CN104821599B - Control method for improving photovoltaic low voltage ride through capacity based on current feedback - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a control method for improving photovoltaic low voltage ride through capacity based on current feedback, and the method introduces a current control signal. When voltage drop happens to a photovoltaic grid-connected system, the DC chopper duty ratio D of an inverter DC-side unloading circuit is adjusted in real time, thereby achieving the inhibition of a grid-connected current of the photovoltaic grid-connected system, reducing the current injected into a big power grid, preventing the collective grid disconnection of a large number of photovoltaic power stations and power grid vibration from causing severe accidents such as power grid collapse, and enlarges the grid-connected capacity of the photovoltaic grid-connected system.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to photovoltaic generating system technical field, is related to a kind of raising photovoltaic generating system low voltage ride-through capability
Control method, and in particular to it is a kind of based on current feedback improve photovoltaic low voltage ride-through capability control method.
Background technology
With the shared proportion more and more higher in regional power grid of China's photovoltaic apparatus installed capacity, photovoltaic apparatus are to electrical network
The impact of safe and stable operation increasingly manifests.When electric network fault or disturbance cause the voltage pulsation of generating field grid entry point, photovoltaic
If the counter-measure of generating equipment is improper, power network fluctuation will be aggravated, and even result in electric grid large area paralysis, bring what is cannot estimated
Loss.
The leading American-European countries of photovoltaic power generation technology has formulated a series of standard or proposition for photovoltaic power generation grid-connecting
Specific technical requirements, its key technology mainly include low voltage crossing (LVRT) and idle and active regulation etc..And low electricity
It is considered as that grid-connected equipment manufactures and designs one of ultimate challenge in control technology, direct relation that pressure passes through (LVRT) technology
To the large-scale application of photovoltaic generation.Low voltage crossing LVRT refers to when grid-connected point voltage falls. photovoltaic apparatus energy
Enough keep grid-connected.Even provide certain reactive power to electrical network. support power system restoration, until power system restoration it is normal, so as to " wear
More " this low-voltage time voltage falls and can bring a series of transient processes, such as overcurrent problem to equipment, by serious harm light
The safe operation of volt equipment itself and its control system.
The content of the invention
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention proposes a kind of based on current feedback raising photovoltaic low voltage crossing energy
The control method of power.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is：A kind of control that photovoltaic low voltage ride-through capability is improved based on current feedback
Method, is a kind of control method of real-time low voltage ride-through capability, it is characterised in that：Definition PI is proportional plus integral control ring
Section, discharging circuit dc chopper dutycycle D；Definition system k moment, photovoltaic generating system output voltage Uk, electric current Ik, off-load
Circuit direct chopper duty cycle Dk；Then method flow is comprised the following steps：
Step 1：From two-stage type photovoltaic power generation grid-connecting system, install additional in photovoltaic generating system combining inverter DC side and unload
Charged road；
Step 2：Setting reference current IRMS_ref, introduce real-time dutycycle calculating parameter：Photovoltaic generating system parallel network reverse
Device DC side parameter voltages Udc, electric current Idc, discharging circuit resistance R；
Step 3：Calculate k moment photovoltaic generating system output current virtual values IRMS, when output current virtual value IRMSIt is more than
Reference current IRMS_refWhen, the operation of discharging circuit input coefficient, and power consumption is PCROW；
Step 4：Sampling k-1, k moment photovoltaic power generation system output power Pk-1、PkAnd photovoltaic generating system combining inverter
DC side power Pdc_(k-1)、Pdc_k, and k moment photovoltaic generating system output voltage Uk, electric current Ik, inverter direct-flow side parameter electricity
Pressure Udc, electric current Idc；Inverter is calculated, and performs following judgements：
When photovoltaic generating system output current virtual value IRMSLess than reference current IRMS_refWhen, discharging circuit DC chopped-wave
Device dutycycle is 0；
When photovoltaic generating system output current virtual value IRMSMore than reference current IRMS_ref, show that discharging circuit direct current is cut
Ripple device duty ratio modulation amountWhich is compared in a comparator with triangular wave, control is formed
Signal processed carries out quick regulation to electronic power switch T, calculates k+1 moment discharging circuit dc chopper dutycycles Dk+1=
Dk+ΔD1, dc chopper is adjusted, photovoltaic generating system is enable when system voltage falls, photovoltaic generating system output current
Virtual value IRMSMore than reference current IRMS_refWhen, by the quick control to electronic power switch in discharging circuit so as to can
The size of real-time adjustment photovoltaic generating system output current.
Preferably, the reference current I described in step 2RMS_ref, it is that photovoltaic generating system output rated current is effective
It is worth, its computing formula is：
Wherein IRMS_an、IRMS_bn、IRMS_cnGrid-connected inverters side A, B, C three-phase rated current virtual value is represented respectively.
Preferably, photovoltaic generating system output current virtual value I described in step 3RMS, its computing formula is：
Wherein IRMS_a、IRMS_b、IRMS_cGrid-connected inverters side A, B, C three-phase current virtual value is represented respectively；Unload when the k moment
When charged road input coefficient runs, its power consumption PCROW：
Pk_ref=3IRMS_ref(URMS_a+URMS_b+URMS_c)；
Wherein URMS_a、URMS_b、URMS_cGrid-connected inverters side A, B, C three-phase voltage virtual value is represented respectively；When k moment, light
Photovoltaic generating system output current virtual value IRMSMore than reference current IRMS_ref, then discharging circuit dc chopper dutycycle：
Preferably, step 4 is implemented including following sub-step：
Step 4.1：Sampling photovoltaic generating system output voltage Uk, electric current Ik, DC side voltage of converter Udc, electric current Idc；
Step 4.2：Seek k-1, k moment output current virtual value IRMS；
Step 4.3：Judge k moment grid entry point electric current IRMSWith reference current IRMS_refWhether deviation is more than 0；
If so, then redirect execution following step 4.4.2；
If it is not, then order performs following step 4.4.1；
Step 4.4.1：D=0, and perform following step 4.5；
Step 4.4.2：Dc chopper duty ratio modulation amount Δ D is calculated by pi regulator1, and perform following step
4.4.3；
Step 4.4.3：Calculate D=Δ D1+D；
Step 4.5：Output D.
The present invention introduces current controling signal, when photovoltaic parallel in system occurs Voltage Drop, by real-time regulation inversion
Device DC side-discharging circuit dc chopper dutycycle D, realizes suppressing photovoltaic generating system output current, reduces which to big electricity
Net injection current, had both avoided a large amount of photovoltaic plant collectives off-grid, electrical network concussion from causing the major accident of mains breakdown, increase again
The grid connection capacity of photovoltaic generating system.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1：It is the electric power checking system electric hookup of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2：It is the flow chart of the embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3：Be the embodiment of the present invention under normal environment conditions, under normal operating condition, photovoltaic array output characteristics is bent
Line；Wherein (a) vertical coordinate represents photovoltaic array output PPV(kW), (b) vertical coordinate represents DC side voltage of converter Udc
(V), (c) vertical coordinate represents inverter direct-flow side Idc(A)；D () vertical coordinate represents inverter ac side electric current IAC(A)；E () indulges
Coordinate representation grid-connected inverters point AC voltage UAC(V)；
Fig. 4：Be the embodiment of the present invention at the standard conditions, photovoltaic array output rated capacity, when system jam,
System voltage falls, photovoltaic generating system output characteristic curve；Wherein (a), the equal express time of (b) abscissa, (a) vertical coordinate table
Show the grid-connected point voltage of photovoltaic generating system, (b) vertical coordinate represents inverter ac side output current；
Fig. 5：Be the embodiment of the present invention in the case of standard temperature illumination variation, photovoltaic array output rated power half,
When system jam, system voltage falls, photovoltaic generating system output characteristic curve；Wherein (a), the equal table of (b) abscissa
Show the time (s), (a) the grid-connected point voltage of vertical coordinate photovoltaic generating system, (b) vertical coordinate represents inverter ac side output current.
Specific embodiment
Understand for the ease of those of ordinary skill in the art and implement the present invention, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiment is to this
It is bright to be described in further detail, it will be appreciated that enforcement example described herein is merely to illustrate and explains the present invention, not
For limiting the present invention.
Fig. 1 is asked for an interview, the present embodiment is by taking photovoltaic two-stage type three-phase generation system as an example.It is electric that photovoltaic battery panel PV accesses boost
Road, boost circuits are mainly by electric capacity C1, inductance L, fast power electrical switch T1, electric capacity C2, diode D composition, it is charged unloading
Route fast power electrical switch T2 and electric power generation unloading resistance R.It is normal when running, photovoltaic array pass through boost circuits and inverter to
Electrical network conveys electric energy, and discharging circuit fast power electrical switch T2 is turned off, when system voltage falls, grid-connected inverters side,
Detection electric current exceedes setting value, fast power electrical switch T2 in triggering discharging circuit, dutycycle D according to obtained by calculatingrefTo fast
Fast electronic power switch T2 is controlled, and is discharged by electric power generation unloading resistance R so as to when system voltage falls, and reduces light
Photovoltaic array is to system injection current.
Electric power checking system parameter is as shown in table 1.
1 electric power checking system simulation parameter of table
Fig. 2 is asked for an interview, based on above-mentioned electric power checking system circuit, the invention provides a kind of improve photovoltaic based on current feedback
The control method of low voltage ride-through capability, defines PI first for proportional plus integral control link, discharging circuit dc chopper duty
Compare D；Definition system k moment, photovoltaic generating system output voltage Uk, electric current Ik, discharging circuit dc chopper dutycycle Dk；Then
Method flow is comprised the following steps：
Step 1：From two-stage type photovoltaic power generation grid-connecting system, install additional in photovoltaic generating system combining inverter DC side and unload
Charged road；
Step 2：Setting reference current IRMS_ref, introduce real-time dutycycle calculating parameter：Photovoltaic generating system parallel network reverse
Device DC side parameter voltages Udc, electric current Idc, discharging circuit resistance R；
Wherein reference current IRMS_ref, it is that photovoltaic generating system exports specified current effective value, its computing formula is：
Wherein IRMS_an、IRMS_bn、IRMS_cnGrid-connected inverters side A, B, C three-phase rated current virtual value is represented respectively.
Step 3：Calculate k moment photovoltaic generating system output current virtual values IRMS, when output current virtual value IRMSIt is more than
Reference current IRMS_refWhen, the operation of discharging circuit input coefficient, and power consumption is PCROW, discharging circuit dc chopper duty
Compare Dk；
Wherein photovoltaic generating system output current virtual value IRMS, its computing formula is：
Wherein IRMS_a、IRMS_b、IRMS_cGrid-connected inverters side A, B, C three-phase current virtual value is represented respectively；
When k moment discharging circuits input coefficient runs, its power consumption PCROW：
Pk_ref=3IRMS_ref(URMS_a+URMS_b+URMS_c)；
Wherein URMS_a、URMS_b、URMS_cGrid-connected inverters side A, B, C three-phase voltage virtual value is represented respectively；
When k moment, photovoltaic generating system output current virtual value IRMSMore than reference current IRMS_ref, then discharging circuit is straight
Stream chopper duty cycle：
Step 4：Sampling k-1, k moment photovoltaic power generation system output power Pk-1, PkAnd photovoltaic generating system combining inverter
DC side power Pdc_(k-1)、Pdc_k, and k moment photovoltaic generating system output voltage Uk, electric current Ik, inverter direct-flow side parameter electricity
Pressure Udc, electric current Idc；Inverter is calculated, and performs following judgements：When photovoltaic generating system output current virtual value IRMSLess than ginseng
Examine electric current IRMS_refWhen, discharging circuit dc chopper dutycycle is 0；
When photovoltaic generating system output current virtual value IRMSMore than reference current IRMS_ref, show that discharging circuit direct current is cut
Ripple device duty ratio modulation amountWhich is compared in a comparator with triangular wave, control is formed
Signal processed carries out quick regulation to electronic power switch T, calculates k+1 moment discharging circuit dc chopper dutycycles Dk+1=
Dk+ΔD1, dc chopper is adjusted, photovoltaic generating system is enable when system voltage falls, photovoltaic generating system output current
Virtual value IRMSMore than reference current IRMS_refWhen, by the quick control to electronic power switch in discharging circuit so as to can
The size of real-time adjustment photovoltaic generating system output current.
Step 4 is implemented including following sub-step：
Step 4.1：Sampling photovoltaic generating system output voltage Uk、, electric current Ik, DC side voltage of converter Udc, electric current Idc；
Step 4.2：Seek k-1, k moment output current virtual value IRMS；
Step 4.3：Judge k moment grid entry point electric current IRMSWith reference current IRMS_refWhether deviation is more than 0；
If so, then redirect execution following step 4.4.2；
If it is not, then order performs following step 4.4.1；
Step 4.4.1：D=0, and perform following step 4.5；
Step 4.4.2：Dc chopper duty ratio modulation amount Δ D is calculated by pi regulator1, and perform following step
4.4.3；
Step 4.4.3：Calculate D=Δ D1+D；
Step 4.5：Output D.
To verify effectiveness of the present invention, the present embodiment arranges following three kinds of scenes：
A, holding normal environment conditions (S=1000W/m2, T=25 DEG C), system is normally run.
B, the constant (S=1000W/m of holding normal environment conditions2), system three phase short circuit fault is set.Fault time：
0.6s, trouble duration 0.4s, photovoltaic generating system output rated capacity.
C, keeping temperature constant (T=25 DEG C), intensity of illumination is changed, and it is specified for which to make photovoltaic generating system output capacity
The half of capacity, arranges system three phase short circuit fault, fault time：0.6s, trouble duration 0.4s.
Ask for an interview Fig. 3, be the embodiment of the present invention under normal environment conditions, normal operating condition, photovoltaic array output characteristics
Curve；Wherein (a) vertical coordinate represents photovoltaic array output PPV(kW), (b) vertical coordinate represents DC side voltage of converter Udc
(V), (c) vertical coordinate represents inverter direct-flow side electric current Idc(A)；D () vertical coordinate represents inverter ac side electric current IAC(A)；
E () vertical coordinate represents grid-connected inverters point AC voltage UAC(V)；C () vertical coordinate represents inverter direct-flow side Idc(A)；(d)
Vertical coordinate represents inverter ac side electric current IAC(A)；E () vertical coordinate represents grid-connected inverters point AC voltage UAC(V).Light
Photovoltaic array exports mean power 260kW, DC side voltage of converter Udc(V) it is 800V, inverter direct-flow side electric current Idc(A) it is
323A, grid-connected inverters point AC voltage, electric current are sine wave.
Fig. 4 is asked for an interview, is that the present invention is implemented at the standard conditions, photovoltaic array output rated capacity works as system jam
When, system voltage falls, photovoltaic generating system output characteristic curve, wherein (a), the equal express time of (b) abscissa, (a) indulge and sit
Mark represents the grid-connected point voltage of photovoltaic generating system, and (b) vertical coordinate represents inverter ac side output current.When Fig. 4 finds out 0.6s,
System jam, inverter ac side short circuit current flow can quickly be suppressed to its load current value, with without control plan
Slightly compare, with preferable inhibition.
Ask for an interview Fig. 5, be the embodiment of the present invention in the case of standard temperature, illumination variation, photovoltaic array output rated power
Half, when system jam, system voltage falls, photovoltaic generating system output characteristic curve；Wherein (a), (b) abscissa
Equal express time (s), (a) the grid-connected point voltage of vertical coordinate photovoltaic generating system, (b) vertical coordinate represent inverter ac side output electricity
Stream.When Fig. 5 (a), (b) find out 0.6s, system jam, inverter ac side short circuit current flow quickly can be suppressed to
Its load current value, compared with without control strategy, has preferable inhibition to fault current.
It should be appreciated that the part that this specification is not elaborated belongs to prior art.
It should be appreciated that the above-mentioned description for preferred embodiment is more detailed, therefore can not be considered to this
The restriction of invention patent protection scope, one of ordinary skill in the art are being weighed without departing from the present invention under the enlightenment of the present invention
Under the protected ambit of profit requirement, replacement can also be made or deformed, be each fallen within protection scope of the present invention, this
It is bright scope is claimed to be defined by claims.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of control method that photovoltaic low voltage ride-through capability is improved based on current feedback, is a kind of real-time low voltage crossing
The control method of ability, it is characterised in that：Definition PI be proportional plus integral control link, discharging circuit dc chopper dutycycle D；
Definition system k moment, photovoltaic generating system output voltage Uk, electric current Ik, discharging circuit dc chopper dutycycle Dk；Then method
Flow process is comprised the following steps：
Step 1：From two-stage type photovoltaic power generation grid-connecting system, install additional in photovoltaic generating system combining inverter DC side and unload charged
Road；
Step 2：Setting reference current IRMS_ref, introduce real-time dutycycle calculating parameter：Photovoltaic generating system combining inverter direct current
Side parameter voltages Udc, electric current Idc, discharging circuit resistance R；
Step 3：Calculate k moment photovoltaic generating system output current virtual values IRMS, when output current virtual value IRMSMore than reference
Electric current IRMS_refWhen, the operation of discharging circuit input coefficient, and power consumption is PCROW；
Step 4：Sampling k-1, k moment photovoltaic power generation system output power Pk-1、PkAnd photovoltaic generating system combining inverter direct current
Side power Pdc_(k-1)、Pdc_k, and k moment photovoltaic generating system output voltage Uk, electric current Ik, inverter direct-flow side parameter voltages
Udc, electric current Idc；Inverter is calculated, and performs following judgements：
When photovoltaic generating system output current virtual value IRMSLess than reference current IRMS_refWhen, discharging circuit dc chopper duty
Than for 0；
When photovoltaic generating system output current virtual value IRMSMore than reference current IRMS_ref, show that discharging circuit dc chopper is accounted for
Sky compares modulation voltageWhich is compared in a comparator with triangular wave, control signal is formed
Quick regulation is carried out to electronic power switch T, k+1 moment discharging circuit dc chopper dutycycles D are calculatedk+1=Dk+ΔD1,
Dc chopper is adjusted, photovoltaic generating system is enable when system voltage falls, photovoltaic generating system output current virtual value
IRMSMore than reference current IRMS_refWhen, by the quick control to electronic power switch in discharging circuit so as to can adjust in real time
The size of whole photovoltaic generating system output current.
2. it is according to claim 1 based on current feedback improve photovoltaic low voltage ride-through capability control method, its feature
It is：Reference current I described in step 2RMS_ref, it is that photovoltaic generating system exports specified current effective value, its computing formula
For：
Wherein IRMS_an、IRMS_bn、IRMS_cnGrid-connected inverters side A, B, C three-phase rated current virtual value is represented respectively.
3. it is according to claim 1 based on current feedback improve photovoltaic low voltage ride-through capability control method, its feature
It is：Photovoltaic generating system output current virtual value I described in step 3RMS, its computing formula is：
Wherein IRMS_a、IRMS_b、IRMS_cGrid-connected inverters side A, B, C three-phase current virtual value is represented respectively；Unload charged when the k moment
When road input coefficient runs, its power consumption PCROW：
Pk_ref=3IRMS_ref(URMS_a+URMS_b+URMS_c)；
Wherein URMS_a、URMS_b、URMS_cGrid-connected inverters side A, B, C three-phase voltage virtual value is represented respectively；When the k moment, photovoltaic is sent out
Electric system output current virtual value IRMSMore than reference current IRMS_ref, then discharging circuit dc chopper dutycycle：
4. it is according to claim 3 based on current feedback improve photovoltaic low voltage ride-through capability control method, its feature
It is：Step 4 is implemented including following sub-step：
Step 4.1：Sampling photovoltaic generating system output voltage Uk, electric current Ik, DC side voltage of converter Udc, electric current Idc；
Step 4.2：Seek k-1, k moment output current virtual value IRMS；
Step 4.3：Judge k moment grid entry point electric current IRMSWith reference current IRMS_refWhether deviation is more than 0；
If so, then redirect execution following step 4.4.2；
If it is not, then order performs following step 4.4.1；
Step 4.4.1：D=0, and perform following step 4.5；
Step 4.4.2：Dc chopper duty ratio modulation amount Δ D is calculated by pi regulator1, and perform following step 4.4.3；
Step 4.4.3：Calculate D=Δ D1+D；
Step 4.5：Output D.
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| Low Voltage Ride Through Capability of a 5 kW Grid-Tied Solar Inverter;Christian H. Benz et al.;《14th International Power Electronics and Motion Control Conference, EPE-PEMC 2010》;20100908;第T12-13 - T12-20页 * |
| 光伏并网发电系统的低电压穿越控制策略;张明光 等;《电力系统保护与控制》;20140601;第42卷(第11期);第28-33页 * |
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