CN112134302B - Fan high voltage ride through control system based on direct current bus voltage regulation - Google Patents

Fan high voltage ride through control system based on direct current bus voltage regulation Download PDF

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Publication number
CN112134302B
CN112134302B CN202010898707.4A CN202010898707A CN112134302B CN 112134302 B CN112134302 B CN 112134302B CN 202010898707 A CN202010898707 A CN 202010898707A CN 112134302 B CN112134302 B CN 112134302B
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voltage
direct
current bus
power grid
bus voltage
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CN112134302A (en
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吴小田
周宏林
蒋林
边晓光
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Dongfang Electric Corp
Dongfang Electric Group Research Institute of Science and Technology Co Ltd
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Dongfang Electric Corp
Dongfang Electric Group Research Institute of Science and Technology Co Ltd
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/381Dispersed generators
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02HEMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/10Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers
    • H02H7/12Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers
    • H02H7/1216Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers for AC-AC converters
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P9/00Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
    • H02P9/10Control effected upon generator excitation circuit to reduce harmful effects of overloads or transients, e.g. sudden application of load, sudden removal of load, sudden change of load
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/20The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
    • H02J2300/28The renewable source being wind energy
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02PCONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
    • H02P2101/00Special adaptation of control arrangements for generators
    • H02P2101/15Special adaptation of control arrangements for generators for wind-driven turbines
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/70Wind energy
    • Y02E10/76Power conversion electric or electronic aspects

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a fan high-voltage ride-through control system based on direct-current bus voltage regulation, which comprises a signal acquisition module, a power grid voltage positive and negative sequence separation module, a power grid voltage phase locking module, a direct-current bus voltage given unit, a reactive current given module, a direct-current bus voltage control unit, a direct-current bus voltage protection unit and a network side current control unit, wherein the signal acquisition module is used for acquiring a signal of a fan; the method comprises the steps of carrying out filtering processing on collected direct-current bus voltage, power grid three-phase voltage and grid-side reactor current signals, then carrying out corresponding processing, finally obtaining PWM signals for controlling a power switch of a grid-side converter, monitoring the direct-current bus voltage, and opening a direct-current bus chopper circuit when the direct-current bus voltage exceeds the limit of a safety door. The invention can realize that the electric energy generated by the generator is completely fed into the power grid under the condition that the power grid has high-voltage fault, and realize the high-voltage fault ride-through of the wind generating set.

Description

Fan high voltage ride through control system based on direct current bus voltage regulation
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wind power generation variable current control, in particular to a fan high voltage ride through control system based on direct current bus voltage regulation.
Background
Wind energy is a clean renewable energy source, in recent years, the wind power generation technology is rapidly developed, the capacity of a unit is continuously increased, and the installed capacity of wind power is rapidly increased. Due to large-scale wind power integration, the permeability of wind power in a power grid is continuously improved, and in order to ensure stable and reliable operation of a power system, related national departments and industry associations successively develop a series of industry standards for wind power to be connected into the power grid, and a wind generating set is required to have strong fault ride-through capability. The high voltage ride through capability of the wind turbine generator is an important content in the blower clapping ride through capability.
When the grid fails to cause overvoltage at the grid-connected point of the wind turbine generator, the capability of the wind turbine generator for feeding active power into the grid through the converter is weakened. When the overvoltage of the power grid voltage is not serious, the unit can directly ride through the fault. However, when the overvoltage is serious, because the inertia of the fan is large, if a targeted control strategy is not adopted, the unit is likely to be disconnected due to the overvoltage or overcurrent of the converter. In extreme cases, the unit may overspeed, resulting in overload operation of the drive train, and even possible damage to the full power converter. Therefore, the full-power converter needs to design a special control strategy aiming at the high-voltage fault of the power grid, and the high-voltage fault ride-through capability of the unit is improved.
The existing wind power converter generally selects high-voltage-withstanding large-current IGBT or IGCT and other semiconductor devices as power switches, and in order to realize electric energy conversion of the converter with high efficiency, safety and reliability, a larger safety margin is generally reserved for the voltage of a direct-current bus selected by the converter during normal operation. When the voltage of the power grid is normal, the voltage of the direct-current bus meets the requirement that the converter generates power to the grid-connected mode of the power grid. However, when a high-voltage fault occurs in the power grid, the grid-side converter cannot feed all the electric energy generated by the generator into the power grid due to the limitation of the maximum modulation ratio because the voltage of the direct-current bus is not high enough. Many researchers have proposed many solutions, many of which adopt a chopper (chopper circuit) for discharging energy and some of which adopt a targeted control strategy, but the control process of the control strategy is complicated and brings adverse effects such as passive boost and even runaway of the voltage of the dc bus.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to realize high-voltage fault ride-through of a conventional wind turbine generator, the invention provides a full-power wind power converter high-voltage ride-through system based on direct-current bus voltage regulation.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a fan high-voltage ride-through control system based on direct-current bus voltage regulation comprises a signal acquisition module, a power grid voltage positive-negative sequence separation module, a power grid voltage phase-locking module, a direct-current bus voltage setting unit, a reactive current setting module, a direct-current bus voltage control unit, a direct-current bus protection control unit and a network side current control unit.
The signal acquisition module is used for acquiring direct-current bus voltage, power grid three-phase voltage and a network side converter reactance current signal and carrying out signal filtering processing;
and the power grid voltage positive and negative sequence separation module is used for performing positive and negative sequence separation on the three-phase voltage of the power grid and calculating to obtain the positive sequence voltage and the negative sequence voltage of the power grid.
And the grid voltage phase locking module is used for locking the phase of the grid voltage by adopting the grid positive sequence voltage to obtain a grid voltage phase angle and a grid voltage vector rotation speed.
And the direct-current bus voltage setting unit judges whether the power grid has overvoltage faults or not according to the positive sequence voltage obtained by the power grid voltage positive and negative sequence separation module.
The specific way for judging whether the power grid has the overvoltage fault by the direct-current bus voltage given unit is as follows: when the power grid has no overvoltage fault, setting the direct current bus voltage as a given value of the normal direct current bus voltage; and when the power grid has an over-high voltage fault, the voltage given value of the direct-current bus is increased according to the positive sequence voltage amplitude of the power grid.
Further, the deviation between the given voltage output by the direct current bus voltage given unit and the direct current bus voltage is the bus voltage deviation.
And the direct current bus voltage control unit performs PID calculation according to the bus voltage deviation, and the PID calculation result is subjected to amplitude limiting to obtain an active current given value.
And the reactive current given unit calculates to obtain a reactive current given value according to the positive sequence voltage overvoltage condition of the power grid and related national standards. The national standard is GB/T36995-2018 wind generating set fault voltage ride through capability test regulation.
Input signals of the grid-side current control unit comprise an active current set value output by the direct-current bus voltage control module, a reactive current set value output by the reactive current set module, a grid voltage phase angle output by the grid voltage phase-locking module, a grid voltage vector rotation speed output by the grid voltage phase-locking module and a grid-side reactor current, and finally PWM signals for controlling a power switch of the grid-side converter are obtained through closed-loop operation (namely, automatic control closed-loop operation, and an adopted controller can enable a proportional controller, a proportional integral derivative controller or other types of controllers).
The direct-current bus protection control unit is used for monitoring the voltage of the direct-current bus in real time, and controlling the chopper circuit of the direct-current bus to be switched on when the voltage of the direct-current bus exceeds a safety threshold value, so that the converter is prevented from being damaged due to overhigh voltage of the direct-current bus, and even the safe operation of the wind turbine generator is prevented from being influenced.
And the direct-current bus voltage given unit determines to obtain a final direct-current bus voltage given value according to the positive sequence voltage.
Specifically, the direct-current bus voltage given value generator is provided with a direct-current bus voltage generator, the input positive sequence voltage of the power grid is determined to obtain a direct-current bus voltage given initial value through the direct-current bus voltage given value generator, and the direct-current bus voltage given initial value is limited by a direct-current bus voltage given slope to obtain a final direct-current bus voltage given value.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention can realize that the electric energy generated by the generator is completely fed into the power grid under the condition that the power grid has high-voltage fault, thereby realizing the effect of high-voltage fault ride-through of the wind generating set; the wind power converter can be effectively prevented from being broken down or damaged under the condition of high voltage fault, and the reliability and the usability of the converter are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a full power wind generating set system.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a full-power wind power converter control system in the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the system architecture of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of a dc bus voltage setting module according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the nonlinear element of the dc bus voltage set-point generator of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the figures and examples.
As shown in fig. 1, a full power wind generating set system: the wind power generator is driven by the rotation of the fan through absorbing wind energy to generate electricity, the generator side converter of the full-power wind power converter converts alternating current with variable frequency and voltage generated by the generator into direct current, and the grid side converter of the full-power wind power converter converts the direct current into alternating current to feed the alternating current into a power grid. When the voltage of a power grid has an overvoltage fault, the machine side converter control system and the grid side converter control system control the machine side converter and the grid side converter to pass through the high-voltage fault, and when the voltage of a direct-current bus is larger than the voltage threshold of the direct-current bus, the Chopper control system controls the Chopper of the full-power wind power converter to work, so that the converter is prevented from being damaged due to overhigh voltage of the direct-current bus.
As shown in fig. 2, the full-power wind power converter mainly comprises a machine side converter, a Chopper, a direct current bus and a grid side converter, and the full-power wind power converter control system comprises a signal detection unit, a direct current bus voltage control unit, a grid side current control unit, a Chopper control unit and a machine side control unit. Wherein:
and the signal detection unit is responsible for acquiring signals of the converter and filtering the signals, wherein the signals comprise three-phase voltage and three-phase current of the generator, three-phase current of the network side reactor, direct-current power grid voltage and direct-current bus voltage.
And the machine side control unit is used for directly controlling the machine side converter.
And the direct-current bus voltage control unit determines a direct-current bus voltage given value according to the direct-current power grid voltage acquired by the signal detection unit and calculates the network side current active given value through a PID (proportion integration differentiation) controller.
And the grid-side current control unit performs closed-loop control budget according to the set value of the grid-connected current, calculates to obtain a PWM control signal of the grid-side converter finally and completes direct control of the grid-side converter.
And the Chopper control unit is used for directly controlling the Chopper.
As shown in fig. 3, the fan high voltage ride through control system for the full-power wind turbine generator system includes a signal acquisition module, a grid voltage positive-negative sequence separation module, a grid voltage phase-locked module, a dc bus voltage setting unit, a reactive current setting module, a dc bus voltage control unit, and a grid-side current control unit, and the control system is adjusted based on the dc bus voltage.
The control system mainly comprises:
the signal acquisition module is mainly used for acquiring three-phase current of the network side reactor, three-phase voltage of a power grid and direct-current bus voltage, and outputting signals after filtering processing.
And the power grid voltage positive and negative sequence separation module is used for carrying out positive and negative sequence separation on the power grid three-phase voltage acquired by the signal acquisition module to obtain the power grid positive sequence voltage and the power grid negative sequence voltage.
The direct-current bus voltage given unit calculates a direct-current bus voltage given value through a direct-current bus voltage given value generator according to the obtained power grid positive sequence voltage, the direct-current bus voltage given value subtracts the direct-current bus voltage to obtain direct-current bus voltage deviation, and a direct-current bus voltage control module obtains an active current given value through PID operation according to the direct-current bus voltage deviation.
And the grid voltage phase locking module calculates a grid voltage phase angle theta and a grid voltage vector rotating speed omega according to the grid positive sequence voltage.
And the reactive given module calculates to obtain a reactive current given value according to the positive sequence voltage and the negative sequence voltage of the power grid and by combining with the requirements of relevant national standards. The national standard is GB/T36995-2018 wind generating set fault voltage ride-through capability test regulation, and the reactive current given value can be obtained according to the content of 2) in 5.2 b) of the regulation by a calculation formula.
Input signals of the grid-side current control unit comprise an active current set value output by the direct-current bus voltage control module, a reactive current set value output by the reactive current set module, a phase angle theta output by the grid voltage phase-locking module and a grid voltage vector rotating speed omega, and PWM signals for controlling the grid-side converter are obtained through closed-loop control calculation. When the direct-current bus voltage is larger than the direct-current voltage threshold value, the direct-current bus protection control unit controls the Chopper circuit to be switched on, and the Chopper resistance consumes energy to prevent the direct-current bus voltage from continuously rising and further damaging the converter.
As shown in fig. 4, the dc bus voltage given value generator is provided with a dc bus voltage generator, and the input grid positive sequence voltage is determined by the dc bus voltage given value generator and then outputs a dc bus voltage given initial value; and the given initial value of the direct current bus voltage is limited by the given slope of the direct current bus voltage to obtain the final given value of the direct current bus voltage.
The direct-current bus voltage given value generator is a nonlinear link calculator. As shown in fig. 5, the horizontal axis is the power grid voltage, the vertical axis is the dc bus voltage given value, and the nonlinear link of the dc bus voltage given value generator mainly includes the following forms, from the general trend, when the power grid voltage does not exceed the rated power grid voltage, the dc bus voltage given value is the rated dc bus voltage value, and when the power grid voltage exceeds the power grid rated voltage, the dc bus voltage given value increases.
When the power grid has a high-voltage fault, the direct-current bus voltage set value is increased through the direct-current bus voltage set value generator, and the direct-current bus voltage is increased finally through the direct-current bus voltage control module and the grid-side current control unit. After the voltage of the direct-current bus is increased, the alternating-current voltage obtained by modulating the grid-side converter is increased, so that the electric energy generated by the generator is completely fed into the power grid under the condition that the power grid has a high-voltage fault, and the high-voltage fault ride-through of the wind generating set is realized.

Claims (6)

1. The utility model provides a fan high voltage ride through control system based on direct current bus voltage adjusts which characterized in that: the system comprises a signal acquisition module, a power grid voltage positive and negative sequence separation module, a power grid voltage phase locking module, a direct current bus voltage setting unit, a reactive current setting module, a direct current bus voltage control unit, a direct current bus protection control unit and a network side current control unit;
the signal acquisition module is used for acquiring direct-current bus voltage, power grid three-phase voltage and current signals of the grid-side reactor and performing signal filtering processing;
the power grid voltage positive and negative sequence separation module is used for carrying out positive and negative sequence separation on the three-phase voltage of the power grid and calculating to obtain the positive sequence voltage and the negative sequence voltage of the power grid;
the power grid voltage phase locking module is used for locking the phase of the power grid voltage by adopting the power grid positive sequence voltage to obtain a power grid voltage phase angle and a power grid voltage vector rotation speed;
the direct-current bus voltage given unit judges whether the power grid has overvoltage faults or not according to the positive sequence voltage obtained by the power grid voltage positive and negative sequence separation module, and determines to obtain a final direct-current bus voltage given value according to the positive sequence voltage; the direct-current bus voltage given unit is provided with a direct-current bus voltage given value generator, the input positive sequence voltage of the power grid is determined to obtain a direct-current bus voltage given initial value through the direct-current bus voltage given value generator, and the direct-current bus voltage given initial value is limited by a direct-current bus voltage given slope to obtain a final direct-current bus voltage given value;
the reactive current given module is used for obtaining a reactive current given value;
the direct current bus voltage control unit performs PID calculation according to the bus voltage deviation, and the PID calculation result is subjected to amplitude limiting to obtain an active current given value;
the network side current control unit finally obtains a PWM signal for controlling a power switch of the network side converter through closed-loop operation according to the input signal;
and the direct-current bus protection control unit is used for monitoring the voltage of the direct-current bus in real time and controlling the chopper circuit of the direct-current bus to be switched on when the voltage of the direct-current bus exceeds a safety threshold value.
2. The fan high voltage ride through control system based on direct current bus voltage regulation of claim 1, characterized in that: the specific way for the direct-current bus voltage given unit to judge whether the power grid has the overvoltage fault is as follows: when the power grid has no overvoltage fault, setting the voltage of the direct current bus as a given value of the normal direct current bus voltage; and when the power grid has an over-high voltage fault, the voltage given value of the direct-current bus is increased according to the positive sequence voltage amplitude of the power grid.
3. The fan high voltage ride through control system based on direct current bus voltage regulation of claim 1, characterized in that: and the deviation between the given voltage output by the direct current bus voltage given unit and the direct current bus voltage is the bus voltage deviation.
4. The fan high voltage ride through control system based on direct current bus voltage regulation of claim 1, characterized in that: and the reactive current given module calculates to obtain a reactive current given value according to the positive sequence voltage overvoltage condition of the power grid and related national standards.
5. The fan high voltage ride through control system based on direct current bus voltage regulation of claim 4, characterized in that: the national standard is GB/T36995-2018 wind generating set fault voltage ride through capability test regulation.
6. The fan high voltage ride through control system based on direct current bus voltage regulation of claim 1, characterized in that: the input signals of the network side current control unit comprise an active current set value output by the direct current bus voltage control module, a reactive current set value output by the reactive current set module, a network voltage phase angle output by the network voltage phase locking module, a network voltage vector rotation speed output by the network voltage phase locking module and network side reactor current.
CN202010898707.4A 2020-08-31 2020-08-31 Fan high voltage ride through control system based on direct current bus voltage regulation Active CN112134302B (en)

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CN107069809A (en) * 2017-04-10 2017-08-18 湘潭电机股份有限公司 A kind of directly driven wind-powered current transformer high voltage crossing control method
CN108667033A (en) * 2018-04-20 2018-10-16 中国东方电气集团有限公司 Wind electric converter high voltage crossing control method and device based on Hysteresis control
CN109995068A (en) * 2017-12-29 2019-07-09 北京金风科创风电设备有限公司 Fault ride-through control apparatus and method
CN110048594A (en) * 2019-06-10 2019-07-23 三一重能有限公司 A kind of protective device and wind power generating set of current transformer

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WO2012022353A2 (en) * 2010-08-18 2012-02-23 Vestas Wind Systems A/S Method of controlling a grid side converter of a wind turbine and system suitable therefore
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CN107069809A (en) * 2017-04-10 2017-08-18 湘潭电机股份有限公司 A kind of directly driven wind-powered current transformer high voltage crossing control method
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