CN104793648A - Tolerance and timing combined efficient mixed sun-tracking control system and tolerance and timing combined efficient mixed sun-tracking control method - Google Patents
Tolerance and timing combined efficient mixed sun-tracking control system and tolerance and timing combined efficient mixed sun-tracking control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104793648A CN104793648A CN201510199230.XA CN201510199230A CN104793648A CN 104793648 A CN104793648 A CN 104793648A CN 201510199230 A CN201510199230 A CN 201510199230A CN 104793648 A CN104793648 A CN 104793648A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a tolerance and timing combined efficient mixed sun-tracking control system. By means of adopting a high-precision photoelectric sensor for tracking, a light spot can be enabled to be projected to the central position, deviate from the central position by a tolerance value a degrees and then stop at the place. After a certain period of timing, next turn of photoelectric tracking is started when the light spot probably moves to the position at the -2a degrees opposite to the position at the a degrees. The tolerance and timing combined efficient mixed sun-tracking control system has the advantages that tracking precision can be improved while tracking cost can be lowered, and the light spot is enabled to be always positioned within a section of appropriate positions; by means of timing control, frequent motion of a motor caused by interfering light rays is avoided, and stability of the motor is improved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to solar tracking technical field in photovoltaic generating system, relate to a kind of system and method improving solar tracking precision and stability, particularly a kind of by tolerance and the efficient mixing solar tracking control system regularly combined and method.
Background technology
Along with the day rising steadily and supply of fossil energy price is becoming tight, the whole world increases increasingly to the demand of new forms of energy.Along with environmental problem becomes increasingly conspicuous, Green Development theory is rooted in the hearts of the people gradually, and developing direction and the clearing mark of global economy turn to low-carbon economy already, and solar photovoltaic industry is subject to the attention of countries in the world.Sun power is the most clean, the safe and reliable energy in future, developed country using the exploitation of sun power as energy revolution main contents Long-term planning, photovoltaic industry becomes the industry of another explosive growth after IT, microelectronic industry in the world just day by day.
Iii-v light-focusing multi-junction solar cell is the new generation product after crystal silicon, thin-film solar cells, and its high electricity conversion is that all photovoltaic products cannot be reached in the past.Improved the energy flux density of concentrator cell unit area by convergence mode, thus in effective time, accept more solar irradiations to realize high transformation efficiency.Feature just because of its high electricity conversion determines the high request of its photovoltaic generating system to sunshine incident direction.Light gathering photovoltaic power generating system must meet the solar facula after assembling by real-time follow-up solar azimuth and impinge perpendicularly on solar cell surface.How efficiently and accurately realize concentration photovoltaic system to day tracer request, improve the utilization factor of sun power to greatest extent, be still one of the problem that need solve.Address this problem and should start with from two aspects, one is the conversion ratio improving solar energy equipment, and two is the receiving efficiency improving sun power; But still there is no large technological breakthrough at present.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention, on the basis combined depending on day tracking and photoelectric tracing, increases tolerance and timing controlled, proposes a kind of by tolerance and the efficient mixing solar tracking control system regularly combined and method.
The efficient mixing solar tracking control system combined by tolerance and timing, is characterized in that: comprise power module, photovoltaic battery panel drive motor, hot spot collection plate, photoelectric sensor, timer and central controller; Described hot spot collection plate is that one piece of center arranges round-meshed flat board, and described photoelectric sensor, hot spot collection plate are arranged on photovoltaic battery panel, setting coplanar with photovoltaic battery panel; Described central controller is connected with described power module, photovoltaic battery panel drive motor, photoelectric sensor, timer respectively, by receive that described photoelectric sensor gathers through the facula information after described hot spot collection plate center hole, time according to timer setting, the photovoltaic battery panel drive motor described in control drives photovoltaic battery panel and hot spot collection plate in real time just to the sun.
The technical scheme that method of the present invention adopts is: a kind of efficient mixing solar tracking control method combined by tolerance and timing, is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
Step 1: the system described in initialization, makes photovoltaic battery panel and hot spot collection plate just to the sun, and sets initial timing time and the tolerance of timer;
Step 2: within the initial timing time, described photoelectric sensor collection is through the hot spot mobile message after described hot spot collection plate center hole;
Step 3: when initial timing arrives, photovoltaic cell drive motor described in described central controller controls drives photovoltaic battery panel and hot spot collection plate to move along the direction of sun movement, and when being run motor by motor feedback, the number of turns of rotor turns carries out cumulative measurement;
Step 4: described central controller is measured by motor feedback, becomes photovoltaic battery panel and hot spot collection plate deviation angle angle value by data reduction;
Step 5: the deviation angle angle value of calculating and tolerance are compared;
If be less than tolerance, then electric system continues motion, and the step 3 described in revolution execution;
If be equal to or greater than tolerance, then motor is out of service;
Step 6: after motor is out of service, and start the new fixed cycle operator of timer.
As preferably, during being run motor by motor feedback described in step 3, the number of turns of rotor turns carries out cumulative measurement, its specific implementation process is the reduction gear ratio H according to motor, and the supporting structure of system, the angle α that the normal converting solar incident ray and circular hole place plane to is formed, then number of turns n=α * H/360 that rotor adds up to turn encloses.
As preferably, new fixed cycle operator described in step 4, its new timing length first moves to-a the time used by calculating solar facula from tolerance a, according to sun running in 24 hours 360 ° of calculating, then and new timing length t=a*4/360 * 24h second.
The present invention is followed the tracks of by high precision photoelectric sensor, and spot projection can be allowed to center, then makes hot spot depart from one, center tolerance to be a ° and to stop at herein.After certain hour timing, namely solar motion cause hot spot probably to move to relative to a ° of position-2a ° of position time start photoelectric tracking next time.Can tracking accuracy be improved like this, make hot spot be in one section of suitable position all the time.Also avoid interference by timing controlled the motor that light causes frequently to move, improve stability.
The present invention has following advantages and good effect:
(1) in this tracking, the time of carrying out photoelectric tracking is shorter, and the motor that when decreasing photoelectric tracking, extraneous light environment causes moves back and forth, and improves the stability of system;
(2) introduce tolerance, make hot spot in tracing process at the range of motion taking center as symmetric points, ensure hot spot place in place, which enhance the precision of whole tracking;
(3) photoelectric tracking and look day follow the tracks of basis on, by tolerance and time-controlled method, make precision higher, more stable.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1: the System Working Principle figure of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2: the method flow diagram of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 3: the systems generate electricity power of the embodiment of the present invention and intensity of illumination comparison diagram.
Embodiment
Understand for the ease of those of ordinary skill in the art and implement the present invention, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the present invention is described in further detail, should be appreciated that exemplifying embodiment described herein is only for instruction and explanation of the present invention, is not intended to limit the present invention.
In light gathering photovoltaic power generating system, the accurate and stable tracking sun can make the efficiency of receiver greatly improve, and then improves the solar energy utilization ratio of photovoltaic generating system.General solar tracking method has depending on day tracking, photoelectric tracing and combines depending on day tracking and photoelectric tracing.The present invention, on the basis combined depending on day tracking and photoelectric tracing, increases tolerance and timing controlled, proposes a kind of by tolerance and the efficient mixing solar tracking control system regularly combined and method, substantially increases tracking precision and stability.
The invention provides a kind of efficient mixing solar tracking control system combined by tolerance and timing, comprise power module, photovoltaic battery panel drive motor, hot spot collection plate, photoelectric sensor, timer and central controller; Hot spot collection plate is that one piece of center arranges round-meshed flat board, and photoelectric sensor, hot spot collection plate are arranged on photovoltaic battery panel, setting coplanar with photovoltaic battery panel; Central controller is connected with power module, photovoltaic battery panel drive motor, photoelectric sensor, timer respectively, by receive that photoelectric sensor gathers through the facula information after hot spot collection plate center hole, time according to timer setting, control photovoltaic battery panel drive motor and drive photovoltaic battery panel and hot spot collection plate in real time just to the sun.
Ask for an interview Fig. 1, be the System Working Principle figure of the present embodiment, in figure, 11 arrow points represent that direction westwards, are sun's motion direction; 15,16 and 17 represent the hot spot that sunray is formed through circular hole projection, 16 represent that sunray injects formation perpendicular to circular hole plane, 15 and 17 represent that sunray and circular hole plane have certain incident angle, 15 represent that light is injected (sun is advanced) from direction to the west, 17 represent that light is injected (sun is delayed) from direction by east, and circular hole moves with system; 12 represent when the sun westwards moves, and through the direction of motion of the circular light spot that projection is formed, this direction from west to east.13 and 14 expressions make the spot motion direction formed in the process of the system tracks sun by Electric Machine Control, 13 processes are by light-operated control, and 14 processes are by timer timing controlled.The angle that when a ° and-a ° represent facula deviation center respectively, incident ray and circular hole normal are formed, the concrete size of a is drawn the accuracy synthesis that the requirement of precision and sensor can reach by system.
Ask for an interview Fig. 2, a kind of efficient mixing solar tracking control method combined by tolerance and timing provided by the invention, comprises the following steps:
Step 1: initialization system, makes photovoltaic battery panel and hot spot collection plate just to the sun, and sets initial timing time and the tolerance of timer;
Step 2: within the initial timing time, photoelectric sensor collection is through the hot spot mobile message after hot spot collection plate center hole;
Step 3: when initial timing arrives, central controller controls photovoltaic battery panel drive motor drives photovoltaic battery panel and hot spot collection plate to move along the direction of sun movement, and when being run motor by motor feedback, the number of turns of rotor turns carries out cumulative measurement; Wherein recording the rotor number of turns by motor feedback metering, is the reduction gear ratio according to motor, and the supporting structure of system, the angle that the normal converting solar incident ray and circular hole place plane to is formed.The reduction gear ratio of such as motor is 14400:1, and tracing system rotates 0.2 °, then number of turns n=0.2*14400/360=8 that rotor adds up to turn are enclosed;
Step 4: central controller is measured by motor feedback, becomes photovoltaic battery panel and hot spot collection plate deviation angle angle value by data reduction;
Step 5: the deviation angle angle value of calculating and tolerance are compared;
If be less than tolerance, then electric system continues motion, and revolution performs step 3;
If be equal to or greater than tolerance, then motor is out of service;
Step 6: after motor is out of service, and start the new fixed cycle operator of timer.Its new timing length first moves to-a the time used from tolerance a, concrete computing method by calculating solar facula, and according to sun running in 24 hours 360 ° of calculating, the value of such as a gets 0.1, then timing length t=0.1*4/360 * 24h=96 second.
In the process that the present invention moves from east to west at the sun, system sensitive surface is followed the sun and is westwards moved, and combines with photoelectric tracking and time timing tracking.Photoelectric tracking precision prescribed is very high, and by photoelectric tracking with after standard, projection hot spot is in 16 positions (center) of Fig. 1; At this moment allow system move again westwards, spot motion stops behind 17 positions, is by measuring the motor movement number of turns, then converts the angle of hot spot movement to, thus control accurately from 16 to 17 processes; After complete process 14, motor is out of service, and timer starts timing, now along with sun's motion simultaneously, hot spot is from position 17 to the motion of direction, position 15, and timing length moves to the angle calculation gained of position 15 correspondence from position 17 according to the hot spot of sunshine after optically focused; After process 12 completes, then carry out next round photoelectric tracking 13.
In light gathering photovoltaic power generating system, utilizing said method to realize the tracing movement of system, and measure generated output and the current light intensity of system in real time, the precision and stability of system tracks sun process can be known by analyzing data.Ask for an interview Fig. 3, be generated output and the intensity of illumination comparison diagram of concentrating generating system in a day that measures in October, 2014 day, analyze known, in the process that intensity of illumination gradually changes, systems generate electricity power also followed by change, and change trend curve is close, and curve is smoother.Can find out thus, utilize the tracking technique that the method realizes, precision is high and stable.
Should be understood that, the part that this instructions does not elaborate all belongs to prior art.
Should be understood that; the above-mentioned description for preferred embodiment is comparatively detailed; therefore the restriction to scope of patent protection of the present invention can not be thought; those of ordinary skill in the art is under enlightenment of the present invention; do not departing under the ambit that the claims in the present invention protect; can also make and replacing or distortion, all fall within protection scope of the present invention, request protection domain of the present invention should be as the criterion with claims.
Claims (4)
1. the efficient mixing solar tracking control system combined by tolerance and timing, is characterized in that: comprise power module, photovoltaic battery panel drive motor, hot spot collection plate, photoelectric sensor, timer and central controller; Described hot spot collection plate is that one piece of center arranges round-meshed flat board, and described photoelectric sensor, hot spot collection plate are arranged on photovoltaic battery panel, setting coplanar with photovoltaic battery panel; Described central controller is connected with described power module, photovoltaic battery panel drive motor, photoelectric sensor, timer respectively, by receive that described photoelectric sensor gathers through the facula information after described hot spot collection plate center hole, time according to timer setting, the photovoltaic battery panel drive motor described in control drives photovoltaic battery panel and hot spot collection plate in real time just to the sun.
2. utilize the efficient mixing solar tracking control system combined by tolerance and timing described in claim 1 to carry out a method for solar tracking, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
Step 1: the system described in initialization, makes photovoltaic battery panel and hot spot collection plate just to the sun, and sets initial timing time and the tolerance of timer;
Step 2: within the initial timing time, described photoelectric sensor collection is through the hot spot mobile message after described hot spot collection plate center hole;
Step 3: when initial timing arrives, photovoltaic cell drive motor described in described central controller controls drives photovoltaic battery panel and hot spot collection plate to move along the direction of sun movement, and when being run motor by motor feedback, the number of turns of rotor turns carries out cumulative measurement;
Step 4: described central controller is measured by motor feedback, becomes photovoltaic battery panel and hot spot collection plate deviation angle angle value by data reduction;
Step 5: the deviation angle angle value of calculating and tolerance are compared;
If be less than tolerance, then electric system continues motion, and the step 3 described in revolution execution;
If be equal to or greater than tolerance, then motor is out of service;
Step 6: after motor is out of service, and start the new fixed cycle operator of timer.
3. method according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: during being run motor by motor feedback described in step 3, the number of turns of rotor turns carries out cumulative measurement, its specific implementation process is the reduction gear ratio H according to motor, and the supporting structure of system, the angle α that the normal converting solar incident ray and circular hole place plane to is formed, then number of turns n=α * H/360 that rotor adds up to turn encloses.
4. method according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the new fixed cycle operator described in step 4, its new timing length first moves to-a the time used by calculating solar facula from tolerance a, according to sun running in 24 hours 360 ° of calculating, then new timing length t=a*4/360 * 24h second.
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| CN101661295B (en) * | 2009-09-11 | 2011-06-08 | 王泽秀 | Solar automatic tracking and positioning device |
| CN101662241B (en) * | 2009-09-18 | 2011-10-05 | 杭州电子科技大学 | Sun orientation automatic tracking method and device used for photovoltaic power generation |
| CN101943915B (en) * | 2010-06-29 | 2012-04-11 | 浙江中控太阳能技术有限公司 | Sunlight reflector closed-loop control system based on reference mirror and method thereof |
| CN103208947B (en) * | 2012-08-20 | 2016-07-13 | 湖北工业大学 | A kind of roof solar concentrating generating system |
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