CN102130629B - Uniform reflection focused solar generation device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a uniform reflection focused solar generation device which comprises a photovoltaic panel, a small-paraboloid type reflection board, a large-paraboloid type reflection board, an infrared optical filter, a water cooling type metal heat conducting sheet, a cooling water tank, a heat storage water tank, a rotary servo mechanical chassis, an attack angle regulating servo rotating shaft, a servo control circuit, a clock calendar circuit and a voltage detection circuit. The device has a reasonable structure, solves the problems of nonuniform condensation, severe local heating of a photovoltaic panel and infrared aggregated heating of the traditional concentrating type photovoltaic generation device, prolongs the service life of the photovoltaic panel, reduces the working temperature of the photovoltaic panel, increases the unit generation efficiency and improves the generating capacity; and through a sunlight automatic tracking policy without a sensor, the problems of dependence on a photoelectric detection part, complicated technology, more interferences, low precision and poor dynamic stability of the traditional sunlight tracking system are solved.

Description

Uniform reflection focused solar power generation device

technical field

The invention relates to the fields of solar photovoltaic conversion and sun tracking technology, and in particular to a concentrating photovoltaic power generation device.

Background technique

New energy is one of the most decisive technical fields in the world's economic development in the 21st century. Solar power generation does not produce any waste, no pollution, no noise, and no adverse effects on the environment. It is an ideal clean energy.

The governments of all countries regard the utilization of solar energy resources as an important content of the national sustainable development strategy, and photovoltaic power generation has broad application prospects. However, low solar radiation density and expensive photovoltaic cells lead to high cost of photovoltaic power generation systems. Concentrating photovoltaic power generation is an effective way to solve this problem by replacing expensive photovoltaic panels with cheap concentrating materials.

Most of the existing concentrating solar photovoltaic power generation directly concentrates light through convex lenses or Fresnel lenses and catadioptric mirrors. When the concentrating ratio is high, the heat generated by photovoltaic panels is very serious, which largely restricts the development of the concentrating photovoltaic power generation industry. At present, there are some new concentrating technologies, but there are also some shortcomings, such as the patent application number 200620070287.6 " Butterfly reflective concentrating photovoltaic power generation system" adopts dish-type concentrating light to allow the concentrated sunlight to evenly hit the photovoltaic panels, but this method is greatly limited in the concentration ratio.

The wavelength range of solar radiation that can produce photovoltaic effect is 0.4-1.1 um, and the solar radiation of other wavelengths is only converted into heat energy when irradiated on the solar panel, which increases the temperature of the photovoltaic panel, reduces the photoelectric conversion efficiency, and shortens the photovoltaic panel. lifespan. Although the patent application number 200610088176.2 "self-radiating solar energy concentrating photovoltaic power generation device" filters infrared rays, the shape of the filter is parabolic, which is difficult to process, requires a large amount, and has high economic costs.

Most of the concentrating power generation devices need to track the sun, and the sun tracking technology is always a big problem. The existing light detection and tracking technologies mainly include position sensor detector PSD technology and CCD technology, which are generally more complicated and vulnerable to clouds, dust, etc. Influenced by the external environment, and the cost is relatively high, the "2008 China Solar Photovoltaic Power Generation Industry Analysis and Investment Consulting Report" pointed out that the tracking cost of each kilowatt of concentrated solar power generation system is about 16,000 yuan. Therefore, developing a solar tracking system based on a sensorless strategy is also a work with important theoretical and engineering practical significance.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a uniform reflective focusing solar power generation device with reasonable structure, good working performance and long service life of photovoltaic panels.

Technical solution of the present invention is:

A uniform reflective focusing solar power generation device, characterized by: including photovoltaic panels, small parabolic reflectors, large parabolic reflectors, infrared filters, water-cooled metal heat conducting sheets, cold water tanks, hot water storage tanks, The rotatable servo mechanical chassis, the servo shaft for adjusting the angle of attack, the servo control circuit, the clock calendar circuit and the voltage detection circuit, two large and small parabolic reflector concave surfaces are installed and placed opposite each other, and the normal axes of the two are collinear and the focus coincides; The infrared filter is placed on the focal point of the two parabolic reflectors or near the focus, and the normal axis of the infrared filter is collinear with the normal axes of the large and small parabolic reflectors; the photovoltaic panel is fixed on the large parabolic reflector The concave bottom of the board; the voltage output end of the photovoltaic panel is connected to the voltage detection circuit through wires; the large parabolic reflector is installed above the rotatable servo mechanical chassis, and is connected to the servo shaft for adjusting the angle of attack through the supporting parts; the rotatable servo The mechanical chassis and the angle of attack adjustment servo shaft are each driven by a set of stepping motors, and the two sets of stepping motors are connected to the servo control circuit; the servo control circuit is also connected to the clock calendar circuit and the voltage detection circuit; the photovoltaic panel A water-cooled metal heat conduction sheet is installed close to the back, and the latter is connected with the cold water tank and the hot water storage tank; a temperature control valve is installed at the water inlet of the hot water storage tank.

The concave surfaces of the large and small parabolic reflectors are reflective surfaces, which are in the form of metal polishing or smearing reflective coating; the concave openings of the large and small parabolic reflectors are both rectangular or circular in cross-section.

The infrared filter is a reflective filter whose shape is consistent with the concave opening cross-sections of the large and small parabolic reflectors, and whose area is far smaller than the concave open cross-sectional area of the small parabolic reflector.

The servo control circuit uses the time information given by the clock calendar circuit to drive the rotatable servo mechanical chassis and the angle of attack adjustment servo shaft to move, so as to realize the coarse adjustment of the large parabolic reflector to track the direct sunlight position, and the information given by the voltage detection circuit The open circuit voltage information is used to realize the fine adjustment of the large parabolic reflector to track the direct sunlight position.

The present invention is reasonable in structure, and has the following advantages:

(1) The large parabolic surface concentrating combined with the small parabolic uniform reflection method, while improving the concentration, can ensure that the concentrated sunlight is evenly irradiated on the photovoltaic panel vertically, prolonging the service life of the battery;

(2) Reasonable infrared filter principle, while effectively suppressing the heating effect of infrared rays, reduces the amount of filters used and saves costs.

(3) A new sensorless tracking strategy using the calendar method of solar trajectory tracking combined with the open circuit voltage climbing method of photovoltaic panels reduces the hardware investment of light detection components and enhances the anti-light interference ability of the device for tracking the sun.

Description of drawings

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with drawings and embodiments.

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

In Fig. 1, 1. incident light from the sun, 2. stepping motor for adjusting angle of attack, 3. servo shaft for adjusting angle of attack, 4. supporting mechanism in horizontal direction, 5. small parabolic reflector, 6. infrared filter, 7. supporting mechanism in vertical direction, 8 transmission gear train, 9 bearings, 10 rotatable servo mechanical chassis, 11 device base, 12 stepper motor for east-west deflection adjustment, 13 wires, 14 photovoltaic panels, 15 hot water storage tank, 16 temperature control valve, 17 water pipe , 18 water-cooled metal heat conducting sheets, 19 cold water tanks, 20 large parabolic reflectors, a servo control circuit, b voltage detection circuit, c clock calendar circuit.

The uniform reflective focusing solar power generation device is composed of an angle-of-attack adjustment stepping motor 2, an angle-of-attack adjustment servo shaft 3, a horizontal direction support mechanism 4, a small parabolic reflector 5, an infrared filter 6, and a vertical direction Support mechanism 7, transmission gear train 8, bearing 9, rotatable servo mechanical chassis 10, device frame 11, stepping motor for east-west deflection adjustment 12, wire 13, photovoltaic electric panel 14, hot water storage tank 15, temperature control valve 16. Water pipe 17, water-cooled metal heat conduction sheet 18, cold water tank 19, large parabolic reflector 20, servo control circuit a, voltage detection circuit b, clock calendar circuit c, etc.

In conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the horizontal support mechanism 4 fixes the small parabolic reflector 5, the large parabolic reflector 20, the infrared filter 6, the photovoltaic panel 14, the water-cooled metal heat conduction sheet 18 and other components in sequence. The angle of attack adjustment servo shaft 3 and the angle of attack adjustment stepper motor 2 are installed at the position. Therefore, the angle of attack of the large parabolic reflector 20 relative to the sun can be changed through the movement of the angle of attack adjustment stepper motor 2 . A vertical direction support mechanism 7 is installed in the vertical direction of the angle of attack adjustment servo rotating shaft 3, and the lower end of the vertical direction support mechanism 7 is connected with the rotatable servo mechanical chassis 10, and the disc center position of the rotatable servo mechanical chassis 10 is passed through the bearing. 9 is socketed with device support 11. Support 11 is fixed on the ground. The upper surface of the machine base 11 is fixedly installed with a stepping motor 12 for adjusting the east-west deflection angle. The rotor shaft protruding from the stepping motor 12 is sleeved with a gear plate. Therefore, adjusting the movement of the stepping motor 12 through the east-west declination angle can make the east-west declination angle of the large parabolic reflector 20 relative to the sun change.

The concave surfaces of the small parabolic reflector 5 and the large parabolic reflector 20 are opposite, and both are reflective surfaces. The reflection of the sun’s incident light 1 is realized by the manufacturing process of metal polishing or smearing reflective coating; the concave opening cross sections of the two reflectors can be Both are rectangular, or both are circular. The infrared filter 6 is a reflective filter whose shape is consistent with the cross section of the concave opening of the two parabolic reflectors, and whose area is much smaller than the cross section of the concave opening of the small parabolic reflector 5 .

The sun's incident light 1 is first concentrated and reflected by the large parabolic reflector 20, and on the way to the small parabolic reflector 5, the infrared light is filtered out by the infrared filter 6 (because the infrared filter 6 is installed in the size The focus attachment of the paraboloid, therefore, the smaller infrared filter 6 area can guarantee the infrared filtering effect to all the gathered light from the large parabolic reflector 20), after that, the gathered light passes through the small parabolic reflector 20 The reflection effect of the reflector 5 is transformed into a beam of uniform, parallel and high-intensity light without infrared wavelengths and irradiates vertically on the photovoltaic panel 14 .

The servo control circuit a internally stores the attitude angle required for solar tracking of the device under different month, day and time conditions at the installation location (latitude), including the declination angle in the east-west direction and the angle of reception in the vertical direction. The servo control circuit a first uses the time information (including month, day, and hour) given by the clock and calendar circuit c, and obtains the attitude angle (including the east and west) required by the device at this time to ensure tracking of the sun according to the look-up table program inside the circuit a. The deflection angle in the direction and the angle of incidence in the vertical direction), according to this angle, the stepper motor 12 for adjusting the east-west deflection angle and the stepper motor 2 for adjusting the angle of attack are driven to move, so as to realize the roughness of the large parabolic reflector 20 tracking the direct sunlight position. At this stage, the posture of the large parabolic reflector 20 can be basically aligned with the sun; after the coarse adjustment stage is over, the servo control circuit a uses the open-circuit voltage information of the photovoltaic panel 14 given by the voltage detection circuit b to apply The mountain-climbing method program inside the circuit a (the program aims to adjust the maximum open circuit voltage of the photovoltaic panel 14) fine-tunes the east-west deflection angle to adjust the stepper motor 12 and the angle of attack to adjust the stepper motor 2 to realize the large parabolic reflector 20 Accurate and fine-tuning of the direct sunlight position is tracked, and at this stage, the attitude of the large parabolic reflector 20 can be accurately aligned with the sun.

The servo control circuit a performs rough adjustment and fine adjustment of the device tracking the sun every 5 to 10 minutes to ensure the accuracy of the device tracking the sun and save the energy consumption of the device for tracking the sun.

The heat generated by the photovoltaic panel 14 is absorbed by the water-cooled metal heat conduction sheet 18. When the water temperature in the metal heat conduction sheet reaches a certain temperature and is detected by the temperature sensor, the temperature control valve 16 is automatically opened, and the hot water flows into the hot water storage tank 15, for life and production use. Simultaneously, cold water flows into the metal heat conducting sheet again through the cooling water inlet pipe 17 . When the water temperature in the metal heat conducting sheet falls back to a certain temperature and is detected by the temperature sensor, the temperature control valve 16 is automatically closed, and the water flow stops, so as to achieve the cooling effect on the photovoltaic panel 14 .

Claims (2)

1. even reflective focused type solar power generation device is characterized in that: comprise little parabolic shape reflecting plate, large parabolic shape reflecting plate, large and small two parabolic shape reflecting plate concave surfaces are installed placement relatively, and both method axis conllinear, focus overlap; Infrared fileter is placed on the two parabolic shape reflecting plate focuses or near the front and back of focus, and the method axis conllinear of the method axis of infrared fileter and large and small parabolic shape reflecting plate; The photovoltaic electroplax is fixed on the concave bottom of large parabolic shape reflecting plate; Photovoltaic electroplax voltage output end is connected with voltage detecting circuit by wire; Large parabolic shape reflecting plate is installed in top, rotatable servounit chassis, and regulates servo rotating shaft by support unit and the angle of attack and be connected; Rotatable servounit chassis and the angle of attack are regulated servo rotating shaft and are adopted separately a cover stepping motor to drive, and described two cover stepping motors all are connected with servo control circuit; Servo control circuit also is connected with voltage detecting circuit with the clock/calendar circuit; Photovoltaic electric backboard face is close to installation water-cooling type metal conducting strip, and the latter is connected with heat storage water tank with the cold water water tank; Temp .-control valve is installed in the heat storage water tank water inlet.

2. even reflective focused type solar power generation device according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: large and small two parabolic shape reflecting plate concave surfaces are reflecting surface, for adopting medal polish or smearing the reflecting coating form; Large and small two parabolic shape reflecting plate concave surface opening sections are rectangle or are circle.