CN104805289A - Efficient and automatic device for recovering cadmium ions in high-cadmium solution and recovery method - Google Patents
Efficient and automatic device for recovering cadmium ions in high-cadmium solution and recovery method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104805289A CN104805289A CN201510138365.5A CN201510138365A CN104805289A CN 104805289 A CN104805289 A CN 104805289A CN 201510138365 A CN201510138365 A CN 201510138365A CN 104805289 A CN104805289 A CN 104805289A
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- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 82
- WLZRMCYVCSSEQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium(2+) Chemical compound [Cd+2] WLZRMCYVCSSEQC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 title abstract description 10
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 133
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 95
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 81
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 54
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 74
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 74
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 238000005649 metathesis reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000013022 venting Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 230000002829 reductive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 83
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 29
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009514 concussion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007086 side reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000008151 electrolyte solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009854 hydrometallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010907 mechanical stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012806 monitoring device Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006386 neutralization reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009885 systemic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003751 zinc Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L zinc sulfate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O NWONKYPBYAMBJT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229960001763 zinc sulfate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229910000368 zinc sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
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- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an efficient and automatic device for recovering cadmium ions in a high-cadmium solution and a recovery method. The device comprises a reactor, a motor, a zinc sheet clamping device, a stirring device, an automatic control device, more than two ultrasonic generators and a plurality of turbulence baffles, wherein the stirring device comprises an impeller and a center shaft; the automatic control device comprises a liquid level control device, a temperature controller and a pH (potential of hydrogen) value controller, the motor is mounted in the middle of the top of the reactor, and the zinc sheet clamping device is mounted in the reactor; the ultrasonic generators are uniformly mounted on an outer wall of the reactor, steam pipelines uniformly wind around the inner wall of the reactor, one end of each steam pipeline extends out of the reactor, and the turbulence baffles are uniformly mounted on the inner wall of the reactor. By the aid of the method, the problems that a large amount of zinc powder is wrapped by sponge cadmium, the use amount of the zinc powder is large, the purity of the sponge cadmium is low, the recovery cost is high and the like in a conventional mixed phase reaction mode for recovery of cadmium are solved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to high efficiente callback automated installation and the recovery method of cadmium ion in a kind of high cadmium solution, be specifically related to a kind of zinc powder and zinc metal sheet of adopting and be coupled as cadmium ion replacement(metathesis)reaction in reductive agent and high cadmium solution, phase reaction pattern is separated by adopting, the new and high technologies such as introducing Automated condtrol, intermittent type are ultrasonic, when realizing reclaiming replacement(metathesis)reaction terminal, Spongy Cadmium and zinc metal sheet is separated, improve the quality of products, reduce automated installation and the method for raw material zinc consumption.
Background technology
In hydrometallurgy electrolytic zinc industry, electrolysis preorder electrolytic solution Zhi Ye workshop section, particularly repeatedly cleaning section press filtration produces a large amount of purification slags, and containing the cadmium that grade is higher in purification slag, purification slag makes high cadmium solution through pulp, chemical combination leaching and impurity and purification; At present, most of electrolytic zinc enterprise adopts mixed phase replacement(metathesis)reaction pattern, and in replacement(metathesis)reaction process, a large amount of reductive agent zinc powder is wrapped up by Spongy Cadmium, cannot complete reaction, cause zinc consumption amount too high in replacement(metathesis)reaction process, product Spongy Cadmium purity is low, quality product declines, and reduces Business Economic Benefit.
Cadmium recovery method traditional is at present mainly using zinc powder as reductive agent, add reductive agent in the high cadmium solution constantly stirred, reclaim cadmium metal wherein, show after deliberation, along with the carrying out of reaction, solution ph rises, zinc powder surface forms passive film, hinder carrying out further of the cadmium ion replacement(metathesis)reaction in metallic zinc and solution, thus the zinc powder causing partial particulate large can not react completely, the cadmium metal parcel that remaining metallic zinc is generated, finally sinking to bottom reaction container is mixed in resultant metal cadmium, make zinc consumption amount large and reduce the purity of Footwall drift cadmium, also the zinc powder of high value is caused to become the zinc sulfate of low value, and the current manual operation of enterprise is lack of standardization, processing parameter is unstable, cost recovery is caused to increase.Therefore, how the cadmium ion displaced quickly and efficiently in solution has important environment and economy meaning.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide high efficiente callback automated installation and the recovery method thereof of cadmium ion in a kind of high cadmium solution, this recovery method and device adopt zinc powder, zinc metal sheet coupling, cadmium ion in solution in batches with zinc powder, zinc metal sheet carries out replacement(metathesis)reaction, make full use of a small amount of zinc powder added, by zinc metal sheet, the cadmium ion in solution is replaced completely, thus determine reaction end, pass through automatic control system, Vltrasonic device, temperature, pH monitoring devices etc. are assisted, displace cadmium metal quickly and efficiently, the content of the cadmium ion in waste liquid is dropped to minimum, reduce the quantity that cadmium ion enters Waste Water Treatment, reduce waste water processing station intractability and processing cost, reduce outer row's cadmium ion to pollute.
Principle of the present invention is exactly that reductive agent all realizes being separated phase replacement(metathesis)reaction with high cadmium solution reaction process neutralization reaction terminal in the reactor that relative airtight cylinder bores end shape, to be coupled with zinc metal sheet by a small amount of zinc powder and to use, make the cadmium ion in solution completely replaced, improve replacement(metathesis)reaction efficiency and productive rate.
The technical scheme that the present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above is as follows: the high efficiente callback automated installation of cadmium ion in a kind of high cadmium solution, comprises reactor, motor, zinc metal sheet clamping device, whipping appts, automatic control unit, plural ultrasonic generator, vapour line and several turbulent flow baffle plates;
The bottom of described reactor is tapered, and described motor is arranged on the middle part at the top of described reactor, and described zinc metal sheet clamping device is arranged on described inside reactor;
Described whipping appts is arranged in described reactor, and is connected with described motor; Described automatic control unit is positioned at the top of described reactor, and is connected with described reactor;
Described ultrasonic generator is arranged on the outer wall of described reactor uniformly, and described vapour line is looped around on described reactor wall uniformly, and a termination is stretched out outside described reactor, and described turbulent flow baffle plate is evenly arranged on the inwall of described reactor.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
The present invention adopts zinc powder and zinc metal sheet coupling, cadmium ion in zinc powder and solution carries out mixed phase replacement(metathesis)reaction, zinc metal sheet carries out being separated phase replacement(metathesis)reaction with cadmium ion remaining in solution, finally obtain the cadmium metal that purity reaches 90%, carry out turbulent flow concussion with intermittent type sonic oscillation device to solution at inside reactor installation turbulent flow baffle plate and outer secondary to stir simultaneously, the mechanical force of hyperacoustic strengthening effect and agitator is utilized to remove the zinc salt passive film being wrapped in the surface of zinc powder and zinc metal sheet, zinc powder and zinc metal sheet surface is made to remain active, the quick and high efficient reaction accelerating displacement cadmium is carried out.Simultaneously, pH value controller and pH value real-time regulating apparatus is had in reaction process, the carrying out with reaction can be effectively avoided to cause the impact of the rising of pH value, avoid forming passive film on the surface of zinc powder or zinc metal sheet, hinder carrying out further of replacement(metathesis)reaction, utilize this device effectively can reduce the reductive agent zinc consumption of unit metal cadmium, and increase substantially the cadmium metal product purity of displacement.
On the basis of technique scheme, the present invention can also do following improvement.
Further, described whipping appts comprises central shaft and impeller, and one end of described central shaft is connected with described motor, and the other end inserts in described reactor, and near the bottom of described reactor; Described central shaft is distributed with some layers impeller not of uniform size, and distance between adjacent two layers impeller is all equal, the impeller of the bottom of described central shaft is maximum, near reactor conical lower portion; Described zinc metal sheet clamping device is connected with described central shaft by speed change cover, and zinc metal sheet upper end is placed in the middle of described zinc metal sheet clamping device, and is fixedly clamped by described zinc metal sheet clamping device.
The beneficial effect of above-mentioned further scheme is adopted to be, the impeller of the bottom of described central shaft is maximum, near reactor conical lower portion (apart from reactor conical lower portion 400 ~ 600mm), effectively short grained zinc powder can be stirred to reactor top, make its abundant contact reacts with solution again, reduce zinc powder and fall to reactor bottom.
Further, except the impeller of the bottom of described central shaft, other impeller is all positioned in the middle of described zinc metal sheet clamping device, and does not contact with the zinc metal sheet of described zinc metal sheet clamping device and clamping thereof.
Further, the frequency of described sonic generator is 10 ~ 150kHz, and the sound intensity is 1.0 ~ 5.0w/cm
2, Vltrasonic device opening time: 0 ~ 15min, Vltrasonic device turn-off time: 0 ~ 15min.
Further, a sidewall of described reactor is provided with acid adding pipeline and solution inlet port, and the position of the import of described acid adding pipeline higher than the highest position of liquid level in described reactor, and is positioned at the top of described solution inlet port; The pipeline of described acid adding pipeline extends in described reactor; The position of described solution inlet port is higher than the highest position of liquid level in described reactor.
Further, another sidewall of described reactor is provided with venting port, vision slit and liquid discharge outlet, described vision slit is between described venting port and described liquid discharge outlet, and described venting port is near described reactor head, and described liquid discharge outlet is near described reactor bottom; The top of described reactor is provided with material inlet, and described material inlet is positioned at the side of described motor, and near described motor; The cone mouth place, bottom of described reactor is provided with solid phase relief outlet, and the bottom welding of described reactor has several supporting legs.
Further, described automatic control unit comprises fluid level control device, temperature regulator and pH value controller, described fluid level control device, temperature regulator and pH value controller are positioned at the opposite side of described motor, and described fluid level control device is near described motor, described temperature regulator is between described fluid level control device and described pH value controller.
Further, in described high cadmium solution, the high efficiente callback automated installation of cadmium ion also comprises Controlling System, and described Controlling System controls described ultrasonic generator, solution inlet port, fluid level control device, temperature regulator and pH value controller etc.
Another technical scheme that the present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above is as follows:
An efficient recycling method for cadmium ion in high cadmium solution, comprises the following steps:
1) loaded in zinc metal sheet clamping device by reductive agent zinc metal sheet, venting port remains opened condition, and high cadmium solution enters in reactor by solution inlet port;
2) in the process in described high cadmium solution injecting reactor, when in reactor, solution exceedes 1/2 volume in reactor, driven by motor central shaft at the uniform velocity stirs, motor drives zinc metal sheet clamping device and zinc metal sheet to rotate by speed change cover, simultaneously, zinc powder adds in reactor by material inlet, when the liquid level of high cadmium solution arrives 2/3 position of reaction vessel, fluid level control device feeds back signal to Controlling System, Controlling System controls solution inlet port valve and automatically closes, stop injecting high cadmium solution, under the stirring of central shaft and impeller, Controlling System interval starts ultrasonic generator, make described reductive agent zinc powder and zinc metal sheet and the abundant contact reacts of high cadmium solution, and the cadmium metal that reaction is generated under the stirring action of ultrasonic strengthening and machinery from the sur-face peeling of zinc powder or zinc metal sheet,
3) at zinc powder, in zinc metal sheet and cadmium ion generation replacement(metathesis)reaction process, acid solution in high cadmium solution and zinc powder and zinc metal sheet react generation hydrogen, hydrogen is discharged by described venting port, along with zinc powder, the reaction of zinc metal sheet and acid solution is carried out, in reactor, the pH value of cadmium-containing solution raises, when in reactor, the pH value of solution is elevated to 4.5, pH value controller is to Controlling System feedback signal, Controlling System controls to open acid adding pipe valve, acidity in reaction vessel is shown in real time to control acid adding amount in real time by pH value controller, pH value in reactor is kept to be stabilized between 2 ~ 3,
4) in reaction process, in reactor, zinc powder add-on is lower than the required theoretical amount of reaction (0.8-1.0 doubly), zinc powder evenly to add in reactor in solution, under impeller stirring action, described zinc powder upwards rolls and the abundant contact reacts of high cadmium solution in reactor, the cadmium displaced is deposited on reactor conical lower portion under gravity, after reaction terminates, the liquid discharge outlet of reactor is opened, liquid in reactor is drained, open the solid phase relief outlet of reactor bottom subsequently, scoriform thing in reactor and residual liquid are discharged, spongy metal cadmium is isolated by screen cloth, via balling press, Spongy Cadmium is pressed into pie cadmium metal group, .
Further, in step 2) in, the pH of described high cadmium solution is 2 ~ 3.
Further, in step 3) in, in replacement(metathesis)reaction process, the temperature of described high cadmium solution remains on 25 ~ 80 DEG C, after temperature reduces, temperature regulator feedback signal is in Controlling System, Systematical control opens vapour line valve automatically, and steam heats to described high cadmium solution by vapour line, passes through temperature regulator, Controlling System controls size and the opening and closing of vapour line valve automatically, and reactor temperature is remained between 25 ~ 80 DEG C.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is as follows: efficient recycling method of the present invention is by automation control system, intermittent type sonic oscillation device and mechanical stirring device, realize automatically controlling solution concussion to stir, make full use of reductive agent zinc powder and zinc metal sheet, make the replacement(metathesis)reaction consumption of reductive agent zinc and cadmium ion close to theoretical level, the cadmium metal purity displaced is high, reduce the residual quantity of cadmium ion in the rear solution of reaction simultaneously, reduce the cost of unit product cadmium metal, increase economic efficiency, achieve environmental benefit again.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the high efficiente callback automated installation of cadmium ion in height cadmium solution of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the vertical view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the pilot circuit figure of the high efficiente callback automated installation of cadmium ion in height cadmium solution of the present invention.
In accompanying drawing, the list of parts representated by each label is as follows:
1, motor, 2, fluid level control device, 3, temperature regulator, 4, pH value controller, 5, vapour line, 6, acid adding pipeline, 7, solution inlet port, 8, reactor, 9, impeller, 10, central shaft, 11, solid phase relief outlet, 12, speed change cover, 13, material inlet, 14, zinc metal sheet clamping device, 15, venting port, 16, turbulent flow baffle plate, 17, vision slit, 18, liquid discharge outlet, 19, supporting leg, 20, ultrasonic generator, 21, Controlling System.
Embodiment
Be described principle of the present invention and feature below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, example, only for explaining the present invention, is not intended to limit scope of the present invention.
The high efficiente callback automated installation of cadmium ion in a kind of high cadmium solution, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, reactor 8, motor 1, zinc metal sheet clamping device 14, central shaft 10, impeller 9, plural ultrasonic generator 20, vapour line 5 and several turbulent flow baffle plates 16 is comprised;
The bottom of described reactor 8 is tapered, and described motor 1 is arranged on the middle part at the top of described reactor 8, and it is inner that described zinc metal sheet clamping device 14 is arranged on described reactor 8;
One end of described central shaft 10 is connected with described motor 1, and the other end inserts in described reactor 8, and near the bottom of described reactor 8; Described central shaft 10 is distributed with some layers impeller not of uniform size 9, and distance between adjacent two layers impeller 9 is all equal, the impeller 9 of the bottom of described central shaft 10 is maximum, near reactor 8 conical lower portion (apart from reactor conical lower portion 400 ~ 600mm), effectively short grained zinc powder can be stirred to reactor 8 top, make its abundant contact reacts with solution again, reduce zinc powder and fall to bottom reactor 8;
Described ultrasonic generator 20 is arranged on the outer wall of described reactor 8 uniformly, described vapour line 5 is looped around on described reactor 8 inwall uniformly, and a termination is stretched out outside described reactor 8, described turbulent flow baffle plate 16 is evenly arranged on the inwall of described reactor 8.
Described zinc metal sheet clamping device 14 is connected with described central shaft 10 by speed change cover 12, and zinc metal sheet upper end is placed in the middle of described zinc metal sheet clamping device, and is fixedly clamped by described zinc metal sheet clamping device.
Except the impeller 9 of the bottom of described central shaft 10, other impeller 9 is all positioned in the middle of described zinc metal sheet clamping device 14, and does not contact with described zinc metal sheet clamping device 14 and the zinc metal sheet that clamps thereof.
One sidewall of described reactor 8 is provided with solution inlet port 7, and the position of described solution inlet port 7 is higher than the highest position of liquid level in described reactor 8.
In described high cadmium solution, the high efficiente callback automated installation of cadmium ion also comprises acid adding pipeline 6, and the position of the import of described acid adding pipeline 6 higher than the highest position of liquid level in described reactor 8, and is positioned at the top of described solution inlet port 7; The pipeline of described acid adding pipeline 6 extends in described reactor 8.
Another sidewall of described reactor 8 is provided with venting port 15, vision slit 17 and liquid discharge outlet 18, described vision slit 17 is between described venting port 15 and described liquid discharge outlet 18, and described venting port 15 is near described reactor 8 top, described liquid discharge outlet 18 is bottom described reactor 8.
The top of described reactor 8 is provided with material inlet 13, fluid level control device 2, temperature regulator 3 and pH value controller 4, described material inlet 13 is positioned at the side of described motor 1, and near described motor 1, described fluid level control device 2, temperature regulator 3 and pH value controller 4 are positioned at the opposite side of described motor 1, and described fluid level control device 2 is near described motor 1, described temperature regulator 3 is between described fluid level control device 2 and described pH value controller 4.Described material inlet 13 is for the interpolation of reductive agent zinc powder, and the outlet position of described material inlet 13 in reactor 8 is higher than the most high liquid level (HLL) of solution in described reactor 8.Described pH value controller 4 and automatic heat regulator 3 are at described reactor 8 top, and its pH and temp probe to stretch in reactor 8 in solution.
As shown in Figure 3, in described high cadmium solution, the high efficiente callback automated installation of cadmium ion also comprises Controlling System 21, and described Controlling System 21 controls described ultrasonic generator 20, solution inlet port 7, fluid level control device 2, temperature regulator 3 and pH value controller 4 etc.
The cone mouth place, bottom of described reactor 8 is provided with solid phase relief outlet 11, and the bottom welding of described reactor 8 has several supporting legs 19.
Utilize said apparatus to carry out an efficient recycling method for cadmium ion in high cadmium solution, comprise the following steps:
1) zinc metal sheet is loaded zinc metal sheet clamping device 14 from reactor 8 upper end zinc metal sheet installing port, control zinc metal sheet clamping device 14 by Controlling System 21 and automatically grip described zinc metal sheet, zinc metal sheet installing port is closed automatically;
2) Controlling System 21 opens solution inlet port 7 valve automatically, by high cadmium solution from solution inlet port 7 injecting reactor 8, liquid level in fluid level control device 2 Real-Time Monitoring reactor 8, when the liquid level of high cadmium solution arrives 2/3 position of container, fluid level control device 2 detects and provides control signal, after Controlling System 21 Received signal strength, control solution inlet port 7 valve automatically to close, stop injecting high cadmium solution, Controlling System 21 starter motor 1, motor 1 drives whipping appts to stir high cadmium solution, in the whipping process of whipping appts, Controlling System 21 controls material inlet 13 valve and automatically opens, by metering switch, quantitative zinc powder is at the uniform velocity added in the solution in reactor 8, Controlling System 21 interval starts ultrasonic generator 20 simultaneously, (frequency of sonic generator is 10 ~ 150kHz ultrasound-enhanced, the sound intensity is 1.0 ~ 5.0w/cm
2, Vltrasonic device opening time: 0 ~ 15min, Vltrasonic device turn-off time: 0 ~ 15min) and mechanical agitation under, make described zinc powder and the abundant contact reacts of high cadmium solution,
3) in reaction process, the zinc powder added passes through mechanical agitation, sunk bottom reactor 8 gradually from edge, in reactor rounded bottom, by the effect that impeller 9 stirs, zinc powder is rolled to solution top by reactor 8 middle turning again, in the process of zinc powder tumbling motion, reactor 8 outer secondary is with the effect of intermittent type sonic oscillation, described zinc powder is fully contacted with high cadmium solution react, until zinc powder complete reaction, the cadmium that reaction displacement generates is precipitated to reactor 8 conical lower portion under the effect of gravity and reactor wall turbulent flow baffle plate 16.
4) in reaction process, main reaction in high cadmium solution is cadmium ion and zinc powder and zinc metal sheet generation replacement(metathesis)reaction, also there is side reaction simultaneously, acid in solution and zinc powder and zinc metal sheet react and generate hydrogen, hydrogen enters in air by the venting port 15 of reactor 8 sidewall upper, along with side reaction zinc powder, the reaction of the acid in zinc metal sheet and solution is carried out, the pH value of high cadmium solution raises gradually, when the pH value of high cadmium solution is elevated to 4.5, pH value controller 4 gives Controlling System feedback signal, Controlling System 21 controls acid adding pipeline 6 valve and automatically opens, certain density acid solution is dripped in reactor 8, the amount that regulable control adds acid solution is carried out by the solution acidity in pH value controller 4 in real time display reactor 8, when in reactor 8, the pH value of solution is reduced to systemic presupposition value (between 2 ~ 3), Controlling System 21 closes acid adding pipeline 6 valve, stop adding acid solution,
In replacement(metathesis)reaction process, the temperature of described high cadmium solution remains on 25 ~ 80 DEG C, after temperature reduces, temperature regulator 3 feedback signal is in Controlling System 21, Systematical control 21 opens vapour line 5 valve automatically, and steam heats, by temperature regulator 3 to described high cadmium solution by vapour line 5, Controlling System 21 controls size and the opening and closing of vapour line 5 valve automatically, and temperature in reactor 8 is remained between 25 ~ 80 DEG C.
5) in reaction process, zinc powder adds complete, and after reaction for some time, Controlling System 21 controls speed change cover 12 and drives zinc metal sheet clamping device 14 at the uniform velocity to rotate, and the cadmium ion in solution and zinc metal sheet react, and generate cadmium metal, react until concentration of cadmium ions is less than below 100mg/L in solution, then be defined as reaction end, Systematical control disable motor 1, whipping appts and zinc metal sheet clamping device 14 all stop operating.
6) after reaction terminates, Controlling System 21 controls liquid discharge outlet 18 valve and automatically opens, liquid in reactor is discharged and when being low to moderate the lowest part of default, fluid level control device 2 feedback signal is in Controlling System 21, Controlling System 21 controls liquid discharge outlet 18 valve and automatically closes, simultaneously, Controlling System 21 opens solid phase relief outlet 11 valve automatically, scoriform thing in reactor conical lower portion and a small amount of residual liquid are discharged, and isolate cadmium metal by screen cloth, cadmium metal loads in balling press, Spongy Cadmium is pressed into pie cadmium metal by balling press under pressure, .
The foregoing is only preferred embodiment of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the high efficiente callback automated installation of cadmium ion in a high cadmium solution, it is characterized in that, comprise reactor, motor, zinc metal sheet clamping device, whipping appts, automatic control unit, plural ultrasonic generator, vapour line and several turbulent flow baffle plates;
The bottom of described reactor is tapered, and described motor is arranged on the middle part at the top of described reactor, and described zinc metal sheet clamping device is arranged on described inside reactor;
Described whipping appts is arranged in described reactor, and is connected with described motor; Described automatic control unit is positioned at the top of described reactor, and is connected with described reactor;
Described ultrasonic generator is arranged on the outer wall of described reactor uniformly, and described vapour line is looped around on described reactor wall uniformly, and a termination is stretched out outside described reactor, and described turbulent flow baffle plate is evenly arranged on the inwall of described reactor.
2. the high efficiente callback automated installation of cadmium ion in high cadmium solution according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described whipping appts comprises central shaft and impeller, and one end of described central shaft is connected with described motor, the other end inserts in described reactor, and near the bottom of described reactor; Described central shaft is distributed with some layers impeller not of uniform size, and distance between adjacent two layers impeller is all equal, the impeller of the bottom of described central shaft is maximum, near reactor conical lower portion; Described zinc metal sheet clamping device is connected with described central shaft by speed change cover, and zinc metal sheet upper end is placed in the middle of described zinc metal sheet clamping device, and is fixedly clamped by described zinc metal sheet clamping device.
3. the high efficiente callback automated installation of cadmium ion in high cadmium solution according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, except the impeller of the bottom of described central shaft, other impeller is all positioned in the middle of described zinc metal sheet clamping device, and does not contact with the zinc metal sheet of described zinc metal sheet clamping device and clamping thereof.
4. in the high cadmium solution according to any one of claims 1 to 3, the high efficiente callback automated installation of cadmium ion, is characterized in that, the frequency of described sonic generator is 10 ~ 150kHz, and the sound intensity is 1.0 ~ 5.0w/cm
2, Vltrasonic device opening time: 0 ~ 15min, Vltrasonic device turn-off time: 0 ~ 15min.
5. the high efficiente callback automated installation of cadmium ion in the high cadmium solution according to any one of claims 1 to 3, it is characterized in that, one sidewall of described reactor is provided with acid adding pipeline and solution inlet port, the position of the import of described acid adding pipeline higher than the highest position of liquid level in described reactor, and is positioned at the top of described solution inlet port; The pipeline of described acid adding pipeline extends in described reactor; The position of described solution inlet port is higher than the highest position of liquid level in described reactor.
6. the high efficiente callback automated installation of cadmium ion in high cadmium solution according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, another sidewall of described reactor is provided with venting port, vision slit and liquid discharge outlet, described vision slit is between described venting port and described liquid discharge outlet, and described venting port is near described reactor head, described liquid discharge outlet is near described reactor bottom; The top of described reactor is provided with material inlet, and described material inlet is positioned at the side of described motor, and near described motor; The cone mouth place, bottom of described reactor is provided with solid phase relief outlet, and the bottom welding of described reactor has several supporting legs.
7. the high efficiente callback automated installation of cadmium ion in high cadmium solution according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, described automatic control unit comprises fluid level control device, temperature regulator and pH value controller, described fluid level control device, temperature regulator and pH value controller are positioned at the opposite side of described motor, and described fluid level control device is near described motor, described temperature regulator is between described fluid level control device and described pH value controller.
8. the high efficiente callback automated installation of cadmium ion in high cadmium solution according to claim 7, it is characterized in that, in described high cadmium solution, the high efficiente callback automated installation of cadmium ion also comprises Controlling System, and described Controlling System controls described ultrasonic generator, solution inlet port, fluid level control device, temperature regulator and pH value controller.
9. the efficient recycling method of cadmium ion in high cadmium solution, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
1) loaded in zinc metal sheet clamping device by reductive agent zinc metal sheet, venting port remains opened condition, and high cadmium solution enters in reactor by solution inlet port;
2) in the process in described high cadmium solution injecting reactor, when in reactor, solution exceedes 1/2 volume in reactor, driven by motor central shaft at the uniform velocity stirs, motor drives zinc metal sheet clamping device and zinc metal sheet to rotate by speed change cover, simultaneously, zinc powder adds in reactor by material inlet, when the liquid level of high cadmium solution arrives 2/3 position of reaction vessel, fluid level control device feeds back signal to Controlling System, Controlling System controls solution inlet port valve and automatically closes, stop injecting high cadmium solution, under the stirring of central shaft and impeller, Controlling System interval starts ultrasonic generator, make described reductive agent zinc powder and zinc metal sheet and the abundant contact reacts of high cadmium solution, and the cadmium metal that reaction is generated under the stirring action of ultrasonic strengthening and machinery from the sur-face peeling of zinc powder or zinc metal sheet,
3) at zinc powder, in zinc metal sheet and cadmium ion generation replacement(metathesis)reaction process, acid solution in high cadmium solution and zinc powder and zinc metal sheet react generation hydrogen, hydrogen is discharged by described venting port, along with zinc powder, the reaction of zinc metal sheet and acid solution is carried out, in reactor, the pH value of cadmium-containing solution raises, when in reactor, the pH value of solution is elevated to 4.5, pH value controller is to Controlling System feedback signal, Controlling System controls to open acid adding pipe valve, acidity in reaction vessel is shown in real time to control acid adding amount in real time by pH value controller, pH value in reactor is kept to be stabilized between 2 ~ 3,
4) in reaction process, in reactor, zinc powder add-on is lower than the required theoretical amount of reaction, zinc powder evenly to add in reactor in solution, under impeller stirring action, described zinc powder upwards rolls and the abundant contact reacts of high cadmium solution in reactor, the cadmium displaced is deposited on reactor conical lower portion under gravity, after reaction terminates, the liquid discharge outlet of reactor is opened, liquid in reactor is drained, open the solid phase relief outlet of reactor bottom subsequently, scoriform thing in reactor and residual liquid are discharged, spongy metal cadmium is isolated by screen cloth, via balling press, Spongy Cadmium is pressed into pie cadmium metal group, .
10. the efficient recycling method of cadmium ion in high cadmium solution according to claim 9, is characterized in that, in step 2) in, the pH of described high cadmium solution is 2 ~ 3;
In step 3) in, in replacement(metathesis)reaction process, the temperature of described high cadmium solution remains on 25 ~ 80 DEG C, after temperature reduces, temperature regulator feedback signal is in Controlling System, and Systematical control opens vapour line valve automatically, steam heats to described high cadmium solution by vapour line, by temperature regulator, Controlling System controls size and the opening and closing of vapour line valve automatically, and reactor temperature is remained between 25 ~ 80 DEG C.
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