CN104821599A - Control method for improving photovoltaic LVRT based on current feedback - Google Patents
Control method for improving photovoltaic LVRT based on current feedback Download PDFInfo
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- CN104821599A CN104821599A CN201510246700.3A CN201510246700A CN104821599A CN 104821599 A CN104821599 A CN 104821599A CN 201510246700 A CN201510246700 A CN 201510246700A CN 104821599 A CN104821599 A CN 104821599A
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- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 3
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- H02J3/383—
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
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Abstract
The invention discloses a control method for improving photovoltaic LVRT based on current feedback, and the method introduces a current control signal. When voltage drop happens to a photovoltaic grid-connected system, the DC chopper duty ratio D of an inverter DC-side unloading circuit is adjusted in real time, thereby achieving the inhibition of a grid-connected current of the photovoltaic grid-connected system, reducing the current injected into a big power grid, preventing the collective grid disconnection of a large number of photovoltaic power stations and power grid vibration from causing severe accidents such as power grid collapse, and enlarges the grid-connected capacity of the photovoltaic grid-connected system.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to photovoltaic generating system technical field, relate to a kind of raising photovoltaic generating system LVRT control method, be specifically related to a kind of based on current feedback raising photovoltaic LVRT control method.
Background technology
The proportion shared in regional power grid along with China's photovoltaic apparatus installed capacity is more and more higher, and the impact of photovoltaic apparatus on power network safety operation manifests day by day.When electric network fault or disturbance cause generating field and the voltage fluctuation of site time, if the counter-measure of photovoltaic power generation equipment is improper, will power network fluctuation be aggravated, and even cause electric grid large area to be paralysed, bring the loss that cannot estimate.
The American-European countries that photovoltaic power generation technology is leading has formulated a series of standard for photovoltaic power generation grid-connecting or has proposed concrete technical requirement, and its key technology mainly comprises low voltage crossing (LVRT) and idle and meritorious adjustment etc.And low voltage crossing (LVRT) technology is considered to one of technical ultimate challenge of grid-connected equipment de-sign production control, be directly connected to the large-scale application of photovoltaic generation.Low voltage crossing LVRT refers to when grid-connected point voltage falls. photovoltaic apparatus can keep grid-connected.Even provide certain reactive power to electrical network. support power system restoration, until power system restoration is normal, thus " passing through " this low-voltage time voltage fall can bring a series of transient process to equipment, as overcurrent problem, by the safe operation of serious harm photovoltaic apparatus itself and control system thereof.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention proposes a kind of based on current feedback raising photovoltaic LVRT control method.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is: a kind of based on current feedback raising photovoltaic LVRT control method, is a kind of real-time LVRT control method, it is characterized in that: the define system k moment, photovoltaic generating system output voltage U
k, electric current I
k, unloading DC chopper duty ratio in charged current is D
k, then method flow comprises the following steps:
Step 1: select two-stage type photovoltaic power generation grid-connecting system, install discharging circuit additional in combining inverter DC side;
Step 2: setting reference current I
rMS_ref, introduce real-time duty ratio calculating parameter: inverter direct-flow side parameter voltages U
dc, electric current I
dc, the grid-connected point voltage U of k moment photovoltaic generating system
k, electric current I
k, direct-current unloading circuit resistance R;
Step 3: calculate the k moment and site electric current I
rMS, consumed power P when discharging circuit input coefficient runs
cROW, and site electric current I
rMSbe greater than reference current I
rMS_reftime inverter, DC side-discharging circuit DC chopper duty ratio D
k;
The grid-connected point voltage U of step 4:k instance sample photovoltaic generating system
k, electric current I
k, inverter direct-flow side parameter voltages U
dc, electric current I
dc; Calculate inverter direct-flow side power P
dc, photovoltaic generating system site reference power P
k_ref, and perform following judgement:
When photovoltaic generating system and site electric current I
rMSbe less than reference current I
rMS_reftime, DC chopper output duty cycle is 0;
When photovoltaic generating system and site electric current I
rMSbe greater than reference current I
rMS_ref, draw DC chopper duty ratio modulation amount
it compared in a comparator with triangular wave, formation control signal carries out quick adjustment to electronic power switch T, regulates DC chopper duty ratio D
k+1=D
k+ Δ D
1, make photovoltaic generating system output current I
kcan fall at system voltage, inverter output current exceedes reference current I
rMS_reftime, by the quick control to electronic power switch in direct-current unloading circuit, photovoltaic generating system can be adjusted in real time and the size of site electric current.
As preferably, the reference current I described in step 2
rMS_ref, for grid-connected inverters side exports specified current effective value, its computing formula is:
Wherein I
rMS_an, I
rMS_bn, I
rMS_cnrepresent grid-connected inverters point A, B, C three-phase rated current effective value respectively.
As preferably, described in step 3 and site electric current I
rMS, its computing formula is:
Wherein I
rMS_a, I
rMS_b, I
rMS_crepresent grid-connected inverters point A, B, C three-phase current effective value respectively.
When discharging circuit input coefficient runs, its consumed power P
cROW:
P
k_ref=3I
RMS_ref(U
RMS_a+U
RMS_b+U
RMS_c);
Wherein D represents DC chopper chopper duty ratio;
When the k moment, and site electric current I
rMSbe greater than reference current I
rMS_ref, then inverter direct-flow side discharging circuit DC chopper duty ratio:
As preferably, the specific implementation of step 4 comprises following sub-step:
Step 4.1: the grid-connected point voltage U of sampled light photovoltaic generating system
k,, electric current I
k, DC side voltage of converter U
dc, electric current I
dc;
Step 4.2: ask k-1, k moment to export site electric current I
rMS;
Step 4.3: judge k moment site electric current I
rMSwith setup parameter I
rMS_refwhether deviation is greater than 0;
If so, then redirect performs following step 4.4.2;
If not, then order performs following step 4.4.1;
Step 4.4.1:D
ref=0, and perform following step 4.5;
Step 4.4.2: calculate DC chopper duty ratio modulation amount Δ D by pi regulator
1, and perform following
Step 4.4.3;
Step 4.4.3: calculate D
ref=Δ D
1+ D
ref;
Step 4.5: export D
ref.
The present invention introduces current controling signal, when photovoltaic parallel in system generation Voltage Drop, by regulating DC chopper duty ratio D in inverter direct-flow side discharging circuit in real time, realize suppressing photovoltaic generating system grid-connected current, reduce it to bulk power grid Injection Current, both avoided a large amount of photovoltaic plant collectives off-grid, electrical network shakes, cause the major accident of mains breakdown, increase again the grid connection capacity of photovoltaic generating system.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1: the electric power verification system electric hookup being the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2: the flow chart being the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3: be the embodiment of the present invention under normal environment conditions, under normal operating condition, photovoltaic array output characteristic curve; Wherein (a) ordinate represents photovoltaic array power output P
pV(kW), (b) ordinate represents DC side voltage of converter U
dc(V), (c) ordinate represents inverter direct-flow side I
dc(A); D () ordinate represents inverter ac side electric current I
aC(A); E () ordinate represents grid-connected inverters point AC voltage U
aC(V);
Fig. 4: be the embodiment of the present invention at the standard conditions, photovoltaic array amount of exports constant volume, when system jam, system voltage falls, photovoltaic generating system output characteristic curve; Wherein (a), (b) abscissa all represent the time, and (a) ordinate represents the grid-connected point voltage of photovoltaic generating system, and (b) ordinate represents inverter ac side output current;
Fig. 5: be the embodiment of the present invention in normal temperature illumination variation situation, photovoltaic array exports rated power half, and when system jam, system voltage falls, photovoltaic generating system output characteristic curve; Wherein (a), (b) abscissa all represent the time (s), the grid-connected point voltage of (a) ordinate photovoltaic generating system, and (b) ordinate represents inverter ac side output current.
Embodiment
Understand for the ease of those of ordinary skill in the art and implement the present invention, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in further detail, should be appreciated that exemplifying embodiment described herein is only for instruction and explanation of the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
Ask for an interview Fig. 1, the present embodiment is for photovoltaic two-stage type three-phase generation system.Photovoltaic battery panel PV accesses boost circuit, and boost circuit is primarily of electric capacity C
1, inductance L, fast power electronic switch T1, electric capacity C
2, diode D forms, at discharging circuit by fast power electronic switch T2 and electric power generation unloading resistance R.During normal operation, photovoltaic array by boost circuit and inverter to electrical network transmission of electric energy, and discharging circuit fast power electronic switch T2 turns off, when system voltage falls, grid-connected inverters side, detect electric current and exceed set point, trigger fast power electronic switch T2 in discharging circuit, according to calculating gained duty ratio D
reffast power electronic switch T2 is controlled, and is discharged by electric power generation unloading resistance R, make it when system voltage falls, reduce photovoltaic array to system Injection Current.
Electric power verification system parameter is as shown in table 1.
Table 1 electric power verification system simulation parameter
Ask for an interview Fig. 2, based on above-mentioned electric power verification system circuit, the invention provides a kind of based on current feedback raising photovoltaic LVRT control method, define system k moment, photovoltaic generating system output voltage U
k, electric current I
k, unloading DC chopper duty ratio in charged current is D
k, then method flow comprises the following steps:
Step 1: select two-stage type photovoltaic power generation grid-connecting system, install discharging circuit additional in combining inverter DC side;
Step 2: setting reference current I
rMS_ref, introduce real-time duty ratio calculating parameter: inverter direct-flow side parameter voltages U
dc, electric current I
dc, the grid-connected point voltage U of k moment photovoltaic generating system
k, electric current I
k, direct-current unloading circuit resistance R;
Reference current I
rMS_reffor grid-connected inverters side exports specified current effective value, its computing formula is:
Wherein I
rMS_an, I
rMS_bn, I
rMS_cnrepresent grid-connected inverters side A, B, C three-phase rated current effective value respectively;
Step 3: calculate the k moment and site electric current I
rMS, consumed power P when discharging circuit input coefficient runs
cROW, and site electric current I
rMSbe greater than reference current I
rMS_reftime inverter direct-flow side discharging circuit DC chopper duty ratio D
k;
And site electric current I
rMS, its computing formula is:
Wherein I
rMS_a, I
rMS_b, I
rMS_crepresent grid-connected inverters side A, B, C three-phase rated current effective value respectively;
When discharging circuit input coefficient runs, its consumed power P
cROW:
P
k_ref=3I
RMS_ref(U
RMS_a+U
RMS_b+U
RMS_c);
Wherein D represents DC chopper chopper duty ratio;
When the k moment, and site electric current I
rMSbe greater than reference current I
rMS_ref, then inverter direct-flow side discharging circuit DC chopper duty ratio:
The grid-connected point voltage U of step 4:k instance sample photovoltaic generating system
k, electric current I
k, inverter direct-flow side parameter voltages U
dc, electric current I
dc; Calculate inverter direct-flow side power P
dc, photovoltaic generating system site reference power P
k_ref, and perform following judgement:
When photovoltaic generating system and site electric current I
rMSbe less than reference current I
rMS_reftime, DC chopper output duty cycle is 0;
When photovoltaic generating system and site electric current I
rMSbe greater than reference current I
rMS_ref, draw DC chopper duty ratio modulation amount
it compared in a comparator with triangular wave, formation control signal carries out quick adjustment to electronic power switch T, regulates DC chopper duty ratio D
k+1=D
k+ Δ D
1, make photovoltaic generating system output current I
kcan fall at system voltage, inverter output current exceedes reference current I
rMS_reftime, by the quick control to electronic power switch in direct-current unloading circuit, photovoltaic generating system can be adjusted in real time and the size of site electric current.
The specific implementation of step 4 comprises following sub-step:
Step 4.1: the grid-connected point voltage U of sampled light photovoltaic generating system
k,, electric current I
k, DC side voltage of converter U
dc, electric current I
dc;
Step 4.2: ask k-1, k moment to export site electric current I
rMS;
Step 4.3: judge k moment site electric current I
rMSwith setup parameter I
rMS_refwhether deviation is greater than 0;
If so, then redirect performs following step 4.4.2;
If not, then order performs following step 4.4.1;
Step 4.4.1:D
ref=0, and perform following step 4.5;
Step 4.4.2: calculate DC chopper duty ratio modulation amount Δ D by pi regulator
1, and perform following
Step 4.4.3;
Step 4.4.3: calculate D
ref=Δ D
1+ D
ref;
Step 4.5: export D
ref.
For checking validity of the present invention, the present embodiment arranges following three kinds of scenes:
A, the environmental condition that maintains the standard (S=1000W/m
2, T=25 DEG C), system is normally run.
B, the constant (S=1000W/m of the environmental condition that maintains the standard
2), system three phase short circuit fault is set.Fault time: 0.6s, trouble duration 0.4s, photovoltaic generating system amount of exports constant volume.
C, to keep temperature-resistant (T=25 DEG C), intensity of illumination is changed, make photovoltaic generating system output capacity be the half of its rated capacity, system three phase short circuit fault is set, fault time: 0.6s, trouble duration 0.4s.
Ask for an interview Fig. 3, be the embodiment of the present invention at normal environment conditions, under normal operating condition, photovoltaic array output characteristic curve; Wherein (a) ordinate represents photovoltaic array power output P
pV(kW), (b) ordinate represents DC side voltage of converter U
dc(V), (c) ordinate represents inverter direct-flow side electric current I
dc(A); D () ordinate represents inverter ac side electric current I
aC(A); E () ordinate represents grid-connected inverters point AC voltage U
aC(V); C () ordinate represents inverter direct-flow side I
dc(A); D () ordinate represents inverter ac side electric current I
aC(A); E () ordinate represents grid-connected inverters point AC voltage U
aC(V).Photovoltaic array exports average power 260kW, DC side voltage of converter U
dc(V) be 800V, inverter direct-flow side electric current I
dc(A) be 323A, grid-connected inverters point AC voltage, electric current are sinusoidal wave.
Ask for an interview Fig. 4, be the invention process at the standard conditions, photovoltaic array amount of exports constant volume, when system jam, system voltage falls, photovoltaic generating system output characteristic curve, and wherein (a), (b) abscissa all represent the time, a () ordinate represents the grid-connected point voltage of photovoltaic generating system, (b) ordinate represents inverter ac side output current.When Fig. 4 finds out 0.6s, system jam, inverter ac side short circuit current flow can be suppressed to its load current value fast, with compared with control strategy, has good inhibition.
Ask for an interview Fig. 5, be the embodiment of the present invention in normal temperature, in illumination variation situation, photovoltaic array exports rated power half, and when system jam, system voltage falls, photovoltaic generating system output characteristic curve; Wherein (a), (b) abscissa all represent the time (s), the grid-connected point voltage of (a) ordinate photovoltaic generating system, and (b) ordinate represents inverter ac side output current.When Fig. 5 (a), (b) find out 0.6s, system jam, inverter ac side short circuit current flow can be suppressed to its load current value fast, with compared with control strategy, has good inhibition to fault current.
Should be understood that, the part that this specification does not elaborate all belongs to prior art.
Should be understood that; the above-mentioned description for preferred embodiment is comparatively detailed; therefore the restriction to scope of patent protection of the present invention can not be thought; those of ordinary skill in the art is under enlightenment of the present invention; do not departing under the ambit that the claims in the present invention protect; can also make and replacing or distortion, all fall within protection scope of the present invention, request protection range of the present invention should be as the criterion with claims.
Claims (4)
1. improve a photovoltaic LVRT control method based on current feedback, be a kind of real-time LVRT control method, it is characterized in that: the define system k moment, photovoltaic generating system output voltage U
k, electric current I
k, unloading DC chopper duty ratio in charged current is D
k, then method flow comprises the following steps:
Step 1: select two-stage type photovoltaic power generation grid-connecting system, install discharging circuit additional in combining inverter DC side;
Step 2: setting reference current I
rMS_ref, introduce real-time duty ratio calculating parameter: inverter direct-flow side parameter voltages U
dc, electric current I
dc, the grid-connected point voltage U of k moment photovoltaic generating system
k, electric current I
k, direct-current unloading circuit resistance R;
Step 3: calculate the k moment and site electric current I
rMS, consumed power P when discharging circuit input coefficient runs
cROW, and site electric current I
rMSbe greater than reference current I
rMS_reftime inverter, DC side-discharging circuit DC chopper duty ratio D
k;
The grid-connected point voltage U of step 4:k instance sample photovoltaic generating system
k, electric current I
k, inverter direct-flow side parameter voltages U
dc, electric current I
dc; Calculate inverter direct-flow side power P
dc, photovoltaic generating system site reference power P
k_ref, and perform following judgement:
When photovoltaic generating system and site electric current I
rMSbe less than reference current I
rMS_reftime, DC chopper output duty cycle is 0;
When photovoltaic generating system and site electric current I
rMSbe greater than reference current I
rMS_ref, draw DC chopper duty ratio modulation amount
it compared in a comparator with triangular wave, formation control signal carries out quick adjustment to electronic power switch T, regulates DC chopper duty ratio D
k+1=D
k+ Δ D
1, make photovoltaic generating system output current I
kcan fall at system voltage, inverter output current exceedes reference current I
rMS_reftime, by the quick control to electronic power switch in direct-current unloading circuit, photovoltaic generating system can be adjusted in real time and the size of site electric current.
2. according to claim 1 based on current feedback raising photovoltaic LVRT control method, it is characterized in that:
Reference current I described in step 2
rMS_ref, for grid-connected inverters side exports specified current effective value, its computing formula is:
Wherein I
rMS_an, I
rMS_bn, I
rMS_cnrepresent grid-connected inverters side A, B, C three-phase rated current effective value respectively.
3. according to claim 1 based on current feedback raising photovoltaic LVRT control method, it is characterized in that:
Also site electric current I described in step 3
rMS, its computing formula is:
Wherein I
rMS_a, I
rMS_b, I
rMS_crepresent grid-connected inverters side A, B, C three-phase current effective value respectively;
When discharging circuit input coefficient runs, its consumed power P
cROW:
P
k_ref=3I
RMS_ref(U
RMS_a+U
RMS_b+U
RMS_c);
Wherein D represents DC chopper chopper duty ratio;
When the k moment, and site electric current I
rMSbe greater than reference current I
rMS_ref, then inverter direct-flow side discharging circuit DC chopper duty ratio:
4. according to claim 3 based on current feedback raising photovoltaic LVRT control method, it is characterized in that:
The specific implementation of step 4 comprises following sub-step:
Step 4.1: the grid-connected point voltage U of sampled light photovoltaic generating system
k,, electric current I
k, DC side voltage of converter U
dc, electric current I
dc;
Step 4.2: ask k-1, k moment to export and site electric current I
rMS;
Step 4.3: judge the k moment and site electric current I
rMSwith setup parameter I
rMS_refwhether deviation is greater than 0;
If so, then redirect performs following step 4.4.2;
If not, then order performs following step 4.4.1;
Step 4.4.1:D
ref=0, and perform following step 4.5;
Step 4.4.2: calculate DC chopper duty ratio modulation amount Δ D by pi regulator
1, and perform following step 4.4.3;
Step 4.4.3: calculate D
ref=Δ D
1+ D
ref;
Step 4.5: export D
ref.
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