CN104822274A - Tea fermentation method and device for implementing same - Google Patents
Tea fermentation method and device for implementing same Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN104822274A CN104822274A CN201380046690.8A CN201380046690A CN104822274A CN 104822274 A CN104822274 A CN 104822274A CN 201380046690 A CN201380046690 A CN 201380046690A CN 104822274 A CN104822274 A CN 104822274A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- ozone
- hygrotemper
- electrode
- fermentation
- raw material
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Classifications
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23F—COFFEE; TEA; THEIR SUBSTITUTES; MANUFACTURE, PREPARATION, OR INFUSION THEREOF
- A23F3/00—Tea; Tea substitutes; Preparations thereof
- A23F3/06—Treating tea before extraction; Preparations produced thereby
- A23F3/08—Oxidation; Fermentation
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- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Biotechnology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Food Preservation Except Freezing, Refrigeration, And Drying (AREA)
- Preparation Of Compounds By Using Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Measuring Or Testing Involving Enzymes Or Micro-Organisms (AREA)
- Micro-Organisms Or Cultivation Processes Thereof (AREA)
- Tea And Coffee (AREA)
- Apparatus For Disinfection Or Sterilisation (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the food industry, to medicine and to agriculture, and specifically to a tea fermentation process for use in the processing of cultivated and wild plant raw material. The fermentation method includes subjecting the raw material to an ozone-air mixture, having an ozone concentration of 0.03-0.04 ppm (0.06-0.08 mg/m), at a relative humidity of 95-98% and a temperature of 22-24 DEG C for a period of 40-50 minutes under conditions of operational control over the condition of the product. The device for implementing the fermentation method comprises coaxially arranged electrodes connected to a high voltage source and, between said electrodes, a dielectric barrier in the form of a tubular ozonizer, flexible tubing for inputting the ozone-air mixture, and a humidifying temperature controller which provides for the relative humidity and temperature in the fermentation chamber. Subjecting the raw material to the ozone-air mixture results in an increase in fermentation process output and in the qualitative indicators of the final product.
Description
The present invention relates to food, medicine and agriculture, particularly, relate to the fermentation of tea processing and plant material (tea).
The fermentation process of tea is known at tea industry, and the method is that raw material being placed on stacks as high is no more than in the case of 900 × 650 × 110mm of 50cm; The temperature of 22 DEG C to 24 DEG C, 95% to 98% humidity under spontaneous fermentation 3 little of 4 hours, fresh air is entered in room and visual examination attenuation degree (Khocholava I.A.Technology of tea.M., Pishchepromizdat, 1977,173-176 page).
The shortcoming of the method is the process causing due to the low oxidation activity of environment (air) relatively growing, which reduce continuous production (ч т o з а т р у д н я e т т e х н o л o г и ч e с к и н e п р e р ы в н ы й ц и к л п р o и з в o д с т в а), and the germ contamination of fermentation raw material causes the relatively low Q factor of final products.
One method (patent EP2000/00837, A23F 3/08.A process for preparingtea and device for its implementation/Gudsoll Christopher WilliamHodges Rosalind Claire Jones Timothy Graham, Jonathan DavidMawson, Stabler Peter Joseph (GB); The application 98301064.6 that applicant Uniliver (NL) submitted to March 6 nineteen ninety-five; Publication date on August 19th, 1999; A12001.02.26) be that the untreated tealeaves being heated to 38 DEG C to 100 DEG C (preferably 50 DEG C to 60 DEG C) is exposed 0.5 minute to 10 minutes (preferably 1 minute to 3 minutes) and fermented by tea 1 little of 24 hours (preferably 2 is little of 7 hours) subsequently.
The major defect of the method to use specific equipment, and must make fermentation lasts multiple hours, described specific equipment provide the tea of all-mass is heated to high temperature sharply with the heating of interval.
A kind of tea fermentation process (RU 2077218, Russia, IPC6A23F 3/08 of locality is used in tea industry.A tea fermentation process for locality, И. А. Х у д o н o г o в, A.M. Х у д o н o г o в, В. Н. К а р п o в; Applicant and patentee: И р к у т. с .-х. и н-т .-; No.95103195/13, the March 6 nineteen ninety-five applying date; Date of publication on April 20th, 1997.), the method uses porous bag as container, and described porous bag is made up of the water absorbing fabric being wherein intertwined with the conductive yarn being connected to alternating electromotive force.25 minutes to 30 minutes are exposed in corona field (intensity 2.5kV/cm).
The major defect of the method is the difference of inevitable raw material, and the different electrical conductivity of the regional area that in bag, different micro climates causes.Corona discharge occurs in some regions with most low-resistance, and it causes the impact of field different and does not provide the fermentation of high-quality.Close process conditions and for the safety requirements of high-tension apparatus do not allow to tea fermentation carry out visual operation monitoring.
For realizing the major defect of the device of the method be:
-corona discharge, this is because the character of the clearance margin of electrode and geometry become uneven electric field (" edge effect ");
– due to the electric-field intensity of 2kV/cm, according to 1.132 of installation of electrical equipment specification (П y Э) (" installation of electrical equipment specification ", Russia, Moscow, Ministry of Energy.2002.7), the special protection measure of security service personnel and other staff should be provided.Particularly according to the respective distance with live part, should use special gloves, use locking device, protective device and equipment, be reduced to acceptable value etc. to make electric-field intensity.
In addition, also exist and to cause there is sizable difficulty organizing in large-scale production due to the equipment operating feature of corona discharge, with the difficulty in process automation, particularly, each container (bag) needs independent electric equipment, and the cost making which increasing fermentation makes uneconomical in this way for large-scale process.
Comprise and utilize the object of the fermentation process of the present invention of electric field influence container Raw to be, by injecting the impact of raw mixture and controlled ozone and monitor the attenuation degree of tea, improve quality and the productivity ratio of tea.
This object is by indoor and be blown into ozone-air mixt continuously in public indoor and realize at each at fermentation stage, and parameter is as follows: under controlling the operation of product specification, 0.03ppm to 0.04ppm ozone (0.06mg/m
3to 0.08mg/m
3), the relative humidity of 95% to 98%, 22 DEG C to 24 DEG C temperature, 45 minutes to 50 minutes.
The device for the object of fermenting proposed comprises the high voltage source being connected to parallel electrode, described parallel electrode prevents from being exposed to electroactive field at the chien shih material container of insulation board, to guarantee quality and the productivity ratio by utilizing electroactive field and ozone mixture and operation monitoring condition to improve tea product.
Object of the present invention is realized by following: make the Electrode connection that is arranged in parallel to high voltage source and make insulating materials pass electroactive field to make on the raw material of electroactive field action in container, described electrode is with coaxial with the solid insulating material being enclosed in the dielectric barrier form outside electrode, chamber is formed between internal electrode and spacer, it forms tubular ozonizer, the entrance of ozone synthetic mixture is equipped with cooler, outlet is connected with material container and hygrotemper (г и г р o т e м п e р а) with flexible pipe, described hygrotemper is provided for relative humidity and the room temperature of fermentation, common network is connected to by the input of the electricity of humidifying device and high input voltage source.
In technique of the present invention, the ozone mixture of output ozone generator utilizes flexible pipe to be supplied in container, and under a certain pressure by hygrotemper, produces gentle local turbulence, thus on the tealeaves that ozone is blown all sidedly in container.The solubility of ozone in sprayed water is than the solubility high several times of oxygen, so to be partly dissolved in water from the ozone of ozone-air mixt and also to participate in the oxidation reaction of fermenting cellar together with sprayed water, kill the mold colony that tealeaves wherein can be caused to show undesirable mouldy taste.Because reaction relates to by ozone decomposed Generation of atoms oxygen, so add separately molecular oxygen to fermenting cellar can not accelerate fermentation.
Be different from wherein electroactive non homogen field and only act on the prior art in the region of minimum resistance, at controlled fermentation stage more uniformly injection of ozone-air mixture on whole raw material in the present invention, it infiltrates between tealeaves.Therefore, the method is not only due to the larger volume of elemental oxygen, but also more effective in the overall circulation of ozone-air mixt in case within a large amount of tealeaves.
The present invention by be used in the ozone-air mixt that produces in ozone generator and provide the hygrotemper of ordinary temperature value (22 DEG C to 24 DEG C) and humidity value (95% to 98%) (г и г р o т e м п e р а) (its due to room Raw fully and oxidation completely until final products to be copper red brown causes the effective fermentation in standard container) make scheduling of production reasonable, the productivity ratio of final products and quality raising.
Should note utilizing the cost benefit of electric power synthesis ozone good, simple to operate and safety, guarantee that it is easy to use in the fermentation system of automation.
Therefore the method for electroactive field ozone mixture is used to be different from analog because of following standard:
-raw material (tealeaves) is in open position, and it makes to carry out exercisable visual control (ozone concentration 0.03ppm to 0.04ppm, lower than limiting value) to sweat under safety condition;
-ozone-air mixt fully and equably blows on raw material in a reservoir;
In space between-dielectric barrier in interior electrode and external electrode, the voltage of about 7kV is utilized to produce ozone;
-this system allows to regulate sweat in automatic mode;
-this technology can organize production in enormous quantities effectively, improves productivity ratio and the quality of tea, improves the profitability of Tea Industry on the whole.
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the structure of ozone generator and the schematic diagram of installation for fermenting, it comprises the external electrode 1 and interior electrode 2 that are connected to high voltage source 3, be placed with dielectric barrier 4 in-between the electrodes, space 5 in-between the electrodes produces ozone, and supply air by the outlet 8 of cooler 7 from the entrance 6 in space to space, the outlet 8 in this space is the outlet of ozone generator 9, it is connected to the entrance 15 of the water of case 13 in fermenting cellar 14 and hygrotemper 16 by conduit 10 by valve 11 and 12, and the electricity of hygrotemper input 17 and high voltage source 3 are connected to circuit 18.
Described method is as follows.From circuit 18, the voltage of 220V and 50Hz is supplied to simultaneously the power supply 3 of hygrotemper 16 and ozone generator 9, this place its produce the high voltage of 7kV and 50Hz for producing ozone.From outlet 8 by ozone-air mixt (0.03ppm O
3to 0.04ppmO
3) by the entrance 15 of conduit 10 for cartonning 13 and hygrotemper 16, this hygrotemper 16 shower water and humidity 95% to 98% and the temperature 22 DEG C to 24 DEG C of expectation are provided in fermenting cellar 14.When valve 11 is opened, valve 12 cuts out, ozone-air mixt only injects case, and hygrotemper only plays the effect keeping humidity and temperature condition.When valve 11 cuts out, valve 12 is opened, ozone-air mixt only injects hygrotemper, and is injected with the water smoke of the ozone of dissolving from this hygrotemper to sweathouse.It is the sweat of compound when two valves are all opened.
When tealeaves become copper red brown time (its only can quick visual control time confirm) should stop fermentation.At the ozone (0.06mg/m of 0.03ppm to 0.04ppm
3to 0.08mg/m
3) under effective fermentation time be 40 minutes to 50 minutes, this concentration is lower than maximum acceptable concentration when AC 220V, 50Hz and 7kV voltage being supplied to ozone generator.
Should note when oxidant (ozone) excessive concentration, raw material (leaf) colour-darkening, and it become defective.
Meet the requirements of the standard the index of quality (content of tannin, caffeine, extract and mould) of ozone fermentation (table 1).
Content of material calculates with dried residue standard (GOST 1940-75)
Therefore, be used as the ozone mixture of innovative technology to ferment and make scheduling of production reasonable, provide the operation at Tea Industry with cost-benefit improvement, the productivity ratio of final products and quality are improved.
Claims (5)
1. a method for processing green tea leaf, it provides the impact of electroactive field to the tealeaves in case, it is characterized by with electroactive field, utilizes ozone-air mixt [15 × 10
-5mg/L to 20 × 10
-5mg/L, the humidity of 95% to 98%, the exposure of 22 DEG C to 24 DEG C, 45 to 50 minutes] product specification is controlled.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized by described ozone-air mixt and directly injects case, and wherein hygrotemper only plays the effect keeping humidity and temperature condition.
3. method according to claim 1, it is characterized by described ozone-air mixt and be supplied in hygrotemper, described hygrotemper sprays the water being dissolved with ozone in room.
4. method according to claim 1, it is characterized by described ozone-air mixt to be supplied in described case simultaneously and in hygrotemper for comprehensive sweat.
5., for realizing an equipment for described tea fermentation process, it comprises the electrode be arranged in parallel being connected to high voltage source; And the insulating materials be placed between described electrode, it is through the electroactive field acting on described case Raw, wherein makes described high-voltage electrode and the insulation coaxial in solid form as dielectric barrier, the coated external electrode of dielectric barrier; And the space formed between interior electrode as ozone generator, its entrance is equipped with cooler, and it exports by tubes connection to the case with raw material, and the entrance of the water of hygrotemper, described hygrotemper provides relative humidity and temperature in fermenting cellar, and the input of the input of the electricity of hygrotemper and high voltage source is connected to circuit.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AZA20130017 | 2013-01-30 | ||
| AZA20130017 | 2013-01-30 | ||
| PCT/AZ2013/000002 WO2014117228A1 (en) | 2013-01-30 | 2013-03-01 | Tea fermentation method and device for implementing same |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN104822274A true CN104822274A (en) | 2015-08-05 |
Family
ID=51261325
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201380046690.8A Pending CN104822274A (en) | 2013-01-30 | 2013-03-01 | Tea fermentation method and device for implementing same |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN104822274A (en) |
| EA (1) | EA201400574A1 (en) |
| GE (1) | GEP201706646B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2014117228A1 (en) |
Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU1292702A1 (en) * | 1985-01-07 | 1987-02-28 | Грузинский Институт Субтропического Хозяйства | Method of processing green tea leaf |
| SU1546048A1 (en) * | 1987-07-15 | 1990-02-28 | Всесоюзный Научно-Исследовательский Институт Чайной Промышленности | Method of producing black tea |
| CN1060763A (en) * | 1990-10-15 | 1992-05-06 | 雀巢制品公司 | The oxidation of tealeaves |
| CN1061324A (en) * | 1990-10-15 | 1992-05-27 | 雀巢制品公司 | The processing of black tea |
| RU1789174C (en) * | 1991-02-05 | 1993-01-23 | Всесоюзный Научно-Исследовательский Институт Чая, Субтропических Культур И Чайной Промышленности | Device for tea fermentation |
| RU2040461C1 (en) * | 1992-02-25 | 1995-07-25 | Уфимский авиационный институт им.С.Орджоникидзе | Ozonizer |
| US20010048956A1 (en) * | 2000-04-27 | 2001-12-06 | Lipton, Division Of Conopco, Inc. | Black tea manufacture |
| RU2326812C1 (en) * | 2006-11-24 | 2008-06-20 | Государственное образовательное учреждение Высшего профессиональого образования Вятский государственный университет (ВятГУ) | Ozoniser pipe |
-
2013
- 2013-03-01 CN CN201380046690.8A patent/CN104822274A/en active Pending
- 2013-03-01 WO PCT/AZ2013/000002 patent/WO2014117228A1/en active Application Filing
- 2013-03-01 GE GEAP201313836A patent/GEP201706646B/en unknown
- 2013-03-01 EA EA201400574A patent/EA201400574A1/en unknown
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SU1292702A1 (en) * | 1985-01-07 | 1987-02-28 | Грузинский Институт Субтропического Хозяйства | Method of processing green tea leaf |
| SU1546048A1 (en) * | 1987-07-15 | 1990-02-28 | Всесоюзный Научно-Исследовательский Институт Чайной Промышленности | Method of producing black tea |
| CN1060763A (en) * | 1990-10-15 | 1992-05-06 | 雀巢制品公司 | The oxidation of tealeaves |
| CN1061324A (en) * | 1990-10-15 | 1992-05-27 | 雀巢制品公司 | The processing of black tea |
| RU1789174C (en) * | 1991-02-05 | 1993-01-23 | Всесоюзный Научно-Исследовательский Институт Чая, Субтропических Культур И Чайной Промышленности | Device for tea fermentation |
| RU2040461C1 (en) * | 1992-02-25 | 1995-07-25 | Уфимский авиационный институт им.С.Орджоникидзе | Ozonizer |
| US20010048956A1 (en) * | 2000-04-27 | 2001-12-06 | Lipton, Division Of Conopco, Inc. | Black tea manufacture |
| RU2326812C1 (en) * | 2006-11-24 | 2008-06-20 | Государственное образовательное учреждение Высшего профессиональого образования Вятский государственный университет (ВятГУ) | Ozoniser pipe |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EA201400574A1 (en) | 2015-05-29 |
| GEP201706646B (en) | 2017-03-27 |
| WO2014117228A1 (en) | 2014-08-07 |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |
Application publication date: 20150805 |
|
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |