CN104821065A - Mountain disaster monitoring, forecasting and early warning system - Google Patents
Mountain disaster monitoring, forecasting and early warning system Download PDFInfo
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- CN104821065A CN104821065A CN201510042319.5A CN201510042319A CN104821065A CN 104821065 A CN104821065 A CN 104821065A CN 201510042319 A CN201510042319 A CN 201510042319A CN 104821065 A CN104821065 A CN 104821065A
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G08B—SIGNALLING OR CALLING SYSTEMS; ORDER TELEGRAPHS; ALARM SYSTEMS
- G08B21/00—Alarms responsive to a single specified undesired or abnormal condition and not otherwise provided for
- G08B21/02—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons
- G08B21/10—Alarms for ensuring the safety of persons responsive to calamitous events, e.g. tornados or earthquakes
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Abstract
The invention discloses a mountain disaster monitoring, forecasting and early warning system which is characterized by comprising a data acquisition system, a data transmission system, a data processing center and an early warning system. The data acquisition system is used for collecting relevant data information and transmitting the relevant data information to the data processing center through the data transmission system. The data processing center analyzes and processes the transmitted data and stores the data. The early warning system judges whether to carry out an early warning operation or not according to the processing result of the data processing center. The system belongs to early warning and an early warning method based on a disaster forming mechanism and a disaster forming process, the precision is high, the false alarm rate is low, the construction cost of the whole set of system is low, the system is easy to realize and is promoted to hydropower, transportation, and city monitoring and early warning practices through experiments, and significant disaster reduction benefit and social and economic benefit are obtained.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of mountain region disaster monitoring and forecasting and early warning field, especially a kind of mountain region disaster monitoring and forecasting and early warning system.
Background technology
Rubble flow is multi-point and wide-ranging geologic hazard, frequently occurs in recent years, mud-stone flow disasters as a large amount of in three the valley ditches in Chinese 2010 Zhouqu County, peaceful civilian family ditch etc., causes Chinese more than 2900 death then missing; Washington state landslide in 2014 is converted into mud-stone flow disaster and makes the dead missing imperial scale mud-stone flow disaster of 45 people show that its task of taking precautions against natural calamities is still very arduous.Because the investment of engineering Disaster Prevention Measures is high, the cycle is long, only can solve part Problems of Disaster Preparedness And Reduction in a short time; For disastrous rubble flow, monitoring and warning has that cost is low, the duration is short, the feature of instant effect.Be current most economical effective mitigation means, particularly can avoid a large amount of casualties.
The key issue existed comprises:
(1) effective recognition methods is lacked to potential rubble flow landslide, cannot effectively predict it and monitor;
(2) lacking the early warning based on formation mechanism of disaster and forecasting procedure, still there is the not high problem of precision in the traditional statistical method of main dependence and single critical quantity of precipitation index in actual applications;
(3) monitoring equipment exists expensive, economic and practical difference and poor stability, the problem that fiduciary level is low.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art, provide a kind of mountain region disaster monitoring and forecasting and early warning system at this, based on early warning and the forecasting procedure of formation mechanism of disaster and disaster process, precision is high, rate of false alarm is low, and it is lower that whole system builds expense, is easy to realize; Extend to the monitoring and warning practice in water power, traffic and cities and towns by experiment, achieve remarkable Benefits of Disaster Reduction and economic results in society.
The present invention is achieved in that a kind of mountain region disaster monitoring and forecasting of structure and early warning system, it is characterized in that: this system comprises data acquisition system (DAS), data transmission system, data processing centre (DPC), early warning system;
Data acquisition system (DAS) is for gathering related data information and transferring to data processing centre (DPC) by data transmission system, and data processing centre (DPC) communicates with early warning system, according to the result of data processing centre (DPC), early warning system carries out whether early warning operates.
According to mountain region disaster monitoring and forecasting of the present invention and early warning system, it is characterized in that:
Data acquisition system (DAS) comprises respectively: rain sensor, mud level sensor, hole are containing water sensor, infra-acoustic vibration sensor;
Data transmission system is made up of Beidou satellite communication system and GPRS/GSM communication network; Data processing centre (DPC) has Beidou satellite communication receiving terminal and data server;
Rain sensor, mud level sensor, hole connect with corresponding data collection station respectively containing water sensor, infra-acoustic vibration sensor, and for gathering relevant information, data collection station is connected with long-distance radio communication terminal, Beidou satellite communication terminal;
Long-distance radio communication terminal is realized and data processing centre's data communication by GPRS/GSM communication network accessing Internet network;
Beidou satellite communication terminal, by Beidou satellite communication system and the wireless connections of Beidou satellite communication receiving terminal, realizes the data communication with data processing centre (DPC);
Early warning system has short message warning gateway, can send early warning information to personnel's mobile phone.
According to mountain region disaster monitoring and forecasting of the present invention and early warning system, it is characterized in that: also comprise field Power supply system for powering to data acquisition system (DAS), field Power supply system comprises accumulator and solar electric power supply system.
According to mountain region disaster monitoring and forecasting of the present invention and early warning system, it is characterized in that:
Prediction and early warning realization flow as follows:
(1) by rubble flow early prediction, predict whether disaster may occur; If likely there is disaster, carry out rubble flow previous rainfall amount monitoring and warning; Cannot then not need to carry out;
(2) whether rubble flow previous rainfall amount monitoring and warning, reach threshold value of warning, do not reach, and continues monitoring; If reached, carry out rubble flow start-up course monitoring and warning;
(3) whether rubble flow start-up course monitoring and warning, reach threshold value of warning, do not reach, and rubble flow does not start and continues monitoring; If reached, carry out mud-rock flow movement process monitoring early warning;
(4) whether mud-rock flow movement process monitoring early warning, reach threshold value of warning, do not reach, and but rubble flow has started small continuation monitoring; If reached, carry out rubble flow and face calamity monitoring and warning;
(5) rubble flow faces calamity monitoring and warning, whether reaches threshold value of warning, does not reach, and but rubble flow has started small continuation monitoring; If reached, notice hazardous location personnel withdraw.
The invention has the advantages that: 1) this method is the early stage dynamic early-warning system based on debris flow formation master control condition; 2) this method establishes the rubble flow landslides startup multi objective method for early warning based on based on precipitation, hole pressure and water cut, determine from Debris flow initiation to confluxing again to the threshold value of warning caused disaster, define the monitoring and warning system of multistage multi objective, improve early warning precision; 3) this method is the real-time system for monitoring and pre-warning of many equipment.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is monitoring and forecasting of the present invention and early warning system overall schematic
Fig. 2 is that monitoring and forecasting of the present invention and early warning system implement schematic diagram
Fig. 3 is operational scheme schematic diagram of the present invention
Fig. 4 is early warning schematic flow sheet
Fig. 5 is mud-stone flow disaster method for early prediction block diagram
Wherein: data acquisition system (DAS) 1, rain sensor 1a, mud level sensor 1b, hole is containing water sensor 1c, infra-acoustic vibration sensor 1d, data transmission system 2, Beidou satellite communication system 2a, GPRS/GSM communication network 2b, data processing centre (DPC) 3, Beidou satellite communication receiving terminal 3a, early warning system 4, short message warning gateway 4a, field Power supply system 5, accumulator 5a, solar electric power supply system 5b, data collection station 6, long-distance radio communication terminal 7, Beidou satellite communication terminal 8.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 1-5, the present invention is described in detail, is clearly and completely described the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention, and obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtained under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
The invention provides a kind of mountain region disaster monitoring and forecasting and early warning system, implemented in the following manner:
As Figure 1-3: this system comprises data acquisition system (DAS) 1, data transmission system 2, data processing centre (DPC) 3, early warning system 4; Data acquisition system (DAS) 1 is for gathering related data information and transferring to data processing centre (DPC) 3 by data transmission system 2, and data processing centre (DPC) 3 communicates with early warning system 4, according to the result of data processing centre (DPC) 3, early warning system 4 carries out whether early warning operates; Also comprise field Power supply system 5 for powering to data acquisition system (DAS) 1, field Power supply system 5 comprises accumulator 5a and solar electric power supply system 5b.
Described mountain region disaster monitoring and forecasting and early warning system, data acquisition system (DAS) 1 comprises respectively: rain sensor 1a, mud level sensor 1b, hole are containing water sensor 1c, infra-acoustic vibration sensor 1d; Data transmission system 2 is made up of Beidou satellite communication system 2a and GPRS/GSM communication network 2b; Data processing centre (DPC) 3 has Beidou satellite communication receiving terminal 3a and data server; Rain sensor 1a, mud level sensor 1b, hole connect with corresponding data collection station 6 respectively containing water sensor 1c, infra-acoustic vibration sensor 1d, for gathering relevant information, data collection station 6 is connected with long-distance radio communication terminal 7, Beidou satellite communication terminal 8; Long-distance radio communication terminal 7 is realized and data processing centre (DPC) 3 data communication by GPRS/GSM communication network 2b accessing Internet network; Beidou satellite communication terminal 8, by Beidou satellite communication system 2a and Beidou satellite communication receiving terminal 3a wireless connections, realizes the data communication with data processing centre (DPC) 3; Early warning system 4 has short message warning gateway 4a, can send early warning information to personnel's mobile phone.
Operational scheme is as follows:
(1) by rubble flow early prediction, predict whether disaster may occur; If likely there is disaster, carry out rubble flow previous rainfall amount monitoring and warning; Cannot then not need to carry out;
(2) whether rubble flow previous rainfall amount monitoring and warning, reach threshold value of warning, do not reach, and continues monitoring; If reached, carry out rubble flow start-up course monitoring and warning;
(3) whether rubble flow start-up course monitoring and warning, reach threshold value of warning, do not reach, and rubble flow does not start and continues monitoring; If reached, carry out mud-rock flow movement process monitoring early warning;
(4) whether mud-rock flow movement process monitoring early warning, reach threshold value of warning, do not reach, and but rubble flow has started small continuation monitoring; If reached, carry out rubble flow and face calamity monitoring and warning;
(5) rubble flow faces calamity monitoring and warning, whether reaches threshold value of warning, does not reach, and but rubble flow has started small continuation monitoring; If reached, notice hazardous location personnel withdraw.
Mud-stone flow disaster monitoring and warning example:
White crane beach, black East Germany power station rubble flow prediction and warning technical examples
It is domestic that power station, white crane beach is positioned at Ningnan County, Sichuan Province and Qiaojia County, Yunnan Province, second step hydropower station of downstream, Jinsha jiang River section, master stream cascade development, have to generate electricity as master, have flood control, sediment trapping concurrently, improve the comprehensive benefit such as Downstream Navigation condition and development reservoir area navigation.Reservoir operation scheme 825 meters, corresponding storage capacity 179 billion cubic meter, aggregate storage capacity 188 billion cubic meter.Underground power house is equipped with 16 units, just intends installed capacity 1,400 ten thousand kilowatts, Mean annual energy production 602.4 hundred million kilowatt hour.Power station is planned major project in 2013 and is formally gone into operation, first batch of unit generation in 2018, the year two thousand twenty Practical Completion.After power station is built up, will be only second to the three gorges hydropower plant becomes Chinese second largest power station.
Crow East Germany power station is positioned on the river course, Jinsha jiang River of Huidong County, Sichuan and boundary, Luquan, Yunnan Province county, it is the first step of Jinshajiang Hydropower Base lower reache four big world level Huge Power Station-black East Germany, power station, white crane beach, Xi Luo Du reservoir and Xiangjiabahydropower project, upper apart from 253 kilometers, kwan-yin rock power station, lower to 180 kilometers, power station, white crane beach.Water catching area 40.61 ten thousand square kilometres, accounts for 86% of Drainage Area of Jinsha River area; Average annual flow 3810 cubes of meter per seconds, run-off 1200 billion cubic meter.Establish water storage level 975 meters, aggregate storage capacity 76 billion cubic meter at the beginning of crow East Germany reservoir, regulate storage capacity 26 billion cubic meter, storage capacity 14.5 billion cubic meter.Installed capacity of power station 8,700,000 kilowatts, average annual energy generation about 38,700,000,000 kilowatt hour.
Main research
:white crane beach, black East Germany power station rubble flow prediction and warning technology are based on the needs of preventing and reducing natural disasters of white crane beach, the construction of hydropower stations of black East Germany and operation, in conjunction with basic survey, the index study that causes disaster, high-new monitoring and warning technology, realize the region early stage performance prediction real-time process early warning of hydroelectric project key area mud-stone flow disaster, carry out monitoring and warning demonstration, build mud-stone flow disaster monitoring and warning platform, and carry out rubble flow and to prevent and reduce natural disasters training, for construction of hydropower plant and the engineering of operation phase and personal security escort.
Mud-stone flow disaster database establishment and rubble flow danger are studied: having on statistics, the basis that arranges and check to study area, carry out probe and the cataloguing of rubble flow in study area, set up the mud-stone flow disaster database of the feature such as history, the origin cause of formation, character, scale based on the formation of rubble flow, motion, accumulation and rubble flow; Survey data is analyzed, in conjunction with the impact of rubble flow on aspects such as mankind's activity, social economy, ecologic environments, carry out single-gully mud-rock flow liability, danger (harm object, disastrous risk) assessment, and liability and dangerous comprehensive sub-areas are carried out to study area rubble flow; The basis of mud-stone flow disaster database analysis is carried out rubble flow Critical Rainfall index study, for rubble flow early prediction, Monitoring and forecasting system in real-time, long term monitoring early warning provide data supporting and service.
Rubble flow early prediction system: under the seismic activity before research debris flow occurrence and extreme climate and mankind's activity background, set up the early stage dynamic prediction model of region rubble flow; Based on the analysis of single-gully mud-rock flow formation condition, carry out checking of the features such as thing source, mankind's activity, carry out single-gully mud-rock flow liability performance prediction (achievement in research by sub-problem one); The early stage performance prediction of general area rubble flow and single-gully mud-rock flow liability performance prediction, set up the early stage performance prediction assessment models of rubble flow.Year-by-year carries out the rubble flow liability early prediction of zones of different different accuracy, specifically comprises: the 1) early prediction of DEBRIS FLOW IN THE UPPER REACHES OF CHANGJIANG RIVER, proposes the emphasis target area that rubble flow is easily sent out: area about 1,000,000 km
2, half size scale 000,000; 2) at the early stage performance prediction of rubble flow in white crane beach, upstream, Jinsha jiang River and black East Germany power station, half size scale 00,000 or 1:40 ten thousand; 3) calmodulin binding domain CaM and single-gully mud-rock flow liability performance prediction.
Rubble flow Monitoring and forecasting system in real-time threshold value: by statistics, numerical simulation calculation, the field prototype experiment of the rainfall of concrete mud-stone flow disaster event, the monitoring and warning index of the startup of research and application catchment basin of debris flow and motion process, specifically comprise quantity of precipitation threshold value, pore water pressure, the Changing Pattern of water cut and threshold value, mudstone miscarriage Process of Confluence threshold value, rubble flow causes disaster dangerous threshold value, sets up corresponding pre-warning indexes system.
The real-time system for monitoring and pre-warning demonstration of rubble flow: to start according to mud-stone flow disaster, motion and the feature of disaster process, sets up the comprehensive real-time system for monitoring and pre-warning of the characteristic parameters such as calamity feature that move based on precipitation, soil body hole pressure, water content of soil, vibration, disaster body, face.And select power station, white crane beach short person's ditch, great Zhai Gou, the demonstration of debris flow monitoring pre-warning system is carried out in flower gully, crow East Germany power station, lower white beach ditch, adopt advanced rubble flow monitoring sensor and power communications equipment, rubble flow Real-Time Monitoring, transmission and early warning under guarantee adverse weather condition.Meanwhile, set up the early warning platform of set early prediction and debris flow formation motion process Real-Time Monitoring, according to the threshold trait index in formation campaign each stage of rubble flow, set up rubble flow and face calamity advanced warning grade Classification Index, standard.And lay situation according to the website of different raceway groove, realize 5-15 minute give warning in advance.
To the above-mentioned explanation of the disclosed embodiments, professional and technical personnel in the field are realized or uses the present invention.To be apparent for those skilled in the art to the multiple amendment of these embodiments, General Principle as defined herein can without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention, realize in other embodiments.Therefore, the present invention can not be restricted to these embodiments shown in this article, but will meet the widest scope consistent with principle disclosed herein and features of novelty.
Claims (4)
1. mountain region disaster monitoring and forecasting and an early warning system, is characterized in that: this system comprises data acquisition system (DAS) (1), data transmission system (2), data processing centre (DPC) (3), early warning system (4);
Data acquisition system (DAS) (1) is for gathering related data information and transferring to data processing centre (DPC) (3) by data transmission system (2), data processing centre (DPC) (3) communicates with early warning system (4), according to the result of data processing centre (DPC) (3), early warning system (4) carries out whether early warning operates.
2. mountain region disaster monitoring and forecasting and early warning system according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
Data acquisition system (DAS) (1) comprises respectively: rain sensor (1a), mud level sensor (1b), hole are containing water sensor (1c), infra-acoustic vibration sensor (1d);
Data transmission system (2) is made up of Beidou satellite communication system (2a) and GPRS/GSM communication network (2b); Data processing centre (DPC) (3) has Beidou satellite communication receiving terminal (3a) and data server;
Rain sensor (1a), mud level sensor (1b), hole connect with corresponding data collection station (6) respectively containing water sensor (1c), infra-acoustic vibration sensor (1d), for gathering relevant information, data collection station (6) is connected with long-distance radio communication terminal (7), Beidou satellite communication terminal (8);
Long-distance radio communication terminal (7) is realized and data processing centre (DPC) (3) data communication by GPRS/GSM communication network (2b) accessing Internet network;
Beidou satellite communication terminal (8), by Beidou satellite communication system (2a) and Beidou satellite communication receiving terminal (3a) wireless connections, realizes the data communication with data processing centre (DPC) (3);
Early warning system (4) has short message warning gateway (4a), can send early warning information to personnel's mobile phone.
3. mountain region disaster monitoring and forecasting and early warning system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: also comprise field Power supply system (5) for powering to data acquisition system (DAS) (1), field Power supply system (5) comprises accumulator (5a) and solar electric power supply system (5b).
4. mountain region disaster monitoring and forecasting and early warning system according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
Prediction and early warning realization flow as follows:
(1) by rubble flow early prediction, predict whether disaster may occur; If likely there is disaster, carry out rubble flow previous rainfall amount monitoring and warning; Cannot then not need to carry out;
(2) whether rubble flow previous rainfall amount monitoring and warning, reach threshold value of warning, do not reach, and continues monitoring; If reached, carry out rubble flow start-up course monitoring and warning;
(3) whether rubble flow start-up course monitoring and warning, reach threshold value of warning, do not reach, and rubble flow does not start and continues monitoring; If reached, carry out mud-rock flow movement process monitoring early warning;
(4) whether mud-rock flow movement process monitoring early warning, reach threshold value of warning, do not reach, and but rubble flow has started small continuation monitoring; If reached, carry out rubble flow and face calamity monitoring and warning;
(5) rubble flow faces calamity monitoring and warning, whether reaches threshold value of warning, does not reach, and but rubble flow has started small continuation monitoring; If reached, notice hazardous location personnel withdraw.
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| CN105069985A (en) * | 2015-08-19 | 2015-11-18 | 湖北高通空间技术有限责任公司 | System and method for monitoring geological disaster based on Internet technology |
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| CN108154651A (en) * | 2018-01-29 | 2018-06-12 | 西安工程大学 | A kind of device and method for landslide disaster Monitoring and forecasting system in real-time |
| CN108717772A (en) * | 2018-07-18 | 2018-10-30 | 湖北思高科技发展有限公司 | A kind of geological disaster monitoring system based on Internet of Things |
| CN109035709A (en) * | 2018-09-13 | 2018-12-18 | 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | A kind of method for early warning, the apparatus and system of mountain torrents mud-rock flow |
| CN109166280A (en) * | 2018-09-29 | 2019-01-08 | 成都理工大学 | A kind of EARLY RECOGNITION method and its application of meizoseismal area mud-rock flow |
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| CN105069985A (en) * | 2015-08-19 | 2015-11-18 | 湖北高通空间技术有限责任公司 | System and method for monitoring geological disaster based on Internet technology |
| CN105279903A (en) * | 2015-10-27 | 2016-01-27 | 西南民族大学 | Flush flood and debris flow warning method based on pore water pressure monitoring |
| CN105279903B (en) * | 2015-10-27 | 2017-09-15 | 西南民族大学 | A kind of mountain torrents debris flow early-warning method based on monitoring pore water pressure |
| CN105678967A (en) * | 2016-04-20 | 2016-06-15 | 国家电网公司 | Debris flow early warning system based on satellite remote sensing image |
| CN107784792A (en) * | 2016-08-24 | 2018-03-09 | 南京易周能源科技有限公司 | A kind of mountain landslide supervision early warning system |
| CN106644381A (en) * | 2016-12-23 | 2017-05-10 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Monitoring system for water current induced ground vibration |
| WO2019015320A1 (en) * | 2017-07-20 | 2019-01-24 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Incident processing method and device |
| CN108122376A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-06-05 | 北京国电高科科技有限公司 | A kind of seismic monitoring early warning system and method |
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