CN104813538A - 用于附接至无线通信终端的反射器布置 - Google Patents
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
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- H01Q1/243—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles with receiving set used in mobile communications, e.g. GSM specially adapted for hand-held use with built-in antennas
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q19/00—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic
- H01Q19/10—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces
- H01Q19/18—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces having two or more spaced reflecting surfaces
- H01Q19/19—Combinations of primary active antenna elements and units with secondary devices, e.g. with quasi-optical devices, for giving the antenna a desired directional characteristic using reflecting surfaces having two or more spaced reflecting surfaces comprising one main concave reflecting surface associated with an auxiliary reflecting surface
Abstract
一种反射器布置(20、22),构造成用于附接至无线通信终端(4),该无线通信终端具有贴片天线。贴片天线包括设置成与接地层(42)成大致平行关系的贴片辐射器(28),且贴片天线产生具有预定射束宽度的辐射束。反射器布置构造成当附接至终端时产生相比于预定射束宽度具有减小的射束宽度的辐射束。反射器布置包括:主反射器(20)以及用于将辐射朝向主反射器(20)反射的副反射器(22),并且反射器布置构造成使得,在反射器布置附接至终端时,贴片天线用作用于副反射器(22)的馈送天线。副反射器(22)布置成用于收集来自贴片天线的辐射并且将朝向主反射器(20)反射射束,使得主反射器(20)产生具有减小的射束宽度的辐射束。
Description
技术领域
本发明总体涉及无线电频率天线布置,并且更具体但非排他地涉及这样一种反射器布置,该反射器布置用于附接至无线通信终端以增加用于在无线通信系统中微波频率辐射的传输和接收的天线增益。
背景技术
现代无线通信系统对用于传输和接收信号的天线具有大量需求。特别在固定无线接入系统(在该系统中可以以预定的定向安装被称为客户端设备的无线终端以用于与基站通信)中,可能要求的是天线产生具有良好限定的方向特性的辐射样式,从而减小至基站的路径损耗并且使得与邻近系统的干扰最小,而且还要求的是天线小并且制造起来是廉价的。
通常,无线通信终端可设置有内部天线,其位于该终端壳体之内。内部天线通常设计成对于大多数部署场景而言具有充分的增益,并且设计成在提供足够高增益以提供可靠链接的需求与制造的低成本和小尺寸之间的权衡。内部天线可为贴片天线(patch radiator),与地平面成大致平行的关系。然而,在一些部署场景中(例如当客户端远离基站时),可能要求比内部天线所设计成提供的更多的增益。
为了提供更多的增益,终端可装配有外部设备,以通过减小来自终端的辐射束的射束宽度(beamwidth)来增加天线的增益。在一个这样的布置中,终端可用于照射抛物线盘式反射器,该反射器布置成产生具有的射束宽度比终端产生的射束宽度更窄的射束。终端可被支撑在向盘前方延伸的臂上,与盘的一侧偏置以便不阻挡来自盘的辐射。然而,这样的布置通常是庞大的并且要求已安装好的天线改变定向。
在用以改进天线增益的可替换布置中,终端可装配有一设备,该设备具有盘式反射器以及微波供给组件,该微波供给组件包括由传输线连接在一起的两个天线。这两个天线中的一个为用于将至终端中的内部天线以及来自终端中的内部天线的无线电信号耦接的耦接件。另一天线为供给天线(通常为偶极子(dipole)),用以照射反射器盘使得盘式反射器可产生具有的射束宽度比由终端产生的射束宽度更窄的射束。耦接天线可为贴片天线,并且通常在内部天线的前方被保持紧靠终端的壳体。然而,该布置可能不会呈现出与终端中的传输器的良好阻抗匹配,使得信号可反射回到功率放大器中,从而潜在地导致所传输信号的扭曲。此外,该布置可为庞大的并且制造起来是昂贵的。
在另一可替换布置中,可在内部天线前方将电介质透镜装配至终端,以增加天线增益。然而,这通常要求使用大量的潜在昂贵的材料,并且可显著增加终端的重量。
本发明的目的是减轻现有技术的问题。
发明内容
本发明由所附权利要求限定。
根据本发明的一方面,提供一种反射器布置,构造成用于附接至无线通信终端,无线通信终端包括贴片天线,贴片天线包括设置成与接地层成大致平行关系的贴片辐射器,且贴片天线产生具有预定射束宽度的辐射束,并且反射器布置构造成当附接至终端时产生具有相比于预定射束宽度而言减小的射束宽度的辐射束,
反射器布置包括:
主反射器;以及
副反射器(sub-reflector),用于将辐射朝向主反射器反射,
其中,反射器布置构造成使得,在反射器布置附接至终端时,贴片天线为用于副反射器的馈送天线,并且其中,副反射器布置成用于收集来自贴片天线的辐射并且将朝向主反射器反射射束,使得主反射器产生具有减小的射束宽度的辐射束。
反射器布置的与作为用于副反射器的馈送天线的贴片天线一起使用的构造可提供紧凑的设计,这样的设计制造起来廉价并且可提供与贴片天线的良好阻抗匹配。
在下文描述中,通过仅仅以实例的方式给出的本发明优选实施例,本发明的其他特征和优点将变得显而易见。
附图说明
图1为根据本发明的一个实施例的反射器布置的示意性视图,示出了包括大致锥形部件的副反射器,该大致锥形部件具有朝向贴片天线延伸的尖端;
图2为用于对无线通信终端提供增加的天线增益的现有技术布置的示意性视图;
图3为根据现有技术的卡塞格伦天线(Cassegrain antenna)的示意性视图;
图4为根据本发明实施的反射器布置的示意性视图,示出了包括反射性屏障的副反射器,该反射性屏障围绕子反射的周界布置;
图5为根据本发明的一个实施例的反射器布置的示意性视图,示出了包括电介质环的反射器布置,该电介质环围绕副反射器的周界布置;
图6为根据本发明的一个实施例的当装配至无线通信终端时的反射器布置的示意性视图;
图7为根据本发明的一个实施例的反射器布置的视图,其中示出了无线通信终端从反射器布置移除;
图8为根据本发明的一个实施例的反射器布置的斜视图,断面示出了无线通信终端的适配;
图9为根据本发明的一个实施例的反射器布置的斜视图,其中示出了移除了无线终端;以及
图10为根据本发明的一个实施例的反射器布置的斜视图,其中示出了装配有无线终端。
具体实施方式
以实例的方式,现在将在根据IEEE 802.11a、b、g、n或ac标准操作的宽度固定无线接入无线电通信系统的背景下描述本发明的一个实施例。然而,应当理解的是,这仅仅是以实例的方式进行的,并且其他实施例可包括其他无线系统,并且可适用于点对点和点对多点系统以及根据蜂窝无线电标准操作的系统。
图1示出了本发明的一个实施例,其中反射器布置20、22构造成使得其附接至如所示的无线通信终端4。反射器布置具有主反射器20,并且终端中的内部天线(通常为贴片天线)充当用于副反射器22的馈送天线,其收集来自贴片天线28、42的辐射并且将辐射朝向主反射器20反射。主反射器成形为产生具有减小射束宽度以及因此更高天线增益的辐射束(与不与反射器布置一起使用时终端中的内部天线将具有的射束宽度和天线增益相比)。主反射器和副反射器的形状设计成与来自终端内部天线的辐射束的相和振幅特性结合作用,以从主反射器产生带有高增益和低旁瓣(side lobe)水平的主射束。
终端中的内部天线通常为贴片天线(patch antenna),其包括布置成与接地层(ground plane)42成平行关系的贴片辐射器28,接地层可为处于印刷电路板中的接地层。在贴片辐射器与接地层之间可存在电介质材料(诸如通常的印刷电路板基板,包括例如玻璃纤维和树脂的复合物),或者可存在空气电介质。贴片辐射器可例如为矩形的,其中一侧的长度为天线的操作频率下的波长的近似一半。并且通常通过具有限定的特征阻抗(通常为50欧姆)的馈送道附接至无线电收发器。贴片天线通常产生具有预定射束宽度的辐射束,其可例如方位角(azimuth,偏振角)为近似84度。当附接至终端时,该反射器布置可构造成产生具有与所述预定射束宽度相比而言减小的射束宽度的辐射束,其可例如方位角为近似14度。
贴片天线可为双偏振(polarisation)设备,其可构造成以两个正交偏振方式(例如竖直和水平偏振方式,或左旋和右旋圆偏振方式)中的一个或两个偏振方式传送和/或接收。该反射器布置可保留到贴片天线的辐射的偏振状态或者保留来自贴片天线的辐射的偏振状态。所以例如,如果贴片天线布置成传输竖直偏振,则反射器布置也可传输带有大致竖直偏振的辐射。
副反射器22通常具有反射表面,该反射表面可由沉积在基板上的金属化层形成,诸如模制塑料或树脂材料。如在图1中示意性示出的,发射表面的至少第一部分24为大致锥形的并且具有尖端(apex)。图1中的图示为截面视图,并且副反射器通常为旋转对称的,从而如示出为24的三角形截面表示三维中的锥形。如在图1中所示,反射器布置布置成使得,当如所示地附接至终端4时,尖端朝向贴片28、42延伸。副反射器的该形状具有减少从贴片天线接收的回到贴片天线的辐射反射的作用。这样的反射将具有减少返回损耗并且呈现出与附接至终端中的内部贴片天线的无线电收发器的不良阻抗匹配。
如还从图1可见的,副反射器22的反射表面包括围绕所述第一部分的另一部分26,该另一部分成形为截头锥,具有与第一部分的轴线大致相同的共用轴线。如从图1可见的,截头锥与共用轴线所成的角度大于所述第一部分与共用轴线所成的角度。也就是说,另一部分26比第一部分24更平坦。
所以,位于副反射器中央的第一部分倾向于将辐射以远离贴片天线且优选为远离终端4的方式反射,所述终端可定位在主反射器20中的间隙中。理想的是,反射器将辐射以远离终端的方式反射,使得辐射可被主反射器20反射以形成辐射束,而非由终端吸收或散射,从而提高天线的效率。此外,不期望的是辐射进入到终端,因为这可导致终端内的杂散信号。
与假设副反射器均匀地呈现第一中央部分24的锥形形状相比,另一部分(也即副反射器的更平坦外部26)具有将辐射反射到主反射器20的更靠近终端4的部分上的作用。这允许减小主反射器的直径,从而使得反射器布置的尺寸小型化。
图1所示的本发明的一个实施例可与图2所示的现有技术布置形成对比。如在图2中所示,反射盘14附接至无线通信终端4,以便通过从反射盘产生具有比来自终端中内部贴片天线28、42的射束的射束宽度更窄的射束来提高终端的天线增益。然而,不同于图1所示本发明的一个实施例的布置,图2的现有技术布置使用包括通过传输线附接在一起的两个天线16、46;18的微波反馈组件。两个天线中的一个为贴片天线,其包括贴片辐射器16和接地层46,其通过形成与内部贴片天线相关的共振腔体而用于将无线电频率信号附接进出终端中的内部贴片天线28、42。进出终端的信号通过传输线(通常为同轴线)反馈进出馈送天线18(通常为双极子(dipole)),用于照射反射盘。可存在放置在馈送天线之后的反射器46,以便将被反射远离反射盘的辐射反射回到反射盘。图2的布置可能倾向于具有如从终端观察的不良返回损耗,也就是说,该天线系统可能与终端中的收发器呈现出不良的阻抗匹配。可通过制造时的调整来改进返回损耗,但这可能是昂贵的,并且总体设计是庞大的。实际上,涉及终端的内部贴片天线与终端外的附接天线之间的近距离附接布置难以布置成具有足够的容差以用于维持连续无线电频率性能。
图1所示本发明的一个实施例还可与图3所示的常规卡塞格伦天线作对比。如在图3中所示,常规卡塞格伦天线具有抛物线形主反射器14和双曲线形副反射器6。反射器布置成使得来自穿过主反射器14延伸的馈送喇叭(feed horn)的辐射可被副反射器6反射回到主反射器14上,使得辐射可从主反射器上显现为具有窄射束宽度的大致照准的射束。如在图2中所示的卡塞格伦天线通常用在卫星地面站中。由于从副反射器6返回的辐射的原因,卡塞格伦天线可呈现出从馈送喇叭(feed horn,馈电喇叭)观察的不良返回损耗。通常在传输器10与馈送喇叭12之间有必要使用带有单向传输特性的设备(诸如环行器8),以保护传输器免受从副反射器6反射回到馈送喇叭中的信号。
使用卡塞格伦天线而非图2的近距离附接天线和微波馈送组件并非是显而易见的。如从图3可见,卡塞格伦天线通常诸如产生窄射束的馈送喇叭的馈送天线一起使用,并且通常具有被明显支撑在反射盘边沿前方的小的副反射器。这样的布置将不适于由贴片天线产生的相对宽的射束。此外,将预料到的是卡塞格伦天线在与贴片天线一起使用的情况下的返回损耗将非常不良,这是由于从副反射器到贴片天线的相对大的天线开孔的反射导致的。将预料到的是增大副反射器的尺寸会加剧常规卡塞格伦设计的不良返回损耗。
如从图1可见的是,与常规卡塞格伦设计相比,在本发明的一个实施例中,副反射器的伸出至主反射器的边缘的平面的区域是相对大的。这允许副反射器从来自贴片反射器的相对宽的射束收集辐射能,但是可预料到的是会阻挡主反射器的辐射开孔,从而减小反射器布置的增益和效率。然而,已发现的是,特别就副反射器的形状与主反射器的形状(如在图6、图7和图8中详细示出的)以及由贴片天线产生的射束形状而言,该反射器布置的构造可避免过度阻挡并且可克服对于将贴片天线用作馈送天线的卡塞格伦方法而言可预料到的限制性。
在本发明的一个实施例中,副反射器的反射表面的伸出区域大于主反射器的伸出区域的八分之一(伸出区域的测量是在与由主反射器产生的辐射束的方向正交的方向上进行的)。如已提及的,这对于卡塞格伦设计而言将是相对大的副反射器区域。特别有利的是,伸出的副反射器区域为主反射器伸出区域的15%与25%之间。
图4示出了本发明的其中副反射器22具有围绕副反射器周界的反射屏障30的实施例。如从图4可见的是,反射屏障从副反射器的周界朝向主反射器延伸。反射屏障可形成为副反射器伸出部表面上的金属化层,其可例如通过模制而与副反射器形成一体。该反射屏障可较少由主反射器20产生的辐射束中的旁瓣(sidelobe)水平,而同时较小子发射器的所需直径。如从图4可见的是,反射屏障(也可称为唇部)可截住来自贴片天线的否则将恰好从副反射器边缘逃脱的辐射,并且放置该辐射作为主射束的旁瓣从反射器布置中直接辐射出去。所截住的辐射可被发射回到主反射器中。
应当注意的是,图1至图5示出的光线示意仅仅为辐射过程的简化;衍射作用也是重要的,因为在反射器布置的操作频率下辐射的信号波长可为结构尺寸的重要部分。例如,在本发明的一个实施例中,副反射器的直径可为大致两个至四个波长的区域中。操作频率可通常为从300MHz到30GHz的微波频率。优选的操作频率可为1GHz-10GHz范围中,并且本发明的一个实施例可在包括2.4GHz的各种频率带下操作,并且在例如从5.2GHz到5.8GHz的各种频率带下操作。
在本发明的一个实施例中,在从反射表面的周界朝向主反射器的方向上测量,反射屏障具有的高度大于天线操作频率下的波长的十六分之一且小于该波长的四分之一。通常,反射屏障的高度可为波长的大致八分之一。如从图4可见的是,反射屏障可垂直于与由馈送天线产生的辐射束方向正交的平面。
图5示出了在副反射器周界的周围设置有介电环32的反射器布置,该介电环从副反射器的周界向外径向延伸。介电环可在本发明的带有或不带有反射屏障30的实施例中使用。如在图5中的近似光线视图中示出的,介电环的作用是通过将来自贴片天线的否则将恰好逃脱副反射器边缘的辐射折射,来降低由主反射器产生的射束中的旁瓣水平,并且将其指引到更靠近主射束方向。尽管在图5中示出为光线视图,然而衍射作用在使辐射偏转和降低旁瓣水平方面起作用。
在本发明的一个实施例中,介电环从副反射器的周界向外径向延伸一距离,该距离介于天线的操作频率下的波长的八分之一与二分之一之间。
在本发明的一个实施例中,可参照图6、图7和图8更详细看到介电环32。如在图8中所示,介电环的至少一些区段在介电环的内周缘上比在介电环的外周缘上具有更大厚度,并且优选地介电环对于介电环的至少一些区段而言具有大致三角形截面。从图8中可见,介电环可具有三角形叶片(vane)的结构。已发现的是,该结构在模制过程中是有益的,并且无线电频率性能未受到不良影响。
在本发明的一个实施例中,在介电环的至少一些区段中(例如在对应于叶片的区段中)介电环在介电环的内周缘上的厚度在介电环从副反射器向外延伸的距离的四分之一与四分之三之间。
在本发明的一个实施例中,介电环包括围绕环的圆周均匀布置的厚薄交替的区段,例如图8中所示的径向叶片。在与副反射器的旋转对称轴线正交的平面中在与介电环中央相距的至少一个径向距离处测量,相比于处于相同径向距离的薄的区段的厚度而言,介电环的较厚区段可具有更大直径。在本发明的一个实施例中,厚的区段(可为径向叶片)具有大致三角形截面,所述区段圆周地以小于天线的操作频率下的波长八分之一的距离间隔开。
在本发明的一个实施例中,介电环可由相对介电常数为2至4范围内的材料(例如聚碳酸酯材料)构成。可替换地,介电环可由陶瓷构成,在这种情况下,相对介电常数(也已知为介电常数)可大于4,通常为9至11范围内,但不限于此。
图6为根据本发明的一个实施例的当装配至无线通信终端4时的反射器布置2的截面图,并且图7示出了从反射器布置移除了无线通信终端4的反射器布置2。
从图6和图7可见,无线通信终端4具有壳体44,该壳体包括覆盖贴片天线的区段。在所示的本发明的一个实施例中,贴片天线由贴片辐射器28形成,该贴片辐射器平行于可作为印刷电路板一层的接地层42。该接地层在贴片天线的操作中起作用,并而辐射主要是从贴片辐射器28发射和接收的。可见的是,反射器布置2构造成装配在无线通信终端4的壳体44之上,使得反射器布置2可附接至无线通信终端4。通常,反射器布置2在一旦被附接时可随后从无线通信终端4移除。从图6和图7可见,反射器布置2可具有附接至主反射器20的壳体部分40,该壳体部分布置成容纳该终端。壳体部分40可与主反射器模制成一体,并且壳体部分和主反射器组件可布置成终端之上的棘爪配合(click fit,卡扣配合)。
在本发明的一个实施例中,主反射器包括沉积在模制制成基板上的传导层,通常为金属化层。如在图8中所示,主反射器20具有对称部分和非对称部分,对称部分关于主反射器的轴线旋转对称,而非对称部分成形为容纳无线通信终端4的壳体。如从图8可见,主反射器可具有突出区段38,该突出区段通常为大致平坦的并且布置成与终端4的壳体44成大致平行的关系,且该突出部分突出到假设主反射器是完全旋转对称的情况下将由主反射器围住的体积中。突出区段38为通常金属化的,以使终端中的电子部分屏蔽辐射,并且还将来自副反射器的辐射尽可能远(在给定折中形状的情况下)地反射到来自主反射器的主射束中。如在图8中所示,主反射器的非对称部分包括突出部分38以及还有主反射器20的处于突出区段38附近的碗状部分的壁,其具有与主反射器对称区段的对应部分不同的弯曲度,以补偿来自突出区段的反射。将终端的壳体容纳在假设主反射器是完全旋转对称的情况下将由主反射器围住的体积中(即容纳在主反射器的碗状部分内)具有这样的益处,即,相比于终端被容纳在主反射器的碗状部分之外的情况下而言,反射器布置与终端的组合在主反射器的主射束的方向上是更浅的(shallow)。此外,以这样的方式将该组合布置为更浅还具有可降低副反射器直径的益处,这是因为其更靠近终端的内部天线并且因此可减小主反射器的直径。在假设主反射器是完全旋转对称的情况下,终端的壳体可被容纳在由主反射器围住的体积内并非是显而易见的,因为预料到这将损害无线电频率性能。已发现的是,通过副反射器和主反射器的反射形状以及反射器布置构造的精心设计,来自主反射器的射束的增益和旁瓣性能可维持在可接受限度内。
参照图6可见,在本发明的一个实施例中,反射器部分2可包括大致碗状部分,朝向该碗状部分的中央为开孔,终端4布置成突出到在该碗状部分中。这样,终端中的内部天线(包括与接地层42一起操作的贴片辐射器28)可充当用于副反射器22的馈送天线。接地层可为印刷电路板的一层,在其上布置有无线电收发器的部件48,这些部件通常布置在接地层42的与布置有贴片天线28的一侧相反的一侧上。
如在图6中可见,副反射器可模制成一体件,其具有中央大致锥形区段24,该锥形区段被外部大致截头锥区段26围绕,相比于中央部分到共用轴线的角度而言,所述截头锥区段到共用轴线的角度更大。中央区段和外部区段可通过在锥形区段的角度之间过渡的平滑曲线部来接合。
介电环32可制成独立于副反射器的部件(如所示出的),并且可由与副反射器不同的材料制成。这允许使用具有与构成副反射器的材料不同的介电性能的材料。
如在图6、图7和图8中所示,副反射器22可由天线罩(radome)34支撑,该天线罩附接至主反射器20的边缘并且提供环境保护同时由无线电频率信号可延伸穿过的材料(诸如聚碳酸酯)构成。天线罩的中央部分36为用于装饰目的的盖,该中央部分通过副反射器22的金属化表面而屏蔽于主反射器。
图9示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的其中移除了无线终端的反射器布置的斜视图,而图10示出了根据本发明的一个实施例的其中装配有无线终端的反射器布置的斜视图。可看到的是,无线通信终端4可滑动到反射器部分2的壳体部分40中,该壳体部分布置成以卡扣配合布置的方式容纳终端。
应当理解的是,天线为交互设备,其可充当传送器和接收器两者。在上文描述已使用与无线电信号传输相关的术语(出于清楚的目的)时,应当理解的是反射器布置和终端也可用于接收。特别地,应当将贴片天线理解为用于接收辐射以及传输辐射。传输射束也可用作接收射束,并且传送器可由接收器或收发器来代替。
以上实施例为用于理解为本发明的示意性实例。应当理解的是,与任一实施例关联描述的任何特征可单独使用或者与其他特征组合地使用,并且可与任何其他实施例的一个或多个特征组合使用,或者与任何其他实施例以任意组合的方式使用。此外,在不背离由所附权利要求限定的本发明范围的情况下,也可采用上文中未描述的等同物和修改。
Claims (19)
1.一种反射器布置,所述反射器布置构造成用于附接至无线通信终端,所述无线通信终端包括贴片天线,所述贴片天线包括设置成与接地层成大致平行关系的贴片辐射器,且所述贴片天线产生具有预定射束宽度的辐射束,并且所述反射器布置构造成当附接至所述终端时产生相比于所述预定射束宽度具有减小的射束宽度的辐射射束,
所述反射器布置包括:
主反射器;以及
副反射器,所述副反射器用于将辐射朝向所述主反射器反射,
其中,所述反射器布置构造成使得在所述反射器布置附接至所述终端时,所述贴片天线用作所述副反射器的馈送天线,并且其中,所述副反射器布置成用于收集来自所述贴片天线的辐射并且朝向所述主反射器反射射束,使得所述主反射器产生具有减小的射束宽度的辐射射束。
2.根据权利要求1所述的反射器布置,其中,所述副反射器包括反射表面,所述反射表面的至少第一区段为大致锥形的且具有尖端,并且所述反射器布置构造成使得当所述反射器布置附接至所述终端时,所述尖端朝向所述贴片天线延伸。
3.根据权利要求2所述的反射器布置,其中,所述副反射器的所述反射表面包括围绕所述第一区段的另一区段,所述另一区段大致成形为与所述第一区段具有大致共用轴线的截头锥形,所述截头锥形与所述共用轴线所成的角度大于所述第一区段与所述共用轴线所成的角度。
4.根据权利要求2或3所述的反射器布置,其中,所述副反射器的所述反射表面的伸出区域大于所述主反射器的伸出区域的八分之一,所述伸出区域在与由所述主反射器产生的辐射射束的方向正交的平面中测量。
5.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的反射器布置,其中,所述副反射器包括布置在所述副反射器周界周围的反射屏障,所述反射屏障从所述副反射器的周界朝向所述主反射器延伸。
6.根据权利要求5所述的反射器布置,其中,在从所述反射表面的周界朝向所述主反射器的方向上测量,所述反射屏障具有的高度大于所述天线的操作频率下的波长的十六分之一且小于该波长的四分之一。
7.根据权利要求6所述的反射器布置,其中,所述反射屏障的高度大致为所述天线的操作频率下的波长的八分之一。
8.根据权利要求5至7中任一项所述的反射器布置,其中,所述反射屏障大致垂直于与由所述馈送天线产生的辐射射束的方向正交的平面。
9.根据前述权利要求中任一项所述的反射器布置,所述反射器布置进一步包括设置在所述副反射器的周界周围的介电环,所述介电环从所述副反射器的周界向外径向地延伸。
10.根据权利要求9所述的反射器布置,其中,所述介电环从所述副反射器的周界向外径向地延伸一距离,该距离介于所述天线的操作频率下的波长的八分之一与二分之一之间。
11.根据权利要求9或10所述的反射器布置,其中,所述介电环的至少一些区段在邻近所述介电环的内周缘处比在邻近所述介电环的外周缘处具有更大的厚度。
12.根据权利要求11所述的反射器布置,其中,对于所述介电环的至少一些区段,所述介电环具有大致三角形的横截面。
13.根据权利要求11或12所述的反射器布置,其中,在所述介电环的至少一些区段中,所述介电环在邻近所述介电环的内周缘处的厚度介于所述介电环从所述副反射器的周界向外延伸的距离的四分之一与四分之三之间。
14.根据权利要求9至13中任一项所述的反射器布置,其中,所述介电环包括围绕所述介电环的周缘均匀分布的交替的厚区段和薄区段,其中,所述介电环的厚区段具有的在与所述副反射器的旋转对称轴线正交的平面中在离所述介电环的中央至少一个径向距离处测量的厚度比所述径向距离处的薄区段的厚度更大。
15.根据权利要求14所述的反射器布置,其中,所述厚区段布置成具有大致三角形截面的径向叶片,所述径向叶片以小于所述天线的操作频率下的波长的八分之一周向地间隔开。
16.根据权利要求9至15中任一项所述的反射器布置,其中,所述介电环由相对介电常数介于2到4范围内的材料构成。
17.根据权利要求9至16中任一项所述的反射器布置,其中,所述介电环由聚碳酸酯材料构成。
18.根据任一前述权利要求所述的反射器布置,所述无线通信终端具有壳体,所述壳体包括覆盖所述贴片天线的区段,
其中,所述反射器布置构造成适配在所述无线通信终端的所述壳体之上,由此使所述反射器布置附接至所述无线通信终端。
19.根据权利要求18所述的反射器布置,其中,所述主反射器具有对称部分和非对称部分,所述对称部分关于所述主反射器的轴线旋转对称,并且所述非对称部分成形为用于容纳所述无线通信终端的所述壳体。
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US13/660,731 US9270013B2 (en) | 2012-10-25 | 2012-10-25 | Reflector arrangement for attachment to a wireless communications terminal |
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GB1312898.8A GB2516302B (en) | 2012-10-25 | 2013-07-18 | Reflector arrangement for attachment to a wireless communications terminal |
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PCT/GB2013/052797 WO2014064462A1 (en) | 2012-10-25 | 2013-10-25 | Reflector arrangement for attachment to a wireless communications terminal |
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KR102191808B1 (ko) | 2020-12-16 |
EP2912719A1 (en) | 2015-09-02 |
US9270013B2 (en) | 2016-02-23 |
KR20150090077A (ko) | 2015-08-05 |
GB2516302A (en) | 2015-01-21 |
WO2014064462A1 (en) | 2014-05-01 |
GB2516302B (en) | 2017-05-24 |
US20140118220A1 (en) | 2014-05-01 |
GB201312898D0 (en) | 2013-09-04 |
EP2912719B1 (en) | 2021-02-17 |
CN104813538B (zh) | 2018-01-12 |
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