过短管16与法兰17连接，所述的液端壳体14与隔膜1围成液腔18；所述的限位机构设于蓄能端和液压端之间；所述的限位机构包括上膜板2、下膜板3和限位器，所述的限位器包括导向套4、大卡环5、限位芯6、小卡环7和弹簧8，所述的隔膜1设于上膜板2和下膜板3之间，所述的导向套4通过大卡环5固定在下膜板3的中间孔20座中，限位芯6通过小卡环7安装在导向套4的内孔中，弹簧8套在限位芯6上；所述的限位芯6上端部为倒立的截顶圆锥体，所述的上膜板靠近隔膜一侧的面为一空间曲面，曲面形状和隔膜挠曲变形后的形状相吻合；所述的下模板靠近隔膜一侧的面为一中间带孔的空间曲面，曲面形状和隔膜挠曲变形后的形状相吻合；所述的气端壳体9与气端法兰10焊接，所述的气端壳体9与充气阀座12焊接，所述液端壳体14与液端法兰15焊接，所述短管16分别与液端壳体14、法兰17焊接，所述的充气阀11与充气阀座12螺纹连接，所述的隔膜1采用聚四氟乙烯材料。
本发明工作时，当往复泵的瞬时压力大于平均压力时，此时缓冲器之前管路里的液体压力大于气腔气体的压力，一部分液体进入液腔18，推动隔膜1向上位移，气腔13内的气体被压缩，液腔18的容积增大，从而储存了一部分液体，使得缓冲器之后管路的流量趋于平均流量，脉动性减小，当隔膜1与上膜板2的空间曲面贴合时，液腔18的容积最大；当往复泵的瞬时压力小于平均压力时，此时缓冲器之前管路里的液体压力小于气腔13气体的压力，气腔13气体膨胀，推动隔膜1向下位移，隔膜1推动限位芯6向下运动，同时液体从倒锥体过液通道流出，从而液腔18里的一部分液体又被压到管路当中去，使得缓冲器之后管路的流量趋于平均流量，脉动性减小，当隔膜1（中间部位除外）与下膜板3的空间曲面贴合时，气腔13的容积最大，当限位芯6到达极限位置时将抵住隔膜1，防止隔膜1中间部位挤入下膜板3的中间孔20内被挤坏，当隔膜1向上挠动时，限位芯6又会在弹簧8弹力的作用下恢复到自然位置。
以上所述仅为本发明的具体实施例，但本发明的结构特征并不局限于此，本发明可以用于类似的产品上，任何本领域的技术人员在本发明的领域内，所作的变化或修饰皆涵盖在本发明的专利范围之中。

Claims (6)

1.一种带有限位机构的隔膜式缓冲器，包括蓄能端、液压端、限位机构和隔膜，其特征在于：所述的限位机构设于蓄能端和液压端之间，所述的限位机构包括上膜板、下膜板和限位器，所述的隔膜设于上膜板和下膜板之间，所述的限位器包括导向套、大卡环、限位芯、小卡环和弹簧，导向套通过大卡环固定在下膜板的中间孔座中，限位芯通过小卡环安装在导向套的内孔中，弹簧套在限位芯上，所述的蓄能端包括气端壳体、气端法兰、充气阀、充气阀座和气腔，所述的气端壳体下部与气端法兰连接，所述的充气阀通过充气阀座与气端壳体顶部连接，所述的气端壳体与隔膜围成气腔；所述的液压端包括液端壳体、液端法兰、短管、法兰和液腔，所述的液端壳体的上部与液端法兰连接，所述的液端壳体的下部通过短管与法兰连接，所述的液端壳体与隔膜围成液腔。
2.如权利要求1所述的带有限位机构的隔膜式缓冲器，其特征在于：所述的上膜板通过外圆定位安装在气端法兰的孔座中，所述的下膜板通过外圆定位安装在液端法兰的孔座中，气端法兰和液端法兰通过紧固件压紧。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的带有限位机构的隔膜式缓冲器，其特征在于：所述的上膜板靠近隔膜一侧的面为一空间曲面，曲面形状和隔膜挠曲变形后的形状相吻合；所述的下膜板靠近隔膜一侧的面为一中间带孔的空间曲面，曲面形状和隔膜挠曲变形后的形状相吻合。
4.如权利要求1或2所述的带有限位机构的隔膜式缓冲器，其特征在于：所述的限位芯上端部为倒立的截顶圆锥体。
5.如权利要求1所述的带有限位机构的隔膜式缓冲器，其特征在于：所述的气端壳体与气端法兰焊接，所述的气端壳体与充气阀座焊接，所述液端壳体与液端法兰焊接，所述短管分别与液端壳体、法兰焊接，所述的充气阀与充气阀座螺纹连接。
6.如权利要求1或2所述的带有限位机构的隔膜式缓冲器，其特征在于：所述的隔膜采用聚四氟乙烯材料。
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